ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Assessing the Efficacy of Graphene, Graphene Oxide, and Graphene Oxide Encrusted with Gold Nanoparticles for Sulfur Removal from Crude Oil: An Innovative Experimental Investigation","authors":"Abdullah Özkan and Eyyüp Gördük","doi":"10.1149/2162-8777/ad40d0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2162-8777/ad40d0","url":null,"abstract":"Crude oil, consisting of hydrocarbons, is the leading global energy source. Sulfur is the most abundant element after carbon and hydrogen in the structure of crude oil. Sulfur and sulfur compounds in the structure of petroleum are dangerous for both the environment and human health due to the SOx gases they produce after combustion. Removing sulfur from oil is a costly and difficult process. Therefore, the sulfur content of crude oil directly affects the price of oil. This study investigated the adsorptive desulfurization performance of graphene, graphene oxide, and graphene oxide functionalized with gold nanoparticles. The synthesized adsorbents were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, reflection-absorption infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and then 0.02 to 0.1 g adsorbents were taken separately and placed in a flask that included 50 ml of crude oil. Each flask was stirred at 400 rpm under ambient temperature for 1 h. After the reaction, the adsorbent was separated from the mixture with the help of a centrifuge, and the residual sulfur amount was checked. It was determined that the sulfur removal performance after 1 h contact time was between 2.09%–5.48% for Graphene, 1.91%–4.06% for GO, and 0.575%–6.471% for AuNPs/GO.","PeriodicalId":11496,"journal":{"name":"ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140812183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum: Binder-Free Flexible Chickpea Pod Derived Activated Carbon-Carbon Nanofiber Composite for Supercapacitor Application [ECS J. Solid State Sci. Technol., 13, 011104 (2024)]","authors":"Usha Rani Malothu, Kiran Donthula, Manohar Kakunuri and G.V.S. Nageswara Rao","doi":"10.1149/2162-8777/ad3b38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2162-8777/ad3b38","url":null,"abstract":"The published paper was produced from a poorly-edited file which resulted in numerous typographical and grammatical errors, leading to confusion about the experiments and results reported. The paper has been edited and the corrected version is shown here. In the present study, a novel carbon-carbon composite electrode was prepared by embedding activated carbon derived from chickpea pods and evaluating its potential as an electrode for supercapacitors. A simple, single-step electrospinning technique was used for the synthesis of activated carbon-carbon nanofiber composite. The synthesized activated carbon-carbon nanofiber composite electrode is flexible and binder-free with high specific surface area, micro and meso pores, interconnected fiber-to-flake morphology, and possesses high graphitization. Additionally, rapid electrolyte diffusion has resulted in a low charge transfer resistance due to interconnected morphology. In 6 M KOH electrolyte, the composite binder-free electrode shows a specific capacitance of 147 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 compared to activated carbon electrodes that showed a specific capacitance of 120 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1. It exhibits an energy density of 13 Wh k g−1 at 0.366 W k g−1 power density and also shows impressive cyclic stability by retaining 93.5% of initial capacitance till 1200 cycles at 1 A g−1. Overall, the study presents an easy-to-use, low-cost, eco-friendly, and flexible electrode for supercapacitors that is free of binder.","PeriodicalId":11496,"journal":{"name":"ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140811544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electric-Tree Resistant Performance and Thermal Charge-Carrier Dissipation Mechanism of Voltage Stabilizer-Modified EPDM","authors":"Zhongyuan Li, Jian Zhang, Lei Wang, Heqian Liu, Shiyu Chen, Minhu Xu, Hongda Yang, Jianquan Liang, Wei-Feng Sun","doi":"10.1149/2162-8777/ad3c26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2162-8777/ad3c26","url":null,"abstract":"In order to improve electric-tree resistant performance and dielectric breakdown strength of ethylene-propylene-diene misch-polymere (EPDM) material used for cable accessory reinforce insulation, the two specific aromatic ketone compounds—vinylphenylacetone (VPE) and 4-propylene oxyxy-2-hydroxydibenzenone (AOHBP) are employed as two paradigms of voltage stabilizer for chemical-graft modifications. Electric-tree resistances and insulation performances of modified EPDM materials