Earth Surface Processes and Landforms最新文献

{"title":"Links between pore system evolution, lake genesis and limnological characteristics: Evidence from basin morphology, specific conductivity and lake level variability on San Salvador Island, Bahamas","authors":"Charles I. Breithaupt,&nbsp;Ronald A. Knoll,&nbsp;Jason D. Gulley,&nbsp;Shawn M. Fullmer,&nbsp;Paul J. Moore,&nbsp;Charles Kerans,&nbsp;Patricia Spellman,&nbsp;Natalie Salazar","doi":"10.1002/esp.70048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70048","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lake-aquifer connectivity in coastal carbonate platforms is governed by diagenetic and depositional processes which influence basin morphology. Because coastal aquifers are known to have tidally controlled water levels, tidal fluctuations in lakes may be used to expand areal measurements of permeability and establish a link between regional-scale connectivity and lake genesis. To evaluate the link between basin connectivity and genesis, we compared time series of water level fluctuations collected at high temporal resolution in the ocean and 24 lakes and ponds on San Salvador Island, Bahamas. By treating each lake as a well with a very large footprint, we calculated apparent hydraulic diffusivity and aquifer permeability of the rocks surrounding each lake to relative and regional-scale connectivity of lakes to the ocean. We paired apparent permeabilities (10^−14.4 to 10^−9.8 m²) with observations of basin morphologies derived from light detection and ranging (LIDAR) to identify five distinct lake types that reflect varying degrees of diagenesis of rocks separating lakes from the ocean: (1) Back beach flood basins formed due of sedimentation and sea-level rise. Back beach flood basins that formed during the Holocene have the lowest apparent permeabilities (10^−14.4 m²). (2) Cutoff lagoons, which sediments connect offshore cays, and plug tidal inlets resulting in isolated lakes. Cutoff lagoons which formed during the Holocene also have low apparent permeabilities (10^−13.9 to 10^−12.8 m²). (3) Dune swale lakes formed when rising sea-levels flooded topography created by previous sea-level highstands and have apparent permeabilities of 10^−12.5 m². Dune swale lakes have (4) karst lakes, which form when caves or touching vugs link lakebeds to the ocean have the highest apparent permeabilities of 10^−9.8 m². (5) Overflow ponds, which receive water when high tides, cause neighbouring karst lakes to spill over a topographic divide. For lakes which do not exhibit any aquifer/ocean connectivity, we suggest low permeability exposure surfaces lining the lakebed drive hydraulic isolation.</p>","PeriodicalId":11408,"journal":{"name":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","volume":"50 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143949961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microtopography-scale research on the sediment connectivity of hillslopes based on optimised M&V depression-filling and a simulated annealing algorithm","authors":"Ke Song,&nbsp;Wenyu Wang,&nbsp;Xinlan Liang,&nbsp;Yang Liu,&nbsp;Ying Cao,&nbsp;Yong Wang","doi":"10.1002/esp.70082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70082","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sediment connectivity serves as a crucial indicator for assessing the extent of soil erosion, thus reflecting the potential sediment transport capacity within a given watershed. Depression filling is one of the most elementary operation procedures in the hydrologic analysis of surface microtopography. However, the influence of microtopography on sediment connectivity calculated by a high-efficiency algorithm at the hillslope scale remains uncertain. In this study, we developed an improved depression-filling algorithm based on digital elevation models (DEMs) to evaluate the sediment index of connectivity (<i>IC</i>) under different microtopographic treatments (surfaces with continuous depressions, alternating depressions, continuous mounds, alternating mounds, continuous mounds and depressions, and alternating mounds and depressions) during rainfall events. A smooth surface was used for the control treatment. The results indicated that the presence of microtopographic conditions and the type of algorithm significantly influenced sediment connectivity and yield. The mean <i>IC</i> values obtained from different algorithms notably differed. The combined M&amp;V depression-filling–simulated annealing algorithms (M&amp;V–SAA) generated relatively few parallel flow directions, thereby promoting the creation of additional continuous sediment connectivity paths. The slope surface with alternating mounds significantly increased the sediment yield, whereas that with alternating mounds and depressions markedly decreased the sediment yield at a rainfall intensity of 60 mm h⁻¹. The <i>IC</i> value calculated via the M&amp;V–SAA algorithm was significantly positively correlated with the sediment yield, whereas the <i>IC</i> values calculated via the other algorithms were not significantly correlated with the sediment yield. A simulated annealing mechanism was integrated into the M&amp;V algorithm, thereby increasing the accuracy of the calculated <i>IC</i> values at the microtopographic scale. These findings could critically inform the optimisation of sediment connectivity models and provide a precise quantitative description of sediment transport during rainfall events.