Current Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Oryzobacter faecalis sp. nov., an Antibiotics-Resistant Actinobacterium of the Family Intrasporangiaceae Isolated from Pig Faeces.","authors":"Xinyan He, Miaohuan Xiong, Bin Liu, Qiuxiang Yan","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04309-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00284-025-04309-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, rod-shaped, and non-motile bacterium, designated strain R7^T, was isolated from pig faeces. Strain R7^T grew at 15-37 °C (optimum 30 °C), pH 6-8 (optimum pH 7), and salinity of 0-5.0% (w/v; optimum 1.0%). Strain R7^T was resistant to cefradine, ampicillin, gentamicin, and spectinomycin. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain R7^T belonged to genus Oryzobacter, and showed 98.9% similarity with Oryzobacter terrae PSGM2-16^T. The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain R7^T and O. terrae PSGM2-16^T were 84.5% and 27.6%, respectively. The predominant fatty acids of strain R7^T were iso-C_16:0, C_17:1ω8c, iso-C_14:0, C_17:0, and iso-C_15:0. The predominant ubiquinone was MK-8(H₄). The major polar lipids of strain R7^T were phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, aminophosphoglycolipid, one unidentified phospholipid, and two unidentified polar lipids. The diagnostic diamino acid of the cell-wall peptidoglycan was meso-diaminopimelic acid. Based on the phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic evidence, strain R7^T represents a novel species in the genus Oryzobacter, for which the name Oryzobacter faecalis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is R7^T (=GDMCC 1.4961^T = KCTC 59403^T = KACC 23902^T).</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 8","pages":"333"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moraxella marmotae sp. nov. Isolated from the Respiratory Tract of Marmota himalayana.","authors":"Jinlv Liu, Yaqi Wang, Juan Zhou, Qiang Hou, Jiajia Ma, Danna Pu, Ji Pu, Feifei Wang, Jing Yang, Shan Lu","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04307-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00284-025-04307-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two novel Gram-stain-negative, Oxidase-positive, catalase-negative, aerobic, non-motile and coccus-shaped bacterial strains (ZJ142^T and ZJ171) were isolated from the respiratory tract of marmots collected from Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (Altitude: 3600 m; N: 33°13'57'', E: 97°1'11'') in Qinghai Province. The 16S rRNA genes of strains ZJ142^T and ZJ171 are most similar to Moraxella porci DSM 25326^T (99.04%). The phylogenetic tree based on the 16S rRNA gene and phylogenomic tree based on 700 single-copy core genes indicated that strains ZJ142^T and ZJ171 formed a distinct clade within the genus Moraxella. Two novel strains exhibiting Orthologous Average Nucleotide Identity values (ANI) ≤ 77.0% and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values (dDDH) ≤ 25.4% within the genus Moraxella affirmed their distinctiveness. The dDDH and ANI between strains ZJ142^T and ZJ171 were 73.3% and 97.1%, respectively. Compared to other species in the genus Moraxella, both strains have similar colony morphology and growth conditions, and are capable of hydrolyzing esculin. Based on the phenotypic, phylogenetic, and physiological results, the two strains were classified as a novel species of the genus Moraxella, for which we proposed the name Moraxella marmotae sp. nov. (type strain ZJ142^T = GDMCC 1.3113^T = JCM 35324^T). In type strain ZJ142^T, we predicted biosynthetic gene clusters of lipooligosaccharide (LOS), pili and nitrate reductase and other virulence genes. Considering the respiratory source of our isolates and the best known pathogen in genus Moraxella, Moraxella catarrhalis, a well-known human respiratory pathogen, Moraxella marmotae sp. nov. may be a potential pathogen.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 8","pages":"332"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revealing the Prokaryotic Microbial Community Structures and their Ecological Potentials in Manjanggul Cave, a Lava Tube on Jeju Island.","authors":"Minji Kim, So-Jeong Kim, In-Tae Cha, Soo-Je Park","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04318-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00284-025-04318-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the prokaryotic microbiota-comprising both archaea and bacteria-of Manjanggul Cave, a UNESCO World Heritage lava tube on Jeju Island, South Korea. Despite their geological significance, the archaeal and bacterial community structures within Jeju Island's diverse cave systems have remained largely unexplored, primarily due to access restrictions. Here, we used high-throughput sequencing of archaeal and bacterial 16S rRNA genes, as well as biostatistics, to elucidate the structure and diversity of these communities within Manjanggul Cave. The findings revealed that the bacterial community was dominated by Proteobacteria, while Crenarchaeota (classified by silva) was the predominant archaeal phylum. Notably, the ammonia-oxidizing archaeal genus Nitrososphaera was highly abundant, whereas ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (genera Nitrosococcus and Nitrosomonas) were detected at extremely low levels. The nitrite-oxidizing bacterial genus Nitrospira was consistently abundant across all samples, suggesting that Nitrososphaera/Nitrospira