and their charge trapping mechanism of thermoelectron inhibitions are studied by the accelerated electric-tree aging experiments, alternating current (AC) dielectric breakdown tests, surface potential trap-level analyses and first-principles calculations. Both the two species of voltage stabilizers are effective for promoting electric-tree inception voltage and dielectric breakdown strength, leading to a high extension of electric-tree morphology and smaller dimension of electric-trees growth, in which AOHBP is more significant. The two species of voltage stabilizers have been successfully grafted onto EPDM molecular-chains in thermal-chemistry crosslinking reactions of EPDM, introducing multiple shallow levels of charge traps, which reduces the energy released by trapping charge carriers and thus alleviates electric-tree aging of EPDM. The AOHBP and VPE represent a high electron affinity and a small electronic energy gap, which is competent of assimilating the kinetic energies of hot charge carriers whilst restricting Auger electronic excitation. Especially, the benzene group in voltage stabilizer renders shallow level charge traps with a larger carrier capture cross-section than deep traps and simultaneously possesses the high atomic vibration frequencies similar as electronic-transition energies, which results in effective dissipation on the kinetic energies of hot charge carriers. This mechanism dominates to increase electric-tree resistance and insulation strength of EPDM. The present study proves the important role of voltage stabilizers in improving insulation performance of EPDM material, and reveals the refrigeration mechanism on hot charge carriers for restricting electric-tree growth, which provides a significant strategy of chemical modifications for developing high-insulation cable accessory materials.","PeriodicalId":11496,"journal":{"name":"ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140615990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural, Mechanical and Thermal Behaviour of Graphene-Epoxy Polymer Matrix Nanocomposites","authors":"Deepak Awasthi, Manikant Paswan, Pallav Gupta","doi":"10.1149/2162-8777/ad3c23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2162-8777/ad3c23","url":null,"abstract":"The change in characteristics in the microstructural features of epoxy nanocomposites created by reinforcing with graphene oxide (GO) obtained by controlled reduction of GO was investigated. The effects of adding various loadings (0.1–0.5 wt%) of RGO in epoxy resin were examined, with a focus on the material’s response toward mechanical and thermal properties. The robust interfacial bonding between epoxy resin and RGO is attributed to the higher surface area of the exfoliated layered geometry of graphene and is a key factor contributing to the enhanced physical properties in nanocomposite. The optimal incorporation of 2D nanofillers has been determined to induce a synergistic effect, thereby establishing a percolating network in thermal interface materials designed for high-performance electronic device.","PeriodicalId":11496,"journal":{"name":"ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140617620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Bi0.5Li0.5ZrO3-SrSnO3 Composite Doping on the Construction of Polymorphic Phase Boundaries and Enhanced Electrical Properties of K0.45Na0.55Nb0.965Sb0.035O3 Piezoelectric Ceramics","authors":"Ruihua Zheng, Qiyi Yin, Fei Lin, Yulin Zhang, Quanzheng Zhang, Kunhong Hu, Kejie Yang, Yangyang Zhu, Wangzu Zou","doi":"10.1149/2162-8777/ad3c20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2162-8777/ad3c20","url":null,"abstract":"In this experiment, a new lead-free piezoelectric ceramics (1−<italic toggle=\"yes\">x</italic>)K_0.45Na_0.55Nb_0.965Sb_0.035O₃−<italic toggle=\"yes\">x</italic>(0.9Bi_0.5Li_0.5ZrO₃−0.1SrSnO₃) were prepared by the conventional solid-phase method, and the effects of the doping amount of 0.9Bi_0.5Li_0.5ZrO₃−0.1SrSnO₃ on the K_0.45Na_0.55Nb_0.965Sb_0.035O₃ ceramics on the crystal structure, microstructure, microscopic structure and electrical properties. All the doping ions entered the KNN lattice and formed a dense solid solution with a single-phase structure, and the phase structure of the ceramics coexisted from orthorhombic (O) to orthorhombic-tetragonal (O-T) phases in the range of 0 ≤ <italic toggle=\"yes\">x</italic> ≤ 0.03, and transitioned to rhombohedral-tetragonal (R-T) phase coexistence when 0.035 ≤ <italic toggle=\"yes\">x</italic> ≤ 0.05. The electrical properties of the ceramics were analyzed and the polymorphic phase boundary (PPB) region was obtained at <italic toggle=\"yes\">x</italic> = 0.035 and had the best overall properties: <italic toggle=\"yes\">d</italic>\u0000₃₃ = 