Ecotoxicology最新文献

{"title":"Microplastic-associated toxicants in the Nile River: a scoping review of bioaccumulation and health risks.","authors":"Asmaa Mohammad Moawad, Omar Haytham, Amal Salama Mahmoud Mahmoud","doi":"10.1007/s10646-026-03146-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10646-026-03146-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microplastics (MPs) are known to carry toxic compounds in aquatic ecosystems, but information about the Nile River remains scattered. This review consolidates the current knowledge of MPs and related toxic substances in the Nile River, with a focus on bioaccumulation, transfer through the food chain, and dangers to aquatic life and human consumers. A systematic search of five databases from 2010 to 2026 identified 50 relevant studies. MPs, mainly polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene fibres, were found in Nile water (2.24 to 3.76 particles/L), sediments (up to 520 particles/kg), and organisms, with more than 75% of the fish sampled from the Nile River in Cairo containing MPs. Seasonal variations resulted in higher concentrations during summer. Experiments have demonstrated the uptake of MPs and their role in transporting heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants (POPs), antibiotics, and plastic additives, increasing ecotoxicological risks. Aquatic organisms exhibit toxic effects such as oxidative stress, immune suppression, slowed growth, and reproductive problems. Although data on human health are limited, MPs and their toxic cargo have been linked worldwide to tissue buildup, inflammation, and gene damage, raising concerns for people relying on the Nile River. Despite these findings, knowledge gaps remain, especially regarding trophic transfer, biomagnification, and some health outcomes in Nile populations. This review emphasizes the need for standardized monitoring, better waste management, and targeted cleanup efforts. To our knowledge, this is the first review to specifically focus on MP-related toxicants in the Nile River, paving the way for future research in ecology and public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":11497,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology","volume":"35 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149148034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dichlofluanid in tropical marine bivalves exposed to water and spiked sediments: an assessment of biomarker responses.","authors":"Ana Carolina Feitosa Cruz, Paloma Kachel Gusso-Choueri, Guacira de Figueiredo Eufrásio Pauly, Bruno Galvão de Campos, Fernando César Perina, Ítalo Braga de Castro, Denis Moledo de Souza Abessa","doi":"10.1007/s10646-026-03164-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-026-03164-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antifouling paints have been used to control biofouling on submerged surfaces for decades. They contain biocidal compounds that may be released into the environment and harm aquatic ecosystems; however, their effects on tropical organisms are little known. Dichlofluanid, or N-dichlorofluoromethythio-N',N'-dimethyl-N-phenylsulfamide (C₉H₁₁Cl₂FN₂O₂S₂), is a biocide present in antifouling paints and its toxicity to tropical marine organisms is poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dichlofluanid at the cellular and biochemical levels in bivalves exposed to seawater and sediment contaminated with this biocide, considering sediments with two different concentrations of organic matter. Aqueous-phase tests were performed using the mussel Perna perna, and tests with sediments were performed using the clam Anomalocardia flexuosa. Then, cellular and biochemical biomarkers were analyzed. The neutral red retention time assay (NRRT), a cellular biomarker, was assessed only in mussels, while biochemical biomarkers (DNA damage, LPO, GSH, and activities of GST, GPx, EROD, and AChE) were analyzed in both organisms. Particle size, calcium carbonate content, and organic matter analyses were also conducted on the sediments. At higher concentrations, the NRRT assay showed effects on mussel hemocytes, indicating a loss of lysosomal stability. Mussels also showed changes in the biochemical biomarkers of the digestive glands and gills. In clams exposed to sediment, adverse effects occurred in both organs and were more evident in animals exposed to sediments with higher levels of organic matter. Our study demonstrated that dichlofluanid can affect marine bivalves at realistic environmental concentrations and that organic matter may contribute to dichlofluanid exposure to clams.