Current Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Suppression of the Rhizoma Coptidis-Mediated Antibiotic Cross-Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus Using Radix Paeoniae Rubra.","authors":"Chaoheng Chen, Yilan Huang, Yanke Liao, Sugui Lan, Zining Liang, Jing Yuan, Qiang Tan","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04463-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00284-025-04463-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanism of action and further identify main active ingredient by which Radix Paeoniae Rubra extracts (RPRE) inhibited the cross-resistance to tetracycline (TET), piperacillin (PIP), and gentamicin (GEN) mediated by Rhizoma Coptidis extracts (RCE) in Staphylococcus aureus (SA). Treatment with mixed solutions of RCE and RPRE resulted in disappearance of TET, PIP, or GEN resistance compared to what was shown with RCE treatment alone. Fifteen relevant resistant genes (smrB, bmr3, nhoA, BTN44_15030, clpL, hisG, norA, fmtA_1, emrB_1, BTN44_07590, paiA, icaR, BTN44_13995, HMPREF0776_1664 and vraG) were significantly downregulated compared to the RCE-induced mutants. RPRE was sequentially fractionated using macroporous resin and silica gel column chromatography, and all resulting eluates exhibited the antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus ATCC 25923. When exposed to RCE combined with either 30% EE or DCM:MeOH(5:1) eluates, no significant cross-resistance to the tested antibiotics was observed in the induced isolates. Similarly, the expression levels of the fifteen resistant genes were markedly reduced. Furthermore, gallic acid (GA) was identified in the two aforementioned eluates using HPLC-MS. After selection with a mixed solution of RCE and GA, the induced strains displayed no cross-resistance to the tested antibiotics, and the expression of the resistant genes was significantly decreased. These results suggest that GA is a key active ingredient in RPRE responsible for suppressing RCE-mediated cross-resistance to TET, PIP, and GEN in SA.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 10","pages":"472"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome‑Based Reclassification of Dactylosporangium matsuzakiense Shomura and Niida 1983 As A Later Heterotypic Synonym of Dactylosporangium vinaceum Shomura et al. 1983 and Proposal of Dactylosporangium vinaceum subsp. vinaceum subsp. nov. and Dactylosporangium vinaceum subsp. matsuzakiense subsp. nov.","authors":"Rafik Ould Taleb, Rafika Saker, Khaoula Bouznada, Hadj Ahmed Belaouni, Atika Meklat","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04448-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00284-025-04448-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study reports comprehensive phylogenomic and comparative analyses between Dactylosporangium vinaceum NRRL B-16297^T and Dactylosporangium matsuzakiense VKM Ac-1321^T to clarify their taxonomic relationship. Genomic relatedness analyses between both type strains yielded an average nucleotide identity (ANI) of 97.6%, an average amino acid identity (AAI) of 99.1% and an estimated digital DNA-DNA (dDDH) hybridization of 79.1%, indicating a shared taxonomic position for D. vinaceum and D. matsuzakiense. This relationship is confirmed by phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene, whole genome and core genes, which indicates that the strains studied form a well-supported monophyletic group. Based on these comprehensive findings, we propose to reclassify Dactylosporangium vinaceum NRRL B-16297^T (= SF-2127^T) and Dactylosporangium matsuzakiense VKM Ac-1321^T (= SF-2052^T) as the same species, in which the name should be Dactylosporangium vinaceum Shomura et al. 1983. Furthermore, based on dDDH value and associated phenotypic data, type strain NRRL B-16297^T represents Dactylosporangium vinaceum subsp. vinaceum subsp. nov. and type strain VKM Ac-1321^T represents Dactylosporangium vinaceum subsp. matsuzakiense subsp. nov.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 10","pages":"471"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Levilactobacillus brevis MW362790 and Pediococcus pentosaceus MT323062 Alleviate Cadmium-Induced Oxidative Stress and Hepato-renal Toxicity.","authors":"Mamoona Hameed, Saman Javed, Najma Arshad, Zaman Gul, Maria Mushtaq, Aneela Munir, Kiran Shazadi, Muhammad Arshad, Saleha Noureen","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04382-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00284-025-04382-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heavy metal contamination, particularly cadmium (Cd), poses serious health risks through bioaccumulation and oxidative stress. Certain lactic acid bacteria (LAB) exhibit