Ecotoxicology最新文献

{"title":"Exposure of zebrafish larvae to bisphenol A, bisphenol S, di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, and di-(2-ethylhexyl) adipate induces oxidative stress, resulting in hepatotoxicity and disruption in lipid metabolism.","authors":"Yunji Lee, Kijeong Yun, Kyunghee Ji","doi":"10.1007/s10646-025-02950-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-025-02950-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS), di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and di-(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DEHA) are commonly used in plastic materials. Liver and lipid metabolism have been identified as being affected by these compounds but are primarily limited to rodents. In this study, hepatotoxicity and disruption in lipid metabolism of BPA, BPS, DEHP, and DEHA were assessed using zebrafish larvae as a model. After 96 h of exposure to BPA (0.13 ~ 1314 nM), BPS (0.11 ~ 1198 nM), DEHP (0.07 ~ 768 nM), and DEHA (0.08 ~ 809 nM) of test chemicals in water, zebrafish embryos were assessed for survival, growth, activities of liver enzymes including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), triglyceride (TG) level, reactive oxidative stress (ROS), and transcription of genes related to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), endoplasmic reticulum stress, and antioxidant enzymes. Growth retardation and significant increase in ALT and AST were observed in zebrafish larvae exposed to BPA, BPS, DEHP, and DEHA. Exposure to the test chemicals significantly increased ROS and the expression of chop, xbp1, eif2a, sod1, cat, and gpx1a genes. Pretreatment with N-acetylcysteine, one of the representative antioxidants, alleviated ALT and TG induced by the tested chemicals. Our results showed that BPA, DEHP and their substituted compounds caused oxidative stress and adversely affected the liver and lipid metabolism in zebrafish, leading to growth retardation. The results may provide new insights into the risk management of bisphenols and phthalates alternatives to aquatic organisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":11497,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of antibiotics on zooplankton reproduction: a review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Mathias Ahii Chia, Adriana Sturion Lorenzi, Yusuf Ibrahim Okpanachi, Micheline Kézia Cordeiro-Araújo, Lucélia Cabral, Mayara Oliveira Sousa Rodrigues, Maria Onma Onaji, Raymond Sunday Ezenweani, Regina Anya Otogo, Zainab Abdullahi Ibrahim","doi":"10.1007/s10646-025-02953-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-025-02953-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11497,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavioral, regenerative, and reproductive responses of Girardia tigrina to imidacloprid exposure.","authors":"Aline Arantes de Oliveira, Thays Millena Alves Pedroso, Andreia C M Rodrigues, Daniela de Melo E Silva, Renato Almeida Sarmento, Suzana Maria Loures de Oliveira Marcionílio, Hellem Victoria Ribeiro Dos Santos, Aline Silvestre Pereira Dornelas, Althiéris de Souza Saraiva","doi":"10.1007/s10646-025-02943-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-025-02943-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluates the acute and chronic toxicity of imidacloprid (IMI), a neonicotinoid insecticide (NNI) commonly used worldwide, on the non-target planarian Girardia tigrina. The research is motivated by the frequent detection of IMI in aquatic ecosystems near agricultural areas, raising concerns about its adverse effects on non-target organisms. Acute toxicity was assessed by exposing planarians to IMI (Imidagold 700 WG®) at concentrations ranging from 50 mg a.i./L to 527 mg a.i./L, resulting in a 48-h LC₅₀ value of 94.29 mg a.i./L. Chronic toxicity (8-day exposure - locomotion and regeneration, 4 weeks - reproduction), was evaluated using IMI concentrations ranging from 100-1600 μg a.i./L. The results demonstrated a significant reduction in locomotion and a delay in the regeneration of photoreceptors and auricles at concentrations of 200 μg a.i./L. Cumulative reproduction (fecundity) was significantly impacted at concentrations of 100 μg a.i./L. In summary, this study highlights the significant impact of NNIs, specifically IMI, on the non-target planarian G. tigrina. Sublethal effects on behavior, regeneration, and reproduction of planarians highlight the potential risks that NNIs pose to freshwater invertebrates. The results suggest possible disruptions in planarian populations, emphasizing the need for multigenerational and population-level studies. Additionally, the observed effects emphasize the need for further research into detoxification mechanisms and adaptive responses in planarians to better understand the long-term consequences of continuous IMI exposure on population dynamics.