Emerging Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Epidemiology of and Risk Factors for Amebic Meningoencephalitis, Kerala, India, 2025.","authors":"Harikumar Sivanandan, Jeromie Wesley Vivian Thangaraj, Ala Saritha, Anitha Bhaskar, Aravind Reghukumar, Asuma A Rahim, Bindu Vadakkayil, Chintha Sujatha, Karthika Meenakshy Amma, Manoj Arayakandy Thali, Prathibha M Thankamoni Amma, Priya Chandran, Rekha Melathuparambil Ravindran, Remya Prakash, Sabitha Rose Jacob, Shameer Vadekkandiyil, Shubin Chenayil, Unnikrishnan Bhaskarannair, Abhishek Gopalakrishnan Saraswthy, Anitha Puduvail Moorkoth, Bhagyalakshmi Mahavan Kanchana, Biju George, Dinesh Gopal, Heera Hassan, Jincy Johnson, Kiran Raj Divakaran, M C Sathya Bhama, Megha Shaju, Minu Abraham, Neetha T Ramankutty, Pressy Sankar, Priyanka Sajeev, Saritha Narayanankutty, O Sasikumari, Sujina Cheraparambil Muthukutty, Thekkumkara Surendran Anish, Vishnunath Kadavath, Aruna Raman, Bindu Gopalakrishnan Santhakumari, Gayathri Ramakrishnan, Geetha Panarkandy, Jayakrishnan Machinery Puthanpurayil, Mohandas Nair Karippoth, Shameem Anathan Mohammed, Sheeja Sugunan, Sindhu Thekkile Gangadharan, Anuja Ushakumari, Chandni Radhakrishnan, Easwaran Sreekumar, Naveen Anaswara, Pillaveetil Sathyadas Indu, Reetha Kakkarakandiyil Pareri, Sahadevan Sunija, Sajeeth Kumar Keeriyatt Govindan, Jaichand Johnson, Ajan Maheswaran Jaya, Abey Sushan, Raman Swathy Vaman, Lakshmi Geetha Gopalakrishnan, Arun P Vijayalekshmi, Dinesh Kumar Harikrishnan, Sabarinathan Ramasamy, Navaneeth S Krishna, Viswanathan V Kollengode, Reena K Joseph, Vinay Goyal, Rajan Khobragade, Manoj V Murhekar","doi":"10.3201/eid3209.260492","DOIUrl":"10.3201/eid3209.260492","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Amebic meningoencephalitis (AME) is a highly fatal central nervous system infection caused by various free-living amebae. We describe epidemiology of AME cases from Kerala, India, during January 1-November 11, 2025, and identify behavioral risk factors associated with real-time PCR-confirmed Acanthamoeba spp. infection through a matched case-control study. We identified 159 AME case-patients, of which 67 (42.1%) tested positive for Acanthamoeba spp. amebae. Most AME cases were reported from 4 districts, peaking during the monsoon and postmonsoon periods. Exposure to natural water bodies for swimming or bathing and using nonchlorinated water for domestic purposes were associated with AME. History of maxillofacial injury or nasal surgery with subsequent exposure to natural water bodies and washing ulcers or skin lesions in natural water bodies were associated with higher odds of disease. Targeted risk communication about safe water practices and routine chlorination of domestic water sources could help reduce AME risk in affected communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"32 9","pages":"1402-1412"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13555710/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148839634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Spread of Trichophyton indotineae Tracked by Mass Spectrometry Identification Network, 2022-2025.","authors":"Arnaud Jabet, Anne-Cécile Normand, Karin Amilon, Christine Schuttler, Lionel Fontao, Douglas Chan, Alicia Moreno-Sabater, Lise Kristensen, Sophie Brun, Aina Myhre, Damien Dupont, Ann Packeu, Mohammed Jami, Renaud Piarroux, Arnaud Fekkar","doi":"10.3201/eid3209.260463","DOIUrl":"10.3201/eid3209.260463","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Trichophyton indotineae is an emerging dermatophyte that is often resistant to terbinafine. We analyzed data produced by the Mass Spectrometry Identification global network. Those data revealed a 3-fold increase in T. indotineae identification during 2022-2025, demonstrating that this application is an effective tool for monitoring global spread of this pathogen.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"32 9","pages":"1487-1491"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13555720/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148839597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reemergence of Scrub Typhus Associated with Leptotrombidium akamushi Mites and Karp-Like Orientia tsutsugamushi Genotype Bacteria, Japan, 2024-2025.","authors":"Motohiko Ogawa, Nobuhiro Takada, Takashi Katayama, Yuki Hashimoto, Kei Nagano, Hirotaka Komine, Yukihiro Akeda","doi":"10.3201/eid3209.260646","DOIUrl":"10.3201/eid3209.260646","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Scrub typhus is a miteborne infectious disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi bacteria. In Japan, most cases occur in spring and autumn and are transmitted by Leptotrombidium pallidum and L. scutellare mites; summer scrub typhus, transmitted by L. akamushi mites, is rarely reported. In August 2024, a pregnant woman had scrub typhus develop after attending a fireworks event in Niigata Prefecture, Japan, resulting in fetal death. A Vietnam-related Karp-like O. tsutsugamushi genotype, distinct from the Kato type usually associated with L. akamushi mites, was detected from patient samples. Field investigations at the site of the fireworks event revealed seasonal predominance of L. akamushi mites in summer. We detected O. tsutsugamushi sequences identical to the patient's strain in 3 L. akamushi mite larvae and 1 field mouse, suggesting that L. akamushi mites were the source of human infection. Our findings suggest reemergence of summer scrub typhus associated with infected L. akamushi mites carrying a locally novel genotype.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"32 9","pages":"1463-1469"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13555703/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148839444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Elbow Nodules Caused by Fomitiporella Fungus in Immunocompetent Patients, United States.","authors":"Giannoula S Tansarli, Bicong Wu, Stephen J Salipante, Brad T Cookson","doi":"10.3201/eid3209.260263","DOIUrl":"10.3201/eid3209.260263","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report 2 cases of chronic subcutaneous infection in immunocompetent persons caused by Fomitiporella spp. basidiomycetes. Both patients recovered after surgical excision without antifungal therapy. We confirmed the cause of infection using broad-range fungal PCR from formalin-fixed tissue, highlighting the value of molecular diagnostics for detecting rare environmental fungi.