Diagnostic Cytopathology最新文献

{"title":"A case report of loss of thyroid transcription factor 1 expression in lung adenocarcinoma EBUS FNA","authors":"Hitesh Mathew MSc(LSE), MSt(Cantab), FRCPath,&nbsp;Ros Bartle-Jones MBBS(Lond)","doi":"10.1002/dc.25333","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dc.25333","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We present a case report of a 76-year-old male with a histologically confirmed KRAS mutated, thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF1) positive, grade 1, mucinous adenocarcinoma with cytologically difficult to interpret lymph node metastasis showing loss of TTF1 expression and overlapping features with goblet cell hyperplasia. The case highlights the importance of molecular testing in aiding diagnosis and guiding treatment of non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC).</p>","PeriodicalId":11349,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic Cytopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140671064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of non 16/18 high risk human papilloma virus as a quality metric in gynecological cytology","authors":"Fatima Zahra Aly MD, PhD,&nbsp;Alyaa Irhayyim MD,&nbsp;Richard Jordan MD,&nbsp;Faisal Mukhtar MD,&nbsp;Robert Klein PhD","doi":"10.1002/dc.25327","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dc.25327","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted pathogen that causes anogenital disease. Cervical screening by cytology and HPV testing (co-testing) are important in prevention of cervical cancer. The Bethesda System category of atypical squamous cells (ASC) is used when a neoplastic process cannot be confidently identified. In such cases, the differential diagnosis is broad and includes benign conditions. Monitoring of ASC/SIL ratio is a commonly used laboratory quality assurance measure to prevent over- or under-use of this category. High risk human papillomavirus (hr-HPV) has been used in conjunction with the ASC/SIL ratio in determining whether a particular pathologist is over/under-using the indefinite category. However, the laboratory overall sample population prevalence rate of hr-HPV subtypes has not been previously examined for association with the ASC rate. In this study, the relationships between ASC/SIL ratio and hr-HPV prevalence rate and hr-HPV subtypes (16/18 and non-16/18) to the laboratory ASC prevalence were studied. The results demonstrate that HPV non-16/18 is the main subtype which is associated with ASC-US category. A large proportion of non-16/18 HPV-related cases are seen in young patients, which largely abates by the by fourth decade. In addition, there are differences in the ASC/SIL ratio for HPV 16/18 and non-16/18 types. The overall ASC/SIL ratio is an average of the ASC/SIL rate for the non-16/18 population and the HPV 16/18 population. Instead of basing the laboratory and practitioners' quality indicator solely on ASC/SIL ratio, the overall prevalence of HPV and its subtype ratio should also be reported as they are more reflective of laboratory performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":11349,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic Cytopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140672467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytopathology fellowship match: Pros and cons","authors":"Roseann I. Wu MD, MPH,&nbsp;Vanda F. Torous MD","doi":"10.1002/dc.25324","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dc.25324","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A cytopathology fellowship match would create an enforced and structured recruitment timeline for the benefit of applicants and programs. Major benefits would include delaying fellowship applications to allow residents to explore different subspecialty areas, a standardized application process for administrative ease, and optimization of matches between applicants and programs based on ranked preferences rather than use of time-limited “exploding offers.” The overall gains in efficiency and achieving the primary goals of supporting trainees and recruiting in an equitable and inclusive manner outweigh any downsides to instituting a cytopathology fellowship match. We aim to review the major discussions around this ongoing debate, arriving at the same conclusion as others in the literature that a pan-pathology fellowship match is ideal and that leadership from the Association of Pathology Chairs will be essential in unifying the fractured fellowship recruitment process.</p>","PeriodicalId":11349,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic Cytopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dc.25324","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140631143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An odd dancing couple. Non-small cell lung carcinoma with coexisting EGFR mutation and NTRK-1 translocation: A case report","authors":"Ramon Robledano MD,&nbsp;Maria D. Lozano MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/dc.25325","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dc.25325","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the 21st century, there has been a dramatic shift in the diagnosis and management of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), with an increasing use of minimally invasive tissue acquisition methods. Current treatments require morphologic subtyping and biomarker information in all cases. Determining such biomarkers is a continuously evolving field; current guidelines state that the determination of mutations on the Epidermal Growth Factor (<i>EFGR</i>), Kirsten Rat Sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (<i>KRAS</i>), Proto-oncogene B-Raf (<i>BRAF</i>), Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (<i>HER2</i>) and Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (<i>ALK</i>), genes as well as fusions on genes such