Endocrine最新文献

{"title":"Diabetes mellitus in patients with myasthenia gravis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Tianrui Shao, Jing Lu, Hailan Kang, Yibin Zhang, Tianye Lan, Jian Wang","doi":"10.1007/s12020-024-04143-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12020-024-04143-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>With the prolongation of life expectancy in patients with myasthenia gravis, the number of comorbidities is increasing. Diabetes mellitus is one of the main comorbidities faced by patients with myasthenia gravis. However, there is not enough epidemiological information on diabetes mellitus. Given these limitations, the purpose of this study was to review the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in patients with myasthenia gravis and whether the myasthenia gravis is associated with an increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for articles published prior to February 2024. Endnote 21 software was used to manage all relevant records. Review Manager version 5.4 and Stata version 18.0 software were used for the statistical analysis. Funnel plots and Egger's test were used to assess publication bias.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-four articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in the study. Among 23,516 myasthenia gravis patients, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 17% (95% CI 12~22%). In addition, the meta-analysis of the two studies showed that myasthenia gravis was significantly associated with an increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (OR = 1.56, 95% CI 1.26~1.93, p < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among the comorbidities of myasthenia gravis patients, diabetes mellitus is common, and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus is increased in myasthenia gravis patients. These findings remind us that diabetes mellitus seems to be an important issue in the clinical management of myasthenia gravis patients and requires more attention.</p>","PeriodicalId":11572,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine","volume":" ","pages":"24-35"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of psychiatric disorders on the risk of diabetic ketoacidosis in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a propensity score matching case-control study.","authors":"Víctor Navas Moreno, Carolina Sager La Ganga, María Sara Tapia Sanchiz, Marta López Ruano, María Del Carmen Martínez Otero, Elena Carrillo López, Juan José Raposo López, Selma Amar, Sara González Castañar, Mónica Marazuela, José Alfonso Arranz Martín, Fernando Sebastian-Valles","doi":"10.1007/s12020-024-04146-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12020-024-04146-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the association between psychiatric disorders and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) treated at a tertiary care hospital.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A propensity score-matched case-control study was conducted, comprising a total sample of 194 participants (97 DKA cases and 97 controls without DKA). Comprehensive data were collected on clinical, anthropometric, and socioeconomic characteristics, and psychiatric disorders were classified according to international standards.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the participants was 47.4 ± 17.7 years, with 55.6% being female. Psychiatric disorders were identified in 16.5% of the study population. The prevalence of psychiatric disorders was significantly higher in DKA cases compared to controls (24.7% vs. 7.2%, p < 0.001). Conditional logistic regression models revealed that the association between psychiatric disorders and DKA was not independent of HbA1c levels. Additionally, in HbA1c-stratified analyses, patients with psychiatric disorders developed DKA at lower HbA1c levels compared to controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Psychiatric disorders significantly increase the risk of DKA in adults with T1D, particularly among those with less elevated HbA1c levels. These findings highlight the critical importance of addresing psychiatric comorbidities in the management of T1D, given the severe implications and significant healthcare resource utilization associated with DKA.