Early Intervention in Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Transdiagnostic Biomarkers of Psychopathology: A Conceptual Review","authors":"Katelyn Hummel,&nbsp;Luigi Boccuto,&nbsp;Sara M. Sarasua,&nbsp;Kendra Allison,&nbsp;Garrie B. Thompson III","doi":"10.1111/eip.70267","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eip.70267","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Psychiatric biomarker research has traditionally been organized around diagnostic categories, but clinical heterogeneity, comorbidity and shared biological mechanisms across psychiatric conditions have increased interest in transdiagnostic approaches. These approaches may be especially relevant for early recognition, stratification and intervention planning. Despite this growing interest, the concept of the transdiagnostic biomarker remains unclear. This conceptual review aimed to clarify how transdiagnostic biomarkers of psychopathology are represented in psychiatric research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Systematically identified empirical literature and concept explication were used to examine biomarker modalities, indexed psychopathology-related constructs, transdiagnostic framing and conceptual boundary issues across studies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Transdiagnostic biomarker research was found to encompass several approaches, including diagnosis-spanning comparisons, symptom-based models, subgroup-based approaches, cross-domain extensions beyond traditional psychiatric categories and research aligned with alternative frameworks such as the Research Domain Criteria or the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology. A conceptual framework is proposed comprising three linked elements: the measurable indicator, the psychopathology-related construct and the transdiagnostic scope of that construct. Within this framework, a transdiagnostic biomarker is defined as a measurable biological or biobehavioural indicator of a psychopathology-related construct that spans multiple diagnostic categories or extends beyond them.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Greater conceptual clarity of transdiagnostic biomarkers may strengthen psychiatric biomarker discovery by improving construct alignment and supporting their use in biomarker-informed stratification, early intervention, treatment selection, prognosis and precision psychiatry.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11385,"journal":{"name":"Early Intervention in Psychiatry","volume":"20 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13631371/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149105774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thriving in the City: An Urban Living Lab to Facilitate Recovery From Psychosis","authors":"Lilith Abrahamyan Empson,&nbsp;Philippe Conus,&nbsp;Ola Söderström,&nbsp;Marc Winz,&nbsp;Sandra Vieira,&nbsp;Jérôme Favrod,&nbsp;Aurora Ruggeri,&nbsp;Jules Brischoux,&nbsp;Anastasie Jordan,&nbsp;Philippe Golay","doi":"10.1111/eip.70257","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eip.70257","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Protective factors and resources to recovery in urban milieus remain poorly understood, calling for user-led initiatives to develop relevant interventions embedded in patients' daily-life environments. Experience-based co-design is key to need-based interventions in real-life settings and calls for novel methodologies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Observation</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This multi-stakeholder (service users, psychiatrists, geographers, community actors and public authorities) initiative aims to identify key elements of an ‘urban recovery milieu for psychosis’ in Lausanne, Switzerland based on a Living Lab approach. Beyond questions of usage, feasibility and acceptability, we will identify which types of interventions are more useful for which group of patients. This pilot phase may pave the way towards a future randomized control trial and the definition of the most appropriate sample size for it.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Qualitative data are collected through field notes, audio-recorded walk-alongs, workshops and focus groups with care teams and participants. The quantitative analysis is based on observational and correlational study design. We will assess how 55 patients of two psychosis-specialized cohorts use the urban interventions in their day-to-day practices and monitor psychometric variables before and after the experimentation. The data stems from tailor-made questionnaires (City avoidance questionnaire, Urban remediation questionnaire, etc.), clinical rating scales (ASI, RAS, TEPS, ISMI and CRDPS) and routine follow-up procedures (SOFAS, GAF, CGI, WHOQOL and PAS).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Additionally, insights from this study will inform mental health plan on municipal level and be upscaled for broader public benefits.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11385,"journal":{"name":"Early Intervention in Psychiatry","volume":"20 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13628143/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149105803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on ‘The Impact of Psychological Interventions on Functioning in the Context of Borderline Personality Disorder Features for Adolescents and Young Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis’","authors":"Banasmita Nath,&nbsp;Chumi Das,&nbsp;Sanjeeb Mallick","doi":"10.1111/eip.70247","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eip.70247","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11385,"journal":{"name":"Early Intervention in Psychiatry","volume":"20 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149079835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing Youth Early Intervention in Psychosis Services: A Secondary Framework Synthesis of Organisational Recommendations","authors":"Pasquale Scognamiglio,&nbsp;Anna Longobardi,&nbsp;Raffaele Rea,&nbsp;Alessandro Colella,&nbsp;Valeria Iniziato,&nbsp;Pasquale Saviano,&nbsp;Silvestro La Pia,&nbsp;Vassilis Martiadis","doi":"10.1111/eip.70252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eip.70252","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Early intervention in psychosis (EIP) is increasingly framed as a youth-oriented model of care, but its translation into reproducible service structures remains uneven across healthcare systems. Although clinical practice guidelines and quality standards address clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P) and first-episode psychosis (FEP), their organisational recommendations have received limited focused synthesis. This study examined the service-architecture recommendations embedded in international early psychosis guidance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a secondary framework synthesis of a completed systematic review of 26 international guidance documents, comprising 24 clinical practice guidelines and two quality standards. Recommendations concerning service configuration and organisation were retained and mapped onto four service-design domains: access and entry, team model and service setting, coordination and continuity of care and youth-friendly delivery context. Endorsement frequencies and harmonised grading patterns were summarised descriptively at document level.