Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Sciences最新文献

{"title":"EFFECTS OF SOIL APPLICATION OF DIFFERENT FERTILIZERS AND FOLIAR SPRAY WITH YEAST EXTRACT ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF FABA BEAN PLANTS","authors":"A. Abdel-Gawad, M. Youssef","doi":"10.21608/ejarc.2019.211138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejarc.2019.211138","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing the need for food production leadto increasing the use of mineral fertilizationthat affects the soil and the ecosystem. A field trail was conducted to investigate the response of faba bean plants to the foliar application ofyeast extract, inoculation with bio-fertilizer and application of humic acid. The foliar application of yeast extract (10 g/l) significantly increased the growth and yield of faba bean plants. The uptake of N, P and K by faba bean plants sprayed by yeast extract were 32, 56 and 27%, respectively, higher than those of the non-treated ones. Application of humic acid and inoculation with phosphorine and rhizobactrine decreased soil pH but they increased soil organic carbon and available N, P and K. The yeast extract, humic acid and bio-fertilizer inoculation increased the economic return of faba bean. It can be concluded that using combination of humic acid and bio-fertilizer inoculation with yeast extract spraying increased the quality and economic return of faba bean as well as saved about 75 and 50% of N and P requirements, respectively.","PeriodicalId":11430,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84261982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PRODUCING YARNS FROM BLENDS OF CARD WASTES, RECYCLED FABRIC AND MEDIUM QUALITY COTTON","authors":"Hanan M. Arafa","doi":"10.21608/ejarc.2019.211136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejarc.2019.211136","url":null,"abstract":"This investigation was conducted to produce open end rotor yarns from blends of card wastes, recycled fabrics and Giza 90 low grade FGF cotton in the spinning mill of North Africa Spinning Company El Sadat city, El Menoufea Governorate, Egypt. The card waste and recycled fibers couldn't be spun to 6 Ne rotor yarns. Five blends of Giza 90 virgin fibers and these waste and recycled materials, at different blending ratios, were spun successfully to 8 Ne, 10 Ne and 12 Ne open-end rotor yarns. Fiber and yarn quality measurements were determined. Giza 90 virgin fibers showed better length, length uniformity and tenacity with lower short fiber content compared to card waste and recycled materials although of its low grade. The results indicated that blending Giza 90 virgin fibers improved fiber and yarn quality of the blend specially when the ratio of Giza 90 increased in the blend.75% Giza 90/ 25% card waste or recycled fibers blends showed higher yarn strength and lower yarn CV% and lower number of imperfections compared to the other blends while 33% Giza 90/ 33% card waste/ 33% recycled fibers showed the lowest level of these yarn quality levels.","PeriodicalId":11430,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84318149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FARMERS’ PREFERENCES OF THE INSTITUTIONAL REFORM SCENARIOS OF PROVIDING AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES IN SOHAG, KAFR EL SHIEKH, AND SHARQIEA GOVERNORATES IN EGYPT","authors":"M. Nawar, E. M.El shafie, F. Segfrou","doi":"10.21608/ejarc.2019.211066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejarc.2019.211066","url":null,"abstract":"The current Agricultural Extension (AE) system in Egypt is facing several challenges that hinder effective reaching to small landholders in the Delta and the Nile Valley of Egypt. Among these challenges are the ever-decreasing numbers of extension agents and the shrinking budgets. Along with the other contextual changes, this system needs drastic changes and rearrangements to face these challenges. This study investigated farmers’ preference of three suggested scenarios for reforming the AE system. The study was conducted in three Governorates, namely: Sohag, Kafr El-Sheikh, and Sharqeia. One District was randomly selected in each Governorate, namely: El-Maragha, Kafr ElSheikh and Monshaat Omar, respectively. One village was randomly selected each of the selected Districts, namely: El-Shorania, Kafr Matboul and Monshaat Omar, respectively. The data were collected by applying a questionnaire in personal interviews with a random sample of 316 farmers, representing about 10% of the total population of farmers in the three selected villages. Frequencies, percentages , standard deviations and Chi-Square were utilized for data presentation and analysis. The results revealed that strengthening the current public agricultural extension organization was the scenario preferred by the majority (67.4%) of the respondents. Public-Private Partnership through partnership between the public governmental and private sectors was the second preference for the respondents (28.5%). Privatization of the agricultural extension organization was the least preferred by the respondents, as reported by only 3%.","PeriodicalId":11430,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77710146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INFLUENCE OF POTASSIUM ON THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF FIBER IN EGYPTIAN COTTON","authors":"Shimaa Shahat","doi":"10.21608/ejarc.2019.211113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejarc.2019.211113","url":null,"abstract":"The present investigation was carried out to study the effect of potassium foliar application on cotton fiber length, rate of