Energy technology最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of Excited Species Formation across the Flame of Various Ammonia-Hydrogen Fired Combustor Geometries","authors":"Marco Osvaldo Vigueras-Zuniga,&nbsp;Maria Elena Tejeda del Cueto,&nbsp;Jordan Davies,&nbsp;Syed Mashruk,&nbsp;Agustin Valera-Medina","doi":"10.1002/ente.202401404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202401404","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Although ammonia can be used as a fuel, it also presents drawbacks that require further investigation before the chemical can overtake fossil fuels in combustion systems. The main barriers are the low flammability in combination with high NOx emissions. Although the first barrier can be surpassed by doping ammonia with hydrogen, the second becomes more challenging under these conditions, as hydrogen increases NO emissions due to the increase in H radicals in the chemical pool of species. How the change in radicals impacts the stability of the flame, its reactivity, and emissions profile is of the greatest concern for the use of these net zero fuels. Thus, the work herein presented shows the trends of excited species such as NH*, NH₂*, and OH* when using ammonia–hydrogen at 70%–30% (vol) blending. Various equivalence ratios are employed from lean to rich conditions. Results denote that there is a continuous displacement of radicals across the field, with NH₂* relocating closer to the centerline of the burner as equivalence ratio increases, while NH* tends to raise its location while dislocating from the production/consumption of OH* radicals. The results can be used to target desirable radicals for the mitigation of emissions and flame control.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"13 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ente.202401404","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143793917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybridization of Stirling Heat Engine with Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell: Performance Prediction and Regulation Mechanism","authors":"Shaocheng Lang,&nbsp;Jinliang Yuan","doi":"10.1002/ente.202401491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202401491","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) is an advanced green energy storage technology for achieving high-efficiency hydrogen production. However, SOEC generates redundant waste heat in exothermic mode. To improve system exergy efficiency and ensure stable and reliable operation of the SOEC, a novel hybrid system is proposed to mainly comprise an SOEC and a Stirling heat engine (SHE). Mathematical formulas for the exergy efficiency of the SOEC-SHE hybrid system are obtained and applied for this system, and it is found that the exergy efficiency is 69.90%, which is 13.77% higher than that of a single SOEC system when the operating current density is 30 000 A m⁻². A mixed orthogonal experiment method is further implemented to analyze the comprehensive effects of various parameters on the exergy efficiency of the SOEC-SHE hybrid system. Operated on the optimal combination of the investigated parameters, the exergy efficiency of the SOEC-SHE hybrid system reaches 82.35%, which is further improved by 17.81%. The results provide valuable theoretical insights for the design and operation of the SOEC-SHE hybrid system.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143565398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heating Control Strategy of CO2 Heat Pump Air Conditioning System of Electric Vehicle Based on Waste Heat Recovery Technology","authors":"Yan Zhang,&nbsp;Yu Zhao,&nbsp;Limin Wu,&nbsp;Liange He","doi":"10.1002/ente.202401463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202401463","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000The control strategy of the thermal management system is crucial for ensuring the thermal comfort of an electric vehicles (EVs) cabin. However, the performance of heat pump air conditioning (HPAC) significantly deteriorates in low-temperature weather conditions. In recent years, the CO₂ HPAC system has emerged as a potential solution to address the insufficient heating capacity in such environments. In order to ensure cabin comfort and optimize winter mileage, a three-stage heating control method for CO₂ air source heat pump (ASHP) system is proposed in this article. Firstly, a simulation model is established and its feasibility is verified by comparing it with experimental results. Subsequently, the cabin's heating capacity is examined under four different low-temperature conditions (–5, −10, −15, and −20 °C). Optimal opening and closing strategies of each mode are discussed to maintaining the temperature requirements of the cabin. The three-stage heating control strategy demonstrates improvements in battery state of charge performance over 7200 s of running time compared to conventional CO₂ ASHP: optimization rates increase by 8.07% at −5 °C, a further increase by 10.03% at −10 °C, a substantial increase by 14.51% at −15 °C, and under extreme conditions of −20 °C, the optimization rate is as high as 16.21%.