EjsoPub Date : 2025-06-09DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2025.110227
Yifan Cheng , Zhen Tian , Jiajie Zhou , Shuai Zhao , Ruiqi Li , Yayan Fu , Jie Wang , Qiannan Sun , Daorong Wang
{"title":"Evaluation of combined tubular gastroesophageal anastomosis and C-shaped flap technique in proximal gastrectomy for gastric cancer: A retrospective propensity score matching analysis","authors":"Yifan Cheng , Zhen Tian , Jiajie Zhou , Shuai Zhao , Ruiqi Li , Yayan Fu , Jie Wang , Qiannan Sun , Daorong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ejso.2025.110227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejso.2025.110227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Proximal gastrectomy (PG) is a functional-preserving surgical option for upper gastric and esophagogastric junction cancers. However, it is associated with a high risk of postoperative gastroesophageal reflux. This study evaluates the safety and effectiveness of combining tubular gastroesophageal (TG) anastomosis with a C-shaped single muscle flap technique to enhance anti-reflux function.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective study was conducted on patients who underwent laparoscopic PG at Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital between June 2021 and June 2024. Patients were divided into two groups: TG alone and TG combined with a C-shaped single muscle flap. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied in a 1:2 ratio to balance baseline characteristics. Clinical outcomes, postoperative complications, and quality of life assessments using the PGSAS-45 questionnaire were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After PSM, 24 patients in the combined group and 48 in the TG group were analyzed. Operative time was significantly longer in the combined group (p < 0.001), but no significant differences were found in intraoperative blood loss, postoperative hospital stay, or complications (p > 0.05). The combined group had a significantly lower incidence of gastroesophageal reflux symptoms, with better scores for esophageal reflux (p = 0.004), dissatisfaction with symptoms (p < 0.001), and dissatisfaction at meals (p = 0.001) compared to the TG group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The combination of TG with a C-shaped single muscle flap significantly reduces postoperative reflux symptoms while maintaining surgical safety. Although it prolongs operative time, the technique provides an effective anti-reflux mechanism and improves postoperative quality of life.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11522,"journal":{"name":"Ejso","volume":"51 9","pages":"Article 110227"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144263256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EjsoPub Date : 2025-06-08DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2025.110223
Liang Cao , Zhijiang Gu , Zhichao Liu , Lianshu Ding
{"title":"Causes of death among patients with primary malignant brain tumors in the US from 2000 to 2021","authors":"Liang Cao , Zhijiang Gu , Zhichao Liu , Lianshu Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.ejso.2025.110223","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejso.2025.110223","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The aim of this study was to characterize the causes of death among patients with primary malignant brain tumors in relation to calendar year, patient age, and time after diagnosis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients diagnosed with 12 types of primary malignant brain tumors between 2000 and 2021 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program. Causes of death, including 25 non-cancer causes, were characterized in relation to calendar year, patient age, and time after diagnosis. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated to determine the relative risk of death compared to the general population.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 96,798 patients in the final cohort, 68,998 died during the follow-up period. Among these, 92.2 % (n = 63,624) died from diagnosed brain tumors, 7.2 % (n = 4946) from non-cancer causes, and 0.6 % (n = 428) from subsequent cancers. The leading non-cancer causes of death were heart diseases (n = 884) and cerebrovascular diseases (n = 365). Patients with malignant meningioma and pilocytic astrocytoma exhibited the highest proportions of non-cancer deaths. The proportion of different causes of death remained stable among patients with glioblastoma from 2000 to 2021, while there was an observed increase in relative non-cancer deaths among patients with other brain tumors. When stratified by age, SMRs for the leading non-cancer causes of death were particularly higher among younger patients. SMRs peaked in the first year following diagnosis for both cancer and most non-cancer deaths. The AUC of 1-year survival prediction was 0.811 (95 % CI: 0.807–0.815) for cancer deaths and 0.682 (95 % CI: 0.678–0.686) for non-cancer deaths. A prediction tool was developed and publicly available for external validation (<span><span>https://malignantbraintumors.shinyapps.io/calculator/</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study provides valuable insights into the causes of death and may inform the development of comprehensive care guidelines aimed at improving patient outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11522,"journal":{"name":"Ejso","volume":"51 8","pages":"Article 110223"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144518999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EjsoPub Date : 2025-06-06DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2025.110222