</p>","PeriodicalId":11408,"journal":{"name":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","volume":"50 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying streambank erosion: A comparison of physical surveys, aerial imagery and UAS LiDAR surveys","authors":"Layla El-Khoury,&nbsp;Jack Kurki-Fox,&nbsp;Barbara Doll","doi":"10.1002/esp.70039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70039","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Excessive or accelerated streambank erosion can harm stream ecosystems and negatively impact water supply and infrastructure systems. Streambank erosion can be the most significant source of in-stream sediment loads and associated contaminants. Site-specific, low-cost and timesaving methods to quantify active erosion rates are needed to identify and prioritize locations for restoration actions focused on reducing sediment loads and improving stream functions. Therefore, we examined several methods for quantifying streambank erosion at smaller spatial and temporal scales that are typical of most restoration projects. Physical surveys, aerial imagery analysis and Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) based light detection and ranging (LiDAR) surveys were conducted to document erosion at three streams in the Blue Ridge and Ridge and Valley regions of Virginia. Three methods were used to quantify bank retreat: 1) cross-section (XS) surveys, 2) top-of-bank (TOB) surveys and 3) aerial imagery analysis. The bank retreat rates were compared to rates estimated from aerial images collected during 2007 to 2019. All three methods were then paired with field-measured bank heights to estimate the volume of erosion. Reachwide erosion volumes were also estimated with digital elevation models (DEM) of Difference (DoD) using LiDAR data collected with an UAS. The estimated eroded sediment volumes varied widely across all methods but were of a similar magnitude. DoD produced the lowest estimated sediment loads, highest uncertainty and was statistically different from the average of the maximum erosion measured at all cross-sections. The volume of streambank erosion ranged from 0.18 to 1.26 m³/m/yr across all sites for all methods excluding DoD. Based on the small size of our study streams and the short monitoring period (one to two years), DoD was the least suitable method. Selecting the appropriate method for documenting and quantifying erosion depends on the time available, the purpose of estimating erosion, the resolution required and stream conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11408,"journal":{"name":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","volume":"50 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/esp.70039","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143949960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lagrangian simulation of bedload-sized particle trajectories at a 90° river confluence","authors":"Yufang Ni,&nbsp;Gelare Moradi,&nbsp;Zhixian Cao,&nbsp;Stuart N. Lane","doi":"10.1002/esp.70080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70080","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Whilst confluence hydrodynamics are now very well known, their morphodynamics are less so. This is particularly true for bedload transport, including the trajectories followed by bedload supplied to a confluence by the main channel or the tributary, and their interactions. Field measurement of this phenomenon is currently difficult. Laboratory measurement allows study of gross effects, but not the detailed physics of the process. This paper applies a Lagrangian particle tracking model to a 90° discordant confluence, i.e. where the tributary enters the main channel at a height above the mainstream bed. The model was set up to represent the confluence of the Rhône and Avançon Rivers, Switzerland. The model is based upon a three-dimensional solution of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in the open-source toolbox OpenFOAM. It applies a Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation. Particle movement allows for coupled interactions between particles as well as between particles and the stream bed. Results show that as bedload arrives at the tributary mouth, there is size segregation. Some particles from the tributary fall rapidly to the mainstream bed and then travel along the main channel margin to the zone where bank-attached point bars commonly form. Others travel further into the main channel, notably if interactions between particles are allowed. The zone of maximum shear between the joining flows tends to have lower densities of particle tracks. There is sediment sorting at the junction with the very coarsest particles, due to interactions and momentum effects, and the very finest particles, due to greater ease of turbulent suspension, extending further into the main channel.