Energy & Environmental Materials最新文献

{"title":"Twenty-Minute Microwave-Enabled Dual-Anion Nickel Sulfoselenide Anodes for High-Capacity Sodium/Potassium-Ion Batteries and Durable Pouch Cells","authors":"Yayun Zheng,&nbsp;Qiu He,&nbsp;Jitao Shang,&nbsp;Shasha Wei,&nbsp;Haoqing Jiang,&nbsp;Zhaohuai Li,&nbsp;Yan Zhao","doi":"10.1002/eem2.70211","DOIUrl":"10.1002/eem2.70211","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nickel-based materials are promising anode candidates for sodium-ion batteries and potassium-ion batteries due to their high theoretical capacities. However, their practical application is hindered by slow ion diffusion kinetics and structural degradation during cycling, resulting in rapid capacity decay. To address these limitations, we developed a sulfur/selenium (S/Se) dual-anion engineering strategy that creates strong interfacial charge redistribution through S²⁻/Se²⁻ synergy, thereby accelerating charge transfer kinetics and stabilizing the electrode-electrolyte interface. Using a one-step microwave-assisted synthesis (20 min), we successfully fabricated NiSSe nanoparticles embedded in nitrogen-doped carbon (NiSSe/N-C). The NiSSe/N-C anode delivers ultrahigh reversible capacities of 1006.2 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.2 A g⁻¹ and 756.4 mAh g⁻¹ at 5 A g⁻¹ over 3000 cycles in sodium-ion batteries, while achieving 530 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.2 A g⁻¹ and 477 mAh g⁻¹ at 1 A g⁻¹ over 200 cycles in potassium-ion batteries. When paired with a NaNi_0.33Fe_0.33Mn_0.33O₂ cathode in a full-cell configuration, the NiSSe/N-C anode enables 96.7% capacity retention after 200 cycles, demonstrating its practicality in pouch cells. This work highlights the dual advantages of microwave-driven rapid synthesis and multi-anion synergy for designing high-performance battery materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":11554,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Materials","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/eem2.70211","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147896755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CeO2/Co3O4 p-n Heterojunction as a Photo-Responsive Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Efficient Zinc-Air Batteries","authors":"Yuling Liu,&nbsp;Taotao Zeng,&nbsp;Chenyu Zhang,&nbsp;Zhanglong He,&nbsp;Mingqing Zuo,&nbsp;Hao He,&nbsp;Zeyan Zhou,&nbsp;Lei Han","doi":"10.1002/eem2.70244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eem2.70244","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The introduction of semiconductor materials as bifunctional oxygen reduction/evolution reaction (ORR/OER) electrodes has been proved as an efficient way to improve the reaction kinetics and reduce the overpotential of ORR/OER during the discharge/charge process of rechargeable zinc-air batteries (RZABs) by combining photochemistry and electrochemistry. Herein, a photo-responsive bifunctional ORR/OER electrocatalyst with CeO₂/Co₃O₄ p-n heterojunction has been constructed by a facile hydrothermal method for RZABs. Under illumination, photogenerated electrons have been demonstrated by the combination of in-situ XPS and in-situ XAS to transfer from Co₃O₄ to CeO₂, whereas the holes are in opposite directions, which is beneficial for the formation of built-in electric field and in turn promoting the separation of photogenerated electron–hole pairs. Benefiting from the unique structural features, the resultant CeO₂/Co₃O₄ exhibits the photo-enhanced ORR/OER performance with half-wave potential of 0.794 V and overpotential of 360 mV at the current density of 10 mA cm⁻² as well as remarkable RZABs performance with the maximum power density of 207.85 mW cm⁻² and good round-trip efficiency under illumination.</p>","PeriodicalId":11554,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Materials","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eem2.70244","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148202955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of B,N Co-Doped Carbon Spheres for Highly Effective Back Interface Engineering in Planar Carbon-Based Perovskite Solar Cells","authors":"Yujie Gao,&nbsp;Chang Xu,&nbsp;Xueze Liu,&nbsp;Chang Zhao,&nbsp;Wanran Zhang,&nbsp;Xuan Li,&nbsp;Yanli Zeng,&nbsp;Mingxing Wu","doi":"10.1002/eem2.70212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eem2.70212","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Carbon-based perovskite solar cells (C-PSCs) are inexpensive and stable, demonstrating great potential for commercial applications. However, the relatively low power conversion efficiency (PCE) stemmed from the poor conductivity of carbon electrodes and the energy level mismatch of the perovskite/carbon back interface are the key obstacles to further development of C-PSCs. In this work, the electronic properties of a carbon electrode are regulated by designing a novel kind of B and N co-doped carbon sphere (BN-CS), resulting in a downshift of the Fermi level, which can minimize the energy level mismatch of the back interface. The optimized energy level alignment of the back interface accelerates the carrier separation, extraction, and transportation processes while effectively inhibiting charge recombination. Consequently, combined with an efficient buried passivation using aminomethylphosphonic acid, the PCE of the C-PSCs is finally enhanced to 18.56%, much higher than that (15.16%) of the pristine C-PSCs without any modification. Furthermore, the stability of the C-PSCs is also enhanced using the synthesized BN-CS with excellent hydrophobicity, and the PCE retention rate is up to 98.2% for the 30-day stability test.