Zichen Yu , Yuchen Zheng , Kai Wang , Zhengkang Fang , Hao Huang , Zhenyu Gao , Chengfei Du , Chengwu Zhang , Dongsheng Huang , Jungang Zhang , Ying Shi
{"title":"A clinically applicable machine learning model for personalized survival prediction in metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors","authors":"Zichen Yu , Yuchen Zheng , Kai Wang , Zhengkang Fang , Hao Huang , Zhenyu Gao , Chengfei Du , Chengwu Zhang , Dongsheng Huang , Jungang Zhang , Ying Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.ejso.2025.110222","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejso.2025.110222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) carry a poor prognosis. Currently, no validated model exists to accurately predict survival in this population, highlighting the need for effective prognostic tools.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>In this study, we developed and validated a machine learning-based survival prediction model using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The model incorporated ten key prognostic factors, including AJCC TNM stage (T, N, M), tumor grade, primary surgery, non-primary site surgery, chemotherapy, primary site, age, and sex. The eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithm was applied to construct the model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 1430 patients were included in the study. The XGBoost model showed strong predictive performance, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) values of 0.781, 0.747, and 0.741 for 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival, respectively. The model was implemented in a web-based application that delivers real-time, individualized survival estimates to support clinical decision-making and personalized treatment planning.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>By capturing complex interactions among prognostic variables, the model provides accurate survival predictions and supports patient-centered care. It addresses a critical gap in prognostic tools for metastatic pNETs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11522,"journal":{"name":"Ejso","volume":"51 9","pages":"Article 110222"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144263258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EjsoPub Date : 2025-06-06DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2025.110219
Li Zhang , Houying Li , Zhengjun Dai , Fang Zhao , Xiaoxiao Liu , Yifan Yu , Guodong Pang
{"title":"Improved diagnostic decision making for microvascular invasion in HCC using a novel nomogram incorporating delta radiomics and body composition factors: A multicenter study","authors":"Li Zhang , Houying Li , Zhengjun Dai , Fang Zhao , Xiaoxiao Liu , Yifan Yu , Guodong Pang","doi":"10.1016/j.ejso.2025.110219","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejso.2025.110219","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To develop and validate machine learning(ML) models based on delta-radiomics features and body composition factors for early prediction of microvascular invasion(MVI) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) using a multicenter cohort,and to identify differentially expressed genes(DEGs).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study included pathologically-confirmed HCC patients diagnosed at three centers.Radiomic features were extracted from MRI images,and delta-radiomics features were calculated.Clinical-radiological features, body composition factors and delta-radiomics score were selected through various feature selection methods and a nomogram was built based on the independent risk factors.The performance of the nomogram was assessed with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).Recurrence-free survival(RFS) analysis was assessed by the Kaplan-Meier analysis and compared using the log-rank test.Additionally, gene expression analysis was conducted to explore molecular mechanisms underlying MVI.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The nomogram demonstrated numerically superior predictive performance in both external test sets, achieving AUCs of 0.853 (test set1) and 0.852 (test set2). The Delong test revealed the nomogram demonstrated robust predictive performance across both external test set, compared to the clinical model (test set1: 0.853 vs 0.790; test set2: 0.852 vs 0.774; both <em>p</em> < 0.05). No statistically significant difference was observed between the nomogram and delta-radiomics model(<em>p</em> > 0.05).The nomogram's implementation enhanced radiologists' diagnostic accuracy for MVI by up to 13.4 percentage points.The nomogram can categorize recurrence-free survival.DEGs associated with MVI are related to cell proliferation and glucose metabolism.