may play crucial roles in aerobic nitrification within the cave ecosystem. Intriguingly, a high proportion of haloarchaea was also observed, which may be attributed to the unique geological characteristics of Jeju Island, indicating a distinct microbial ecosystem within Manjanggul Cave. In conclusion, this study provides molecular evidence for the mixing of indigenous cave-associated prokaryotic communities with external microbial populations, suggesting potential alterations in the composition of both communities within Manjanggul Cave. These findings underscore the importance of research to understand the impact of human activities on cave microbial ecosystems, and the need for conservation strategies to preserve these unique environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 8","pages":"331"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144274366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation, Screening, Identification of Cellulolytic Bacteria and Optimization of Factors Affecting FPUase Synthesis for Bagasse Hydrolysis.","authors":"Le Duy Khuong, Van Minh Nguyen, Roan Thi Do, Huong Thi Thanh Doan, Don Nguyen, Sang Van Vu, Hong Thi Nguyen, Ichiro Kamei, Chu Luong Tri","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04298-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00284-025-04298-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The screening of FPUase-synthesizing bacteria and optimization of hydrolysis conditions for alkaline pre-treated bagasse are key focuses of current research. This study systematically screened cellulose‑degrading bacteria from soil, mud, and cow liver samples, identifying HL04 as a robust FPUase‑producing strain. Based on 16S rRNA ribosome sequence, HL04 was identified as Bacillus safensis, a newly discovered microorganism capable of synthesizing FPUase. FPUase production conditions were optimized through single‑factor experiments analyzing fermentation time, substrate concentration, pH, and temperature. Using the Box-Behnken Design (BBD) under the response surface methodology (RSM), the study refined these factors to enhance FPUase production. The resulting second-degree polynomial model demonstrated high validity (R² = 0.9913), and statistically significant interactions (P < 0.05). Optimal conditions-12 g/L of substrate concentration, pH 7, and a fermentation temperature of 40 °C-yielded the highest FPUase activity of 61.5 U/L.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 7","pages":"330"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144246960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Local Genomic Epidemiology of Acinetobacter baumannii Circulating in Hospital and Non-hospital Environments in Kano, Northwest Nigeria.","authors":"I Yusuf, H B Idris, E Skiebe, G Wilharm","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04304-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00284-025-04304-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acinetobacter baumannii is a pathogenic bacterium of public health significance, capable of rapidly spreading within and between environments. The local epidemiology and transmission pattern of A. baumannii strains circulating in hospitals and non-hospital environments is rarely studied, and hence this is investigated in Kano, Nigeria. A cross-sectional study design was used to collect 172 samples from clinical, hospital, and non-hospital samples. Acinetobacter baumannii isolates were identified and confirmed using microbiological and molecular techniques. Variants of bla_OXA-51 were determined through amplicon sequencing, while whole genome sequencing was performed on 22 isolates to determine their allelic variants/sequence types (ST), resistance/virulence genes, insertion sequences, plasmids, single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) and investigate phylogenetic relationships between the isolates. Twenty-seven A. baumannii were isolated from door handle and toilet floors of student hostels (14), soil and sullage samples (3 each), bed, chair, and drawer of hospital environments (9), and 1 from the urine of a patient. All these isolates belong to only 2 variants of bla_OXA51-like genes, 16 (48.8%) are bla_OXA-66 and 11 (33.3%) are bla_OXA-180. About 70% of the isolates were susceptible to many antibiotics, and 8 resistance genes encoding aminoglycoside, tetracycline, and sulphonamide resistance were acquired by only strains harbouring bla_OXA-66, and between 37 and 39 virulence genes were harboured by all the variants. Intrinsic bla_ADC-25 encoding resistance to β-lactams was found in all A. baumannii strains. The 2 variants had Pasteur scheme MLST allelic profiles ST2 and 267, which are not commonly reported in Nigeria. Few isolates from hospital and non-hospital sources form a cluster with SNPs number distances within the two clusters in the range of 85-100, suggesting a close relationship. The 2 variants circulate in both environments, suggesting transmission in both directions. Detection of ST267 (bla_OXA-180 variant) in a clinical sample indicates an environment-to-human transmission.