Current Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Emergence of MDR Enterobacter hormaechei RSM5 in Pharma Effluent and its Implications in β-lactam Antibiotic Removal from Effluent.","authors":"Swati Srivastava, Virendra Singh Rana, Rajni Singh","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04103-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-025-04103-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antibiotic resistance poses the biggest threats to global health and development and also to food security. β-lactam antibiotics (BLAs) responsible for the transpeptidation/cross-linking process during cell wall biosynthesis contribute to the maximum resistance. The production of β-lactamase enzyme is a significant contributing factor to the development of antibiotic resistance to β-lactam antibiotics. Unintentional disposal of antibiotics from the manufacturing units of pharma industries to the water bodies enhances the exposure of antibiotics, contributing to resistance. This study describes the presence of > 50 antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains in pharma effluent of Himachal Pradesh, India. Among 54 isolates, 40% showed ampicillin resistance above 100 µg/mL, 13% showed resistance above 5000 µg/mL, and 3 strains showed resistance at 15,000 µg/mL of ampicillin. Enterobacter hormaechei RSM5 showed the highest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and cell viability and was selected for further studies. It produces lactamase (0.24 U/mL) to resist the higher concentration of antibiotics present in the media/effluent and demonstrated resistance against 3 different classes of antibiotics, confirming its status as a multidrug resistance (MDR) strain. The high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of the isolate demonstrated that Enterobacter hormaechei RSM5 can degrade ampicillin within 24 h of incubation in medium/effluent. The emergence of Enterobacter as a pathogen with antibiotic resistance poses a significant health concern that could also be explored for the removal of antibiotics from the effluent at the source. The future of research in this area needs to be open and mindful of new approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 3","pages":"127"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D as an Adjuvant Immune Enhancer to SARS-Cov-2 Vaccine.","authors":"Azza Salamony, Maha Abdelsalam, Nancy Elguindy, Wael H Roshdy, Amr Youssef, Yara Shamikh","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04095-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00284-025-04095-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The SARS-CoV-2 vaccine is an important keystone in fighting against the virus. The vaccination alone could not prevent all SARS-CoV-2 viral infections or even its spread, especially after the emergence of newly mutant strains. The immune response to the SARS-CoV-2 vaccines varies greatly from one person to another. Age, along with adequate micronutrients, especially vitamin D, are major factors influencing immunity. We aimed to analyze SARS-CoV-2 vaccine neutralization potency and the total IgG antibodies along with 25-hydroxy-cholecalciferol concentrations in a cohort of healthy Egyptian vaccinated adults. 196 individuals were included; 145 females and 51 males, with an age range between 22 and 59 years old, from the first time of vaccination and over 16 weeks long. Three blood samples were taken from each individual at three time points; before the 1st dose of vaccination, before the 2nd dose of vaccination, and after 8 weeks of complete vaccination. The samples were analyzed using a chemiluminescent immunoassay to measure vitamin D level and titer of neutralizing and IgG antibodies. A lower level of neutralizing antibodies was detected in deficient and insufficient vitamin D-vaccinated individuals. However, a sufficient titer was detected in individuals with normal vitamin D. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with a suppressed immune response against SARS-CoV-2 despite vaccination. Thus, we made inquiries about using vitamin D as an adjuvant to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, and its relation with the production of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 3","pages":"122"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143364022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing Burden of Antibiotic Resistance in India Due to Co-existence of Multiple Classes of Carbapenem and Different Aminoglycoside Resistance Genes in Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii.","authors":"Ashutosh Kumar Amar, Lipsa Panda, Karavali Prasad, Ajit Ramesh Sawant, Meerabai Manoharan, Jagdish Menon, Sujatha Sistla, K Prashanth","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04097-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-025-04097-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acinetobacter baumannii is a significant pathogen responsible for resistant recalcitrant infections and outbreaks in hospitals worldwide, which is of much concern. The main goal of the present study is to determine the levels of antibiotic resistance in recent clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii and to investigate the presence of diverse resistance determinants among these isolates and also to correlate these findings. A total of 133 A. baumannii clinical isolates from hospitalized patients were investigated for antibiotic resistance levels by determining their MIC by microbroth dilution method. The presence of β-lactamase-encoding genes (bla_PER-1, bla_NDM-1, bla_IMP-1, bla_ADC, bla_OXA51, bla_OXA23, bla_OXA58 and