324pC/N, <italic toggle=\"yes\">k</italic>\u0000_p = 49%, <italic toggle=\"yes\">ε</italic>\u0000_r = 1479, tan<italic toggle=\"yes\">δ</italic> = 3.21%, <italic toggle=\"yes\">P</italic>\u0000_r = 31.98 <italic toggle=\"yes\">μ</italic>C/cm², <italic toggle=\"yes\">E</italic>\u0000_c = 16.83 kV cm⁻¹ and <italic toggle=\"yes\">T</italic>\u0000_C = 293°C. By The microstructural analysis of the ceramics showed that the appropriate amount of compound doping of the second element enhances the denseness of the ceramics as well as makes the grains uniformly distributed. These results indicate that the ceramics of this system have great prospects for future applications in the field of lead-free piezoelectric ceramics.","PeriodicalId":11496,"journal":{"name":"ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140615993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of Ordered Fe3O4 Nanohoneycombs and Their Application in Capacitors","authors":"Yuga Osada, Takashi Yanagishita","doi":"10.1149/2162-8777/ad3c24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2162-8777/ad3c24","url":null,"abstract":"Fe substrates with a depression pattern were anodized to obtain Fe oxide films with a nanohoneycomb structure and orderly arranged cylindrical pores of uniform size. Crystalline Fe oxide films could be obtained by the heat treatment of amorphous samples obtained by the anodization of Fe substrates, but the atmosphere during heat treatment had a significant effect on the surface structure and crystallinity of the resulting samples. The heat treatment of the anodized samples in air produced a crystalline Fe oxide film consisting of Fe₂O₃ and Fe₃O₄, but the nanohoneycomb structure could not be maintained above 400 °C because the Fe substrate was oxidized during the heat treatment, and its surface structure changed significantly. On the other hand, the heat treatment of the anodized samples in N₂ atmosphere yielded Fe₃O₄ nanohoneycombs, which retained their regular honeycomb structure after heat treatment. The evaluation of the capacitor properties of the heat-treated samples showed that the properties differed markedly owing to the effects of the surface structure and crystallinity, with the sample heat-treated at 400 °C in N₂ atmosphere with the largest specific capacitance. The Fe₃O₄ nanohoneycombs obtained in this study are expected to be useful as electrodes for high-capacity capacitors.","PeriodicalId":11496,"journal":{"name":"ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140616027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Dual-Gate Configuration on the Endurance of Ferroelectric Thin-Film Transistors With Nanosheet Polycrystalline-Silicon Channel Film","authors":"William Cheng-Yu Ma, Chun-Jung Su, Kuo-Hsing Kao, Ta-Chun Cho, Jing-Qiang Guo, Cheng-Jun Wu, Po-Ying Wu, Jia-Yuan Hung","doi":"10.1149/2162-8777/ad3c21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2162-8777/ad3c21","url":null,"abstract":"This work explores the characteristics of ferroelectric thin-film transistors (FeTFTs) utilizing an asymmetric dual-gate (DG) structure in both single-gate (SG) and DG operation modes. In the transfer characteristics, DG mode exhibits a memory window (MW) of 1.075 V, smaller than SG mode’s MW of 1.402 V, attributed to the back-gate bias effect causing a reduction in the device’s threshold voltage. However, DG mode demonstrates superior endurance characteristics with 10⁶ cycles compared to SG mode’s 10⁵ cycles. Additionally, the increase in erase pulse voltage (V_ERS) exacerbates the polycrystalline-silicon channel lattice damage of FeTFT, resulting in subthreshold swing (SS) degradation. Nevertheless, the extent of SS degradation from DG mode operation is significantly lower than that of SG mode, contributing to the superior endurance of DG mode. The elevation of program pulse voltage (V_PRG) induces imprint and charge-trapping effects in the top-gate ferroelectric dielectric, leading to reduced endurance. Due to the use of SiO₂ as the back-gate dielectric in FeTFT, DG mode exhibits lower impacts of charge-trapping effects from the top-gate ferroelectric dielectric layer, resulting in better endurance compared to SG mode. The asymmetric DG structure provides greater tolerance in the selection of V_PRG and V_ERS.","PeriodicalId":11496,"journal":{"name":"ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140615991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Organic Solvent on the Physical Properties of Spin-Coated Tin Sulfide Thin Films","authors":"T. Garmim, M. El Boughdadi, N. Benaissa, L. Soussi, O. Rhalmi, Z. El Jouad, A. Louardi, A. El Bachiri, B. Hartiti, M. Monkade","doi":"10.1149/2162-8777/ad395a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2162-8777/ad395a","url":null,"abstract":"In