Ecological Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Differential effects of mangrove cover and engineered structures on benthic macrofauna and nekton assemblages in hybrid living shorelines","authors":"Sophie C.Y. Chan ,&nbsp;Amanda R. Hsiung ,&nbsp;Stephen E. Swearer ,&nbsp;Rebecca L. Morris","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107620","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107620","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hybrid shoreline stabilisation with rock fillets has facilitated mangrove establishment at eroding estuarine shorelines in New South Wales, Australia. To assess the biodiversity benefits of installing hybrid mangrove shorelines, this study compared mangrove structure, benthic macrofauna and nekton assemblages in these hybrid mangroves to nearby natural fringing mangroves across multiple estuaries. Hybrid mangroves (6–10 years old) showed higher densities of trees and seedlings but comparable macrobenthos abundance to natural mangroves. However, differences in macrobenthos composition, especially in crab and polychaete species, were noted across estuaries and between natural and hybrid mangroves with varying mangrove cover. Mangrove cover had limited effect on the utilisation of hybrid mangroves by nekton species. Mainly the freshwater prawn (<em>Macrobrachium australiense)</em> and demersal species, such as glassgoby (<em>Gobiopterus semivestitus</em>), juvenile yellowfin bream (<em>Acanthopagrus australis</em>), and flat-tail mullet (<em>Gracimugil argenteus</em>), were found in the hybrid mangroves. Overall, nekton was more abundant at hybrid mangroves than at natural fringing mangroves, possibly due to the hydrodynamic shielding and additional refuge provided by rock crevices. When planning hybrid living shorelines, it is crucial to consider the temporal lag in recovery and the potential trade-offs in ecological processes and functions, which can vary depending on the local species pool and environmental conditions. If mangroves cannot naturally establish at eroding shorelines, installing rock fillets to facilitate mangrove establishment could be an effective alternative to reduce lateral erosion while providing habitats for estuarine fauna.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 107620"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of vegetation in hydroelectric reservoir shoreline management: A global review of strategies and applications","authors":"Myah Matthes,&nbsp;Micah May,&nbsp;Natasha Nolet,&nbsp;Nancy Shackelford","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107603","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107603","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydroelectric dams negatively impact reservoir shoreline vegetation, accelerating management issues such as erosion and sedimentation. Understanding the role of vegetation on reservoir shorelines is therefore increasingly relevant in its potential to benefit both shoreline ecosystems and hydroelectric management. We reviewed 103 peer-reviewed papers on the role of vegetation in reservoir management. Each paper was systematically examined to identify assessment strategies for shoreline vegetation and plant traits associated with high survival. We extended our search to include a targeted literature review of 17 grey literature reports from British Columbia (BC) Canada, a province with high hydroelectric power production and management concerns associated with reservoir erosion and dust emissions. We found that most peer-reviewed studies were observational, focusing on ecosystem change (55.3 %) and vegetation inventories (52.4 %) instead of experimental revegetation trials (15.5 %). Traits commonly linked to high survival were fast growth and short, annual life cycles, rhizomes, photosynthetic adaptability, and grass life forms. Functional traits related to the depth and extent of roots, and achieving high percent cover through rapid germination, growth and regeneration may be the most important factors in addressing erosion and sedimentation, making them strong candidates for future revegetation efforts. Most research was short-term and focused on North Temperate latitudes, highlighting the need for global studies on shoreline vegetation and plant traits. Our BC literature review included unpublished reports of successful revegetation efforts that can inform the peer-reviewed published literature. We advocate for publishing future management findings to support global practitioners as the demand for hydroelectric energy grows.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 107603"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143706060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of plant carbon inputs and soil microbe on soil organic carbon accumulation in different tropical vegetation restoration strategies","authors":"Ying Wang ,&nbsp;Di Li ,&nbsp;Qiu Yang ,&nbsp;Jing-li Lu ,&nbsp;Yamin Jiang ,&nbsp;Tianyan Su ,&nbsp;Amani Milinga ,&nbsp;Qian Shi ,&nbsp;Wenjie Liu ,&nbsp;Huai Yang ,&nbsp;Mengyang Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107616","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107616","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vegetation restoration is an important measure for improving soil carbon sequestration in degraded agricultural ecosystems. However, the soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics under different vegetation restoration strategies in tropical regions are understood well. This study investigated SOC, biotic, and abiotic factors across the soil profile (0–20 cm, 20–40 cm, and 40–60 cm) for four vegetation restoration strategies, including <em>Hopea hainanensis</em> × <em>Homalium ceylanicum</em> (HH), <em>Syzygium cumini</em> × <em>Dalbergia odorifera</em> (SD), <em>Aquilaria sinensis</em> × <em>Hopea hainanensis</em> (AH), and <em>Syzygium cumini</em> × <em>Hopea hainanensis</em> (SH), with barren land (CK) and