</p>","PeriodicalId":11572,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine","volume":" ","pages":"127-134"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11933209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143032627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroendocrine tumors and diabetes mellitus: which treatment and which effect.","authors":"Rossella Mazzilli, Virginia Zamponi, Camilla Mancini, Beatrice Giorgini, Bianca Golisano, Nevena Mikovic, Giulia Pecora, Flaminia Russo, Maurizio Martiradonna, Piero Paravani, Daniela Prosperi, Antongiulio Faggiano","doi":"10.1007/s12020-024-04149-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12020-024-04149-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetes mellitus (DM) and neuroendocrine tumors (NET) can exert unfavorable effects on each other prognosis. In this narrative review, we evaluated the effects of NET therapies on glycemic control and DM management and the effects of anti-diabetic therapies on NET outcome and management. For this purpose, we searched the PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases for studies reporting the effects of NET therapy on DM as well as the effect of DM therapy on NET. The majority of NET treatments appear to impair glycaemic control, both inducing hypoglycemic or, more commonly, hyperglycemia and even new-onset DM. However, glucose metabolism imbalance can be effectively managed by modulating anti-diabetic therapy and adopting an appropriate nutritional approach. On the other hand, the effects of anti-diabetic treatment, like insulin, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, ipeptidyl-peptidase-4 inhibitors, Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, and Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors on NET are unclear. Recently, metformin has been investigated in patients with gastroenteropancreatic NET resulting in improved progression free survival suggesting a potential antineoplastic role. Finally, the management of DM in patients with NET is of great clinical relevance to correctly perform radiological procedures and even more functional imaging procedures, as well as to optimize the therapy and avoid treatment withdrawal or discontinuation. In conclusion, understanding the mechanisms underlying therapy-induced DM and implementing appropriate monitoring and management strategies of DM are essential for optimizing NET patient outcome and quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":11572,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine","volume":" ","pages":"36-50"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142921169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatrics cascade screening in inherited dyslipidemias: a lipoprotein apheresis center experience.","authors":"Francesco Sbrana, Beatrice Dal Pino, Carmen Corciulo, Andrea Ripoli, Federico Bigazzi, Tiziana Sampietro","doi":"10.1007/s12020-024-04144-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12020-024-04144-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is less rare than one might think and, despite highly effective lipid-lowering therapies (LLT), more than half of the patients treated do not reach the lipid target indicated by the guidelines. In these patients, lipoprotein apheresis (LA) is the most effective tool to lowering apo-B containing atherogenic lipoproteins. In own center, since 1994, thanks to routinely cascade testing performed in patients who start LA, we have identified a pediatric population (30 subjects) that we analyzed retrospectively. Cascade screening, performed in subject with premature cardiovascular events or inherited dyslipidemias, is an effective approach to identified pediatric FH, a condition that pediatricians should also be aware. A dedicate network is required to investigate the involved genetic mutations and to set up a management program, including lipoprotein (a) measurement and subclinical atherosclerosis evaluation. Moreover, it is important that medical staff use a therapeutic pathway to help patients overcome discomfort associated with disease and chronic LLT, as well as improve adherence to lipid-lowering drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":11572,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine","volume":" ","pages":"122-126"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interplay between elevated RAB5B gene expression and insulin resistance among women with PCOS-insights from a case-control study.","authors":"Khurshid Ahmad Padder, Mohmad Aadil Yousuf, Nusrat Jahan, Syed Douhath Yousuf, Mohd Ashraf Ganie","doi":"10.1007/s12020-024-04137-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12020-024-04137-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) represents a multifaceted endocrine, reproductive, and metabolic disorder characterized by hyperandrogenism and hyperinsulinemia-induced insulin resistance (IR). Recent studies reported that the etiology of PCOS is likely correlated with genes involved in steriodogenesis, IR and glucose metabolism. Among the candidate genes in insulin signaling pathways, RAB5B, a small GTPase involved in vesicle trafficking, significantly impacts cellular pathways in ovarian follicular cells, leading to clinical and endocrine changes among women with PCOS. Additionally, RAB5B is crucial for insulin-mediated glucose uptake and is involved in PI3K, AKT, and MAPK/ERK pathways, affecting LHCGR-stimulated steroidogenesis. Despite extensive research, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying RAB5B mediated IR in PCOS remained elusive.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aimed to explore the potential link between RAB5B gene expression and IR among women with PCOS.