metal-binding properties and have demonstrated potential in mitigating Cd toxicity. This study evaluated the ameliorative effects of two locally isolated LAB strains Levilactobacillus brevis MW362790 and Pediococcus pentosaceus MT323062 against Cd-induced toxicity in rat model. Over 12 weeks of experiment, rats were divided into four groups (I-IV): a negative control, a CdCl₂-intoxicated positive control (3 mg/kg body weight), and two treatment groups receiving CdCl₂ along with either L. brevis or P. pentosaceus (5 × 10⁹ CFU/kg body weight), respectively. Blood samples were collected fortnightly, while liver, kidney, adipose tissue, and fecal samples were collected at the end of the experiment. Compared to the positive control, both probiotic-treated groups (III and IV) displayed significantly reduced Cd accumulation in tissues, improved levels of hepatic and renal function markers, decreased malondialdehyde and total oxidative stress markers, and enhanced enzymatic antioxidant activities. Histopathological evaluations further corroborated these findings, by revealing reduced tissue damage in treated animals. Moreover, the increased fecal Cd excretion in the same groups indicated effective intestinal Cd elimination. This is the first report demonstrating Cd-attenuating potential of L. brevis MW362790, underscoring the therapeutic significance of locally isolated LAB strains in managing heavy metal toxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 10","pages":"469"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive Molecular Profiling of AcrAB-TolC Efflux Pump Genes in Salmonella typhi Isolates from Typhoid Infected Patients.","authors":"Muhammad, Sadiq Azam, Noor Rehman, Alaa S Alhegaili, Ibrar Khan, Aakash Ahmad, Atif Ali Khan Khalil, Sajid Ali","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04460-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00284-025-04460-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Salmonella typhi is a facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped, Gram-negative bacterium that causes typhoid fever, a potentially fatal systemic infection. This study aimed to characterize antibiotic susceptibility patterns, mutations at the molecular level, and efflux pump genes in clinical isolates. In this study, blood samples (n = 2950) were collected from suspected typhoid-infected patients, and 380 (12.88%) bacterial isolates were found, comprising 144 (37.89%) Gram-positive and 236 (62.10%) Gram-negative bacteria. S. typhi was identified in 95 isolates (25%), corresponding to an overall prevalence of 3.22%. Biochemical identification was performed by Analytical Profile Index (API) 20-E strips, and molecular identification was done by partial 16S rRNA gene using PCR. The S. typhi isolates were categorized into multidrug-resistant (MDR), 13 (13.68%), and extensively drug-resistant (XDR), 82 (86.31%), and their resistance patterns were recorded. Ampicillin (98.94%) and chloramphenicol (93.68%) showed the highest antibiotic resistance profiles, while azithromycin and meropenem exhibited no resistance. Numerous mutations were found in acrA, acrB, and tolC genes after sequencing; TolC (MDR) showed the highest score (16 points), and AcrB (MDR) displayed the lowest score (9 points). I-Mutant 2.0 was used to assess mutations and calculate the reliability index (RI), whereas trRosetta and Discovery Studio were used to predict and refine 3D protein models. Consensus sequences of the selected genes were analyzed to construct phylogenetic trees illustrating evolutionary relationships with other Salmonella enterica serovars. The study emphasizes the concerning multidrug resistance of S. typhi isolates as well as notable mutations (genetic changes) that may affect efflux pump activity and contribute to resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 10","pages":"470"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Baicalin Inhibits the Infection of CEK Cells by IBV.","authors":"Xiaohui Guo, Yining Liu, Qinghui Jia, Chen Li, Zibo Wei, Yang Yang, Shuguang Li, Jingshuai Zang, Zhiqiang Zhang, Tonglei Wu","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04418-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00284-025-04418-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Baicalin possesses anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and immunomodulatory effects. However, the antiviral effect of baicalin against infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) has not been well-studied. In this study, chicken embryo kidney (CEK) cells were used as a model to investigate the antiviral effects of baicalin against the IBV Hebei QX strain. Virus TCID₅₀, the MNTC of baicalin on CEK cells, CPE observation, CCK-8 assay for