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 7","pages":"329"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12146226/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144246961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential Microbial Composition and Fiber Degradation in Two Sloth Species (Bradypus variegatus and Choloepus hoffmanni).","authors":"Priscila Chaverri, Efraín Escudero-Leyva, Darling Mora-Rojas, Andrea Calvo-Obando, Mariana González, Esteban Escalante-Campos, Esteve Mesén-Porras, Daniela Wicki-Emmenegger, Diego Rojas-Gätjens, Judith Avey-Arroyo, Mariana Campos-Hernández, Erick Castellón, Andrés Moreira-Soto, Jan Felix Drexler, Max Chavarría","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04303-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00284-025-04303-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sloths have the slowest digestion among mammals, requiring 5-20 times longer to digest food than other herbivores, which suggests differences in their gut microbiota, particularly in plant-fiber-degrading microorganisms. Bradypus variegatus has a lower metabolic rate and moves less than Choloepus hoffmanni. However, no comprehensive studies have compared the microbiota (e.g., fungi) of these species. We hypothesized that differences in digestion and metabolism between the two species would be reflected in their microbiota composition and functionality, which we characterized using metagenomics, metabarcoding, and cellulose degradation. Results revealed significant differences in microbiota composition and functionality. Both species are dominated by bacteria; fungi comprised only 0.06-0.5% of metagenomic reads. Neocallimastigomycota, an anaerobic fungus involved in fiber breakdown in other herbivores, was found in low abundance, especially in B. variegatus. Bacterial communities showed subtle differences: C. hoffmanni was dominated by Bacillota and Bacteroidota, while B. variegatus showed higher Actinomycetota. Expected herbivore bacterial taxa (e.g., Fibrobacter and Prevotella) were scarce. Functional analysis showed a low abundance of carbohydrate-active enzymes essential for polysaccharide breakdown. Cellulose degradation assays confirmed that sloths digest only ~ 3-30% of ingested plant material. This research sheds light on the potential multidirectional links between the gut microbiota, metabolism, and digestion.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 7","pages":"327"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144246959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting Metastasis: Exploring the Impact of Microbial Infections on Cancer Progression Through Innovative Biological Models.","authors":"Mohamed A El-Tayeb","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04306-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00284-025-04306-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infectious diseases, particularly viral infections, pose a significant threat to human health by contributing to cancer progression and metastasis. This review presents a novel perspective on how advanced biological models such as organoids, organ-on-a-chip systems, spheroids, and 3D bioprinting bridge critical translational gaps in research. These models replicate human physiological processes, allowing for the investigation of molecular mechanisms and the evaluation of novel therapeutics. This review will explore the current state of advanced biological models used to study viral infections associated with metastasis to better understand how viral-induced changes impact tumor behavior and the implications for future treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 7","pages":"328"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144246962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical Analysis and Health Benefits of a Novel Polysaccharide Produced by Paenibacillus mucilaginosus.","authors":"Shimaa K Ali, Mohamed A Abdelgawad, Samy Selim, Doaa E Keshek, Hussein S Mohamed, Eman A Hamed","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04300-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00284-025-04300-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Researchers have been fascinated by the remarkable properties of naturally occurring polysaccharides in recent years. We focused on extracting, refining, and analyzing an exopolysaccharide secreted for the first time by the bacterium Paenibacillus mucilaginosus, which was isolated from agricultural soil and identified by 16S rRNA sequence techniques. The polymer's elemental composition was analyzed, focusing on three primary constituents. Carbon emerged as the dominant element, comprising 29.76% of the polymer's total mass. Hydrogen was present at 4.98%, while nitrogen comprised 3.19% of the overall elemental makeup. Exopolysaccharide was characterized by FTIR, ¹HNMR, and 2D NOESY NMR spectroscopy. High-performance liquid chromatography analyses showed that the polysaccharide was a heteropolymer-containing rhamnose, fucose, galactose, and fructose as main sugars with 9.52, 8.03, 7.17, and 4.12 concentrations, respectively. The effects of various nitrogen and carbon sources on polymer production in batch culture medium were investigated. Fructose and yeast extract yielded the highest polymer dry weights at 9.4 and 7.3 g/L, respectively. Additionally, certain agricultural and industrial waste products were examined. The most significant polymer yield, nine g/L, was collected using a high-test molasses medium supplemented with yeast extract. This outcome was achieved after an incubation period of seventy-two hours at 30 °C in shaking flasks under batch culture conditions. The hepatoprotective efficacy of crude exopolysaccharide was assessed using the hepatoblastoma cell line. The exopolysaccharide demonstrated moderate hepatoprotective activity, with a protective effect of 34.61% observed at a concentration of 1000 µg/L.