ecancermedicalscience最新文献

{"title":"Nigeria's 6-year (2018-2023) stage distribution of breast cancer at diagnosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Agodirin Olayide, Chijioke Chijindu, Mustapha Fathi, Rahman Ganiyu, Olatoke Samuel, Olaogun Julius, Akande Halima","doi":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1899","DOIUrl":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1899","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nigeria has implemented various interventions to reduce late-stage breast cancer (BC) diagnosis in recent decades. This meta-analysis assessed the impact of these efforts by examining recent BC stage distribution data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guidelines was conducted. PubMed was searched for studies on BC in Nigeria from 2018 to 2023 and additional articles were identified through hand searching and snowballing in African Journal Online, Google Scholar and ResearchGate. Data on patient demographics, time to diagnosis at tertiary center and stage distribution were extracted and meta-analyzed using a random-effects model. A simple comparison with historical data of 2000-2018 was conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven articles reported the stage distribution of 1,647 BC patients. Overall analysis of the recent stage distribution showed a slight decrease in stages I, II and IV and an increase in stage III. However, these changes were accompanied by wider confidence intervals: 6% 95% confidence intervals (95% CI 0-15), 17% (6%-29%), 56 (95% CI 38-68) and 21 (9-34) were stages I-IV, respectively, compared to 8% (95% CI 3-13), 21% (14%-28%), 44 (95% CI 33-51) and 29 (21-37) in the historical data. The sensitivity analysis, using a two-stage classification as ('early' or 'late' disease), strongly indicated a trend towards more advanced-stage (82% CI 79-85) disease in the recent analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Advanced-stage BC remains prevalent in Nigeria. A comprehensive evaluation of current BC control strategies is needed to identify barriers and develop effective interventions for early diagnosis and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":11460,"journal":{"name":"ecancermedicalscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1899"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144265706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of early-stage oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients treated with radical radiation - a single institution experience.","authors":"Zuzaki Shabin, Rejnish Kumar, Malu Rafi, Lekha M Nair, Krishnapriya Pisharody, Nijo Jose, Indu Sasikumar, John Mathew, Kumara Pillai Mohanan Nair, Kainickal Cessal Thommachan","doi":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1901","DOIUrl":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1901","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Treatment options for early-stage oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCC) (Stages I and II) include definitive radiation or surgery. This retrospective study aims to evaluate the outcomes of early-stage (Stages I and II) OPSCC treated with radical radiation.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The data of patients with early-stage OPSCC (T1/T2N0) treated with definitive radiation at the Regional Cancer Center, Trivandrum, Kerala, India, from 1st January 2015 to 31st December 2020 were retrieved from medical records. A structured proforma was used to gather clinical and therapeutic details of the patients. The primary objective was to assess loco-regional control and patterns of relapse. Secondary objectives were to assess overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS) and prognostic factors affecting the treatment outcomes. DFS and OS were generated using Kaplan-Meier Curves. The prognostic factors affecting the outcomes were analysed using the Cox-proportional hazards regression model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred and twelve patients with early-stage oropharyngeal cancers who received definitive radiation were included in the study. The majority (91.97%) were males and 90% (101) of the patients had tobacco and alcohol-related habits. Twenty-six (23.3%) among the 112 patients had stage I disease and 86 (76.7%) had stage II disease. The median age group of the study population was 62 years. The most commonly affected primary site was the tonsil (<i>N</i> = 38, 33.9%), followed by the soft palate (<i>N</i> = 34, 30.3%) and followed by the base of the tongue (<i>N</i> = 23, 20.5%). The majority of the patients (80.4% (<i>N</i> = 90)) received a radiotherapy (RT) dose of 60 Gy in 26 fractions at 2.3 Gy per fraction over 5.5 weeks. One hundred nine (97.3%) patients attained remission at 12 weeks following radiation. Three patients had residual disease and none of them underwent salvage surgery. Twenty-one percent (<i>N</i> = 24) of patients had relapsed and the median time to relapse was 20 months. Among the relapses, 7 (29%) underwent salvage surgery and others were given palliative treatment. The most frequent site of relapse was the primary site followed by regional nodes. At a median follow-up of 63 months, the 4-year DFS was 67.9% and OS was 75%. Stage-wise 4-year DFS and OS for stages 1 and II were 68.1% and 64.1%, 78.9% and 73.8%, respectively. The locoregional relapse-free survival at 4 years was 75.2%. Five patients developed a second malignancy and the lung was the most common site. In univariate analysis, age was the only significant prognostic factor that affected the treatment outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The survival outcomes of the patients treated with definitive RT are comparable with the published literature. However, the salvage rates were very poor.