</p>","PeriodicalId":11497,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology","volume":"35 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13630793/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149105308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth and chlorophyll-a responses of marine microalgae to biodegradable polypropylene microplastic leachates: an initial toxicity assessment.","authors":"Nur Aini Azizah, Aida Sartimbul, Endang Yuli Herawati, Sandi Permadi, Budhi Gunadharma Gautama, Yeti Darmayati, Johan Risandi, Dwi Hindarti","doi":"10.1007/s10646-026-03157-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-026-03157-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biodegradable plastics are increasingly promoted as alternatives to conventional plastics; however, their degradation may release leachates containing potentially harmful compounds. Complementary field observations on microplastic occurrence along Indonesian coasts underscore the environmental relevance of this study. In marine environments, such leachates may affect algal communities. This study evaluated the toxicity of leachates derived from biodegradable polypropylene (PP) microplastics on three marine microalgal species (Chlorella sp., Tetraselmis sp., and Navicula sp.). Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis confirmed the polymer identity of the biodegradable PP material used in the experiments. Toxicity assays were conducted under controlled laboratory conditions following 96 h exposure. Growth was assessed based on changes in cell density, and chlorophyll-a content was measured for species exhibiting significant inhibition. Preliminary range finder tests revealed species-specific responses. Navicula sp. did not exhibit clear concentration-dependent inhibition and was therefore excluded from the definitive test. Definitive testing was conducted on Chlorella sp. and Tetraselmis sp., both of which showed concentration-dependent growth inhibition. Chlorella sp. exhibited the highest sensitivity (IC₅₀-96 h = 0.49 mg L⁻¹), followed by Tetraselmis sp. (IC₅₀-96 h = 37.84 mg L⁻¹). These findings indicate that biodegradable polypropylene microplastic leachates can induce measurable sublethal effects in marine microalgae, supporting the need for further long term ecotoxicological evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":11497,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology","volume":"35 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149105682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microplastic toxicity in marine microalgae: an ecotoxicological synthesis of experimental biological responses.","authors":"Nágela Gardênia Rodrigues Santos, Késsia Fernanda Brito Pinho, Itala de Cassia Sousa Reis, Ricardo Luvizotto-Santos, Marianna Basso Jorge","doi":"10.1007/s10646-026-03181-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-026-03181-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As a pervasive form of marine pollution, microplastics (MPs) are widely distributed across coastal and oceanic systems, raising concerns about their ecological impacts. This review provides an evidence-based synthesis of microplastic-microalgae interactions, integrating physiological responses and associated toxicity pathways. Marine microalgae are particularly relevant in this context because they constitute the foundation of marine food webs and play a central role in primary productivity and global biogeochemical cycling. This study synthesizes experimental ecotoxicological evidence on the effects of microplastics on marine microalgae, with the aim of identifying dominant toxicity endpoints and key knowledge gaps relevant to ecotoxicological evaluation. Publications indexed in Web of Science and Scopus from 1970 to August 2025 were systematically screened, resulting in 59 selected publications, of which 43 experimental studies met the criteria for the comparative ecotoxicological synthesis. The analysis revealed a rapid expansion of research on microplastic-microalgae interactions, with experimental studies predominantly investigating polystyrene and polyethylene, across a broad range of particle sizes. The most frequently investigated biological responses included growth/population parameters, cellular stress and damage indicators, and photosynthetic responses. Despite this progress, several ecologically relevant endpoints and processes remain insufficiently investigated, including aggregate formation, particle sinking dynamics, DNA damage, and long-term exposure under environmentally realistic conditions. Furthermore, most experimental studies rely on short-term laboratory assays using simplified exposure scenarios, which may limit the ecological relevance of current knowledge. Taken together, the available evidence highlights key research priorities and outlines directions for improving experimental ecotoxicological studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11497,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology","volume":"35 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13630796/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149105685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From plastic to pathophysiology: polyethylene (PE) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) microplastics disrupt fish blood, metabolism, and growth.","authors":"Neeti Arya, Jumman Bakhasha, Vaishnavi Saxena, Gaurav Kumar, Khushi Saran, Nisha