bla_OXA24), aminoglycoside resistance-related genes (armA, aph3(III), aac3(I), aac6, ant3, and aph3(I) and genes associated with biofilm formation were checked by amplifying them by PCR using gene specific primers. The genotyping of isolates was carried out by REP-PCR. Coexistence of diverse intrinsic and acquired carbapenem-hydrolyzing β-lactamases (CHDLs) genes was observed in the isolates: Ambler class A: bla_PER-1 (50.37%), Class B: bla_NDM-1 (63.90%), bla_IMP-1 (76%), Class C: bla_ADC (75.93) and class D: bla_OXA-23 (91.7%), bla_OXA-51 (97.74%). A significant difference (P < 0.05) was observed in the prevalence of bla_OXA-23 among the isolates obtained from ICU (n = 52) patients and with that of non-ICU (n = 81) patients. MIC results revealed 105 (79%) isolates were extremely drug-resistant (XDR) while 28 (21%) isolates were multi-drug-resistant. All the isolates were susceptible only to colistin. Rampant emergence of XDR isolates and co-existence of multiple CHDLs and different aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes genes in A. baumannii isolates in this study points out the increasing burden of antibiotic resistance in our region.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 3","pages":"120"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143255053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photobiostimulation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with Nano Cobalt Ferrite: A Sustainable Approach to Bioethanol Production from Banana Peels.","authors":"Samar Saeed, Mona Maghraby, Ashraf Y Elnaggar, Shams H Abdel-Hafez, Yasser A Attia","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04099-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-025-04099-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study presents a pioneering investigation into the effects of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CoFe₂O₄ NPs) on the fermentation efficiency of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the production of bioethanol from banana peel biomass. The findings reveal a notable difference between the control sample, which produced only 11.16% bioethanol, and the enhanced yield achieved with the addition of 100 ppm CoFe₂O₄ nanoparticles, which reached an impressive 52.16%. This substantial increase underscores the potential of nanomaterials to catalyze fermentation processes, likely due to their unique physicochemical properties that enhance metabolic activity in yeast cells. Additionally, the study explored the impact of visible light irradiation on bioethanol production. Light exposure alone resulted in a 15.44% increase in ethanol yield compared to the control sample without nanoparticles. This emphasizes the role of light in enhancing fermentation dynamics, potentially by providing additional energy for metabolic reactions. When CoFe₂O₄ nanoparticles were activated by visible light, their stimulating effects on ethanol production were further intensified, leading to a remarkable ethanol yield of 63.01%. These results indicate a synergistic relationship between the nanoparticles and light, where the photoactivation of the nanomaterials not only boosts their catalytic properties but also enhances the overall metabolic activity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This suggests a promising approach for developing more efficient fermentation processes, potentially increasing bioethanol yields while utilizing waste materials. Overall, the integration of nanotechnology with renewable biomass resources offers a viable pathway toward more sustainable energy solutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 3","pages":"117"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing Cyclic di-GMP Signaling: A Strategic Approach to Combat Bacterial Biofilm-Associated Chronic Infections.","authors":"P Snega Priya, Ramu Meenatchi, Mukesh Pasupuleti, S Karthick Raja Namasivayam, Jesu Arockiaraj","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04091-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-025-04091-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) plays a vital role within the nucleotide signaling network of bacteria, participating in various biological processes such as biofilm formation and toxin production, among others. Substantial evidence demonstrates its critical involvement in the progression of chronic infections. Treating chronic infections seems critical, and there is a worldwide quest for drugs that target pathogens' unique and complex virulence-associated signaling networks. c-di-GMP is a promising therapeutic target by serving as a distinct virulence factor, solving problems associated with drug resistance, biofilm dispersion, and its related septicemia complications. c-di-GMP levels act as checkpoints for several biofilm-associated molecular pathways, viz., Gac/Rsm, BrlR, and SagS signaling systems. C-di-GMP is also engaged in the Wsp chemosensory pathway responsible for rugose small colony variants observed in cystic fibrosis-related lung infections. Considering all factors, c-di-GMP serves as a pivotal hub in the intricate cascade of biofilm regulation. By overseeing QS systems, exopolysaccharide synthesis, and antibiotic resistance pathways in chronic infections, it emerges as a linchpin for effective drug development strategies against biofilm-related ailments. This underscores the significance of understanding the multifaceted signaling networks. c-di-GMP's role is highlighted in this review as a concealed virulence component in various bacterial pathogens, suggesting that medications targeting it could hold promise in treating chronic disorders associated with biofilms.