</p>","PeriodicalId":11408,"journal":{"name":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","volume":"50 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drill core Uranium and Neodymium isotopic constraints on the provenance of the Mu Us dune field, northern China","authors":"Maotong Li,&nbsp;Guodong Zhang,&nbsp;Benhong Guo,&nbsp;Fei Peng,&nbsp;Haopeng Geng,&nbsp;Junsheng Nie","doi":"10.1002/esp.70078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70078","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Recent studies suggest that sediments derived from the northeastern Tibetan Plateau are potential sources for the western Mu Us dune field in northern China. However, this hypothesis conflicts with the (²³⁴U/²³⁸U) activity ratios and Nd isotopic values of the modern western Mu Us dune field. Here, we measured the (²³⁴U/²³⁸U) activity ratios and Nd isotopic values of two late Quaternary drill core samples from the western Mu Us dune field. The results align with the ranges observed in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau-derived upper Yellow River samples, confirming that these sediments are a likely source for the western Mu Us dune field during periods unaffected by human activity. This finding underscores the role of aeolian-fluvial interactions in shaping the dryland landscape of northern China. We suspect that the modern Mu Us dune field samples may have been affected by factors like human activities so inferences of sedimentary provenance based solely on modern samples should be cautious.</p>","PeriodicalId":11408,"journal":{"name":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","volume":"50 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143930526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variance-based shoreline extraction from nearshore video monitoring systems","authors":"Marion Jaud,&nbsp;Emmanuel Augereau,&nbsp;Titouan Saint-Cyr,&nbsp;Nicolas Le Dantec,&nbsp;Christophe Delacourt","doi":"10.1002/esp.70077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70077","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Under the effect of various hydrodynamic forcings, the morphology of the coastal zone and more particularly the intertidal zone is subject to short-term variations. Capable of autonomous continuous recording, video camera systems offer a good opportunity to capture these short-term morphological variations. Extracting a topography of the intertidal zone from these videos involves detecting successive shorelines on the foreshore during a tidal cycle by assigning them an altitude. Detecting this shoreline is therefore a key stage. Here, considering the shoreline as the boundary between a moving zone (wave breaking) and a supposedly stable zone, we propose a method based on ‘variance images’ (in reality, calculated as the median for 5 min video of the standard deviations on radiometry of each pixel over 10 s intervals). The method was evaluated at four sites with different geo-morphological characteristics, different camera installations and with a wide range of weather conditions (including stormy ones). Of the 111 randomly selected images, 73% of the shorelines were correctly detected (reaching 95% for the Ruscumunoc site). These raw results could be further improved by adding a filtering step or by optimising the installation (avoiding mast vibrations, pruning vegetation, etc.). The Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) generated potentially on a daily basis over the intertidal zone will make it possible to study topographic variations under different conditions (reconstructive regime, impact of an extreme event, etc.).