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A total of age matched 270 subjects were enrolled in this study including 135 PCOS women and 135 apparently healthy controls. These study participants were subjected to detailed medical history, clinical and physical examination. All subjects were further evaluated for biochemical, hormonal and RAB5B gene expression estimation. Expression levels of RAB5B gene were analyzed using gene-specific primers and the SYBR® Green PCR Kit (Qiagen, Germany) and their qPCR reaction mix, according to the manufacturer's guidelines. Student t-test and ANOVA were used to evaluate the differences in the means of various parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The HOMA-IR (2.28 ± 1.4 vs. 1.36 ± 0.73) was significantly elevated among women with PCOS than controls (p < 0.05). We also found that the QUICKI (0.35 ± 0.04 vs. 0.37 ± 0.04), MATSUDA (12.59 ± 4.71 vs. 15.47 ± 4.33) and FGIR (11.56 ± 7.06 vs. 14.32 ± 8.66) were higher in controls than women with PCOS (p < 0.05). We also observed that women with PCOS had elevated levels of RAB5B mRNA levels when compared with apparently healthy controls. Bivariate correlation analysis among HOMA-IR stratified PCOS and control subjects revealed strong negative correlation between IR⁺ PCOS and IR^- PCOS (r = -0.61, P < 0.05) and IR^- control (r = -0.37, p < 0.05) subjects respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study demonstrated that there is potential link between RAB5B gene expression and IR specifically in the context of IR indices among women with PCOS.</p>","PeriodicalId":11572,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine","volume":" ","pages":"323-329"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between the cumulative exposure to atherogenic index of plasma and risk of cardiometabolic diseases: a prospective cohort study.","authors":"Meixiao Wang, Shihe Liu, Luqing Liu, Xinran Wen, Yicheng Liao, Hongmin Liu, Shouling Wu, Yuntao Wu","doi":"10.1007/s12020-025-04197-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-025-04197-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Plasma atherogenic index is a major risk factor for cardiac metabolic disease, but the long-term effect of high cumAIP on the risk of CMD development is unclear. Therefore, we aimed to determine the effect of cumulative plasma atherogenic index exposure on cardiac metabolic disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 44,603 subjects who participated in the Kailuan Study health examination in 2006, 2008 and 2010, had complete blood lipid data, and had no previous history of CMD or cancer were selected. The cumulative AIP index was calculated as a weighted sum (value × time) of the average AIP index during each time interval. The population was divided into four groups according to the cumAIP quartile level. Cox proportional hazards regression model and restricted cubic spline regression model were used to further analyze the effect of cumAIP on the risk of CMD. Due to the competing risk of death, the traditional Cox model may cause bias on the risk of CMD. Therefore, death was regarded as a competing event, and the Fine-Gray model was used to analyze the difference in the risk of CMD in different cumAIP groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a mean follow-up period of (9.79 ± 2.60) years, 7674 (17.21%) of 44603 participants developed CMD. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, Cox regression analysis showed that compared with group Q1, the risk of CMD in group Q2, Q3, and Q4 increased by 26% (HR = 1.26, 95%CI: 1.17-1.36) and 44% (HR = 1.44, 95%CI: 1.17-1.36), respectively. 95%CI: 1.34-1.55), 83% (HR = 1.83, 95%CI: 1.70-1.96). Each standard deviation increase in the risk of myocardial infarction, revascularization, ischemic stroke, and type 2 diabetes was 1.25 (1.15, 1.36), 1.19 (1.12, 1.26), 1.08 (1.03, 1.13), and 1.35 (1.31, 1.39) for cumAIP, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There was a significant association between high levels of cumAIP exposure and higher risk of CMD. The effect of long-term exposure to high levels of cumAIP on increasing the risk of CMD was more obvious in the low-risk population.