</p>","PeriodicalId":11554,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Materials","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eem2.70212","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148202999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bottlenecks-Breaking in Zinc-Iodine Batteries Toward Practical Implementation: A Review and Perspective","authors":"Jialin Yang,&nbsp;Jun-Ming Cao,&nbsp;Dai-Huo Liu,&nbsp;Xing-Long Wu","doi":"10.1002/eem2.70229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eem2.70229","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Aqueous zinc–iodine batteries (Zn–I₂Bs) emerge as promising candidates for grid-scale energy storage due to their inherent safety, low cost, and environmental benignity. However, their practical deployment is hindered by critical challenges, including severe self-discharge driven by coupled polyiodide shutting and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), limited practical energy density constrained by low voltage plateaus and predominantly two-electron iodine redox, sluggish reaction kinetics from complex iodine species interconversion, and zinc anode instability (dendrites, corrosion, passivation). This work provides a comprehensive analysis of Zn–I₂B mechanisms, debating the interplay between iodine's layered structure favoring intercalation and its multivalency enabling conversion reactions, particularly pathways for electron redox beyond I⁻/I₂. Strategies to mitigate these challenges are critically reviewed: anchoring iodine species within tailored host materials (e.g., functionalized carbons, COFs, perovskites) to suppress shuttling; electrolyte engineering (e.g., DES, additives) to sequester free I⁻ and modulate solvation; functional separators/membranes for ion sieving; catalytic materials (transition metal/nonmetal-based) to accelerate kinetics; and anode protection/modification (interfacial layers, hydrogel electrolytes, nonmetallic anodes) to enhance reversibility. The review synthesizes recent advances, identifies persistent bottlenecks, and outlines future research directions essential for realizing the commercial potential of high-performance Zn–I₂Bs.</p>","PeriodicalId":11554,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Materials","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eem2.70229","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148203017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monodisperse High-Entropy Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Encapsulated Within 2D Porous Carbon Sheets for Enhanced Catalytic Activity in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries","authors":"Zeyu Xue,&nbsp;Yuan Gao,&nbsp;Xixi Liu,&nbsp;Fangquan Wang,&nbsp;Yu-Lun Chueh,&nbsp;Chunming Gao,&nbsp;Zexiang Chen,&nbsp;Caijun Zheng,&nbsp;Huifang Lv,&nbsp;Hualiang Wei,&nbsp;Zhiyu Zhou,&nbsp;Yan Wang,&nbsp;Zheng Liu,&nbsp;Yang Zhao,&nbsp;Ruxiang Xu","doi":"10.1002/eem2.70233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eem2.70233","url":null,"abstract":"<p>High-entropy oxides have garnered significant attention as a promising catalyst for lithium–sulfur batteries. However, their development has been hindered by intractable structures and unclear catalytic mechanisms. We conducted simultaneous structural engineering of high-entropy metal oxides nanoparticles embedded in 2D porous carbon sheets (HEO-C) across atomic, nano, and micro scales. In the prepared HEO nanoparticles, we observed and confirmed the presence of numerous ion vacancies, likely resulting from lattice distortions. The presence of these ionic vacancies can furnish supplementary edge adsorption and catalytic sites for lithium polysulfide conversion, and augment catalytic activity through modulation of the d-band center. Furthermore, the high entropy of HEO-C attributes in inducing the rapid dissociation and conversion of long-chain lithium polysulfides, improving redox kinetics. As a result, cells equipped with the HEO-C catalyst exhibited outstanding electrochemical rate performance, delivering 761 mAh g⁻¹ at 3 C, along with excellent cycling stability—retaining 80.44% capacity after 1000 cycles at 1 C. The high surface area of HEO-C facilitates the reduction of inactive components in the cell while preserving the catalytic activity, enhancing the potential for practical application. The assembled pouch cell with the HEO-C catalyst achieved a reversible capacity of 968 mAh g⁻¹ and retained 81.33% of its capacity after 200 cycles at 0.1 C.