</p>","PeriodicalId":11460,"journal":{"name":"ecancermedicalscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1901"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149235/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144265708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Squamous cell carcinoma of renal pelvis and percutaneous nephrolithotomy tracts after PCNL for staghorn calculus - point of surgical technique.","authors":"Singamaneni Arun Mitra, Vijith Shetty, Achuth S Nayak, Anand Raja","doi":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1900","DOIUrl":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1900","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) comprises 0.5%-15% of tumours in the renal pelvis and ureter. SCC after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) for staghorn calculus is a rare entity with only five cases reported. Tumour spreading along the tract after PCNL is even more uncommon with only one case reported. We report a case of SCC of the renal pelvis and tract of PCNL extending upto skin over the flank and review the literature, demonstrate surgical technique.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>A 54-year-old gentleman was diagnosed with right pelvic staghorn lithiasis due to flank pain and confirmed on a non-contrast computed tomography (CT) scan. He underwent PCNL in two stages over 2 weeks apart. There was no suspicious lesion after the complete removal of the stone. Due to persistent right flank pain and hematuria after 3 months, the patient was evaluated with a contrast CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) which revealed an enhancing lesion over the right kidney extending from the renal pelvis to the PCNL tract associated with retrocaval, aortocaval and precaval nodes. CT-guided biopsy of the mass was performed diagnosing a high-grade carcinoma with squamous differentiation. Urine cytology showed dysplastic cells. Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid study revealed a low glomerular filtration rate of 20 mL/min in the right kidney. There were no metastases elsewhere. We performed radical nephrectomy along with excision of the PCNL tracts, skin and flank muscles excision with template-based retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. Finally, we use a mesh for reconstruction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Long-standing staghorn calculus may harbor SCC of the renal pelvis which is undiagnosed preoperatively probably due to chronic irritation. Complete surgical excision with negative margins (R0) is the only option to cure as demonstrated in this case.</p>","PeriodicalId":11460,"journal":{"name":"ecancermedicalscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1900"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149225/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144265711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neoadjuvant lenvatinib in a patient with invasive poorly differentiated thyroid cancer.","authors":"Santiago Zund, Inés Califano, Fernando Carrizo, Sergio Quildrian","doi":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1902","DOIUrl":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1902","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A limited number of case reports have investigated the role of tyrosine kinase inhibitors as neoadjuvant therapy in locally invasive poorly differentiated thyroid cancer (PDTC).</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>A 69-year-old female patient presented with a large mass in the right thyroid lobe measuring 10 × 8 cm. A computed tomography scan showed a mass with no cleavage plane between the tumour and both the laryngotracheal and esophageal right lateral wall. A core needle biopsy was performed and confirmed PDTC. The case was considered unresectable. After a trial of neoadjuvant lenvatinib was administered, a partial response of 50% was achieved and surgery could be performed with favourable surgical outcomes. The patient did not resume lenvatinib after surgery, as no evidence of structural disease was found. At publication, she remains free of structural disease with an incomplete biochemical response.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Neadjuvant lenvatinib can be a therapeutic option to reduce primary tumour extent, in order to perform surgery and achieve better outcomes. However, this requires a highly selected patient group. Neoadjuvant-targeted therapy holds significant promise and warrants further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":11460,"journal":{"name":"ecancermedicalscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1902"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149226/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144265705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High body mass index increases the risk for prostate cancer and high Gleason score in northern Tanzania: data from prostate cancer screening.","authors":"Bartholomeo Nicholaus Ngowi, Alex Mremi, Mshangama Seif, Frank Bright, Godrule Lyimo, Innocent Uggh, Modesta Paschal Mitao, Obadia Nyongole, Orgeness Jasper Mbwambo, Harcharan Gill, Mramba Nyindo, Kien Alfred Mteta, Blandina Theophil Mmbaga","doi":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1898","DOIUrl":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1898","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The association between body mass index (BMI) and prostate cancer (Pca) remains a controversial subject. Despite Pca being common in Tanzania, there is a scarcity of data on the role of BMI on Pca risk. This study aimed to assess the association between Pca and BMI among African men in Tanzania.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This analysis included Tanzanian men aged ≥40 years who underwent prostate biopsy for the elevated prostate-specific antigen of >4 ng/mL during community-based Pca screening. Gleason scores of all Pca cases were determined by an experienced pathologist. BMI was calculated by dividing weight in kilograms by height in metre square. Participants were categorised into four BMI categories as follows: underweight (<18.5 kg/m²), normal weight (18.5-24.9 kg/m²), overweight (25.0-29.9 kg/m²) and obese (≥30 kg/m²). A high Gleason score refers to any score of ≥4+3. Logistic regression was used to estimate the odd ratio of each BMI category for the risk of Pca and high Gleason score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 572 men underwent prostate biopsy after being found to have an elevated prostate-specific antigen of >4 ng/mL during screening. Of these, normal BMI accounted for 233 (40.7%), while overweight and obesity accounted for 153 (26.7%) and 141 (24.7%), respectively. In multivariate analysis, overweight men had significantly higher odds of being diagnosed with Pca (OR 6.95, 95% CI; 3.43-14.06) as compared to their normal-weight counterparts. The strength of the association became stronger among obese participants (OR 23.65, 95%CI; 11.45-48.87). Similarly, there was a significant increase in the odds of being diagnosed with high Gleason score Pca among obese men (OR 3.63, 95%CI; 1.52-8.70).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Tanzanian men with elevated prostate-specific antigen and a high BMI have a significant risk of being diagnosed with Pca, mostly with a high Gleason score. Normal BMI maintenance might help in reducing the risk of developing Pca.</p>","PeriodicalId":11460,"journal":{"name":"ecancermedicalscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1898"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149228/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144265703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bevacizumab in recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer: real-world experience from a tertiary cancer hospital in India.","authors":"Ranti Ghosh, Debarshi Lahiri, Debjit Ghosh, Kushal Sen, Debanjan Chakraborty, Tapas Maji, Suparna Mazumder, Ranajit Mandal, Arit Bhattacharjee, Jayanta Chakrabarti","doi":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1897","DOIUrl":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1897","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In combination with chemotherapy, bevacizumab, a humanised monoclonal antibody against angiogenesis, significantly increases progression-free survival (PFS) in recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). However, due to financial constraints, real-world experience with bevacizumab in EOC is lacking in Indian populations. This study assessed bevacizumab's efficacy with chemotherapy in platinum-sensitive and resistant EOC in resource-limited Indian populations.</p><p><strong>Method and materials: </strong>This retrospective study was conducted at a regional cancer hospital in eastern India. Platinum-sensitive and resistant recurrent EOC patients were enrolled between 2021 and 2024. Patients' demographic and treatment details were retrieved from hospital medical records. All patients received bevacizumab 7.5 mg/kg IV dose with chemotherapy followed by maintenance till disease progression or inadvertent toxicity occurred. Primary endpoints were PFS and objective response rate (ORR); secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and safety. Kaplan-Meier plot generated PFS and OS survival curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>48 patients were enrolled. With a median follow-up of 37 months, 46% of patients progressed on bevacizumab. The median duration of PFS was 17 months (95% CI, 14.31-19.68); it was slightly higher in platinum-sensitive patients at 18 months (95% CI, 14.25-21.74). Half of the patients achieved partial response, with an ORR of 66%. Median OS was not reached due to fewer events. The 3-year OS rate was 83%. About 15 patients who progressed on bevacizumab were able to receive further chemotherapy lines. No new safety concerns were noted. Only 4.2% of patients developed grade 3 proteinuria, one developed arterial thrombosis and two had grade 3 thrombocytopenia. Only one patient died due to a GI fistula.