Priya, Mahwish Khan, Payal Verma, Ifra Raza, Kamlesh K Yadav, Abha Trivedi","doi":"10.1007/s10646-026-03175-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-026-03175-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rising global plastic use has led to widespread synthetic polymer pollution in aquatic ecosystems, threatening aquatic life. The combined toxicity of prevalent plastics like polyethylene (PE) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) under realistic conditions remains largely unexplored. This study provides the first evaluation of the impact of environmentally relevant concentrations (0.5 mg/L) of PE- and PVC-MPs, individually and in combination, on Channa punctatus over a 21-day exposure period, uniquely revealing the enhanced toxicity of combined MPs through an integrated assessment of hematological, biochemical, genotoxic, and growth biomarkers. Hematological assessments revealed declines in hemoglobin and erythrocyte count, alongside increments in leukocytes, suggesting anemia and immune activation. Biochemical analyses revealed significant (p < 0.05) physiological stress, as reflected by elevated SGOT, SGPT, ALP, LDH, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and disturbances in protein profiles, including albumin, globulin, and the A/G ratio. Erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities such as micronuclei, nuclear bud, binucleated cells, blebbed, tear-drop, kidney-shaped and notched nuclei reflected genotoxic and cytotoxic stress. Growth performance was markedly impaired, with reductions in weight gain, %weight gain, specific growth rate, feed intake ratio and condition factor. Notably, the co-exposed group exhibited the most severe alterations across all parameters, underscoring the mixture toxicity of combined MPs. Pearson correlation analysis further established strong associations among all studied parameters, strengthening the diagnostic potential of these biomarkers for MPs toxicity in sentinel fish species. These findings sound an urgent call to recognize and mitigate the silent yet combined threat of mixed microplastic pollution in freshwater ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":11497,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology","volume":"35 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149105585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmentally relevant concentrations of thiamethoxam cause cytotoxic and genotoxic damage in bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) tadpoles.","authors":"Aline Arantes De Oliveira, Miller Caldas Barradas, Acácio Arlem Tomaz, Diego da Silva Lima, João Victor Borges Assis, Andréa Rodrigues Chaves, Thiago Bernardi Vieira, Marta Sofia Monteiro, Renato Almeida Sarmento, Althiéris de Souza Saraiva, Daniela De Melo E Silva","doi":"10.1007/s10646-026-03154-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-026-03154-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neonicotinoids are emerging pollutants of major concern due to their widespread use and potential risks to biodiversity, yet their genetic and lethal toxicity, key parameters in environmental risk assessment, are still poorly explored in anurans. In this study, we evaluated the acute toxicity of thiamethoxam (96 h) in Lithobates catesbeianus tadpoles, determining lethal concentrations (LC_10-96 h, _50-96 h, _90-96 h) and assessing subindividual effects, including genotoxicity (Comet assay), mutagenicity (Micronucleus test), and cytotoxicity, at environmentally relevant concentrations (lethal: 14.40-3516 µg a.i./L; subindividual: 9.4-59 µg a.i./L). The LC_10-96 h, _50-96 h, _90-96 h were defined as 624.44, 1070.13, and 1833.03 µg a.i./L, confidence interval 95%, respectively. Subindividual exposure induced significant genotoxic effects at a concentration of 31 µg a.i./L, and mutagenic responses with an increased frequency of lobed nuclei, nuclear budding, and anucleated cells, especially at a concentration of 59 µg a.i./L. A positive correlation was observed between Comet assay parameters and nuclear abnormalities. Taken together, these findings demonstrate dose-dependent genomic damage and suggest links between distinct cellular alterations. Integrated with the lethal toxicity data, the results indicate that thiamethoxam disrupts essential cellular processes in amphibians, highlighting L. catesbeianus as a sensitive bioindicator, reinforcing the relevance of genotoxic and mutagenic biomarkers in assessing the impacts of neonicotinoids on aquatic ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":11497,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology","volume":"35 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13630812/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149105544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavioral toxicity of polyhydroxyalkanoate microplastics in Drosophila melanogaster larvae revealed by deep-learning pose estimation.","authors":"Feiyue Feng, Jie