elongation, cellulose deposition, fiber quality properties and some yield traits. Giza 94 and Giza 95 LS Egyptian cotton varieties were used in pots experiment at the wire green house during 2017 and 2018 seasons. Potassium foliar treatments included four doses, namely control and (10,15 and 20 g/l), where each dose was divided into three equal parts; the first part was applied 80 days after planting (the beginning of flowering), the second was added after two weeks from the first part application (in the middle of fiber elongation stage), and the third part was added after two weeks from the second (in the middle of secondary wall thickening). The results indicated that the foliar application of k proved to have a great effect in improving and raising the productivity and fiber quality. K foliar application in the beginning and during flowering caused clear overlapping between fiber elongation and cellulose deposition (maturity) phases. Furthermore, boll weight, seed index, lint % and most of fiber properties were improved by K foliar treatments. 15g/l of K foliar application showed the longest and more mature fibers and the highest levels of the other fiber properties besides improving boll weight, lint and seed index. Key word: Cottonquality – Fiber development – Potassium – foliar application.","PeriodicalId":11430,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84119001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ATTITUDES OF FARMERS IN RECLAIMED AREAS TOWARDS SOCIAL INSURANCE IN THE NEW VALLEY GOVERNORATE","authors":"H. Shaban","doi":"10.21608/ejarc.2019.210996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejarc.2019.210996","url":null,"abstract":"Search target: Knowing the attitudes of farmers in the reclaimed areas towards the Social Insurance Law Knowing the sources of farmers information about social insurance. Knowing the positives involved in the social insurance system in the Arab Republic of Egypt to highlight and support them. Determine the obstacles that limit the efficiency and effectiveness of the social insurance system in achieving safety and social protection for farmers and their families Knowing the opinion of the respondents about the proposals to increase the role of social security development. Determine the significance of the relationship between the personal variables of the respondents, which are the participants, the beneficiaries, the non-subscribers, and their attitudes towards social insurance. To come up with a set of results and recommendations that could form the basis for building strategies to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the social insurance system in the Arab Republic of Egypt. This study was conducted in the New Valley Governorate (Kharga-ParisBalat-Mut -Al-Qasr (. The total size reached 24057 farmers, the sample size is 378 respondents, which represents 1.57% according to the Krejsi and Marjan equation, which is a random sample of participants, beneficiaries, and non-subscribers to the social insurance system, distributed as follows: 126 respondents under the age of 60 participants in social insurance, 126 respondents over the age of 60 beneficiaries (pensioners) ), 126 respondents under the age of 60 not covered by social insurance. The data were collected in the interviewer's personal interviews with the respondents by means of a questionnaire designed for this purpose during the months of July and September 2019, and the researcher used to tabulate the data and analyze the tables of numerical inventory, percentages and convergence coefficient (Ka2), and the simple correlation coefficient.The most important results were as follows: For a description ,the research sample subscribers to social insurance that more than twothirds of the sample were males and their rate is 67.5%, more than two-thirds of the sample were aged between 20 to less than 40 where their percentage was 68.3%, half of the respondents were from medium qualifications holders, and More than two thirds of the individuals Sample working Employees government next to their work as farmers and an and their rate is 66.7%, and that the majority of respondents were married and accounting for 91.3%, that more than half of the sample size of the farm from 1 to less than 5 tenure Ovdanh and accounting for 58.7% Regarding the respondents' orientation towards social insurance, the results show the following: More than half of the respondents (54.76%) who participate in the social insurance system have a positive trend towards it, and the percentage of respondents who benefited in the positive direction category has converged to 46,83%, while the percentage of respondents who are not ","PeriodicalId":11430,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85070232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EARLY EVALUATION OF NEW SUGARCANE CLONES IN TWO CROP CYCLES AND INTERRELATIONSHIPS AMONG YIELD AND AGRONOMIC TRAITS","authors":"F. Abu-Ellail, H. Mohamed, S. Bachoosh","doi":"10.21608/ejarc.2019.211090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejarc.2019.211090","url":null,"abstract":"Selecting and developing new high-yielding cane varieties is crucial to enhance its production and meet the ever-increasing demands of sugar. Twenty sugarcane clones (genotypes) and one check cultivar were grown in a randomized complete block design, with three replications, at Mattana Agricultural Research Station (latitude of 25° 17' N and longitude of 32° 33'), Luxor Governorate, Egypt, during 2017-2018 and 2018-2019. The objective of this study was to evaluate and calculate interrelationships (correlations) among yield and quality traits in plant