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bevacizumab plus chemotherapy followed by bevacizumab maintenance till disease progression significantly improved PFS in recurrent EOC. This real-world finding suggests a crucial insight into effective treatment options for financially compromised Indian populations with recurrent EOC.</p>","PeriodicalId":11460,"journal":{"name":"ecancermedicalscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1897"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149230/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144265687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute promyelocytic leukaemia in a Nigerian patient-a case report depicting challenges in the management of haematological malignancies in Nigeria.","authors":"Lemchukwu C Amaeshi, Yusuf Adelabu, Olufunto Kalejaiye","doi":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1896","DOIUrl":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1896","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Haematological malignancies (HMs) account for approximately 10% of all malignancies in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), and their incidence is rapidly increasing. Successful management of these malignancies depends on early presentation, diagnosis and prompt initiation of treatment. However, in SSA and many low and middle-income countries, several barriers hinder the effective management of these malignancies. This case report of a patient with acute promyelocytic anaemia highlights the challenges in managing HM.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>A 31-year-old woman presented to a primary health care centre with recurrent rectal bleeding and was diagnosed with haemorrhoids. She was given iron and was reassured of her symptoms. However, when her symptoms persisted, she was referred to an academic medical centre for definitive management of her haemorrhoids. On further evaluation, she was diagnosed with acute promyelocytic anaemia based on morphologic findings, as further morphological and molecular analysis could not be done due to the non-availability of advanced diagnostic infrastructure locally. Treatment initiation with all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) was delayed due to the unavailability of the medication locally and, therefore, had to be ordered from a different country. During this time, she developed febrile neutropenia and sepsis, and her care was limited by the unavailability of blood products and the unaffordability for necessary supportive medications. Eventually, she could only start ATRA as she could not afford ATO. As a result, she could not complete the entire course of treatment. Despite this, she showed clinical improvement and some haematological recovery and was discharged but, unfortunately, was lost to follow-up in the outpatient setting.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Several barriers exist in managing HM and other cancers in general in SSA. Overcoming these barriers and improving outcomes in HM requires capacity building, international collaboration and political engagement.</p>","PeriodicalId":11460,"journal":{"name":"ecancermedicalscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1896"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149241/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144265675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intubated patient of malignant central airway obstruction due to advanced esophageal cancer on ventilator support treated with radiotherapy: a case report.","authors":"Shubham Dokania, Ajay K Choubey, Shashank Tiwari, Prasenjit Nath, Jhansi Pattanaik, Sambit S Nanda, Ashutosh Mukherji, Satyajit Pradhan","doi":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1895","DOIUrl":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1895","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Malignancies, associated directly or indirectly with airways, can cause a fatal condition, called malignant central airway obstruction (MCAO). Both endoluminal and extraluminal MCAO are conventionally treated using bronchoscopy-mediated therapies, but in patients unsuitable for bronchoscopic interventions, there are very limited options, especially if the patient needs ventilator support due to the obstruction. Few patients of carcinoma lung with MCAO needing ventilator support have been treated using radiotherapy (RT), with appreciable results. Though multiple risks are associated with shifting such patients out of the intensive care unit, these steps had to be carried out when RT was deemed the only possible solution. In this rare case of carcinoma esophagus with MCAO needing ventilator support and treated with RT, we have shown how RT can be used to increase the possibility of extubation of the patient. Hence, respiratory relief and extubation were aimed and achieved with RT in this case.