Shen","doi":"10.1007/s10646-026-03162-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-026-03162-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are microbially synthesized polyesters developed as biodegradable alternatives to conventional plastics, but incomplete degradation can leave PHA-derived particles in the environment, and their biological effects remain poorly characterized. This study investigated whether 96-h dietary exposure to 5-µm PHA particles altered locomotor organization in third-instar Drosophila melanogaster larvae. Larvae were exposed to 0.25, 2.5, or 7.5 mg L⁻¹ PHA, and movement in the standardized 5-65 s window was quantified using SLEAP tracking, speed and angular-speed interval distributions, and nine spatial trajectory features. PHA exposure altered larval locomotion, with the broadest response at 7.5 mg L⁻¹. Relative to the control, this treatment reduced mean crawling speed by 37.8% and distance travelled by 40.7%, increased low-speed occupancy, decreased medium- and high-speed occupancy, and reduced displacement, straightness, convex-hull perimeter and area, and radius of gyration. Angular-speed occupancy shifted from the low category toward the medium and high categories, whereas mean angular speed did not differ significantly among groups. Changes in the low-speed and low-angular-speed proportions were also detected at 0.25 mg L⁻¹. These coordinated changes identify a sublethal alteration of locomotor organization under the tested conditions. Locomotion supports resource acquisition, habitat use, dispersal, and escape; the observed response constitutes an ecologically relevant effect in a terrestrial insect. The findings show that biodegradable-polymer particles can elicit sublethal effects in terrestrial insects and warrant inclusion in ecological hazard assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":11497,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology","volume":"35 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149105889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated toxicological approach to microplastics and nanoplastics in crustaceans.","authors":"Mahdi Banaee, Reza Shakeri, Aysel Çağlan Günal, Pınar Arslan Yüce, Abha Trivedi, Caterina Faggio","doi":"10.1007/s10646-026-03155-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-026-03155-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) have emerged as pervasive contaminants in aquatic ecosystems, with global inputs to the oceans projected to rise from 11 million metric tons in 2016 to 44 million tons by 2060. Originating from single-use plastics, textiles, fishing gear, industrial waste, and other sources, these particles enter water bodies via urban runoff, wastewater effluents, and atmospheric deposition, ultimately accumulating in sediments. Crustaceans, due to their benthic foraging behavior, wide ecological distribution, and trophic relevance, are highly susceptible to MP/NP exposure and serve as effective bioindicators of plastic pollution. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the occurrence, bioaccumulation, and multifaceted toxicological impacts of MPs and NPs in crustaceans. Evidence confirms uptake through ingestion, gill filtration, and dermal contact (primarily during the molting period), leading to biodistribution in the hepatopancreas, gut, gills, and hemolymph, even in edible tissues. Exposure triggers a broad range of sublethal effects, progressing from physical obstruction and cellular-level damage (oxidative stress, DNA damage, and histopathological lesions) to physiological disruptions (immune suppression, gut microbiome dysbiosis, endocrine disruption, osmoregulatory dysfunction, metabolic imbalance, and impaired growth and molting), and ultimately manifesting as behavioral alterations and reproductive disorders. Critically, the toxicity of MPs/NPs is often exacerbated by co-exposure to environmental stressors such as heavy metals, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and other pollutants, with plastics acting as vectors that enhance contaminant bioavailability. Despite growing research, significant gaps remain in standardized methodologies, long-term monitoring, and understanding of trophic transfer, particularly in freshwater and aquaculture settings. This review emphasizes the urgent need for integrated risk assessment frameworks that account for particle characteristics, environmental variables, and multi-stressor interactions to safeguard aquatic ecosystems and the services they provide.