</p>","PeriodicalId":11408,"journal":{"name":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","volume":"50 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/esp.70077","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143930525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling the impact of trenches on soil erosion control using OpenLISEM on Mount Elgon, Uganda","authors":"Hosea Opedes,&nbsp;Lena F. Fuchs,&nbsp;Jantiene E. M. Baartman,&nbsp;Caspar A. Mücher,&nbsp;Aad Kessler,&nbsp;Coen J. Ritsema","doi":"10.1002/esp.70074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70074","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Soil erosion, accelerated by anthropogenic activities, is a major driver of land degradation, resulting in the removal of fertile soil, humus and organic matter. On the steep slopes of the densely populated Mount Elgon region (Uganda), several soil and water conservation (SWC) measures, such as trenches (fanya juu/fanya chini), are adopted to counteract this challenge. Despite the adoption of SWC measures, soil erosion persists and the effectiveness of these interventions remains unassessed. This study characterises trenches in the upper Manafwa catchment, simulates their impacts on erosion and introduces a novel approach to integrating sub-grid structures through enhanced micro-depression storage. Trench dimensions were established through field surveys, and their impact on erosion at a sub-catchment level was evaluated using the hydrological and soil erosion model OpenLISEM. Because the actual trenches are (much) smaller than the DEM resolution used, trenches were parameterized by readjusting the random roughness of agricultural areas as a proxy to include micro-depression storage as provided by trenches in the field. Two likely future scenarios were considered: (1) no trenches (or abandonment of trenches) in any of the agricultural fields, and (2) implementation of trenches in all agricultural fields. This was compared with the current situation of the Ukha sub-catchment, where about 62% of the agricultural area has trenches. The field surveys revealed that trenches were mostly established on contour lines and the dimensions varied substantially, averaging 3 m in length, 0.7 m in width and 0.5 m in depth. Model simulations, calibrated against measured hydrograph data, estimated that non-adoption or abandonment of trenches (scenario 1) led to a 75.97% increase in runoff and a 35.12% increase in soil loss for the simulated rainfall event. In contrast, adopting trenches in all agricultural fields (scenario 2) reduced runoff by 40.45% and soil loss by 33.81% as compared to the current situation. Fostering the widespread adoption of trenches is therefore recommended for sustainable land management, reducing erosion and for ecosystem conservation in the Mount Elgon region.</p>","PeriodicalId":11408,"journal":{"name":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","volume":"50 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/esp.70074","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143926046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-annual variability of storm events and morphological response in the SW Iceland: The Valahnúkamöl boulder barrier","authors":"Pierre Stéphan,&nbsp;Antoine Le Doeuff,&nbsp;Serge Suanez,&nbsp;Guillaume Dodet,&nbsp;David Didier,&nbsp;Ronan Autret,&nbsp;Jérôme Ammann,&nbsp;Sigurður Sigurðarson,&nbsp;Clémentine Fanton","doi":"10.1002/esp.70072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70072","url":null,"abstract":"<p>While many studies have highlighted the high mobility of gravel/pebble beaches due to storm waves, further research is needed to improve understanding of the morphodynamic of coastal boulder accumulations. This paper provides original data about storm-induced morphogenetic processes for the Valahnúkamöl boulder barrier located in the Reykjanes Peninsula (SW Iceland). The study is based on annual topo-morphological surveys conducted from 2015 to 2023 and a shoreline change analysis for the period 1978–2023 using a series of aerial photos. In addition, hydrodynamic conditions (wave and water levels) were analysed using field records and model results. Results show a good correspondence of the morphological changes of the barrier to the frequency/energy of morphogenetic events. Interannual surveys (2015–2023) indicate a high mobility of boulders across the beachface regardless of the variability of hydrodynamic conditions. In contrast, boulders located on the crest and the back-barrier moved more episodically by overtopping and overwashing processes during extreme events combining storm waves and high spring tide levels. A massive landward transfer of boulders resulting in the most significant barrier retreat, −6.1 m, was recorded during the winter 2022. Between 1978 and 2023, the mesoscale shoreline changes of the barrier retreated landward by rollover. The pluri-decadal variability in shoreline retreat rates seemed to be strongly controlled by extreme hydrodynamic conditions. However, this cross-shore dynamic responses to episodic overwash depended on specific geological constraints. This survey provides a first quantitative assessment of the morphological impact of significant morphogenetic events within the highly energetic hydrodynamic context of SW Iceland. These data complement surveys undergone through a wide range of coastal morphologies elsewhere along the Western coasts of the North Atlantic basin. Such assessments may prove useful in anticipating the potential intensification