</p>","PeriodicalId":11460,"journal":{"name":"ecancermedicalscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1895"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149233/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144265704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world outcomes of women with metastatic breast cancer in visceral crisis treated with chemotherapy: a 15-year cohort from Brazil.","authors":"Matheus de Oliveira Andrade, Vitor Hugo Felix, Laura Testa, Renata Colombo Bonadioa","doi":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1894","DOIUrl":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1894","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Visceral crisis (VC) in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is defined as a severe organ dysfunction related to metastatic disease. The cornerstone of treatment for VC relies on polychemotherapy, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, where it often represents the only available therapeutic option. This study aims to assess survival outcomes of palliative chemotherapy (CT) for VC in a real-world scenario.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were retrospectively collected from patients with MBC diagnosed with VC between 2008 and 2022 in a large cancer center in Brazil. Survival analyses were performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Prognostic factors were evaluated through univariate and multivariable analyses using the Cox regression model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 146 patients with VC were included. The predominant type of VC was pulmonary (36.3%), hepatic (32.2%) and bone marrow infiltration (19.2%). VC management was based on combination CT (51.4%), while 27.4% were treated with monochemotherapy and 20.6% received best supportive care (BSC). The median overall survival (mOS) for the entire population was 2.17 months. Treatment for VC in the first-line setting was associated with a mOS of 5 months. In the multivariate analysis, hepatic VC and the absence of active oncological therapy (BSC) were significantly associated with mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with MBC in VC have a poor prognosis even when treated with polychemotherapy. Proper prognostication is crucial for identifying patients who may benefit from active systemic therapy while carefully avoiding potentially futile strategies. Prospective trials including patients with VC criteria are needed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of CT and other emerging therapies in this scenario.</p>","PeriodicalId":11460,"journal":{"name":"ecancermedicalscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1894"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149229/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144265710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating HPV E6/E7 mRNA expression and genotype prevalence in cervical cytology and biopsy samples from Yunnan Province, China.","authors":"Yuanyue Li, Xiaomei Wu","doi":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1893","DOIUrl":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1893","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is a major contributor to the development of high-grade cervical lesions and invasive cervical cancer. The expression of HR-HPV E6/E7 oncoproteins is a key factor in the progression from preinvasive lesions to cervical cancer, making the detection of E6/E7 mRNA a valuable marker of disease progression. This prospective study evaluated human papillomavirus (HPV) E6/E7 mRNA expression levels and genotype distribution in women referred for colposcopy and biopsy in Yunnan Province, China. Out of 106,245 women undergoing routine checkups, 676 met the inclusion criteria for further analysis. Histological examinations revealed a total of 266 cases of cervicitis, 59 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN1), 151 cases of CIN2, 84 cases of CIN3, 87 cases of invasive cervical cancer and 29 cases of other conditions, including vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia and warts. The HPV mRNA test demonstrated positivity rates of 47.7% for cervicitis, 52.5% for CIN1, 84.1% for CIN2, 85.7% for CIN3 and 93.1% for invasive cervical cancer. The sensitivity and specificity values for the HPV mRNA test were as follows: for CIN2+, sensitivity was 87.0% and specificity 50.3%; for CIN3+, sensitivity was 89.5% and specificity 40.0%; and for invasive cervical cancer, sensitivity was 93.1% with a specificity of 36.3%. The corresponding positive predictive values were 61.4% for CIN2+, 33.6% for CIN3+ and 17.8% for invasive cervical cancer, while the negative predictive values were 80.9%, 91.8% and 97.3%, respectively. The most common HR-HPV genotypes identified were HPV16 (143 cases), HPV18 (116 cases), HPV52 (78 cases) and HPV58 (69 cases). Age-specific analysis revealed HR-HPV prevalence rates of 56.4% in women aged 18-25, 69.3% in those aged 26-35, 65.4% in the 36-45 age group, 54.2% in women aged 46-59 and 67.9% in those over 60. Remarkably, HPV16, HPV18 and HPV52 were consistently the most prevalent high-risk genotypes across all age groups. These findings highlight the significant burden of HR-HPV infection in Yunnan Province and emphasise the importance of incorporating HPV E6/E7 mRNA testing into cervical cancer screening programs. Given the predominance of HPV 16, 18 and 52, future HPV vaccine formulations should prioritise these genotypes to enhance cervical cancer prevention among Chinese women.</p>","PeriodicalId":11460,"journal":{"name":"ecancermedicalscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1893"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149232/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144265692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}