</p>","PeriodicalId":11572,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143729259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the prognostic significance of the pre-treatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratios in ¹⁷⁷Lu-DOTATATE PRRT treated patients with advanced metastatic neuroendocrine tumors.","authors":"Mahesh K Padwal, Amir K Nazar, Rahul V Parghane, Sandip Basu, Bhakti Basu","doi":"10.1007/s12020-025-04212-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-025-04212-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the role of pre-treatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) in the prognosis assessment of ¹⁷⁷Lu-DOTATATE Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy (PRRT) treated patients with advanced metastatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eligible PRRT-treated patients (n = 247, 2010-2019) were included. Pre-PRRT NLR and MLR were calculated from complete blood count data. Data on tumor characteristics, response to PRRT, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were evaluated using COXPH analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In NET patients, median values of NLR and MLR were 2.21 (IQR = 1.66-3.00) and 0.14 (IQR = 0.06-0.24), respectively. NLR showed significant positive association with G3 tumors (median = 3.64, IQR = 2.1-4.26, p = 0.022) and high ¹⁸F-FDG avidity (SUVmax>5) (median = 2.5, IQR = 1.82-3.56, p = 0.003). MLR was significantly associated with high disease burden (median = 0.18, IQR = 0.08-0.29, p = 0.0083). MLR distinguished between the PRRT non-responders with progressive disease and responders with complete/partial response (median 0.19 versus 0.12, p = 0.043) or responders with stable disease (median 0.19 versus 0.14, p = 0.045). The ratios independently correlated with disease progression and OS. Patients in NLR^high (>3.5) group displayed significantly shorter median PFS and OS (48 and 58 months) compared to NLR^low (≤3.5) group (108 and 96 months) (p < 0.01). Patients in MLR^high (>0.25) group displayed significantly shorter median PFS and OS (40 and 52 months) compared to MLR^low (≤0.25) group (108 and 102 months) (p < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pre-treatment NLR and MLR had an independent prognostic impact on disease progression and OS in PRRT-treated NET patients. This routine, inexpensive CBC-based test in the standard pre-PRRT workup demonstrates the prognostic value and may aid clinicians in the risk stratification of NET patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":11572,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143708437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of pasireotide in patients with Cushing's disease: a monocentric experience.","authors":"Ylenia Alessi, Angela Alibrandi, Filippo Flavio Angileri, Francesco Ferraù, Salvatore Cannavò","doi":"10.1007/s12020-025-04202-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-025-04202-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Pasireotide is the first pituitary-directed approved therapy for Cushing's disease (CD), effective in reducing 24 h urine free cortisol (UFC) > 50% in more than half of patients, with beneficial effects and with a relatively high incidence of hyperglycemia. The aim of this study was to evaluate efficacy and safety of long-term treatment with pasireotide (PAS) in CD patients, also according to gender.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively evaluated 19 consecutive CD patients (13F; age at diagnosis: 34.9 ± 11.7 yrs) treated with PAS, referred to and followed-up at the Endocrine Unit of the University Hospital of Messina, from 2013 to 2023. We evaluated and compared, in the whole cohort and after gender stratification, anthropometric, clinical, neuroradiological, hormonal and metabolic parameters, along with CD-related comorbidities, before PAS treatment and at last follow-up visit. Side-effects and adverse events related to treatment were also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Under PAS treatment: overall, 52.6% of patients achieved a normalization of UFCxULN from baseline without any difference in terms of UFC reduction and/or response to treatment according to gender; two females out of the 19 patients experienced tumor shrinkage. In the whole cohort, at last follow-up visit as compared to baseline: body weight, BMI, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol were significantly improved, while HbA1c significantly increased. Prevalence of CD-related comorbidities did not change significantly, while the number of patients with IGF-1 SDS below the sex/age adjusted normal range significantly increased. Stratifying patients by sex, at last follow-up visit vs. baseline, we observed lower total and LDL-cholesterol in men and lower waist circumference in women. Most common adverse events were related to hyperglycemia which led to treatment withdrawal in 3 cases, without any gender difference. Response to PAS correlated with younger age at diagnosis, longer duration of disease, lower Hb1Ac levels and absence of diabetes at baseline.