cane (PC) and 1 st ratoon crop (FR) at early clonal selection stage under Upper Egypt conditions. The results showed significant (p ≤ 0.05) differences among the genotypes in cane yield and its component traits, sugar yield and quality traits, except for purity percentage. The interaction of genotype x crop cycle was highly significant for most studied traits (p ≤ 0.01), and insignificant for purity, sugar recovery percentages and sugar yield. Genotype, viz., G.2017-68, showed substantial superiority over the others, recording the highest cane yield. Sugarcane G.2017-30 genotype produced the highest sugar yield/fed, while the lowest was given by G.2017-28. The correlation analysis manifested that the cane diameter, number of stalks per meter and cane height contributed the most in the harvestable cane yield. Different variations among the tested clones were noticed in the studied traits; it ranged from low for (stalk diameter cm; brix% and purity%) medium for (stalk length cm; sucrose% and sugar recovery%) to high for (number of stalks per m 2 ; cane yield and sugar yields ton/fed). Based on the performance of the genotypes across the two crop cycles, the selection at the plant cane and 1 st ratoon can be recommended at early clonal stage though it cannot be considered sufficient for mid stages.","PeriodicalId":11430,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76276565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFECT OF FERTILIZATIONS AND HERBICIDES ON WEEDS, SOIL MICROORGANISMS AND SOYBEAN PRODUCTION","authors":"A. Fakkar, A. Ismail,, M. Moharam","doi":"10.21608/ejarc.2019.214038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejarc.2019.214038","url":null,"abstract":"The present work was conducted to investigate the effect of fertilizers {mineral fertilizers (NPK) and organic fertilizer (FYM) and some herbicides (Pendimethalin at the rate of 1.7 l/fed, Prometryn at the rate of 1.0 l/ fed, Metolachlor at the rate of 1.0 l/ fed, Metribuzin at the rate of 300 g/ fed and untreated) on weeds, bacterial nodulation and soil microorganisms associated soybean crop during 2012 and 2013 summer seasons. The results showed that FYM fertilizer significantly increased the dry weight of grassy and broadleaved weeds (g/ m 2 ) after 30 days from sowing. Also, it increased the number and dry weight of nodules/plant, the number of soil microorganisms, pod number /plant, pod weight /plant (g), seeds weight / plant (g), seed yield (ton/ fed.) and NPK seed contents % compared to no fertilizer. This was true in both seasons. All the studied herbicides significantly decreased the dry weight of grassy, broad-leaved weeds and decreased number and dry weight of nodules / plant, number of soil microorganisms and increased pods number /plant, pods weight /plant (g), seeds weight /plant (g), seed yield (ton/fed.) and NPK seed contents % compared to untreated treatment. It can be concluded from this study that application of Pendimethalin at the rate of 1.7 l/ fed and Metribuzin at the rate of 300 g/ fed. with FYM fertilizer were the best for weed control and gave the highest soybean yield.","PeriodicalId":11430,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86198035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GROWTH, SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS AND PRODUCTIVITY OF SUGAR BEET UNDER DIFFERENT IRRIGATION LEVELS AND MULCH TYPES IN NEW RECLAIMED AREA","authors":"M. El-Kady, E. Abdel fatah, E. El-Laboudy","doi":"10.21608/ejarc.2019.211112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejarc.2019.211112","url":null,"abstract":"This work was investigated to study the combined effects of water stress levels [60%, 80%, and 100% of irrigation water requirements (IWR)] and different types of soil mulching [non-mulch, organic mulch (paddy straw and sawdust), inorganic mulch (black polyethylene film mulch (BPFM)] under drip irrigation system on growth, some physiological characteristics, yields and quality of sugar beet crop. The study was conducted at a private farm in the vicinity of Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road, Egypt (30° 14' 14.59 ̋ N latitude and 30° 46' 53.90 ̋ E longitude) during 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 seasons. The experimental design used was a split plot in a randomized complete blocks arrangement with three replications. The results revealed that most of growth, physiological and yield characteristics significantly increased by increasing irrigation levels from 60% up to 80 or 100% of irrigation water requirements (IWR) in both seasons. On the contrary, quality parameter of sugar beet decreased by increasing irrigation levels from 60% to 100% of IWR. Covering soil with inorganic mulch (black polyethylene film mulch (BPFM)) was significantly more efficient for the growth, physiological and yield parameters followed by organic cover (paddy straw and sawdust) compared to non-mulching in both seasons. The distribution of stomata density of the leaf increased as water stress level increased. There were slight differences between full the irrigation (100%) and moderate stress (80% of IWR) for stomata closure % but stomata closed under severe stress (60% of IWR). The results also showed that, all mulching types under the three water stress levels had positive effects and increased stomata area, but stomata density and its index as well as stomata closure% decreased compared with non-mulch. Finally, the highest sugar yield (ton fed -1 ) was observed under moderate stress (80% of IWR) and covering soil by BPFM.","PeriodicalId":11430,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88055553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PERFORMANCE