the current study, the sol-gel spin coating was used to deposit SnS thin films on ordinary glass substrates, and annealed without sulfurization at 500 °C. Different organic solvents such as ethanol, 2-methoxyethanol, and methanol were used and their influence on the properties of SnS thin films was investigated. X-ray diffraction showed that the three prepared films have an orthorhombic structure with preferred orientation along (111) plan. In addition, the obtained films from ethanol solvent present better crystallinity with larger grain sizes around to 28.19 nm. Morphological and compositional analysis was obtained with a scanning electron microscope associated with an X-ray spectrometer. The results show better texture with uniform coverage on the glass substrate of the deposited films obtained for ethanol as solvent. The optical analysis obtained from the UV–vis spectrophotometer reveals that the deposited films show a broad absorption spectrum in the visible region and the band gap was found to lie in the range of 1.51 to 1.95 eV. The four-points probe measurement revealed smaller electrical resistivity for the films obtained from ethanol 1.76 × 10²(Ω.cm) and a higher conductivity 5.68 × 10⁻³(Ω.cm)⁻¹.","PeriodicalId":11496,"journal":{"name":"ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology","volume":"55 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140615989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review—Unveiling the Power of Deep Learning in Plant Pathology: A Review on Leaf Disease Detection","authors":"Madhu Bala, Sushil Bansal","doi":"10.1149/2162-8777/ad3981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2162-8777/ad3981","url":null,"abstract":"Plant leaf disease identification is a crucial aspect of modern agriculture to enable early disease detection and prevention. Deep learning approaches have demonstrated amazing results in automating this procedure. This paper presents a comparative analysis of various deep learning methods for plant leaf disease identification, with a focus on convolutional neural networks. The performance of these techniques in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score, using diverse datasets containing images of diseased leaves from various plant species was examined. This study highlights the strengths and weaknesses of different deep learning approaches, shedding light on their suitability for different plant disease identification scenarios. Additionally, the impact of transfer learning, data augmentation, and sensor data integration in enhancing disease detection accuracy is discussed. The objective of this analysis is to provide valuable insights for researchers and practitioners seeking to harness the potential of deep learning in the agricultural sector, ultimately contributing to more effective and sustainable crop management practices.","PeriodicalId":11496,"journal":{"name":"ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140615976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of Low Energy Oxygen Irradiation on the Dielectric Properties of PVA/TiO2 Nanocomposite Films","authors":"Reem Altuijri, M. M. Abdelhamied, A. Atta, H. M. Abdel-Hamid, A. M. A. Henaish, M. R. El-Aassar","doi":"10.1149/2162-8777/ad3c22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2162-8777/ad3c22","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the cast solutions manufacturing approach was applied to prepare a PVA/TiO₂ composite, which is made of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), atomic force microscope (AFM), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) methods were employed to indicated the successful preparations of the composites. Moreover, the XRD and SEM methodologies were employed to investigate the impact of ion bombardment on the structural characteristics and surface morphology of the composite PVA/TiO₂. The prepared films were irradiated with oxygen beam at fluencies; 0.3 × 10¹⁷, 0.6 × 10¹⁷, and 0.9 × 10¹⁷ ions cm⁻². The ion beam increases the surface roughness of the PVA/TiO₂ from 17 nm for the un-bombarded up to 25 nm for highly irradiated one, as indicated and measured by AFM images. The dielectric behavior of the pure and bombarded films were measured at the frequency of 50 Hz–6 MHz. The results reveal that the dielectric properties of PVA/TiO₂ films were significantly modified by the oxygen beam bombardment. The results of the research pave the way for potential applications of irradiated PVA/TiO₂ nanocomposite sheets in various forms of energy storage as capacitors and batteries.","PeriodicalId":11496,"journal":{"name":"ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140615992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}