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Organisational recommendations were identified in 17 CHR-P-relevant and 22 FEP-relevant documents. The strongest convergence concerned specialised service structures, including multidisciplinary CHR-P services or dedicated pathways in 16/17 documents and specialised outpatient EIP teams in 20/22 FEP documents. Coordination and continuity components were also recurrent, particularly inter-service integration and assertive community treatment or intensive case management for FEP. Access arrangements, transition policies and youth-friendly delivery contexts were frequently mentioned, but were less consistently operationalised or supported by directive grading.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>International early psychosis guidance converges on a recognisable organisational architecture, but service-design domains are specified with unequal consistency. By reorganising recommendations already embedded in existing guidance, the framework may support service planning, benchmarking, pathway redesign and policy development, while identifying areas requiring more operational guidance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11385,"journal":{"name":"Early Intervention in Psychiatry","volume":"20 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149068457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Redesigning a Fidelity Measurement Tool for Early Psychosis Services: Responding to Evolving Service Landscapes in Australia","authors":"Carly S. Talarico,&nbsp;Shona Francey,&nbsp;Craig Hamilton,&nbsp;Kirsten Cleland,&nbsp;Vidhi Oberoi,&nbsp;Vanessa Skellern,&nbsp;Yong Ly,&nbsp;Alyssa Milton,&nbsp;Ellie Brown","doi":"10.1111/eip.70263","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eip.70263","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In Australia, early implementation of headspace Early Psychosis (hEP) services was supported by fidelity assessments using the Early Psychosis Prevention and Intervention Centre (EPPIC) Model Integrity Tool (EMIT). Its suitability became limited by ceiling effects and limited sensitivity to evolving service contexts. This paper describes the redevelopment of EMIT into the Revised-EMIT (REMIT) and testing implementation of the tool.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A multi-phase mixed-methods, human-centred design approach was used. Phases included reviewing international fidelity frameworks, stakeholder co-design and iterative redevelopment of fidelity items, scoring and data sources. Testing of the REMIT occurred over 2 years via face-to-face visits to hEP clusters, using semi-structured interviews, review of organisational documents and clinical file audits. Routine data reporting via Tableau embedded Learning Health System principles within the process. National fidelity trends across fidelity item outcomes for all six hEP service clusters were descriptively analysed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The REMIT was found to reduce ceiling effects and improve sensitivity. National mean REMIT score increased from 3.99 (2023) to 4.19 (2024), with notable gains in caseload management, physical health monitoring and measuring key outcomes. Relational domains (such as continuous engagement and family involvement) remained persistently low across services and years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The REMIT offers a pragmatic, sensitive fidelity measure for contemporary hEP services. Findings support the use of REMIT as an active learning system rather than a static compliance mechanism. Psychometric evaluation of the tool is now required, and ongoing iterative refinement will be essential to maintain relevance within Australia's evolving youth mental health system.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11385,"journal":{"name":"Early Intervention in Psychiatry","volume":"20 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eip.70263","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149037104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Trajectories of Multidimensional Outcomes in Psychosis Following Early Intervention During the Critical Period: The PEPP-Montreal 10+ Study Protocol","authors":"Olivier Percie du Sert,&nbsp;Joseph Ghanem,&nbsp;Vanessa McGrory,&nbsp;Karyne Anselmo,&nbsp;Kelly K. Anderson,&nbsp;Srividya Iyer,&nbsp;Ridha Joober,&nbsp;Jai Shah,&nbsp;Ashok Malla,&nbsp;Martin Lepage","doi":"10.1111/eip.70258","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eip.70258","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While early intervention services (EIS) have demonstrated short-term benefits, the long-term maintenance of these gains remains uncertain. Individuals with first-episode psychosis exhibit significant variability in their course of recovery. Understanding the risk and protective factors that shape long-term outcome trajectories is essential to predicting and promoting sustained recovery. Here, we present the protocol for an extended 10-year follow-up study of social, mental, cognitive, and physical health outcomes, supplemented through linkage with health administrative databases to offer a holistic perspective on long-term outcome trajectories.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The primary objective of the study is to model the heterogeneity of long-term trajectories across multiple outcome dimensions over a 10-year follow-up period using data-driven methods.