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The ML models established via body composition factors and delta-radiomics scores had the best performance to predict MVI status,and help improve the diagnostic capability of radiologists.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11522,"journal":{"name":"Ejso","volume":"51 9","pages":"Article 110219"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144263257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EjsoPub Date : 2025-06-06DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2025.110215
Huma Javaid , Ivan Marin , Jessica Montalvan , Logan Healy , Chandandeep Nagi , Brian A. Menegaz , Elizabeth Bonefas , Stacey A. Carter , Alastair M. Thompson , Pabel A. Miah
{"title":"Current options and future perspectives for margin assessment in breast conservation surgery","authors":"Huma Javaid , Ivan Marin , Jessica Montalvan , Logan Healy , Chandandeep Nagi , Brian A. Menegaz , Elizabeth Bonefas , Stacey A. Carter , Alastair M. Thompson , Pabel A. Miah","doi":"10.1016/j.ejso.2025.110215","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejso.2025.110215","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Cancer free margins from breast conservation surgery (BCS) are essential to avoid re-excision procedures, minimize risk of local recurrence, and for adjuvant therapy without delay. Approximately 20–25 % of patients who undergo BCS require additional procedures to remove residual disease, suggesting an ongoing need for effective intraoperative margin assessment. Intraoperative pathology assessment by frozen sections and cytology yields high diagnostic accuracy, but is time-consuming, resource-intensive, and evaluates limited sampling points. Alternative technologies provide more rapid results but are limited by relatively low sensitivity. Technologies in development show promise for diagnostic accuracy but remain to be proven in clinical practice. The objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive summary of current margin assessment methods for surgeons to utilize in the intraoperative setting.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study reviewed scientific literature from January 2009 to December 2022 consisting of 40 manuscripts of current and proposed intraoperative margin assessment techniques for BCS from PubMed and Google Scholar. Overall, eight current technologies and ten technologies under development were evaluated based on the type of technology employed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Pathologic evaluation with cytology had the highest sensitivity and specificity with 97 % and 99 % respectively. Technologies utilizing bioimpedance spectroscopy had sensitivities ranging from 13 % to 87 %. Mass spectrometry devices had sensitivities ranging from 80 % to 100 % and specificities ranging from 84 % to 98.85 %. Other technologies including optical coherence tomography, pharmacology, and X-ray combined technologies had sensitivities of 93 %–96 %, 49.3 %–98 %, and 56 %–85.6 % respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The effectiveness in lowering re-excision rates derived from their respective advantages, limitations, sensitivity, and specificity were reviewed and have yet to replace pathologic assessment. Appropriate and effective intraoperative margin assessment would lower final positive margins and subsequent re-excision rates in BCS. Surgeons should utilize technology based on availability and experience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11522,"journal":{"name":"Ejso","volume":"51 9","pages":"Article 110215"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144470967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EjsoPub Date : 2025-06-06DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2025.110221
Giri Krishnan , Aidan Cousins , Shridhar Krishnan , Deepak Dhatrak , Angela Walls , Andrew Dwyer , Nynke van den Berg , Eben Rosenthal , Anil Shetty , James Badlani , John-Charles Hodge , Suren Krishnan , Andrew Foreman , Benjamin Thierry