</p>","PeriodicalId":11554,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Materials","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eem2.70233","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148203079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrolyte Design Strategies for High-Energy-Density Li/Na/K-Metal Batteries Toward Grid-Scale Energy Storage: From Liquid to Solid","authors":"Hui Shao,&nbsp;Zhiwei Ni,&nbsp;Jinkui Feng","doi":"10.1002/eem2.70231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eem2.70231","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The growing demand for grid-scale battery energy storage systems (BESSs) has prompted researchers to turn their attention to alkali metal anodes (particularly lithium, sodium, and potassium), which feature higher capacity and lower potential. As a new system, the design of electrolytes has become a focus of research. However, most studies on alkali metal batteries remain confined to systems with thin cathodes and excess alkali metals, making them difficult to translate into practical applications. This review outlines the current requirements and challenges for grid-scale battery energy storage systems. By clarifying the definitions of the N/P ratios and the relationship between full/half cells, it focuses on the loading of the cathode and the amount of electrolyte. In addition, this review systematically compiles the latest research advances and design strategies in electrolyte technology (ranging from liquid to solid states). By comparing liquid and solid electrolytes, it clarifies the required properties and characteristics of liquid–solid electrolytes in practical battery systems. Finally, it highlights critical challenges and potential future research directions in the field, aiming to facilitate the practical application of Li/Na/K-metal batteries in next-generation grid-scale energy storage systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":11554,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Materials","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eem2.70231","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148203095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constructing Cu/Cu2O Heterogeneous Interface for Efficient Urea Electrosynthesis","authors":"Jiani Liu,&nbsp;Peiyue Jin,&nbsp;Yujing Liu,&nbsp;Tian Cheng,&nbsp;Jianlong Wei,&nbsp;Jingjing Liu,&nbsp;Yiqiong Zhang,&nbsp;Shuangyin Wang","doi":"10.1002/eem2.70235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eem2.70235","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Electrocatalytic coupling of CO₂ and <span></span><math>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msubsup>\u0000 <mi>NO</mi>\u0000 <mn>3</mn>\u0000 <mo>−</mo>\u0000 </msubsup>\u0000 </mrow></math> enables urea synthesis under mild conditions while simultaneously converting greenhouse gases/pollutants, yet suffers from sluggish C–N coupling kinetics and low efficiency. To address this, a novel Cu/Cu₂O catalyst with a high-density heterogeneous interface and 3D crosslinking network structure was constructed. The high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscope reveals the Cu/Cu₂O heterogeneous interface at the atomic scale, showing a distinct contrast discontinuity that defines the metal/metal oxides phase boundary. This unique structure exposes a large number of dual active sites. <i>In-situ</i> attenuated total reflection-surface enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations revealed a space-separated activation mechanism induced by the dual active sites at the heterogeneous interfaces. The electron-deficient Cu site preferentially activates CO₂ to produce *CO, while the electron-rich Cu₂O site dominates <span></span><math>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msubsup>\u0000 <mi>NO</mi>\u0000 <mn>3</mn>\u0000 <mo>−</mo>\u0000 </msubsup>\u0000 </mrow></math> reduction to form *NOH intermediates. The built-in electric field formed at the heterogeneous interface further promotes the efficient C–N coupling of *CO and *NOH, significantly reducing the reaction energy barrier. Electrochemical tests showed Cu/Cu₂O outperformed Cu and Cu₂O in electrocatalytic coupling of CO₂ and <span></span><math>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msubsup>\u0000 <mi>NO</mi>\u0000 <mn>3</mn>\u0000 <mo>−</mo>\u0000 </msubsup>\u0000 </mrow></math> for urea synthesis, achieving a record urea yield rate of 1156.63 mmol g⁻¹ h⁻¹ with 29.67% Faradaic efficiency at −1.0 V (vs RHE).</p>","PeriodicalId":11554,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Materials","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eem2.70235","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148202923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigating Structural Degradation in Hydrated V2O5 for Proton Batteries through Nanoconfinement with a Holey Graphene Matrix","authors":"Usman Ghani,&nbsp;Muhammad Usman Muzaffar,&nbsp;Donglin Wang,&nbsp;Hao Sun,&nbsp;Xingke Cai,&nbsp;Dongqing Liu","doi":"10.1002/eem2.70223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eem2.70223","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Proton-based electrochemistry offers a promising solution to the cost and safety-limited lithium-ion batteries in general and sluggish ion diffusion and poor stability challenges of metal-ion batteries in particular, since it leverages the Grotthuss mechanism for ultrafast transport in aqueous media. Proton insertion accompanied by metal ions has been worked out extensively; however, pure protonation/deprotonation remains underexplored. Here, we report pure protonation/deprotonation