</p>","PeriodicalId":11497,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of pesticide contamination and related ecotoxicological risks in soils of the Loukkos area (Larache, Morocco).","authors":"Ahmed Bagayou, Ahlem Hamdache, Yassine Diane, Mohammed Ezziyyani","doi":"10.1007/s10646-025-02947-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-025-02947-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The intensive use of pesticides in the province of Larache results in soil contamination, which negatively impacts microbial communities and non-target organisms, including key soil species such as earthworms. The present study is the first in the region to combine measurements of environmental concentrations of pesticides with an ecological risk assessment for the Loukkos agroecosystem. Two approaches were used to assess and characterize the potential ecotoxicological risks of the 11 pesticide residues detected: the Risk Quotient (RQ) and the Toxicity-exposure ratio (TER). Fenamiphos and chlorpyrifos ethyl were the most frequently detected pesticides, with concentrations ranging from 0.072-0.229 and 0.010-0.023 mg/kg, respectively. These concentrations are particularly high, especially for fenamiphos. The RQ and TER values revealed high ecological risk and an intolerable level of risk for some pesticides, particularly cypermethrin and fenamiphos, with RQ values reaching up to 26.200 and 46.780, respectively, in certain locations. These two compounds pose potential risks to earthworms. The other molecules exhibited low to moderate risk levels. Overall, the pesticides detected in soil samples showed varying levels of risk to earthworms, mainly attributed to organophosphate compounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":11497,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of Ceriodaphnia silvestrii Daday, 1902 (Crustacea, Cladocera) as a test organism in ecotoxicological studies in neotropical environments.","authors":"Livia Rocha da Silva, Laís Conceição Menezes da Silva, Thandy Junio da Silva Pinto, Evaldo Luiz Gaeta Espíndola, Allan Pretti Ogura","doi":"10.1007/s10646-025-02951-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-025-02951-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ceriodaphnia silvestrii Daday, 1902 (Crustacea, Cladocera) is a freshwater microcrustacean endemic to South America that has gained increasing recognition as a valuable model organism in ecotoxicological research. Its sensitivity to a wide range of environmental contaminants, coupled with its ecological relevance in tropical freshwater systems, makes it an ideal candidate for laboratory-based bioassays. This systematic review synthesizes peer-reviewed studies involving C. silvestrii retrieved from six scientific databases (Scielo, Scopus, Springer Link, Taylor & Francis, Web of Science, and USEPA), covering publications from 1998 through May 2025. The selected literature highlights its application in acute and chronic assays, encompassing multiple contaminant classes-including pesticides, metals, nitrogen compounds, and pharmaceuticals-as well as diverse endpoints, from survival and reproduction to behavioural and physiological responses. In Brazil, national standards such as ABNT NBR 12713 and NBR 13373 formalize the use of C. silvestrii in toxicity testing, supporting efforts to standardize methodologies. Environmental and experimental variables (e.g., temperature, pH, chemical mixtures) were also shown to modulate organism responses. This review reinforces the use of C. silvestrii as a solid bioindicator for ecological risk assessments in neotropical regions. Studies should not only rely on temperate species such as Daphnia magna, but incorporate native species to improve the environmental relevance of ecotoxicological evaluations.</p>","PeriodicalId":11497,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of thiamethoxam on Folsomia candida and Hypoaspis aculeifer in artificial and natural soils.","authors":"Milena Cristina Azevedo Gloria, Juliane Gomes da Silva, Pedro Henrique do Nascimento-Silva, Renato de Almeida Sarmento, Grasiele Soares Cavallini, Vanessa Bezerra de Menezes-Oliveira","doi":"10.1007/s10646-025-02945-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10646-025-02945-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neonicotinoid insecticides are widely used in agriculture due to their effectiveness in controlling pests. However, their non-selective nature also affects non-target organisms, such as collembolans and mites, which play essential ecological roles and are highly sensitive to environmental changes. This study assessed the toxicity of thiamethoxam (TMX) on the survival and reproduction of the springtail Folsomia candida and the predatory mite Hypoaspis aculeifer in both an artificial (Tropical Artificial Soil - TAS) and a natural soil (Petric Plinthosol - FFc). Soils were spiked with the commercial insecticide CRUISER® 350 FS (35% thiamethoxam). Seven concentrations were tested for F. candida (0.13-1.42 mg/kg dry soil) and six concentrations for H. aculeifer (1-400 mg/kg dry soil), based on the organisms' sensitivities and recommended doses (RD) for use in sunflower crops (Syngenta, 2025). Thiamethoxam significantly affected both species. Folsomia candida demonstrated greater sensitivity than H. aculeifer. In both cases, toxicity was more pronounced in FFc. A 50% reduction in F. candida reproduction occurred at 0.8 mg TMX/kg dry soil in FFc, whereas in TAS, the same reduction was observed only at 1.6 mg TMX/kg dry soil. Besides, the concentration affecting springtails in FFc was three times lower than the mentioned RD. These findings underscore the influence of soil types on insecticide toxicity and highlight the importance of assessing pesticides impacts in different soils. Furthermore, testing multiple soil organisms enhances the ecological relevance of toxicity studies, contributing to understanding pesticide impacts on soil communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":11497,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144872002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re-evaluation of recommended insecticides for resistance development, cross-resistance pattern, and underlying mechanisms in Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).","authors":"Salman Ahmad, Khursheed Muzammil, Saba Siddiqui, Fazil Hasan","doi":"10.1007/s10646-025-02948-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-025-02948-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rise of insecticide resistance threatens biodiversity and agricultural sustainability as insects develop mechanisms like enhanced detoxification to withstand toxic exposures. This study assessed resistance levels of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) populations from various regions of India to emamectin benzoate, indoxacarb, spinetoram, and lambda-cyhalothrin, and investigated the role of detoxification enzymes in resistance. Field populations showed variable susceptibility, with negligible resistance to emamectin benzoate, indoxacarb, and spinetoram. Among the tested H. armigera populations, the MaY strain exhibited the highest resistance levels, especially to lambda-cyhalothrin (RR = 45.05), while the KaB and AnN strains showed moderate resistance, and the UtJ, MaS, and RaJ strains remained largely susceptible. Cross-resistance analysis revealed strong resistance in the MaY strain to pyrethroids (RR = 41.06-48.06) but negligible cross-resistance to diamides and broflanilide (RR ≈ 1), with heatmap correlations confirming class-specific resistance patterns. Synergist bioassays showed that piperonyl butoxide (PBO) and triphenyl phosphate (TPP) significantly increased lambda-cyhalothrin toxicity in the MaY strain (up to 9.44-fold), highlighting the involvement of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYP-450) and carboxylesterases (CarE) in metabolic resistance. Detoxification enzyme activity varied significantly between body tissues, with the fat-body showing the highest CYP-450 and CarE levels in the resistant MaY strain. Synergist treatment markedly reduced these activities (Synergistic ratio up to 6.85), especially in fat-bodies, indicating their major role in metabolic resistance. These findings emphasize the urgent need for region-specific resistance monitoring and the integration of synergists and insecticides with novel modes of action to sustain effective control of H. armigera and delay resistance development.</p>","PeriodicalId":11497,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144872003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liver toxicity in Nile tilapia fish exposed to lithium: oxidative lipidomics and histopathological features.","authors":"Feriel Ghribi, Imene Chetoui, Safa Bejaoui, Dalya Belhassen, Wafa Trabelsi, Chaima Ben Fayala, Samir Boubaker, Rym Baati, Nejla Soudani","doi":"10.1007/s10646-025-02934-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-025-02934-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lithium (Li) has emerged as a significant environmental pollutant due to its increasing use in electric vehicle batteries, renewable energy storage, and electronics. This study aimed to assess the potential toxic effects of Li exposure (5, 10, and 25 mg/L of Li) over 48 h on lipid peroxidation, fatty acid composition (FA), oxidative status and histopathological alterations in the liver tissue of Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia). Li exposure triggered oxidative stress in the liver of Nile tilapia fish, as demonstrated by increased levels of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH), and malondialdehyde (MDA). This was accompanied by significant biochemical alterations, including elevated activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST), alongside a reduction in reduced glutathione (GSH) levels. Furthermore, exposure to Li led to increased glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and protein carbonyl (PCO) content, reflecting intensified oxidative damage and protein oxidation. A significant reduction in saturated fatty acids (SFA) was observed, coupled with an increase in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in all Li-treated fish. Notably, there was a substantial rise in n-3 PUFA levels, particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6n-3), which correlated with increased activity of Δ4 and Δ5 desaturases. Additionally, levels of n-6 PUFAs, especially arachidonic acid (ARA, C20:4n-6) and its precursor linoleic acid (LA, C18:2n-6), were significantly elevated. Histopathological examination revealed significant tissue damage and abnormalities in the liver, further confirming the biochemical changes observed. These findings suggest that O. niloticus can adapt to Li-induced stress by modulating its lipid metabolism to maintain membrane integrity. This study provides new insights into the mechanisms of Li toxicity and highlights the fatty acid profile as a sensitive and valuable biomarker for environmental risk assessment in aquatic ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":11497,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144834510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron oxide nanoparticles (γ-Fe₂O₃) combined with microcystin-LR induce severe histopathological damage with potential for recovery in the intestinal tissue of Poecilia reticulata.","authors":"Lucas Camilo Moraes