{"title":"Mannose-labelled magnetic nanoparticles for sentinel lymph node biopsy in oral squamous cell carcinoma: Initial results from a phase 1 clinical trial","authors":"Giri Krishnan , Aidan Cousins , Shridhar Krishnan , Deepak Dhatrak , Angela Walls , Andrew Dwyer , Nynke van den Berg , Eben Rosenthal , Anil Shetty , James Badlani , John-Charles Hodge , Suren Krishnan , Andrew Foreman , Benjamin Thierry","doi":"10.1016/j.ejso.2025.110221","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejso.2025.110221","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) can stage neck disease in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) with less morbidity than elective neck dissection (END) but is not widely practised because of inherent limitations associated with conventional radiotracers. This study evaluated the feasibility of a next generation magnetic technique.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A phase 1 prospective clinical trial was conducted, recruiting patients with cN0 OSCC. “FerroTrace”, a mannose-labelled iron oxide nanoparticle, was injected peritumourally. Patients underwent MRI with pseudo-dynamic and static sequences prior to SLNB aided by handheld magnetometer probe. SLNs were sent for serial-sectioning and patients underwent END in the same procedure as standard of care.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Eight patients were enrolled with T2 lesions located in the tongue (4/8), retromolar trigone (3/8) or floor of mouth (1/8). An average of 4.1 ± 1.5 (n = 33) magnetic LNs per patient were identified via magnetometer probe during surgery, which included SLNs identified on preoperative MRI (2.6 ± 1.4; n = 21). An additional 24.6 ± 10.5 (n = 197) LNs per patient were removed as part of standard of care END. One magnetic LN was confirmed pN+, with all remaining magnetic and END LNs pN0. No adverse events were recorded.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study demonstrates the procedural feasibility of a novel magnetic approach to SLNB in OSCC using a first-in-human magnetic tracer. These promising early results lay the foundation for an attractive next generation technique, and holds significant potential to increase adoption of SLNB in the complex head and neck lymphatic environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11522,"journal":{"name":"Ejso","volume":"51 9","pages":"Article 110221"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144470968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Extensive cytoreductive surgery in stage IV ovarian cancer may not be a justified treatment strategy","authors":"Nina Groes Kofoed , Henrik Falconer , Ulrika Joneborg , Matteo Bottai , Sahar Salehi","doi":"10.1016/j.ejso.2025.110207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejso.2025.110207","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Complete macroscopic surgical cytoreduction improves survival in advanced ovarian cancer. However, our previous results suggest that the survival benefits of aggressive surgery to achieve complete macroscopic resection may vary across different subgroups. This study aimed to identify a potential poor-prognosis subgroup among patients with complete macroscopic resection.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>This cohort study included all patients with advanced ovarian cancer who underwent complete macroscopic resection in a public and centralized health care system setting. Two 3-year cohorts were compared: pre-implementation (cohort 1, <em>n</em> = 101) and post-implementation (cohort 2, <em>n</em> = 172) of a very high surgical proficiency setting. Overall survival was compared by relative risks (RR) stratified by stage and surgical extent. Cox regression estimated hazard ratios (HR) adjusted for relevant covariates.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In patients with stage IV, median survival was 33 (cohort 2) <em>vs</em> 47 months (cohort 1), 7-year RR 1.01 (95 % CI 0.78 to 1.31). When extensive surgery was required in stage IV median survival was 27 (cohort 2) <em>vs</em> 58 months (cohort 1), 5-year RR 0.91 (95 % CI 0.81 to 1.01).</div><div>By contrast, in stage III, median survival was 93 (cohort 2) <em>vs</em> 59 (cohort 1) months, 7-year RR 0.76 (95 % CI 0.59 to 0.98), with the greatest difference when less extensive surgery was required; Not reached <em>vs</em> 65 months, 7-year RR 0.62 (95 % CI, 0.43 to 0.88). Adjusted analysis confirmed improved survival in cohort 2 only after less extensive surgery, HR 0.56 (95 % CI, 0.33–0.95).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The implementation of a very high surgical proficiency setting was not associated with improved survival in patients with stage IV despite complete macroscopic resection, as opposed to patients with stage III.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11522,"journal":{"name":"Ejso","volume":"51 9","pages":"Article 110207"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144195834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EjsoPub Date : 2025-06-02DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2025.110206
Faye Lewis, Mark P Ward, Feras Abu Saadeh, John J O'Leary, Sharon A O'Toole
{"title":"Reply to: In reference to \"A pilot study evaluating the feasibility of enriching and detecting circulating tumour cells from peripheral and ovarian veins in rare epithelial ovarian carcinomas\".","authors":"Faye Lewis, Mark P Ward, Feras Abu Saadeh, John J O'Leary, Sharon A O'Toole","doi":"10.1016/j.ejso.2025.110206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejso.2025.110206","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11522,"journal":{"name":"Ejso","volume":" ","pages":"110206"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144293545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}