secondary forest (SF) as the control and reference groups, respectively. Our findings demonstrated that vegetation restoration effectively increased the SOC content. In comparison to CK, the SOC content was relatively high in SD (12.82 ± 0.59 g/kg–18.50 ± 0.97 g/kg) and SH (14.67 ± 0.22 g/kg–20.15 ± 0.91 g/kg) following vegetation restoration in the 0–20 and 20–40 cm soil layers (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). This depends on the difference in biomass produced by different tree species' combinations, and high plant carbon inputs in SD (388.45 ± 44.61 g/kg) and SH (424.88 ± 18.92 g/kg) treatments will accelerate the return of carbon to soil. The results of the random forest and PLS-PM models identified that microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and microbial necromass carbon (MNC) were the two most important SOC predictors, which promote SOC accumulation in conjunction with plant-derived carbon. Further, it was also found that soil nutrient availability enhanced SOC accumulation by promoting the production of MNC. This process was negatively associated with carbon-acquiring enzyme activities. This study could provide a reference for the selection of SOC sequestration vegetation restoration strategies in tropical forests of southern China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 107616"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143703898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Divergent trends in vegetation greenness and resilience across China's forestry ecological engineering regions","authors":"Xinxin Fu ,&nbsp;Zhenhong Li ,&nbsp;Jiahao Ma ,&nbsp;Meiling Zhou ,&nbsp;Lili Chen ,&nbsp;Jianbing Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107614","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107614","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Significant greening has occurred in China's Forestry Ecological Engineering (FEE) regions in recent decades, driven by carbon dioxide fertilization and ecological restoration efforts. However, whether widespread greening enhances resilience and what factors drive its changes remain uncertain. To address these issues, we used long-term remote sensing vegetation indices from 1982 to 2022 to evaluate theoretical resilience based on lag-1 autocorrelation, variance, and skewness. We then examined the spatiotemporal coherence between greenness and resilience and conducted an attribution analysis of resilience changes in greening regions. The findings reveal that most regions in FEE areas exhibited a significant greening trend over the past 41 years. However, the substantial increase in vegetation greenness did not result in a corresponding improvement in resilience. Climate variability and long-term trends emerge as the primary drivers of resilience changes in greening areas. Notably, although vegetation greening may not be the primary factor driving changes in resilience, it could potentially mitigate or amplify the influence of climate on resilience. This work underscores the limitation of assessments predicated solely on superficial ecological conditions and advocates for integrating ecological resilience metrics into the appraisal of ecological engineering efficacy. Moreover, in ecological restoration, it is essential to consider regional climate conditions and vegetation scale to prevent competition for resources crucial to existing flora.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 107614"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143703902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vegetated intertidal mudflat and existing ecological restoration perspectives to control coastal erosion: Constraints and recommendations","authors":"Nguyen Tan Phong","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107610","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107610","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Until now, two fundamental questions remain unclear: 1) to what extent the characteristics of the mangrove-mud coast have been integrated into developing current coastal erosion, and 2) how a vegetated intertidal mudflat or coastal area evolves. This understanding is important because we are encouraged to learn as much as possible from nature to develop solutions that protect the environment effectively and cost-efficiently. Meanwhile, existing ecological restoration perspectives, including mangrove planting (MP) and the morphological and topographic restoration of eroding mangrove-mud coastal areas (MTRA), have produced conflicting reports regarding their effectiveness in controlling coastal erosion. This study aims to summarize the morphological evolution of a vegetated intertidal mudflat or coastal area, as well as the factors contributing to this evolution. This summary will serve as a technical reference for future coastal erosion control efforts. I conducted a critical literature review using four main databases: <em>ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Web of Science,</em> and the <em>MDPI data source,</em> in conjunction with field investigations in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. The analysis of sixty-four relevant articles, along with detailed field observations from four sites, culminated in a summary of the morphological evolution of a vegetated intertidal mudflat or coastal area, as well as the driving factors influencing this evolution. The findings also indicate that we have not adequately learned from the characteristics of a vegetated intertidal mudflat or coastal area when developing current ecological restoration perspectives. Furthermore, the use of MP is unnecessary, particularly in stress-free coastal environments. Additionally, the processes of substrate development have not been sufficiently considered in the design and implementation of the MTRA methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 107610"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-situ monitoring of soil water characteristics using plant microbial fuel cell: Implications on slope stability analyses","authors":"Liye Li ,&nbsp;Boneng Chen ,&nbsp;Weiling Cai ,&nbsp;Ankit Garg","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107608","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107608","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant microbial fuel cell (PMFC) is a promising technology that could be applied in green infrastructures such as green roofs for bioelectricity generation. While previous research has explored the influence of soil water characteristics on PMFCs in laboratory settings, this investigation extends to understanding natural ambient environmental conditions. A series of PMFCs was deployed for three months to examine bioelectricity generation, soil water characteristics, and ambient environmental conditions, employing three vegetation types, providing an intricate understanding of the coupled bio-hydrological behaviors in the field. PMFC performance was further enhanced by heightened solar radiation and precipitation, amplifying bio-electrical output. However, a 72 %–89 % decline in electrical current and potential occurred at the air entry value due to disrupted ion transport which caused increased soil electrical resistance. This phenomenon underscores the intricate balance between ambient conditions and PMFC performance, laying a foundation for optimizing PMFCs for specific ecological and hydrological contexts. These findings emphasize the potential of PMFCs in real-time, in-situ reflecting of hydrological soil characteristics, offering an innovative approach to ecosystem management and hazard mitigation efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 107608"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal changes and response to vegetation restoration of comprehensive ecological risk: Quantification using the external risk source-structure-function framework","authors":"Ping Yu ,&nbsp;Ling Zhang ,&nbsp;Dan Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107605","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107605","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Comprehensive ecological risk (CER) assessment under the interference of climate change and human activities is essential for the high-quality utilization of resources and the sustainable development of ecosystems. In this study, a CER assessment framework was developed by combining natural and human external risk sources, ecosystem structure vulnerability (ESV), and ecosystem function (EF). Then, the spatiotemporal heterogeneity risk mitigation effects of vegetation restoration were discussed. Finally, an effective risk management scheme was proposed according to the risk heterogeneity of different major function-oriented zones (MFOZs). The results were as follows: (1) From 2000 to 2020, both the overall CER within the basin and the CER in various MFOZs exhibited a significant decrease, with the largest reduction observed in the number of high CER zones in the optimize development zones. (2) The most significant reduction in CER due to vegetation restoration is observed in the ecological functional zones of Shaanxi and Shanxi. (3) The relative contribution of accessibility, geography, climate, and economic on high CER varies significantly across different MFOZs. (4) For high risk of optimized development zones, ecological restoration should be prioritized, with strict controls on urban expansion. The results of this study should be considered account when formulating targeted ecological risk control policies to achieve sustainable development of ecological environments in different urban MFOZs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 107605"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Land-use legacies and tree species richness affect short-term resilience in reforested areas of the world's largest refugee camp","authors":"Faqrul Islam Chowdhury ,&nbsp;Rezaul Hasan Bhuiyan ,&nbsp;Josep Maria Espelta ,&nbsp;Víctor Resco de Dios ,&nbsp;Tasnima Dilshad ,&nbsp;Md. Riyadul Haque ,&nbsp;Md. Aman Ullah Aman ,&nbsp;Francisco Lloret","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107612","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107612","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Forced migration has recently emerged as a deforestation driver in refugee camps, while reforestation offers a solution to restore these degraded ecosystems. The arrival of one million refugees to Kutupalong camp (southeastern Bangladesh), the world's largest refugee camp, led to significant forest losses after migrant influx, where restoration efforts were subsequently undertaken. However, the effectiveness of these reforestation efforts, and their consequences on vegetation health, remain largely unexplored. This study evaluated the recovery and resilience of reforestation by analyzing enhanced vegetation index (EVI) dynamics, considering the legacy effects of previous land-use systems (natural forest- vs. plantation-legacy plots), tree species richness, and local topography as co-factors. Reforested areas in Kutupalong showed a resilience value of 0.64, indicating that they are still in the recovery phase. Higher recovery was observed in reforested plots that were forests before migrant influx, while pre-deforestation EVI values were associated with higher resilience in plantation-legacy plots. Forest-legacy plots with higher tree species richness exhibited higher recovery probably due to complementarity benefits, driven by resource sharing among multiple tree species. Yet, monospecific plots with <em>Acacia auriculiformis</em> in plantation-legacy plots exhibited higher resilience, likely due to growth related traits. Additionally, undisturbed topsoil, especially in lower elevations, could further enhance recovery and resilience. Findings of this study recommend monospecific <em>A. auriculiformis</em> plantations