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"32 9","pages":"1502-1505"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13555702/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148839652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public Understanding of Wastewater Surveillance, United States, August 2025.","authors":"Rieza H Soelaeman, Diana Valencia, Jena Losch, Danielle Kleven, Jazmyn Moore, Scott Santibañez","doi":"10.3201/eid3213.260559","DOIUrl":"10.3201/eid3213.260559","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We examined public understanding of wastewater surveillance (WS) data and perceptions of its importance by using a nationwide cross-sectional survey. Approximately half of participants were aware of WS, and 79.0% responded that WS information about viruses was important, highlighting the need for community engagement about WS use and value.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"32 13","pages":"111-114"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13585667/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148982224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laboratory Assessment of Wastewater as Surveillance Tool for West Nile Virus, United States","authors":"Jessica Spring,Audrey Long,Emily Davis,Shannon R. Matzinger,Allison Wheeler,Shelby L. Lyons,Daniel L. Jacobs,Rory Welsh,Jeffrey W. Mercante,Aaron C. Brault,Holly R. Hughes","doi":"10.3201/eid3213.260616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3213.260616","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148922908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress and Expansion of the National Wastewater Surveillance System, United States, 2020–2024","authors":"Miguella Mark-Carew,Megan Bias,Stacie Reckling,Kaniz Madhobi,Daniel Cornforth,Igor Volkov,Andrew L. Rainey,Benjamin Lorentz,Kaitlin R. Taibl,Lisa P. Oakley,Rachel West,Rory Welsh,Jeffrey W. Mercante,Niketta Womack,Nicole Fehrenbach,Jonathan Yoder","doi":"10.3201/eid3213.261118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3213.261118","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148922909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Posttuberculosis Consequences on Tuberculosis Prevention Effectiveness and Cost-effectiveness among New Immigrants, Canada.","authors":"Aotikuer Ainiwaer, Aashna Uppal, Kevin Schwartzman, Kamila Romanowski, Sarah K Brode, James C Johnston, Jonathon R Campbell","doi":"10.3201/eid3209.260473","DOIUrl":"10.3201/eid3209.260473","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cost-effectiveness analyses of tuberculosis (TB) preventive treatment rarely consider long-term TB consequences. We examined how long-term TB consequences influence the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of TB prevention among persons who immigrate to Canada. By using a Markov microsimulation model of 400,000 persons immigrating to Canada in 2025, we compared current postarrival TB infection screening levels (0.5%) with a screening level of 68% among new immigrants. Modelling scenarios included acute TB consequences and long-term TB-related death, illness, and healthcare costs (25-year horizon, 1.5% discount rate). Including long-term TB-related consequences increased the estimated TB-related quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) lost by 2.1-fold (95% uncertainty range 1.7-2.5-fold). When long-term TB-related consequences were included, estimated QALYs gained from expanded screening increased 2.4-fold (95% uncertainty range 1.6-4.4-fold), reducing the cost per QALY from $235,088 to $100,742 CAD. Ignoring long-term TB consequences substantially underestimates the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of preventive interventions; such consequences should be incorporated into future evaluations.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"32 9","pages":"1421-1429"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13555736/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148839131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Powassan Virus in Ixodes scapularis Tick Populations, Illinois, USA, 2025.","authors":"Aurora Marguccio, Lance E Jones, Brian Wilm, Arif Ciloglu, Valeria Trivellone, Millon Blackshear, Tomas Rodriguez, April Holmes, Samantha Kerr, Chang-Hyun Kim, Chris M Stone","doi":"10.3201/eid3209.260812","DOIUrl":"10.3201/eid3209.260812","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Powassan virus is a tickborne flavivirus that can cause severe encephalitis in humans. After the first known human case in Illinois, USA, we detected Powassan virus in adult Ixodes scapularis ticks collected from 2 sites in northern Illinois during 2025. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the virus as Powassan virus lineage II.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"32 9","pages":"1513-1516"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13555739/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148839139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autochthonous Canine Pythiosis Linked with Freshwater Exposure, Italy, 2021-2024.","authors":"Andrea Peano, Anna Rita Molinar Min, Patrizia Danesi, Francesco Albanese, Nicla Furiani, Moira Monaco, Fabiano Necci, Chiara Noli, Sofia Sgubin, Antonella Varina, Mario Pasquetti","doi":"10.3201/eid3209.260354","DOIUrl":"10.3201/eid3209.260354","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report 7 recognized autochthonous cases of canine pythiosis, a fungal disease, identified in Italy during 2021-2024. All infected dogs had freshwater exposure. Cases involved multiple lakes and occurred over consecutive years. Sequenced isolates clustered within clade IV of the Pythium insidiosum complex, currently designated Pythium periculosum.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"32 9","pages":"1526-1528"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13555719/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148839605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}