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 7","pages":"326"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144246958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association with Elevated Somatic Cell Counts and Characterization of Aerococcus viridans Isolates from Bovine Mastitis Milk in South Korea.","authors":"Hye Jeong Kang, Ju-Yeon You, Seung Hoe Kim, Jin-San Moon, Ha-Young Kim, Jae-Myeong Kim, Young Ju Lee, Hyun-Mi Kang","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04291-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00284-025-04291-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aerococcus viridans, an emerging pathogen, is responsible for the recent increase in cases of bovine mastitis. However, its specific effects on mastitis remain largely unexplored. In this study, we examined the correlation between A. viridans-induced mastitis infections and somatic cell counts (SCCs), and characteristics of A. viridans isolates from bovine mastitis milk. Among 1774 mastitis milk samples collected between 2016 and 2021 in South Korea, 69 (3.9%) A. viridans isolates were obtained. Mastitis milk samples containing A. viridans exhibited significantly higher SCCs than did non-mastitis samples. Most isolates (80.5%) were associated with subclinical mastitis (200-1200 × 10³ cells/mL), whereas 19.5% were associated with clinical mastitis (> 1.2 × 10⁶ cells/mL). In pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis, A. viridans isolates displayed substantial genetic diversity, with no dominant clones identified. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed high resistance rates to ceftiofur (46.4%) and oxacillin + 2% NaCl (44.9%) among β-lactams, followed by tetracycline (36.2%) and erythromycin (10.1%), with 21.7% isolates being multidrug-resistant. Fifty-four isolates (78.3%) were able to form biofilms, with all recent isolates being biofilm-positive, in contrast to several earlier non-producers. Our findings suggest the necessity for targeted management strategies and continuous monitoring for mitigating A. viridans-induced mastitis in dairy cows.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 7","pages":"325"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12143986/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144246957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic Effects of 5-Ureidohydantoin, Rhizobacteria and Non-wood-Based Biochar on Barley Productivity Under Drought and Multiple Toxic Metals Stress.","authors":"Ghulam Murtaza, Muhammad Usman, Muhammad Azam, Abdul Razzaq, Iram Saba, Gang Deng, Zeeshan Ahmed, Abdel-Rhman Z Gaafar, Trobjon Makhkamov, Lala Gurbanova, Rashid Iqbal","doi":"10.1007/s00284-025-04305-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00284-025-04305-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Barely (Hordeum vulgare L.), an essential crop accounting for roughly 15% of global caloric consumption, confronts substantial risks from toxic metal pollution, especially drought stress, (Pb) and mercury (Hg) stress, endangering global food safety. The current research sought to examine synergistic impacts of abovementioned stressors and efficacy of 5-ureidohydantoin, rhizobacteria and non-wood-based biochar in promoting barley growth. Experimental design comprised 24 treatment combinations featuring drought stress, Pb stress (5 mg/kg) and Hg stress (250 and 500 mg/kg) with diverse administrations of biochar and 5-ureidohydantoin. Rhizobacteria and 5-ureidohydantoin combination increase barley growth by promoting root development, enhancing nutrient absorption and improving overall vitality, with 5-ureidohydantoin facilitating cell division and elongation, while rhizobacteria enhance nutrient accessibility and root integrity, resulting in an expedited germination process, flowering and yields. Barley seeds cv. TJ-70, subjected to Agrobacterium rhizogenes treatment, exhibited notable growth parameters, with root lengths measuring 10.01 cm under 5 mg/kg Pb stress than 6.31 cm in control group. The treatment enhanced root and shoot FW by 23.7% 25.71%, respectively, whereas chlorophyll content reached a maximum of 2.69 mg/g at 5 mg/kg Pb. Research revealed that plants exposed to rhizobacteria and 5-ureidohydantoin had substantial enhancements in germination rate (over 85%), root length (averaging 27 cm), shoot length (averaging 29 cm) and total biomass in comparison to control treatments. The simultaneous application of 5-ureidohydantoin and jute-biochar exhibited significant promise for enhancing barley's resistance to metals and drought stresses by increased chlorophyll levels and decreased EL in amended plants. Furthermore, electrolyte leakage diminished to 11.4%, and the vigor index enhanced to 1601.09 under Pb stress. These data suggest that biochar and 5-ureidohydantoin use can alleviate detrimental impacts of environmental stresses on barley. Extending this study to encompass various crops will facilitate evaluation of wider relevance of these results; thereby fostering integrated crops management tactics utilize stimulants such as rhizobacteria and 5-ureidohydantoin in conjunction with organic and inorganic amendments, ultimately enhancing agricultural resilience and global food security.</p>","PeriodicalId":11360,"journal":{"name":"Current Microbiology","volume":"82 7","pages":"324"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}