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"13 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143793853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Cause–Effect Relationships between Process Parameters and the Film Formation in the Semidry Electrode Production for Lithium-Ion Batteries","authors":"Matthias Leeb,&nbsp;Nico Schwarz,&nbsp;Rüdiger Daub","doi":"10.1002/ente.202401759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202401759","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Conventional electrode production for lithium-ion batteries has high energy and plant space demand, due to the high solvent content of the slurry to be processed by slot die or doctor blade coating. By using the semidry electrode production, the solvent content is reduced by more than 50% compared to the conventional electrode production, decreasing energy demand and drying length. Regarding technology readiness level, the semidry electrode production is on the pilot scale, as the basic principles have been shown. However, many unknown cause–effect correlations exist between the process parameters and the product properties. This study aims to analyze process parameter variations and their influence on the geometric, electrochemical, and mechanical properties of the electrode. An experimental design is utilized to obtain statistically relevant conclusions. It is found that the first calender gap and the roller speed influence the mass loading and the porosity of the electrode. The roller speed significantly influences the ionic resistance within the electrode, which may be attributed to the used release foil.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ente.202401759","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143565341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Solar Cell Efficiency of Silicon and Silicon Tandem Structure by Using Surface Modification","authors":"Maha Nur Aida,&nbsp;Polgampola Chamani Madara,&nbsp;Muhammad Quddamah Khokhar,&nbsp;Hasnain Yousuf,&nbsp;Mengmeng Chu,&nbsp;Rafi Ur Rahman,&nbsp;Sangheon Park,&nbsp;Junsin Yi","doi":"10.1002/ente.202401514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202401514","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells face challenges in maximizing energy capture due to limitations in light collection and surface passivation. To address this, the use of SHJ tandem solar cells in a back-to-back configuration is explored, allowing illumination from both sides to enhance light absorption and energy generation. This study aims to improve the stability and efficiency of these cells through Al₂O₃ and Nafion surface treatments. Al₂O₃ is deposited to enhance bifacial light collection, while Nafion is applied for surface passivation to increase the fill factor (FF). The method involves adding 0.1–0.6 units of incident light to the rear of the cells to evaluate the effects of these treatments. The results show a 2.06% increase in efficiency with Al₂O₃ and a 1.72% improvement with Nafion under standard illumination conditions. The optimized tandem SHJ with Al₂O₃ and Nafion achieves a <i>J</i>_sc of 62.01 mA cm⁻², <i>V</i>_oc of 650.63 mV, FF of 76.49%, and an efficiency of 30.86%. These findings demonstrate the significant potential of these surface treatments to enhance the overall performance of bifacial back-to-back tandem SHJ solar cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143565340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mn-Doped CoFeP Nanosheets as Effective Electrocatalysts for Superior Overall Water Splitting","authors":"Ning Li,&nbsp;Yue Dong,&nbsp;Bin Ma,&nbsp;Jiatong Zhang,&nbsp;Yanping Qiu,&nbsp;Yangqin Gao,&nbsp;Zhifeng Liu,&nbsp;Lei Ge","doi":"10.1002/ente.202401512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202401512","url":null,"abstract":"<p>For green hydrogen, the exploitation of advanced electrocatalysts is crucial, and transition metal phosphides have great potential in water splitting due to their abundant reserves and optimized electronic structure. Herein, a synergistic approach involving Mn doping and phosphorization is applied to CoFe-layered double hydroxide nanoflowers to produce a series of bifunctional catalysts Mn-doped CoFeP (Mn-CoFeP). Electrochemical evaluations demonstrate that the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance of Mn(10%)-CoFeP both have notable improvement in 1 M KOH, with the overpotentials of only 160 and 239 mV to achieve current densities of 10 and 100 mA cm⁻², respectively. Comparative electrocatalytic analysis indicates that moderate Mn doping mainly contributes to improve the OER performance, while the phosphorization significantly enhances the HER activity, resulting in effective bifunctional catalysis. For overall water decomposition, a total hydrolysis electrolysis cell equipped with the Mn(10%)-CoFeP bifunctional catalyst requires only 1.64 V to reach a current density of 10 mA cm⁻². Furthermore, it performs stable operation for 10 h at a current density of 10 mA cm⁻² with a current maintenance rate of 83.6%. This work offers new insights into preparing effective bifunctional electrocatalysts, advancing clean energy development.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144273078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Algae-Derived Precursors for Sustainable Electrochemical Energy Storage","authors":"Manas Dongre,&nbsp;Payal Varma,&nbsp;Aravindhalochanan Parthasarathy,&nbsp;Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian","doi":"10.1002/ente.202401465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202401465","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The simple production and harvesting of algae, along with its lower environmental impact and fewer geopolitical issues, make it a viable precursor for electrochemical energy storage devices. Algae represent a promising biomaterial for electrode materials in electrochemical energy storage devices, including hard carbon, sol–gel-based anode batteries, sodium batteries, oxygen reduction reaction catalysts in zinc–air batteries, and cathode materials in zinc-ion and lithium-ion batteries. Algae-based batteries are fabricated using methods like pyrolysis, hydrothermal processes, agar-aided dissolution, electrolysis, annealing, and sol–gel methods. Among these, the sol–gel method using agar to construct refillable hydrogel batteries stands out. Agar's compatibility with acetylene black enhances electrochemical properties and offers the advantage of refill ability, which is challenging in metal-ion batteries. Algae carbons have demonstrated enhanced specific capacity and cyclic performance, paving the way for their use in both medical and industrial applications. The article reviews the utilization of algae-based batteries in different industrial and medical pacemaker applications as well as examines the feasibility of the operation of algae-based batteries synthesized through various parameters and precursors.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143565344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Supercapacitor Performance of NiCoMn‐Layered Double Hydroxide with Ag–Citrate/Polyaniline Nanocomposites","authors":"Ammar Makda, Mohsin Ali Marwat, Muhammad Hamza Mahmood, Abdullah Naeem, Syed Muhammad Abdullah, Muhammad Humayun, Muhammad Ramzan Abdul Karim, Mohamed Bououdina, Muhammad Zubair Khan, Muhammad Bilal Hanif","doi":"10.1002/ente.202401730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202401730","url":null,"abstract":"Layered double hydroxide (LDH) has a layered structure, which makes it a strong candidate for supercapacitors (SC) due to its high surface area. However, they suffer from low conductivity due to insufficient charge transfer across their layers. This research aims to overcome this obstacle by introducing conductive channels among the layers by the addition of Ag–citrate and polyaniline (PANI). Consequently, five electrodes (S<jats:sub>1–5</jats:sub>) were made from NiCoMn LDH (referred to as LDH henceforth) and 2:1 Ag–citrate and PANI composite (Ag/PANI) in different ratios and made into electrodes. Electrochemical analysis revealed successful improvement in the performance of LDH as the fraction of Ag/PANI increased until it equaled Ag/PANI where the highest specific capacitance of 617 F g<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> was obtained, which is 12% greater than the value for solely LDH electrode (550 F g<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>). A device was fabricated with the best electrode (S<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>) and activated carbon electrode, which demonstrated energy densities and power densities of 41 WhKg<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> and 412.5 W Kg<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> and 14 WhKg<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>and 8250 W Kg<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> at 0.5 and 10 A g<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> current densities, respectively. It also