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 3","pages":"118"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143255044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Purification and Immobilization of Burkholderia gladioli Cholesterol Oxidase on Calcium Alginate, with Robust Catalytic Stability for Cholesterol Oxidation In Vitro.","authors":"Ashraf S A El-Sayed, Ahmed A Shindia, Walaa M El-Badry, Ahmed A Mostafa, Abdullah A Al-Ghanayem, Amgad M Rady","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04084-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-025-04084-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cholesterol oxidase (COX) is a key enzyme in diagnostic kits of cardiovascular diseases via oxidation of cholesterol producing smart enantiomerically compounds; however, the enzyme catalytic stability is the challenge. So, the objective of this study was to purify COX from novel endophytic bacterial isolates of medicinal plants that could have unique catalytic efficiency for the desired applications. Among the recovered forty bacterial isolates, Burkholderia gladioli EFBL PQ721377, an endophyte of Eruca sativa, had the highest COX productivity (14.7 μmol/mg/min). The COX productivity of B. gladioli has been maximized by with the response surface methodology, giving the highest productivity 30.9 μmol/mg/min, by ~ 2.0-fold increment compared to control. The enzyme was purified to its molecular homogeneity with subunit structure 40 kDa. The enzyme was entrapped in Ca-alginate with immobilization yield 87.5%, and the efficiency and homogeneity in Ca-alginate beads were assessed by FTIR and SEM-EDX analyses. The free and Ca-alginate-COX conjugates have the same maximum reaction temperature at 37-40 °C, reaction pH at 7.5 and pH stability at 6.5-8.0. The thermal stability of Ca-alginate-COX was increased by ~ 7.0 folds compared to the free one, ensuring the protective role of alginate beads on enzyme tertiary structure. Ca-alginate-COX had a higher potency of oxidation of human serum cholesterol, than the free one, confirming the feasibility of the product release, and allosteric activation of the enzyme, with a reliable operative stability till the fifth cycle, for production of cholest-4-en-3-one, as the precursor of various drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 3","pages":"119"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143255057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Rhizospheric Alkali-Halotolerant Bacillus sp. KhSb-159 Enhanced Growth Parameters of the Mung Bean Crop.","authors":"Nishtha R Vaghela, Sangeeta D Gohel","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04087-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-025-04087-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) play a crucial role in enhancing plant growth through various direct and indirect mechanisms. In this investigation, we isolated a potential PGPR, Bacillus sp. KhSb-159, from the rhizosphere of Sorghum bicolor L. located at Kharaghoda, Little Rann of Kutch (LRK), Gujarat (India). The isolated Bacillus sp. KhSb-159 displayed distinctive characteristics, forming circular, sticky, opaque, moderate-sized colonies with brown pigmentation. Interestingly, this strain exhibited growth at an alkaline pH of 9, even in the presence of 1 M NaCl (w/v). Further analysis revealed its capacity to produce indole acetic acid (IAA), ammonia, siderophores, and the ability to solubilize phosphate. In addition, KhSb-159 showed extracellular enzyme secretion, including amylase, protease, and cellulase. Bacillus sp. strain KhSb-159 demonstrated its potential to enhance the growth of mung bean crops which is a significant agricultural application. The treated seeds exhibited improvements in various growth parameters such as shoot length, root length, plant biomass, number of leaves, number of roots, fresh weight of shoot, dry weight of shoot, fresh weight of root, dry weight of root, fresh weight of leaves, and dry weight of leaves. Overall, Bacillus sp. strain KhSb-159 would be a good choice for bioformulation in sustainable agriculture due to its diverse range of abilities. This study has implications for the advancement of eco-friendly farming methods and offers insightful information about using rhizobacterial strains to maximize plant growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 3","pages":"114"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143187671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase, Plasmid-Mediated- AmpC, and Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from Companion and Production Animals in Brazil.","authors":"Larissa M Chicoski, Arthur R da Costa, Maísa F Menck-Costa, Francisco E Pereira Rocha, Raffaella M Mainardi, Alais M Dall Agnol, Ulisses P Pereira","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04104-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-025-04104-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The crisis of bacterial resistance is an emerging One Health challenge, driven by the overuse of antimicrobials in medical and agricultural settings. This study aimed to investigate extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), Ampicillinase (AmpC), and carbapenemase production, and the presence of genes encoding these enzymes in Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., and Proteus spp., major contributors to infections and resistance isolates from animals. From 2016 to 2021, 130 multidrug-resistant (MDR) or extensively drug-resistant (XDR) isolates were recovered from the secretions, excretions, and organs of companion and production animals with active infections. Antibacterial