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PAS is effective in a significant number of patients with CD, regardless of gender, having a positive impact on lipid profile and on anthropometric parameters. Major adverse events are related to hyperglycemia which is more frequently associated with a worse baseline glycometabolic and lipid profile in both sexes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11572,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143613964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contraceptive use, both oral and parenteral, is associated with increased arterial stiffness in young healthy women.","authors":"Paul Pettersson-Pablo, Torbjörn K Nilsson, Anita Hurtig-Wennlöf","doi":"10.1007/s12020-025-04208-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-025-04208-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Previous studies on the impact on arterial health of contraceptive use, or across the menstrual phases, have yielded differing results. Furthermore, there is little research on the differences based on the delivery method of the contraceptive, oral vs parenteral contraceptives. In this study, we examined arterial health using three different physiological measures of arterial function and structure in contraceptive users and non-users.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Young, healthy women, between 18.0-25.9 years of age were enrolled in the study (n = 577). Menstrual phase and contraceptive use and type were assessed by questionnaire. Arterial stiffness was measured using pulse-wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (AIx). Arterial thickness was measured using carotid-intima media thickness (cIMT). Blood samples were analysed for various biomarkers, which were used in multivariate regressions to adjust for the effects of contraceptive use on vascular status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Contraceptive users had a higher PWV than non-users. The menstrual phase did not impact PWV. In a smaller subgroup analysis, comparing the types of contraceptives, oral or parenteral, did not impact PWV. AIx and cIMT did not differ significantly between any studied groups. Systolic blood pressure, BMI, serum lipids, C-reactive protein, and sex hormone binding globulin concentrations were higher in the contraceptive using group, but in multivariable models, these biomarkers had only limited impact on the association between contraceptive use and PWV.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In a population of young, healthy women, contraceptive users displayed higher PWV values. The effect could not be explained by the effect of contraceptives on androgenicity, blood pressure or lipids.</p>","PeriodicalId":11572,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143613963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic value of deep learning of multimodal imaging of thyroid for TI-RADS category 3-5 classification.","authors":"Tingting Qian, Xuhan Feng, Yahan Zhou, Shan Ling, Jincao Yao, Min Lai, Chen Chen, Jun Lin, Dong Xu","doi":"10.1007/s12020-025-04198-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12020-025-04198-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Thyroid nodules classified within the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data Systems (TI-RADS) category 3-5 are typically regarded as having varying degrees of malignancy risk, with the risk increasing from TI-RADS 3 to TI-RADS 5. While some of these nodules may undergo fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy to assess their nature, this procedure carries a risk of false negatives and inherent complications. To avoid the need for unnecessary biopsy examination, we explored a method for distinguishing the benign and malignant characteristics of thyroid TI-RADS 3-5 nodules based on deep-learning ultrasound images combined with computed tomography (CT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thyroid nodules, assessed as American College of Radiology (ACR) TI-RADS category 3-5 through conventional ultrasound, all of which had postoperative pathology results, were examined using both conventional ultrasound and CT before operation. We investigated the effectiveness of deep-learning models based on ultrasound alone, CT alone, and a combination of both imaging modalities using the following metrics: Area Under Curve (AUC), sensitivity, accuracy, and positive predictive value (PPV). Additionally, we compared the diagnostic efficacy of the combined methods with manual readings of ultrasound and CT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 768 thyroid nodules falling within TI-RADS categories 3-5 were identified across 768 patients. The dataset comprised 499 malignant and 269 benign cases. For the automatic identification of thyroid TI-RADS category 3-5 nodules, deep learning combined with ultrasound and CT demonstrated a significantly higher AUC (0.930; 95% CI: 0.892, 0.969) compared to the application of ultrasound alone AUC (0.901; 95% CI: 0.856, 0.947) or CT alone AUC (0.776; 95% CI: 0.713, 0.840). Additionally, the AUC of combined modalities surpassed that of radiologists'assessments using ultrasound alone AUCmean (0.725；95% CI:0.677, 0.773), CT alone AUCmean (0.617; 95% CI:0.564, 0.669). Deep learning method combined with ultrasound and CT imaging of thyroid can allow more accurate and precise classification of nodules within TI-RADS categories 3-5.</p>","PeriodicalId":11572,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143582185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}