in a confined water-containing V₂O₅ wrapped in holey reduced graphene oxide <i>via</i> facile hydrothermal and sonication processes. The as-prepared composite demonstrated stable and efficient electrochemistry by exhibiting excellent capacity (~122 mAh g⁻¹ @ 25 mA g⁻¹) and exceptional stability (over 10 000 cycles at 1 A g⁻¹) with excellent coulombic efficiencies. To our knowledge, this is the first study on pure protonation/deprotonation in V₂O₅, highlighting its potential in highly stable energy storage systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":11554,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Materials","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eem2.70223","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148202982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes From CO2 Enabled by Fe–Mo Bimetallic Catalysts via Effective CO2 Scavenging","authors":"Eunchae Oh,&nbsp;Jaewon Jang,&nbsp;Yoon Kyeung Lee,&nbsp;Junghoon Yang,&nbsp;Byung-Joo Kim,&nbsp;Jungpil Kim","doi":"10.1002/eem2.70257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eem2.70257","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The direct conversion of CO₂ into high-quality carbon nanotubes (CNTs) remains a formidable challenge, primarily due to the oxidation of metal catalyst by the oxidative nature of CO₂. To overcome this limitation, a tandem catalytic system was implemented, in which CO₂ was converted to produce CH₄ on Ni catalysts in the primary reactor, and the CNT was synthesized from CH₄ on an Fe catalyst in the secondary reactor. Nevertheless, unreacted CO₂ was introduced into the secondary reactor, where the Fe catalysts were oxidized and thus failed to produce any solid carbon. To prevent the oxidation of Fe catalysts, a bimetallic Fe–Mo catalyst was employed instead of pure Fe. Mo was partially converted to Mo₂C by reacting with unreacted CO₂, which effectively suppressed the oxidation of Fe, thereby stabilizing the active Fe phase. This transformation was further corroborated by XPS analysis, where the Mo 3d spectra exhibited an increased Mo²⁺ peak intensity, whereas the Fe 2p spectra showed a stronger metallic Fe signal, confirming that Mo incorporation inhibited Fe oxidation. However, excessive Mo loading resulted in the formation of multi-walled CNTs instead of single-walled CNTs, as evidenced by the reduced selectivity toward radial breathing modes in the Raman spectra and the broader diameter distribution observed in TEM measurements. These findings underscore the critical role of Mo in preserving Fe activity under oxidizing conditions and highlight the importance of optimizing its content, as an appropriate Mo level enables the selective synthesis of high-quality single-walled CNTs from CO₂ via a dual-step tandem process.</p>","PeriodicalId":11554,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Materials","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eem2.70257","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148203072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ordered Nanostructural Engineering of Cathode Catalyst Layer With High Mass Transport Efficiency for High-Performance Ultra-Low Pt Loading Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells","authors":"Jia Liu,&nbsp;Chao Hao,&nbsp;Mingjie Lin,&nbsp;Bin Yang,&nbsp;Qinghao Meng,&nbsp;Bowen Yan,&nbsp;Yulu Xie,&nbsp;Pei Kang Shen,&nbsp;Zhi Qun Tian","doi":"10.1002/eem2.70256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eem2.70256","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The order-structured cathode catalyst layer (CCL) has been considered the most promising solution to construct low-cost proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) with an ultra-low Pt loading (&lt;100.0 μg cm⁻²). Herein, the ordered CCL was developed by depositing Pt nanoparticles onto the vertically aligned carbon nanotube film (Pt/VACNTs) via atomic layer deposition. Compared to the disordered CCL prepared by random Pt/CNTs obtained by dispersing Pt/VACNTs, the Pt/VACNTs-ordered CCL is characterized by higher porosity (41.64%) and smaller tortuosity (1.29), leading to a 54% and 53% reduction of oxygen transport resistance and proton transport resistance, respectively. As a result, the cell with Pt/VACNTs-ordered CCL at a Pt loading of 80.0 μg cm⁻² produces the maximum power density of 1.01 W cm⁻² (H₂/Air, 150.0 kPa), much higher than the cell with the same Pt loading Pt/CNTs-disordered CCL (0.69 W cm⁻² at 80.0 μg cm⁻²) and commercial Pt/C CCL (0.77 W cm⁻² at 200.0 μg_Pt cm⁻²). Meanwhile, the Pt/VACNTs-ordered CCL also exhibits a higher durability with only a power density loss of 19.4% and a voltage loss of 29.7 mV at 0.8 A cm⁻² after 30 000 cycles of accelerated stress test, compared with that of Pt/C (a power density loss of 33.2% and a voltage loss of 80.0 mV). This work further identifies the critical role of ordered CCLs in charge and mass transport for developing ultra-low Pt loading PEMFCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":11554,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Materials","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eem2.70256","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148203080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}