viral inhibition rate, and qPCR for viral load were performed to evaluate the antiviral effect of baicalin and determine its optimal mechanism of action. Additionally, to explore the molecular mechanism of baicalin's inhibition of IBV infection, we adopted real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) to assess its impact on the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5/interferon regulatory factor 7 (MDA5/IRF7) signaling pathways. The results showed that baicalin exhibited a maximum inhibition rate of 68.37% when acting through direct virucidal effects, which was 14.07% higher than the inhibition rate observed under the adsorption-blocking method (54.30%). Under the replication-blocking method, baicalin achieved a maximum inhibition rate of 56.31%, which showed no significant difference from the ribavirin group, but was 2.01% higher than the adsorption-blocking method. These findings suggest that baicalin significantly inhibits IBV replication, with direct virucidal activity as the primary antiviral mechanism. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that baicalin downregulated the expression of NF-κB signaling molecules, suppressed the expression of cytokines such as TRAF6, TAB1, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, and promoted the relative expression of IL-10. Furthermore, baicalin upregulated the MDA5/IRF7 pathway, enhancing the expression of cytokines IFN-α and IFN-β. These findings provide a theoretical foundation and new insights for the prevention and treatment of IBV in poultry.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 10","pages":"468"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Multilocus Sequence Typing Scheme for Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus Based on Whole-Genome Sequencing Data.","authors":"Ali Özcan, Deniz Kiraz, Çağlar Yeniyiğit, İlker Gül","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04373-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00284-025-04373-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, we developed a novel 13 housekeeping gene multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme for Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus (L. bulgaricus) using whole-genome sequencing data, comprising 218 GenBank-retrieved and 29 newly isolated Turkish strains. We identified 291 distinct alleles across 13 housekeeping genes (clpX, pepX, pheS, mutL, murE, dnaA, gyrB, ddlA, pyrG, rpoB, fusA, recA, and tuf), with allele frequencies ranging from 2.7 to 10.9%, and defined 133 sequence types (STs), including 12 novel STs (ST122-ST133) unique to Turkish isolates, demonstrating superior discriminatory power compared to prior 8-gene MLST schemes (106 STs). This scheme offers a practical, standardized, and less computationally demanding alternative to core genome MLST (cgMLST) for large-scale epidemiological and industrial tracking, while maintaining high resolution. Population structure analysis revealed 17 clonal complexes (CC1-CC17) and 76 singleton STs (57.1%), with the largest complex (CC-1) containing 17 STs. Turkish isolates formed a distinct clonal complex (CC-6) or existed as singletons, underscoring their genetic uniqueness. Genetic diversity analyses showed significant differences between reference and Turkish populations, with nucleotide diversity (π) values of 0.00364 and 0.00225, respectively. The gyrB locus exhibited the highest diversity in reference strains (π = 0.00858), while pyrG and mutL showed the highest diversity in Turkish isolates. Significant linkage disequilibrium was detected in both populations ( <math><msubsup><mi>I</mi> <mrow><mtext>A</mtext></mrow> <mtext>S</mtext></msubsup> </math>  = 0.2653 for reference strains; <math><msubsup><mi>I</mi> <mrow><mtext>A</mtext></mrow> <mtext>S</mtext></msubsup> </math>  = 0.3395 for Turkish isolates), suggesting predominantly clonal population structures with limited recombination. Split decomposition and Phi test analyses confirmed the presence of recombination (P < 0.05) across the concatenated sequences. These findings enhance our understanding of L. bulgaricus population genetics and highlight the importance of geographical diversity in shaping bacterial evolution. This standardized MLST scheme provides a robust, scalable, and portable framework for starter culture selection and the tracking of traditional dairy microbiota, complementing higher-resolution whole-genome typing methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 10","pages":"467"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Macrolide Antibiotic Nafithromycin for Tackling Emerging Resistance in Respiratory Pathogens Encountered in India.","authors":"Swati Paliwal, Kajal Chaudhary, Uma Agarwal, Rajiv Kumar