Valentina Marziano, Giorgio Guzzetta, Ira Longini, Stefano Merler
{"title":"Epidemiologic Quantities for Monkeypox Virus Clade I from Historical Data with Implications for Current Outbreaks, Democratic Republic of the Congo","authors":"Valentina Marziano, Giorgio Guzzetta, Ira Longini, Stefano Merler","doi":"10.3201/eid3010.240665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3010.240665","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We used published data from outbreak investigations of monkeypox virus clade I in the Democratic Republic of the Congo to estimate the distributions of critical epidemiological parameters. We estimated a mean incubation period of 9.9 days (95% credible interval [CrI] 8.5–11.5 days) and a mean generation time of 17.2 days (95% CrI 14.1–20.9 days) or 11.3 days (95% CrI 9.4–14.0 days), depending on the considered dataset. Presymptomatic transmission was limited. Those estimates suggest generally slower transmission dynamics in clade I than in clade IIb. The time-varying reproduction number for clade I in the Democratic Republic of the Congo was estimated to be below the epidemic threshold in the first half of 2024. However, in the South Kivu Province, where the newly identified subclade Ib has been associated with sustained human-to-human transmission, we estimated an effective reproduction number above the epidemic threshold (95% CrI 0.96–1.27).</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142166343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Noah Lininger, Rebecca Falender, Paul Cieslak, Arilene Novak, M. Andraya Hendrick, Devrim Kaya, Casey Kanalos, Oumaima Hachimi, David Mickle, Christine Kelly, Tyler Radniecki, Melissa Sutton
{"title":"Correlation Between Viral Wastewater Concentration and Respiratory Tests, Oregon","authors":"Noah Lininger, Rebecca Falender, Paul Cieslak, Arilene Novak, M. Andraya Hendrick, Devrim Kaya, Casey Kanalos, Oumaima Hachimi, David Mickle, Christine Kelly, Tyler Radniecki, Melissa Sutton","doi":"10.3201/eid3010.240637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3010.240637","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We evaluated the association between wastewater concentration and weekly percent positivity of patient testing for SARS-CoV-2, influenza, and respiratory syncytial virus in Oregon, USA. We found strong, positive correlations for SARS-CoV-2 (ρ = 0.84, p<0.001), influenza (ρ = 0.73, p<0.001) and respiratory syncytial virus (ρ = 0.69, p<0.001).</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142166344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ana Julia Benitez, Mayling Alvarez, Lissette Perez, Rosario Gravier, Silvia Serrano, Denelsys Milagro Hernandez, Melissa Maria Perez, Gladys Gutierrez-Bugallo, Yanet Martinez, Ariamys Companioni, Carilda Peña, Jose Raul de Armas, Dayana Couto, Iliovanys Betancourt I, Madelaine Rivera Sanchez, Sonia Resik, Vivian Kouri, Maria G. Guzman
{"title":"Oropouche Fever, Cuba, May 2024","authors":"Ana Julia Benitez, Mayling Alvarez, Lissette Perez, Rosario Gravier, Silvia Serrano, Denelsys Milagro Hernandez, Melissa Maria Perez, Gladys Gutierrez-Bugallo, Yanet Martinez, Ariamys Companioni, Carilda Peña, Jose Raul de Armas, Dayana Couto, Iliovanys Betancourt I, Madelaine Rivera Sanchez, Sonia Resik, Vivian Kouri, Maria G. Guzman","doi":"10.3201/eid3010.240900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3010.240900","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Phylogenetic analyses showed that the virus responsible for a May 2024 Oropouche fever outbreak in Cuba was closely related to viruses from Brazil in 2023. Pools of <em>Ceratopogonidae</em> spp. biting midges and <em>Culex quinquefasciatus</em> mosquitoes were positive for Oropouche viral RNA. No cases were severe. Virus extension to new areas may increase case numbers and severity.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142166287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Baptiste Hamelin, Philippe Pérot, Ian Pichler, Jasmin D. Haslbauer, David Hardy, David Hing, Sarra Loulizi, Béatrice Regnault, Anouk Pieters, Ingmar Heijnen, Caroline Berkemeier, Maria Mancuso, Verena Kufner, Niels Willi, Anne Jamet, Nolwenn Dheilly, Marc Eloit, Mike Recher, Michael Huber, Kirsten D. Mertz