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Prevention and Early Intervention Program for Psychoses (PEPP-Montreal) is a well-established, high-fidelity EIS program operating within a universal healthcare system and an epidemiologically defined catchment area in South-West Montréal, Canada. Between 2003 and 2018, PEPP-Montreal conducted a detailed two-year longitudinal assessment of 689 individuals aged 14–35 with first-episode affective or non-affective psychosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study will help distinguish clinically meaningful subgroups, characterize their profiles, and identify early predictors of long-term outcomes while providing insight into the mechanisms of change within trajectories. In particular, the study will assess whether trajectories shaped during the critical period are sustained over the long term. To our knowledge, this represents the most comprehensive investigation of long-term trajectories following EIS in North America and is expected to lay the groundwork for optimizing EIS and developing personalized interventions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11385,"journal":{"name":"Early Intervention in Psychiatry","volume":"20 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eip.70258","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149030133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply: Every Patient With Catatonia, Psychosis and Eating Disorders Should Be Studied for Secondary Causes","authors":"Rosiel Elwyn","doi":"10.1111/eip.70248","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eip.70248","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11385,"journal":{"name":"Early Intervention in Psychiatry","volume":"20 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149023995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peer Support and Family Peer Support Services in Coordinated Specialty Care Programmes in the United States","authors":"Tina Marshall,&nbsp;John Cosgrove,&nbsp;Vanessa V. Klodnick,&nbsp;Brianne LaPelusa,&nbsp;Preethy George,&nbsp;Howard H. Goldman,&nbsp;Abram Rosenblatt","doi":"10.1111/eip.70249","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eip.70249","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Early Psychosis Intervention Network (EPINET) funded by the National Institute of Mental Health includes 111 early psychosis programmes across the United States. This investigation examines the prevalence of peer support and family peer support within CSC programmes. We describe the settings in which peer support and family peer support are offered, as well as other contextual factors (such as policies and funding mechanisms) associated with offering peer support and family peer support.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A programme-level measure was used to capture services, the location of service delivery and funding for services at one timepoint. These data were linked with external state-level data to examine whether state policies were associated with offering peer support and family peer support.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Most programmes (80%) offered peer support services and 59% offered family peer support. The findings suggest that availability of funding sources and support on the state level may facilitate CSC programmes offering peer support and family peer support.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although peer support and family peer support were not originally conceptualized as core CSC services, currently most CSC programmes in the United States offer peer support and more than half also offer family peer support, suggesting the need for more research to understand variations in service delivery and impact on outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11385,"journal":{"name":"Early Intervention in Psychiatry","volume":"20 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149030088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Every Patient With Catatonia, Psychosis and Eating Disorders Should Be Studied for Secondary Causes","authors":"João Gama-Marques,&nbsp;Josef Finsterer","doi":"10.1111/eip.70255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eip.70255","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11385,"journal":{"name":"Early Intervention in Psychiatry","volume":"20 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149007556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the Arabic 21-Item Peters et al. Delusions Inventory (PDI-21): Prevalence, Factor Structure, Reliability, Validity and Measurement Invariance in Young Nonclinical Adults","authors":"Feten Fekih-Romdhane,&nbsp;Nelly Kheir,&nbsp;Nour Zarrougui,&nbsp;Farah Ghrissi,&nbsp;Sahar Obeid,&nbsp;Majda Cheour,&nbsp;Souheil Hallit","doi":"10.1111/eip.70260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eip.70260","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Making available a sound tool to screen for delusion experiences at a nonclinical level in Arabic-speaking contexts could enable the timely detection of at-risk individuals, advance understanding of the phenotypic expression of delusions and provide new insights into the relationship of delusion experiences with different psychopathological indicators at a subclinical level. The purpose of this study was to validate the 21-item Peters et al. Delusions Inventory (PDI-21) in the Arabic language.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional study was conducted during the period from August 2025 to January 2026. The sample consisted of 706 community adults aged 18–35 years. To obtain the Arabic version of the PDI-21, the scale underwent a rigorous translation process using the standard Backward-Forward method and following the international guidelines. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to examine the factor structure of the scale. Reliability, convergent validity and measurement invariance across gender were also assessed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence rates of self-reported delusion experiences in our sample ranged from 10% to 79%. Seven items showed an endorsement rate above 40%. The single-dimension structure had an overall acceptable fit with the data, with strong support from the CFI, TLI and RMSEA despite a slightly elevated SRMR and moderate average variance extracted (AVE) values. Loadings on the one factor ranged from 0.37 to 0.78. The total score exhibited excellent internal consistency reliability, as reflected by a Cronbach's alpha of 0.82. Measurement invariance was established across sex. Convergent validity was achieved by observing a moderate-to-strong positive correlation between PDI-21 scores and psychotic experiences frequency score. In addition, concurrent validity was supported by showing that individuals who endorsed greater delusion experiences had higher psychological distress, greater stress levels and more childhood trauma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study provided evidence for satisfactory reliability and validity for the single-dimension PDI-21 in its Arabic version. The scale can now be used by professionals working with Tunisian and other Arabic-speaking populations as a robust and accurate tool for assessing delusional beliefs among community adults, with future cross-national studies being needed to further establish its generalizability across diverse Arabic-speaking contexts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11385,"journal":{"name":"Early Intervention in Psychiatry","volume":"20 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149007499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}