where admixtures are not feasible, while considering the legacy effects of previous land-uses and implementing soil restoration strategies. These measures potentially improve vegetation health, enhance the local environment, and ultimately contribute to better living conditions to camp inhabitants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 107612"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are infiltration swales all-rounders? An interdisciplinary field study on multifunctionality","authors":"Patrizia Eben ,&nbsp;Philipp Stinshoff ,&nbsp;Sebastian Knoll ,&nbsp;Lilian Busse ,&nbsp;Daniel Kick ,&nbsp;Swantje Duthweiler ,&nbsp;Christoph Moning ,&nbsp;Stephan Pauleit ,&nbsp;Brigitte Helmreich","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems such as infiltration swales are well-established stormwater control measures in urban areas, and benefits are well described. However, interdisciplinary studies on multifunctional swales under challenging urban conditions are still rare. Results from a field study are presented where infiltration swales at a heavily trafficked urban road were probed as an example of a multifunctional urban planning tool addressing water quality and quantity, amenity, and biodiversity challenges. Over a monitoring period of two years, the development of six pilot-scale swales with engineered soil media (with topsoil and topsoil-free) and native greening were monitored. We analyzed high pollutant retention for zinc, copper, and fine particles (&gt; 94 %) for both soil media tested and accumulation, particularly in the upper first centimeters. Seepage water concentrations ranged between 37 and 46 μg/L Zn, 10.6–12.3 Cu μg/L, and 11.4–22.4 mg/L SS63. Improved water storage capacity through the amendment of brick sand resulted in low drought stress for plants. Seven out of twelve native perennial species exhibited low mortality rates &lt;25 %. Plant mortality did not differ between the soil media, but was significantly (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) affected by the distance from the road and with increased pollutant loads. A positive effect on wild bees was detected by the flower-rich greening with increased abundance, α-diversity, and functional dispersion compared to reference areas. In conclusion, the study revealed the potential multifunctionality of urban infiltration swales in interdisciplinary cooperation. The findings provide a basis for the practical implementation of sustainable urban development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 107597"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction and optimization of ecological security patterns based on ecosystem service function and ecosystem sensitivity in the important ecological functional area — A case study in the Yellow River Basin","authors":"Wei Wei ,&nbsp;Yali Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaoxu Wei ,&nbsp;Binbin Xie ,&nbsp;Zhenyi Ma ,&nbsp;Congying Liu ,&nbsp;Lina Yu ,&nbsp;Junju Zhou ,&nbsp;Wei Shi ,&nbsp;Ting Liu ,&nbsp;Dang Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107609","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107609","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As economic development and urban expansion accelerate, the degradation of ecosystem functions and the emergence of ecological and environmental challenges in the Yellow River Basin (YRB) underscore the urgent need to integrate ecosystems into social development for a robust ecological security pattern (ESP) assessment. Discussing the issue of ecological security (ES) and establishing its ESP are of vital significance for eco-protection and qualitative management of it. The objective of this research was to construct a comprehensive ESP for the YRB, designed to enhance ecological conservation and promote sustainable progress. This was achieved by leveraging ecosystem services (ESs) like habitat quality (HQ), water supply (WS), carbon sequestration (CS), and soil conservation (SC) from the period spanning 2010 to 2020. The approach utilized the source-corridor-pattern framework along with the InVEST (Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs) and MCR (Minimum Cumulative Resistance) modeling tools to facilitate this research. The results indicated that: (1) There was a trend for ESs to exhibit increasing importance as one moved northward, with a corresponding decrease in the southern regions. The overall situation had been good and showed an increasing trend. (2) The ecosystem sensitivity within the YRB was characterized by lower levels in northern and southern extremities, contrasting with higher levels in the intervening regions. The Tibetan Plateau and Loess Plateau transition zone, as well as southern part of the Loess Plateau, had been primarily characterized by high sensitivity and medium sensitivity, respectively. (3) The ecological source area of the YRB increased from 22.65 % to 26.76 % in the research period. It densely distributed on the Loess Plateau and sparsely distributed in watersheds, with the land types dominated by grassland and forest land. High resistance values were predominantly observed in areas designated as unused land and within urban zones, whereas lower resistance values were primarily located along the water system. (4) There was a notable decrease in the count of ecological corridors, dropping from 34 to 23, with a significant concentration in the Ningxia Plain and across the Inner Mongolia Plateau from 2010 to 2020. A total of 10 ecological corridors, spanning 6300.25 km in length, have remained consistent over time. They connected the whole basin from upstream to downstream, creating a comprehensive network for ES. This research constructed the ESP framework which can provide the basis for the relevant departments to implement targeted protection of ES and ecological management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 107609"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}