OF SOME EGYPTIAN CLOVER CULTIVARS AND THEIR TOLERANCE TO DODDER INFESTATION","authors":"Maha F. El-Enany, E. Zayed","doi":"10.21608/ejarc.2019.211135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejarc.2019.211135","url":null,"abstract":"Dodder parasite (Cuscuta planiflora. L) is the main obstacle which causes drastic yield losses in Egyptian forage clover crop in Egypt, accompanied with seed contamination by dodder seeds due to their similarity in size and shape to clover seeds. The present study aimed to determine the magnitude of yield losses due to dodder infestation and to estimate the degree of tolerance of some important Egyptian clover cultivars to dodder infection. Five forage clover cultivars, namely Gemmeza 1, Giza 6, Sakha 4, Helaly and Serw were tested to determine the magnitude of yield losses in these cultivars to dodder infestation and their degree of dodder tolerance under five dodder artificial infestation rates, 0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03 and 0.04 g/pot of dodder seeds carried out in two pot experiments during 2015/2016 and 2016/ 2017 winter seasons in complete randomized block design. Under dodder infestation rates at 0.01, 0.02, 0.03 and 0.04 g/pot the dry forage yield of clover losses were estimated by 32.6,37.9,47.8 and 54.4%, respectively, in 2016 season, and 31.8,46.6,54.6 and 63.7%,, respectively, in 2017 season as compared with the yield of clover free from dodder infestation. The effect of interaction between clover cultivars X dodder seeding infestation rate (g/pot) show that studied cultivars namely Gemmeza 1, Giza 6, Helaly, and Sakha 4 had the lowest infestation rates under 0.01-0.02g/pot of dodder seeds accompanied with increases in fresh and dry weight forage /pot, stem weight and stem length and high tolerance index (70-73%) with Sakha 4compared to El Serw 1 cultivar with the lowest tolerance index (26.1-32.9%), and can be classified as susceptible cultivar to dodder infestation. Such results suggest that breeders can select highest tolerant cultivars of clover under artificial infestation rates accompanied with decrease in dodder infestation %.","PeriodicalId":11430,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83069762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AN ECONOMIC STUDY OF FOOD CONSUMPTION PATTERNS IN EGYPT","authors":"Moshera EL-Batran","doi":"10.21608/ejarc.2019.210984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejarc.2019.210984","url":null,"abstract":"The pattern of food consumption is of the most important indicators of the consumption of different food commodities, and is an indicator of the relative distribution of consumption expenditure on different food commodities . So the study of consumption expenditure and its distribution are an important indicator to identify the pattern of income distribution and the level of consumption expenditure on different commodities, so as to identify the shifts in the spending behavior of different commodities needed by the family and consume; and useful in determining the relative importance of goods in both urban and rural Egypt. The main objective of this study was to identify the consumption expenditure patterns by estimating the expenditure elasticities of food groups in urban, rural and Egypt, and estimating the minimum expenditure on food groups in urban, rural and Egypt. The most important results were as follows: The average annual consumption expenditure for the family in urban Egypt in 2017 was about 71.956 thousand pounds, with a daily expenditure per capita of about 52 pounds, representing expenditure on food and drink for the family of which about 30.2%, especially meat, dairy, cheese and eggs. The average annual household consumption expenditure for the rural Egypt in 2017 was about 62.296 thousands pounds, with a daily expenditure per capita of about 37 pounds, which represents expenditure on food and drink for the family, of which about 35.6%, for meat and vegetables. The average annual household consumption expenditure for the Egypt in 2017 was about 76.194 thousands pounds, with a daily expenditure per capita of about 50 pounds, representing expenditure on food and drink for the family, of which about 29.1%, for meat, dairy, cheese and eggs. Taking into account the devaluation of the purchasing power of the Egyptian pound (as a result of the devaluation of the pound against the dollar by about 45% in November 2016), it showed a slight improvement in urban consumer expenditure and its decline in the rural consumer. Expenditure elasticity of fish, food products not classified under other items, non-alcoholic beverages amounted to about 0.27, 0.34 and 0.22, respectively, indicating that they are necessary commodities. The rest of the expenditure on food and drink in urban areas was almost necessary in 2017. The minimum expenditure for various food commodities in urban areas was about 7021.2 and 12857.6 pounds / year for 2015 and 2017, respectively. Expenditure elasticities of fish, fruit and food products not classified under other items amounted to about 0.45, 0.15 and 0.45, respectively, indicating that they are necessary commodities.The rest of the expenditure on food and drink in the rural areas was almost necessary in 2017. The minimum expenditure for various food commodities in the rural areas was about 7,603,2 and 13,654.7 pounds / year for 2015 and 2017, respectively. Expenditure elasticities of fish and food products not classifie","PeriodicalId":11430,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83659468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}