Alves, João Marcos de Lima-Faria, Milena Lima Brito, Jascieli Carla Bortolini, Bruno Oliveira Silva Duran, Simone Maria Teixeira de Sabóia-Morais","doi":"10.1007/s10646-025-02946-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-025-02946-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Iron oxide nanoparticles (γ-Fe₂O₃) (IONPs) have been explored for environmental remediation, particularly in removing cyanotoxins caused by eutrophication in aquatic systems. This study assessed the intestinal toxicity of microcystin-LR (MIC-LR), a hepatotoxic cyanotoxin, and maghemite-type IONPs, both alone and in combination, in adult female Poecilia reticulata. A total of 300 fish were divided into five groups: control, Fe³⁺ ions (IFe, 0.3 mg/L), IONPs (0.3 mg/L), MIC-LR (1 µg/L), and IONPs + MIC-LR (0.3 mg/L and 1 µg/L, respectively). Environmentally relevant concentrations were used, based on regulatory guidelines and recent ecotoxicological literature. Exposure lasted 14 days, followed by a 14-day post-exposure period in reconstituted water. Intestinal samples were collected on days 3, 7, and 14 of both phases for histological analysis, calculating progressive (HIp), regressive (HIr), and total (HIt) histopathological indices. The histopathological indices on all days of exposure and post-exposure showed a p-value < 0.05, indicating the significant difference in the number of pathologies between the groups and the experimental effects. MIC-LR and IFe groups exhibited severe early damage (day 3), while IONPs-treated groups showed significantly milder effects. On day 7, intestinal lesions worsened in the IFe and MIC-LR groups, while IONPs alone or combined with MIC-LR continued to limit damage. Partial recovery was observed during the post-exposure phase. This study addresses a critical knowledge gap, as few investigations have evaluated the intestinal toxicity of MIC-LR or maghemite-type IONPs, particularly in combination, in addition to being a current topic. These current and relevant data provide new insight into the sublethal effects of environmental pollutants, reinforcing the importance of assessing extrahepatic biomarkers. The findings have direct implications for ecotoxicology and public health, given the global increase in nanoparticle use and cyanotoxin contamination.</p>","PeriodicalId":11497,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144811952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Levels of pesticide residues in sediment and soils of Fogera district, Northwestern Ethiopia: indications of some risks to local biota.","authors":"Abebaw Abaineh, Dessalegn Ejigu, Minaleshewa Atlabachew, Balew Yibel Zeleke, Eshete Dejen, Gashaw Tilahun, Kidanemariam Teklay Hilawea","doi":"10.1007/s10646-025-02944-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-025-02944-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to analyze pesticide residues in the sediments and soils of Fogera District, Ethiopia, to evaluate the risks posed to organisms that dwell in these environments. A total of 7 sediments from rivers, canals and ponds, and 13 soil samples from irrigated farmlands were collected from April to June 2023 using a cross-sectional study design. The samples were collected from 0-8 cm depth in both sediments and soils using scoops and spoons. Analytes were prepared following the buffered procedures, extracted following the Quick, Effective, Cheap, Rugged, and Safe (QuEChERS) method and extracts were analyzed using the triple quad gas chromatography-mass spectrometry technique. Twenty-seven pesticides were identified and quantified both in the sediment and soil samples. More than 85% of the pesticide residues in the sediment and soil samples were organochlorines and organophosphates. The concentrations of the organochlorine and organophosphate pesticides in sediments ranged from ND to 9.94 µg/kg and ND to 12.12 µg/kg, respectively. Similarly, the concentration of the organochlorine and organophosphate pesticides in the soil samples ranged from ND to 13.69 µg/kg and ND to 10.70 µg/kg, respectively. Though the mean concentration difference between the pesticide residues in the sediment and soil samples was insignificant (t (18) = -0.871, p = 0.395), the risks of pesticide residues in sediments to aquatic biota were much higher than those in the soil biota. Of the 27 pesticides detected in sediments, 24 of them pose a higher risk and 1 moderate risk to aquatic biota. The risk quotients of Endrin aldehyde and Endrin ketone in sediments were not calculated due to the lack of endpoint concentrations. In a general case scenario, the risk quotients of the pesticides ranged from 0.80 (Para-methyl) to 21086.43 (Deltamethrin) in sediments and from 0.001 (Malathion) to 17.689 (Profenofos) in soils. The pesticide residues in sediments and soils might pose adverse effects on the biota of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Therefore, a transparent pesticide supply chain and deploying qualified experts to monitor and inspect the types of pesticides in use and the pesticide application practices, detail studies on the level of toxicities of the commonly applied pesticides to the biota of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, and enforcing the pesticide laws are required to reduce the adverse effects of pesticides.</p>","PeriodicalId":11497,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144798489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}