as ROS Proto-Oncogene 1, Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (<i>ROS1</i>), MET proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase (<i>MET</i>), RET proto-oncogene (<i>RET</i>), and the Neurotrophic Tyrosine Receptor Kinase (<i>NTRK</i>) family is mandatory. While analyzing such alterations, some of them were first reported to be mutually exclusive, although in recent years, it has been shown otherwise in some of these cases. Moreover, so was the case with the concomitant expression of <i>NTRK</i> fusions and <i>EGFR</i> mutations. We present a case report of a patient with concomitant <i>EGFR</i> mutation and <i>NTRK1</i> fusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":11349,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic Cytopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dc.25325","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140629687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Cell blocking” the parasitic imposter: In a rare case of isolated pulmonary cysticercosis","authors":"Kush Kumar Singh MD,&nbsp;Abhilasha Kochhar MD,&nbsp;Chakshu Bansal MD,&nbsp;Latika Gupta MD,&nbsp;Samir Malhotra MBBS","doi":"10.1002/dc.25321","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dc.25321","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Isolated pulmonary cysticercosis is a rare manifestation of human cysticercosis which mainly affects central nervous system, skeletal muscles, eyes and subcutaneous tissues. Pulmonary involvement is usually a part of disseminated disease and mainly presents as bilateral pulmonary nodules. We report a rare case of isolated pulmonary cysticercosis presenting as lung cyst with pleural effusion. The diagnosis was made on pleural fluid cytology and cell block preparation. Herein we wish to recapitulate the importance of cell block as a diagnostic aid for parasitic infections, where morphological features and architectural patterns are as clearly discernable as in histopathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":11349,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic Cytopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140590368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraparotid plexiform neurofibroma: A rare diagnostic challenge","authors":"Adil Aziz Khan MD,&nbsp;Sana Ahuja MD,&nbsp;Sufian Zaheer MD","doi":"10.1002/dc.25322","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dc.25322","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Isolated intraparotid neurofibromas are exceptionally rare and often associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Diagnosing these tumors proves challenging because of the clinical resemblance to primary salivary gland masses. This case report details an 18-year-old with a painful, enlarging parotid mass, diagnosed through fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) revealing myxoid stroma and spindle cells. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed a plexiform neurofibroma involving the parotid gland and facial nerve. Histopathology validated the diagnosis, emphasizing the importance of cytological and radiological correlation. Notably, the absent NF1 association makes this case unique. Surgical excision with facial nerve reconstruction was performed, highlighting the complexity of managing such rare intraparotid neurofibromas. Awareness of this entity is crucial for accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.</p>","PeriodicalId":11349,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic Cytopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140590364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic values of SurePath liquid-based cytology versus conventional smear in thyroid aspiration samples: A 13-year experience at a single institution","authors":"Wen-Ying Lee MD,&nbsp;Hsiu-Chu Wang MS,&nbsp;Lee-E Huang BS,&nbsp;Min-Hui Tseng BS,&nbsp;Shu-Hui Chiang BS,&nbsp;Ching-Chien Lee MS","doi":"10.1002/dc.25319","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dc.25319","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is the most useful tool in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules. Liquid-based cytology (LBC) is replacing the conventional smear (CS) for evaluation of thyroid FNAC. In our institution, thyroid FNAC preparation was changed from CS to LBC SurePath in July 2016. This study aimed to compare the diagnostic value of SurePath with that of CS in thyroid lesions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 35,406 samples of thyroid FNAC (11,438 CS and 23,968 SurePath), collected from January 2010 to December 2022, were included in this study. We also examined the malignant rate using the surgical pathology diagnosis as the gold standard.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The distribution of TBSRTC cytological categories was equivalent between CS and SurePath. The rate of nondiagnostic/unsatisfactory category was higher in CS compared to SurePath (43.4% vs. 22.3%; <i>p</i> &lt; .05). After routine use of SurePath, the surgical resection rate was reduced from 12.0% to 8.6% (<i>p</i> &lt; .05) and the malignant rate increased from 32.2% to 41.5% (<i>p</i> &lt; .05). The sensitivities of CS and SurePath were 71.0% and 82.0%, respectively, and the specificities were 99.0% and 97.3%, respectively, whereas the positive predictive values were 97.8% and 96.8%, respectively, and the negative predictive values were 85.0% and 84.6%, respectively. Diagnostic accuracy of CS and SurePath were 88.5% and 89.7% respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SurePath can increase the sample adequacy, increase the sensitivity and reduce the workload and avoid unnecessary surgeries with similar accuracy to CS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11349,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic Cytopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140590365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytomorphology of metastatic colonic MXD4::NUTM1-rearranged sarcoma","authors":"Zachary Alan Wilkinson MD,&nbsp;Maria Luisa C. Policarpio-Nicolas MD","doi":"10.1002/dc.25320","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dc.25320","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This report describes the cytologic features of a recently described <i>MXD4::NUTM1</i>-rearranged colonic sarcoma metastatic to the midclavicular soft tissue. Thirteen years ago, a 65-year-old woman presented with a cecal mass and subsequent liver mass. The cecal mass was diagnosed as malignant undifferentiated spindled and epithelioid neoplasm based on morphology and lack of tumor immunoreactivity with a panel of epithelial, smooth muscle, skeletal, melanoma, hematologic, and GIST markers. The liver mass showed morphologic and immunophenotypic similarity to the epithelioid component of the patient's cecal mass, albeit devoid of the spindled component. Fine needle aspiration of the midclavicular soft tissue mass showed singly scattered to clustered epithelioid to rhabdoid tumor cells with centrally to eccentrically located nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and moderate eosinophilic cytoplasm. Immunohistochemical stains performed on the concurrent biopsy showed the tumor cells were positive for NUT and negative for all other additional markers with retained normal expression of SMARCA2 and SMARCA4. Next-generation sequencing showed the presence of <i>MXD4::NUTM1</i> gene fusion. Due to the identical cytomorphologic findings with the epithelioid component of the patient's prior cecal and liver masses, the tumor was deemed as consistent with a <i>NUTM1</i>-rearranged sarcoma. To our knowledge, this case represents the first reported cytologic features of a <i>NUTM1</i>-rearranged sarcoma on fine needle aspiration. Familiarity with the cytologic features, inclusion of this entity in the differential diagnosis of tumors with epithelioid and/or rhabdoid morphology, and performance of ancillary tests (immunohistochemistry and molecular) will be helpful in arriving at the right diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":11349,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic Cytopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dc.25320","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140590464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ewing sarcoma of the mandible: A rare case report and literature review","authors":"Özgecan Gündoğar MD,&nbsp;Neslihan Komut MD,&nbsp;Sibel Bektaş,&nbsp;Fatih Tetik MD,&nbsp;Neşe Uçar MD","doi":"10.1002/dc.25316","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dc.25316","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ewing sarcoma (ES) usually arises from long bones and affects the head and neck region in only 1%–4% of cases. We reported clinical, radiographic, cytomorphologic, and histomorphologic findings of the ES in the mandible, because of its rarity and radiologically misinterpreted as a parotid gland tumor. A 26-year-old male patient presented with a history of painfull cheek swelling. On magnetic resonance imaging, a mass measuring 50 × 48 × 45 mm was found eroding mandible and pushing back the parotid gland. Aspiration cytology was performed with suspicion of parotid gland tumor. Small, nucleated cells with nuclear indentation, inconspicuous nucleoli, and occasionally rosette-like arrangement were observed. Neuroendocrine immune markers were positive on cell block. It was diagnosed as small round cell neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation and biopsy was suggested. The differential diagnosis considered soft tissue and parotid gland tumors. The small round cell tumor morphology was seen on biopsy specimen and immunostaining was applied. The diagnosis for this case was ES of the mandible. ES of the mandible is unusual. Although the histogenesis is still unknown, various cells have been proposed as cells of origin namely, endothelial, hematopoietic, fibroblastic, mesenchymal stem cells or neural derived mesenchymal stem cells. Small cell morphology, CD99, CD56, neuron specific enolase, and synaptophysin expressions confirmed the diagnosis of ES. The differentiation of the ES from other small cell tumors may be difficult and requires awareness for histological and immunohistochemical features. It should be kept in mind that the diagnosis can be challenging due to uncommon locations and radiological misinterpreted.</p>","PeriodicalId":11349,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic Cytopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140590467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case series of thyroid fine needle aspiration biopsies diagnosed as follicular neoplasm with oncocytic features","authors":"Constance V. Chen MD,&nbsp;Vimal Krishnan MD,&nbsp;Nancy Y. Greenland MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/dc.25314","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dc.25314","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Oncocytic lesions of the thyroid are a heterogeneous group encompassing nonneoplastic and neoplastic entities ranging from benign to malignant and have traditionally been classified as separate entities in thyroid pathology. To illustrate the diversity of these thyroid lesions, we describe three cases of fine needle aspiration biopsies (FNAB) diagnosed as Bethesda Category IV: Follicular neoplasm, oncocytic type, under the 2017 Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC), with ThyroSeq v3 molecular testing and subsequent surgical excision.</p>","PeriodicalId":11349,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic Cytopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dc.25314","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140590363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}