Tonk","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04455-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00284-025-04455-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nafithromycin (WCK 4873), is India's first approved macrolide antibiotic by DCGI(Drug Controller General of India), represents a significant advancement in combating antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. After three decades of research and development, supported by BIRAC, Wockhardt Ltd. successfully developed this innovative lactone- ketolide antibiotic which demonstrates superior efficacy against respiratory pathogens, particularly drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. Its unique structural modifications at the C-3 position and enhanced side chain configurations improve its pharmacological profile compared to previous generation macrolides. Nafithromycin binds to both domains II and V of 23 s rRna, thereby circumventing the resistance mechanisms which impacts older macrolide due to their single target binding. Owing to dual binding of nafithromycin, it is more potent than the older macrolides. Additionally, nafithromycin exhibits immunomodulatory effects in acute lung injury models, suggesting potential therapeutic benefits beyond its antimicrobial activity. Moreover, Phase I and II trials demonstrate its safety and tolerability, with minimal drug-drug interactions due to reduced CYP3A4/5 inhibition. Phase III results show that nafithromycin is effective against a wide variety of respiratory infections as well as intracellular atypical pathogens which can be difficult to treat other ways. No significant AEs were encountered. In this comprehensive review, the adverse effects of other antibiotics are examined, along with the benefits of nafithromycin over other medications, its development, mechanism of action, structure-activity relationships, clinical efficacy, drug delivery strategies via various routes to overcome antimicrobial resistance, strategies to combat antimicrobial resistance, and future perspectives in addressing the global antimicrobial resistance challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 10","pages":"465"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity of Culturable Endophytic Fungi Associated with Avocado Orchards Under Organic and Conventional Management.","authors":"Daniel Sánchez-Hernández, John Larsen, Frédérique Reverchon","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04454-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00284-025-04454-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endophytic fungi constitute a great resource for the implementation of sustainable agricultural practices. However, their diversity may be altered by agrochemicals used in conventionally managed agrosystems. Here we explored the culturable diversity of endophytic fungi associated with avocado (Persea americana Mill.) in conventional and organic orchards from three counties of the world's leading productive region. In total, 529 endophytic fungal isolates were obtained from branches and roots of avocado trees. Identification based on ITS sequencing showed that most isolates belonged to the Ascomycota phylum (98%) and were grouped into 52 fungal genera, representing 102 tentative species. The endophytic fungal community was dominated by genera which were common to both management types, namely Fusarium, Colletotrichum, Dactylonectria, and Diaporthe / Phomopsis. Twenty fungal genera were exclusive to organic orchards (e.g., Hypoxylon and Talaromyces) and 10 were only found in conventional orchards (e.g., Trichoderma). Fungal richness and diversity were higher in organic than in conventional orchards. Ordination and clustering analyses revealed a stronger effect of site than of management type on endophytic fungal community structure, highlighting the influence of local factors in shaping the culturable endophytic fungal community. Overall, our findings confirm the negative impact of conventional management on the diversity of crop-associated endophytic fungi and the significant influence of local factors on endophytic fungal assemblages. Moreover, our results emphasize the need to assess the risk that possible latent fungal pathogens may represent for the crop or dominant forest species surrounding avocado orchards.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 10","pages":"466"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Taxonomic Characterization and Genome Analysis of Polaribacter gochangensis sp. nov., Isolated From a Tidal Clam Farm.","authors":"Akila Kathiresan, Hyung-Seop Kim, Ke Dong, Sathiyaraj Srinivasan, Sang-Seob Lee","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04433-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00284-025-04433-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Strain MF5-112^T is a Gram-negative, aerobic, non-motile, ovoid, and non-flagellated bacterium with yellow pigmentation that exhibits oxidase-positive and catalase-negative characteristics. It was isolated from tidal mudflat sediment at a clam farm in Gochang, Republic of Korea. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons revealed that strain MF5-112^T belongs to the family Flavobacteriaceae. The closest relative was the type strain of Polaribacter huanghezhanensis KCTC 32516^T (97.1% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), followed by P. pacificus HRA130-1^T (96.3%). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, one unidentified phospholipid, two unidentified aminophospholipids, and two unidentified aminolipids. The predominant cellular fatty acids included iso-C_15:0, iso-C_15:0 3-OH_, iso-C_17:0 3-OH, anteiso-C_15:0, iso-C_15:1 G_, iso-C_13:0, and C_15:1ω6c, with menaquinone-6 identified as the major respiratory quinone. The strain MF5-112^T exhibits a dual nitrogen metabolism capability, involving both assimilatory nitrate reduction and partial denitrification, which is essential for nitrogen cycling in marine environments. In 72 h, it reduced ammonia nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N) by 59.5% and nitrate nitrogen (NO₃⁻-N) by 42.0%, with ammonia as the preferred nitrogen source. The genome spans 2.6 Mbp with a G + C content of 31.3%, containing 2,454 genes, including 14 related to nitrogen metabolism pathways. Essential genes such as nit-6, nasBDC, nirK, and nirS facilitate the conversion of nitrate and nitrite to ammonia and further reduce nitrite to nitric oxide (NO) and nitrous oxide (N₂O). These characteristics suggest that strain MF5-112^T plays a role in nitrogen cycling within sedimentary ecosystems. Based on its unique genetic and phenotypic properties, strain MF5-112^T represents a novel species of the genus Polaribacter, for which the name Polaribacter gochangensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MF5-112^T (= KEMB 23950^T = KCTC 102318^T = JCM 37723^T).</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 10","pages":"463"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144871980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Plant Oils in Combating Streptococcal Infections: Mechanisms, Efficacy, and Therapeutic Potential.","authors":"Svarnim Samant, Madhavi Ojha, Devinder Toor","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04438-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00284-025-04438-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Streptococcal infections, caused by species such as Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Streptococcus mutans, represent a major global health concern, particularly in the face of rising antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Conventional treatments-including vaccines and antibiotics-are increasingly compromised by factors such as genetic variability, biofilm formation, and drug resistance mechanisms. In this context, plant-derived oils emerge as promising alternatives due to their broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and complex phytochemical profiles that hinder resistance development.This review consolidates current findings on the antimicrobial efficacy of plant oils against streptococcal pathogens, emphasizing their mechanisms of action-disruption of bacterial membranes, inhibition of biofilm formation, and interference with quorum sensing. Essential oils from Thymus vulgaris, Origanum vulgare, Cinnamomum verum, and Eucalyptus spp. exhibit notable activity. The review further highlights the phytochemical composition of these oils, including terpenes, aldehydes, and phenolics, and their synergistic effects, both internally and with conventional antibiotics. Applications in topical formulations, oral hygiene products, and advanced delivery systems such as nanoemulsions are explored, alongside cytotoxicity, allergenicity, and environmental sustainability considerations. Despite their potential, plant oils face challenges such as variability in chemical composition and limited clinical validation. Future directions call for standardization, advanced delivery methods, expanded toxicological studies, and sustainable production practices. Overall, this review explores plant oils as natural, effective, and sustainable alternatives to combat streptococcal infections, particularly in the era of escalating antibiotic resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 10","pages":"460"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144871981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}