</p>","PeriodicalId":11497,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology","volume":"35 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149105644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioaccumulation dynamics of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and a binary mixture of PFOS and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) in northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus): a mini review.","authors":"Kenneth N Kikanme, Adcharee Karnjanapiboonwong, Nicole M Dennis, Rameshkumar Angappan, Efe Jeffery Isukuru, Christopher J Salice, Todd A Anderson","doi":"10.1007/s10646-026-03160-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-026-03160-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent environmental contaminants with significant bioaccumulation potential and toxicological concerns. Specifically, perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) has been shown to reduce growth, reduce hatching success and decrease hatchling survivability, and arrest developmental cycles in birds. While the transfer of PFAS from exposed adult birds to their offspring is recognized, the routes of maternal transfer are not yet fully elucidated. Therefore, this mini review synthesizes previously collected. PFAS tissue residue data from a series of chronic toxicity studies in Northern bobwhite (NOBO) conducted in our laboratory, integrating findings from adult tissues, whole eggs, the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM), and hatchling tissues. Our goal was to provide a better understanding of tissue-specific PFAS bioaccumulation in the adult, and maternal transfer to the developing chick. The available data revealed that the liver serves as the primary site for PFAS bioaccumulation in adult and hatchling NOBO, following the trend: adult liver > adult brain > post-hatch CAM > whole egg > hatchling liver > hatchling brain. Hatchling tissues exhibited lower PFAS concentrations in brain and in liver compared to those same tissues in adult females; hatchlings received PFAS exposure only through maternal transfer during embryonic development. The data from our studies further highlight that assessing the post-hatch CAM, rather than the whole egg, is important because it serves as a direct link between the embryo and the egg's internal environment, thus reflecting a PFAS burden that is available to the developing chick; whole egg measurements capture total PFAS deposited by the female NOBO into the egg. Findings from controlled PFAS exposures to birds conducted in our laboratory indicate that maternal PFAS burdens influence hatchling exposure and contribute to PFAS bioaccumulation patterns.</p>","PeriodicalId":11497,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology","volume":"35 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13627168/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149105953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cyanotoxins induce hepatic inflammation and disrupt lipid metabolism in Sinocyclocheilus grahami.","authors":"Jiaojiao Li, Jun Li, Xiaofu Pan","doi":"10.1007/s10646-026-03152-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-026-03152-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cyanobacterial blooms release a variety of secondary metabolites, severely impacting the survival of fish species.The multi-layered analytical approach (histology + biochemistry + transcriptomics + lipidomics) was used to investigate hepatic injury in Sinocyclocheilus grahami following a 96-hour exposure to Microcystis aeruginosa exudates (MaE) and their constituent, phytosphingosine (PHS; at 2.9 and 145 ng/mL). The results showed histopathological hepatic damage across treatments, with a significantly decreased hepatosomatic index (HSI) in the high-PHS-exposure group. Total bilirubin were significantly elevated in all treatments. Interestingly, the triglyceride content showed significant increases in the PHS-treated groups. Both MaE and PHS induced inflammation, with significantly up-regulated inflammatory factors, whereas the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 was significantly down-regulated in the MaE-treated group. Based on biochemical biomarker and multi-omics analyses, MaE mainly induced oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, whereas PHS tended more to disturb lipid metabolism, markedly down-regulating various metabolites in the liver. In the PHS-treated groups, sphingolipid and retinol metabolisms emerged as the top two most enriched KEGG pathways with the largest number of DEGs and DEMs. In conclusion, the toxicological differences induced by MaE and PHS mainly depended on their chemical property. (1) As a pure sphingolipid compound, the biological processes of PHS were enriched in metabolic processes, its cellular component processes were enriched in the endoplasmic reticulum, the site of sphingomyelin synthesis, and its molecular function processes involved binding with DNAs associated with PPAR and FoxO signaling pathways. (2) As a complex mixture of exudates, MaE mainly triggered responses to toxicins/extracellular stimuli and lipid transporter activity. MaE exerted strong oxidative stress, while PHS tended more to disturb lipid metabolism, and both induced inflammation. This study contributes to the health risk assessment of fish in the context of cyanobacterial blooms.</p>","PeriodicalId":11497,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology","volume":"35 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149059305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}