of hydrodynamic conditions at mid-latitudes due to climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":11408,"journal":{"name":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","volume":"50 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/esp.70072","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A possible initiation mechanism of Muztag rock avalanche induced by nearby fault creep","authors":"Yingbin Zhang,&nbsp;Qingdong Wang,&nbsp;Pengcheng Yu,&nbsp;Lei Wang,&nbsp;Zhongkun Zhang,&nbsp;Jianxian He,&nbsp;Yao Xiao,&nbsp;Xinyan Peng,&nbsp;Wenfang Wang,&nbsp;Qiangong Cheng,&nbsp;Marco Bohnhoff","doi":"10.1002/esp.70066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70066","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Rock avalanches are catastrophic events that can be triggered by various geological and climatic factors. Large-scale rock avalanches have been observed near fault zones, indicating a potential relationship between fault creep motions and the initiation of rock avalanches. This study proposes a physical mechanism that explains how fault creep leads to the initiation of near-fault rock avalanches through stress redistribution. The Muztag rock avalanche which occurred near the Muztag fault in Muztag Ata, Kashgar, China is revisited using field measurements and numerical modelling. We consider the Muztag rock avalanche model with its initial slope toe supported by a portion of the fault's hanging wall. Site-specific numerical simulations using discontinuous deformation analysis (DDA) reveal that fault creep initially generates localized stress concentrations at the slope toe. Once the slope toe completely detaches from the hanging wall, the slope toe fails when the accumulated stress exceeds the local strength, resulting in a sharp stress drop. This stress redistribution triggers consecutive failure at the bottom of the rear edge and middle slope, forming a through-going shear sliding surface, which leads to the initiation of the overall rock avalanche. The kinematic processes of the avalanche, including sliding distance and deposit thickness, as modelled by DDA, are consistent with the post-failure characteristics of the Muztag rock avalanche. These findings suggest that tectonic fault creep motions can play a significant role in inducing near-fault rock avalanches.</p>","PeriodicalId":11408,"journal":{"name":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","volume":"50 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of post-event kinematics of Baige landslide using multi-source remotely-sensed imagery","authors":"Zhenyan Lai,&nbsp;Xuguo Shi,&nbsp;Daqing Ge,&nbsp;Menghua Li,&nbsp;Chencheng Li,&nbsp;Li Zhang","doi":"10.1002/esp.70076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70076","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Baige landslide, which experienced two major collapses on October 10 and November 3, 2018, resulted in the formation of a landslide dam on the Jinsha River, causing significant socio-economic damage. Despite these catastrophic events, ongoing deformation has been observed, indicating persistent landslide activity and a continued risk of future failures. In this study, we integrated multi-source remote sensing imagery to investigate the post-failure kinematics of the Baige landslide from 2019 to 2023. Small baseline subset interferometric synthetic aperture radar (SBAS-InSAR) was employed to derive slow moving displacement rates of Baige landslide from the Sentinel-1 and ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 datasets. Two-dimensional (2D) displacement by integration of InSAR measurements revealed maximum vertical and eastward displacement rates of −357.1 mm/yr and 382.1 mm/yr, respectively. Pixel offset tracking (POT) analysis of Sentinel-2 and ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 datasets further facilitated the derivation of three-dimensional (3D) displacement rates, with maximum vertical and horizontal displacements of −7.2 m/yr and 5.4 m/yr in the upper sections, respectively. The significant variations in displacement rates are related to the fractured surfaces within the landslide. A one-dimensional pore pressure diffusion model estimated the hydraulic diffusivity of the landslide as approximately 4.95 × 10⁻⁵ m²/s, with an unstable mass thickness of ~ 65 m near the head scarp. Seasonal accelerations correlated with rainfall highlight the role of hydrological factors in landslide dynamics. This study demonstrates the value of integrating multi-source remote sensing data to monitor landslides, providing critical insights for hazard assessment and mitigation in the Jinsha River Basin and similar high-risk regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11408,"journal":{"name":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","volume":"50 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}