{"title":"Circovirus Hepatitis in Immunocompromised Patient, Switzerland","authors":"Baptiste Hamelin, Philippe Pérot, Ian Pichler, Jasmin D. Haslbauer, David Hardy, David Hing, Sarra Loulizi, Béatrice Regnault, Anouk Pieters, Ingmar Heijnen, Caroline Berkemeier, Maria Mancuso, Verena Kufner, Niels Willi, Anne Jamet, Nolwenn Dheilly, Marc Eloit, Mike Recher, Michael Huber, Kirsten D. Mertz","doi":"10.3201/eid3010.240678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3010.240678","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We identified a novel human circovirus in an immunocompromised 66-year-old woman with sudden onset of self-limiting hepatitis. We detected human circovirus 1 (HCirV-1) transcripts in hepatocytes and the HCirV-1 genome long-term in the patient’s blood, stool, and urine. HCirV-1 is an emerging human pathogen that persists in susceptible patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142130768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chao Shi, Yuhe Zhang, Sheng Ye, Jiyang Zhou, Fuyu Zhu, Yumeng Gao, Yan Wang, Bingbing Cong, Shuyu Deng, You Li, Bing Lu, Xin Wang
{"title":"Infection Rates and Symptomatic Proportion of SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza in Pediatric Population, China, 2023.","authors":"Chao Shi, Yuhe Zhang, Sheng Ye, Jiyang Zhou, Fuyu Zhu, Yumeng Gao, Yan Wang, Bingbing Cong, Shuyu Deng, You Li, Bing Lu, Xin Wang","doi":"10.3201/eid3009.240065","DOIUrl":"10.3201/eid3009.240065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We conducted a longitudinal cohort study of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza rates in childcare centers and schools in Wuxi, China, collecting 1,760 environmental samples and 9,214 throat swabs from 593 students (regardless of symptoms) in weekly collections during February-June 2023. We estimated a cumulative infection rate of 124.8 (74 episodes)/1,000 persons for SARS-CoV-2 and 128.2 (76 episodes)/1,000 persons for influenza. The highest SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was in persons 18 years of age, and for influenza, in children 4 years of age. The asymptomatic proportion of SARS-CoV-2 was 59.6% and 66.7% for influenza; SARS-CoV-2 symptomatic proportion was lower in 16-18-year-olds than in 4-6-year-olds. Only samples from frequently touched surface tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 (4/1,052) and influenza (1/1,052). We found asynchronous circulation patterns of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza, similar to trends in national sentinel surveillance. The results support vaccination among pediatric populations and other interventions, such as environmental disinfection in educational settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11347007/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141897125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cheryl Anne Hapip, Erin Fischer, Tamar Perla Feldman, Bethany L Brown
{"title":"Formation of Single-Species and Multispecies Biofilm by Isolates from Septic Transfusion Reactions in Platelet Bag Model.","authors":"Cheryl Anne Hapip, Erin Fischer, Tamar Perla Feldman, Bethany L Brown","doi":"10.3201/eid3009.240372","DOIUrl":"10.3201/eid3009.240372","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During 2018-2021, eight septic transfusion reactions occurred from transfusion of platelet units contaminated with Acinetobacter spp., Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Leclercia adecarboxylata, or a combination of those environmental organisms. Whether biofilm formation contributed to evasion of bacterial risk mitigations, including bacterial culture, point-of-care testing, or pathogen-reduction technology, is unclear. We designed a 12-well plate-based method to evaluate environmental determinants of single-species and multispecies biofilm formation in platelets. We evaluated bacteria isolated from septic transfusion reactions for biofilm formation by using crystal violet staining and enumeration of adherent bacteria. Most combinations of bacteria had enhanced biofilm production compared with single bacteria. Combinations involving L. adecarboxylata had increased crystal violet biofilm production and adherent bacteria. This study demonstrates that transfusion-relevant bacteria can produce biofilms well together. More work is needed to clarify the effect of biofilms on platelet bacterial risk control strategies, but US Food and Drug Administration-recommended strategies remain acceptable.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11346971/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141897124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
François Caméléna, Manel Mérimèche, Julie Brousseau, Mary Mainardis, Pascale Verger, Caroll Le Risbé, Elise Brottet, Alexandra Thabuis, Cécile Bébéar, Jean-Michel Molina, Florence Lot, Emilie Chazelle, Béatrice Berçot