exhibited a capacitive retention of about 75% at 3000 galvanostatic charge–discharge cycles. These results encourage the use in of NiCoMn LDH, in a 1:1 ratio with Ag/PANI in SCs due to its remarkable performance.","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142665596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication of 0.6 eV Bandgap In0.69Ga0.31As Thermophotovoltaic Cells and Its System Demonstration","authors":"Qiaobing Yang,&nbsp;Han Zhai,&nbsp;Hongbo Lu,&nbsp;Tong Zheng,&nbsp;Ge Li,&nbsp;Renbo Lei,&nbsp;Shuai Jiang,&nbsp;Ninghua Ma,&nbsp;Wei Zhang,&nbsp;Xinyi Li","doi":"10.1002/ente.202401480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202401480","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Thermophotovoltaic (TPV) is a promising energy conversion technology that can absorb the heat from a thermal radiator and transfer it into power. As the most significant energy converter, TPV cells need a narrower bandgap to realize a wider absorption spectrum range. In this work, the fabrication and characterization of single-junction In_0.69Ga_0.31As TPV cells with a bandgap of 0.6 eV are presented. The main structure is grown on an InP substrate through metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. Step-graded InAs_<i>y</i>P_1−<i>y</i> buffer layers are used to mitigate the dislocations by relaxing the stress induced by lattice mismatch completely. Analysis of the composition, strain relaxation, layer tilt, and crystalline quality of each layer is demonstrated using triple-axis X-ray reciprocal space mapping and transmission electron microscopy. According to the tested results, each layer is found to be nearly fully relaxed and the InGaAs active layer grown on the buffer displays a high crystal quality. External quantum efficiency achieves 90% at 1100–1500 nm. Additionally, a TPV test platform is constructed to evaluate the cell performance. The maximum efficiency of the lattice-mismatched TPV cell reaches 21.92% operating at a power density of 267.4 mW cm⁻² and an emitter temperature of 1200 °C.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143565302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controlled Synthesis of 2D Nanostructured Bimetallic Oxide (NiMoO4) on Self-Supported Nickel Foam for Boosted Electrocatalytic Seawater Oxidation Performance","authors":"Gopalakrishnan Shanmugam,&nbsp;Harish Santhana Krishnan,&nbsp;Senthil Kumar Eswaran,&nbsp;Navaneethan Mani","doi":"10.1002/ente.202400941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202400941","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000The design and development of effective electrocatalysts containing nonprecious materials for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in seawater splitting remains a significant challenge for large-scale industrial hydrogen production. Nonprecious bimetallic oxide-constructed catalysts are utmost promising candidates to obtain boosting electrochemical water oxidation performance. Herein, a transition bimetallic oxide nanostructure electrocatalyst as NiMoO₄ vertically standing nanosheet over the nickel foam substrate (NiMoO₄/NF) for electrochemical water oxidation process in alkaline fresh/simulated seawater conditions is presented. NiMoO₄ nanostructure on NF substrate is successfully obtained using a straightforward hydrothermal reaction route and thermal annealing processes. The surface morphology with elemental characteristics of the resultant NiMoO₄/NF sample exposes highly homogenous vertical standing nanosheets assembled on the NF surface. The electrochemical water oxidation performance of the as-prepared electrodes demonstrates the function of diverse hydrothermal reaction times (3, 6, and 9 h) in fresh and simulated seawater electrolyte conditions. In alkaline seawater electrolyte conditions, optimal hydrothermal reaction time-assisted NiMoO₄/NF-6 h electrocatalyst possesses significant OER electrocatalytic actives compared to the other samples. Similarly, NiMoO₄/NF-6 h catalyst exhibits a small overpotential of 429 mV to achieve a current density of 50 mA cm⁻² with a Tafel slope value of 122 mV dec⁻¹ for OER process. As a result, the resultant superior electrocatalytic performance of the optimal hydrothermal reaction time-aided electrocatalyst (NiMoO₄/NF-6 h) is ascribed to highly accessible catalytic active centers and enhanced charge transfer kinetics at the interface for electrochemical reactions. Thus, proposed nanostructure-constructed electrocatalysts could prove to be prospective OER candidates for electrochemical water oxidation.</p>","PeriodicalId":11573,"journal":{"name":"Energy technology","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143565301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}