sensitivity tests, along with phenotypic and genotypic detection of resistance enzymes, were performed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in Brazil to estimate the prevalence of XDR Enterobacteriales isolated from companion and production animals, which accounted for 13.8% of the strains. Statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) in resistant bacteria between different classes and within the same class of antibacterial bacteria were found. The statistical probability between genotypic detection of ESBL (OR = 3.1) and phenotypic tests for AmpC (OR = 2.3) was also established. Approximately 32.3%, 17.6%, and 16.8% of the strains had positive phenotypic tests for ESBL, AmpC, and carbapenemases, respectively. Genetic analysis revealed the presence of bla_CTX-M (60.0%), bla_AmpC (9.18%), bla_KPC-2 (0.76%), and bla_NDM (1.52%). AmpC genes were identified in 8.46% of the samples, with bla_CMY being the most frequent (6.92%), followed by bla_DHA (0.77%), and bla_FOX (0.77%). The sequenced amplicons were deposited in NCBI. This study reveals critical data on Enterobacteriaceae with antibacterial resistance genes isolated from animals and may pose a significant threat to One health.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 3","pages":"112"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Antibiotic-Sensitive Bacillus Strain as a Potential Probiotic for Enhanced Growth in Penaeus vannamei.","authors":"Yiwen Gu, Ke Xu, Zhuoran Chen, Yanxu Lu, Shuguang Fang, Kun Hu, Xin Ju, Liangzhi Li, Zhi Chen","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04092-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-025-04092-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The safety of probiotics in aquaculture, particularly concerning the transfer of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), has become a significant concern. This study aims to isolate antibiotic-sensitive Bacillus strains from the gut of Penaeus vannamei and evaluate the potential for practical application in shrimp farming. The strain was tested for antibiotic sensitivity to 10 commonly used antibiotics, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were determined. Morphological analysis and 16S rRNA sequencing confirmed its identity. The probiotic properties, antibacterial activity, and feeding effects on P. vannamei were also assessed. The results showed that Bacillus sp. J3 and Lysinibacillus sp. R4 were generally sensitive to antibiotics but resistant to sulfapyridine and ciprofloxacin. Both strains exhibited acid and bile salt resistance in vitro and performed well in extracellular hydrolase tests. J3 demonstrated co-coagulation effects against Aeromonas veronii, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Vibrio alginolyticus, with coagulation rates over 35%, while R4 showed the highest co-coagulation rate (47%) against V. alginolyticus. Both strains exhibited strong antibacterial activity, with inhibition zones ranging from 20 to 22.5 mm. Preliminary shrimp farming tests showed that R4 improved shrimp growth and survival rates compared to the control, and its combination with Bacillus coagulans resulted in even greater efficacy. These findings suggest that Lysinibacillus sp. R4 holds promise as a probiotic for enhancing P. vannamei growth, and future research could explore the use of multiple probiotic combinations in aquaculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 3","pages":"115"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production Optimization and Potential Bioactivities of Biosurfactant from PET Surface-Dwelling Oligotrophic Bacillus sp. EIKU23.","authors":"Atif Aziz Chowdhury, Nilendu Basak, Taniya Roy, Sayantani Paul, Ajar Nath Yadav, Sk Imran Ali, Ekramul Islam","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04088-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-025-04088-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The growing demand for efficient biosurfactants in various industrial sectors has driven the search for sustainable alternatives, enhanced production methods, and low-cost substrates. This study aimed to optimize the production, characterize, and assess the bioactivities of biosurfactants produced by an oligotrophic PET plastic-associated Bacillus sp. EIKU23. The bacterium yielded the highest amount of biosurfactant after 6 days of incubation in Luria broth medium (pH 7.0) at 30 °C without any additives. FTIR and NMR analyses confirmed the lipopeptide nature of the biosurfactant, which exhibited a negative charge. The biosurfactant remained stable at 4 °C-80 °C and pH 7.0-8.0 for at least 7 days. It exhibited antioxidant properties comparable to the ascorbic acid standard, with efficacy ranging from 23.61% to 89.96% in different antioxidant assays. It showed antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative potential pathogens. The biosurfactant induced substantial DNA leakage at a concentration of 10 mg/mL and eradicated approximately 48.4% of pre-formed Staphylococcus aureus biofilm and showed anti-attachment behaviour to a polystyrene surface. Additionally, the biosurfactant precipitated up to 98.7% uranium from an aqueous solution, demonstrating its potential for bioremediation. These findings suggest that the biosurfactant produced by Bacillus sp. EIKU23 is multifunctional with promising applications in bioremediation, antibacterial activity, antibiofilm formation, and antioxidant defense, offering a novel solution for sustainable industrial practices and plastic waste management.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 3","pages":"113"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}