{"title":"Emergence of Extensively Drug-Resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae, France, 2023.","authors":"François Caméléna, Manel Mérimèche, Julie Brousseau, Mary Mainardis, Pascale Verger, Caroll Le Risbé, Elise Brottet, Alexandra Thabuis, Cécile Bébéar, Jean-Michel Molina, Florence Lot, Emilie Chazelle, Béatrice Berçot","doi":"10.3201/eid3009.240557","DOIUrl":"10.3201/eid3009.240557","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since 2022, Europe has had 4 cases of extensively drug-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae, sequence type 16406, that is resistant to ceftriaxone and highly resistant to azithromycin. We report 2 new cases from France in 2023 involving strains genetically related to the 4 cases from Europe as well as isolates from Cambodia.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11347006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141859282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cocirculation of Genetically Distinct Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N5 and H5N1 Viruses in Crows, Hokkaido, Japan.","authors":"Yik Lim Hew, Takahiro Hiono, Isabella Monne, Kei Nabeshima, Saki Sakuma, Asuka Kumagai, Shunya Okamura, Kosuke Soda, Hiroshi Ito, Mana Esaki, Kosuke Okuya, Makoto Ozawa, Toshiyo Yabuta, Hiroki Takakuwa, Linh Bao Nguyen, Norikazu Isoda, Kohtaro Miyazawa, Manabu Onuma, Yoshihiro Sakoda","doi":"10.3201/eid3009.240356","DOIUrl":"10.3201/eid3009.240356","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We isolated highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N5 and H5N1 viruses from crows in Hokkaido, Japan, during winter 2023-24. They shared genetic similarity with HPAI H5N5 viruses from northern Europe but differed from those in Asia. Continuous monitoring and rapid information sharing between countries are needed to prevent HPAI virus transmission.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11346982/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141897123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Viivi Nevanlinna, Janne Aittoniemi, Reetta Huttunen, Tiina Luukkaala, Sari Rantala
{"title":"Clinical Aspects and Disease Severity of Streptococcus dysgalactiae Subspecies equisimilis Bacteremia, Finland<sup>1</sup>.","authors":"Viivi Nevanlinna, Janne Aittoniemi, Reetta Huttunen, Tiina Luukkaala, Sari Rantala","doi":"10.3201/eid3009.240278","DOIUrl":"10.3201/eid3009.240278","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11346991/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142035472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cristina Rafferty, Gloria Raise, JeNyiah Scaife, Bernard Abongo, Seline Omondi, Sylvia Milanoi, Margaret Muchoki, Brenda Onyango, Eric Ochomo, Sarah Zohdy
{"title":"Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay to Detect Invasive Malaria Vector Anopheles stephensi Mosquitoes.","authors":"Cristina Rafferty, Gloria Raise, JeNyiah Scaife, Bernard Abongo, Seline Omondi, Sylvia Milanoi, Margaret Muchoki, Brenda Onyango, Eric Ochomo, Sarah Zohdy","doi":"10.3201/eid3009.240444","DOIUrl":"10.3201/eid3009.240444","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spread of the Anopheles stephensi mosquito, an invasive malaria vector, threatens to put an additional 126 million persons per year in Africa at risk for malaria. To accelerate the early detection and rapid response to this mosquito species, confirming its presence and geographic extent is critical. However, existing molecular species assays require specialized laboratory equipment, interpretation, and sequencing confirmation. We developed and optimized a colorimetric rapid loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for molecular An. stephensi species identification. The assay requires only a heat source and reagents and can be used with or without DNA extraction, resulting in positive color change in 30-35 minutes. We validated the assay against existing PCR techniques and found 100% specificity and analytical sensitivity down to 0.0003 ng of genomic DNA. The assay can successfully amplify single mosquito legs. Initial testing on samples from Marsabit, Kenya, illustrate its potential as an early vector detection and malaria mitigation tool.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11346999/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141579268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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