Drug and Chemical Toxicology最新文献_第5页

The effect of cut sizes and pH of tobacco leaf in smokeless tobacco products on the pharmacokinetics of nicotine. 无烟烟草制品中烟叶的切开大小和pH值对尼古丁药代动力学的影响。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Drug and Chemical Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2024.2431862

Ya'ning Fu, Hongjuan Wang, Yingyan Li, Pengpeng Yu, Yue Su, Wanwan Ma, Shulei Han, Yushan Tian, Huan Chen, Hongwei Hou

{"title":"The effect of cut sizes and pH of tobacco leaf in smokeless tobacco products on the pharmacokinetics of nicotine.","authors":"Ya'ning Fu, Hongjuan Wang, Yingyan Li, Pengpeng Yu, Yue Su, Wanwan Ma, Shulei Han, Yushan Tian, Huan Chen, Hongwei Hou","doi":"10.1080/01480545.2024.2431862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01480545.2024.2431862","url":null,"abstract":"The absorption of nicotine from smokeless tobacco products (STPs) in humans is affected by various factors, including nicotine content, flavoring compounds, cutting format, tobacco cut sizes, and pH. In this study, participants were asked to use STP 1 for a specific period, after which the nicotine content was measured before and after use to determine the release rate using the Weibull model. Blood samples were collected from participants after 30 min of using STP 1 to assess nicotine pharmacokinetics. Additionally, guinea pigs were administered four types of STPs with varying pH levels, and tobacco cut sizes, but with identical nicotine content on the oral mucosa to evaluate nicotine pharmacokinetics. The human results showed that nicotine in STP was quickly released in the mouth, reaching 73.66% within 30 min. Plasma nicotine concentration in guinea pigs and human participants were comparable following STP use. Guinea pigs exposed to STPs with smaller tobacco cut sizes or higher pH absorbed more nicotine and metabolized it more slowly. The findings suggest that pH and cut size of STPs are key factors affecting nicotine absorption, while the impact of flavoring agents and other components on nicotine absorption remains to be determined.","PeriodicalId":11333,"journal":{"name":"Drug and Chemical Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142750336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of genotoxicity and acute oral toxicity of a standardized Ocimum tenuiflorum extract (Holixer^TM). 标准荆芥提取物（HolixerTM）的遗传毒性和急性口服毒性评估。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Drug and Chemical Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2024.2429619

Sasi Kumar Murugan, Bharathi Bethapudi, Deepak Mundkinajeddu, Prashanth D'Souza

{"title":"Assessment of genotoxicity and acute oral toxicity of a standardized Ocimum tenuiflorum extract (HolixerTM).","authors":"Sasi Kumar Murugan, Bharathi Bethapudi, Deepak Mundkinajeddu, Prashanth D'Souza","doi":"10.1080/01480545.2024.2429619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01480545.2024.2429619","url":null,"abstract":"Ocimum tenuiflorum, commonly referred to as holy basil or Tulsi, has a long history of use in traditional medicine systems, particularly Ayurveda, due to its various health benefits, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and adaptogenic properties. In contemporary contexts, this plant is progressively incorporated into dietary supplements and nutraceuticals. Given its widespread use and potential health beneficial properties, it is imperative to scientifically evaluate the safety of Ocimum tenuiflorum. This study presents comprehensive safety assessments of a standardized extract of Ocimum tenuiflorum. We conducted a series of genotoxicity studies, including the bacterial reverse mutation test (BRMT), in-vitro mammalian chromosomal aberration (CA) test, and in-vivo mammalian erythrocyte micronucleus (MN) test in Swiss Albino mice. Additionally, an acute oral toxicity study was performed using Sprague Dawley rats, adhering to OECD guidelines in a GLP-compliant laboratory. The results showed no mutagenic effect with O. tenuiflorum extract up to a dose of 5000 µg/plate in BRMT. The results of CA test revealed the non clastogenic activity of O. tenuiflorum extract up to a dose of 500 µg/mL with and without metabolic activation (S9). Ocimum tenuiflorum extract was found to be non-clastogenic at the highest tested dose of 2000 mg/kg bodyweight in invivo MN test. In acute oral toxicity study, O. tenuiflorum extract was found to be safe up to 5 g/kg bodyweight in Wistar rats. Collectively, these findings suggest that Ocimum tenuiflorum extract is non-genotoxic and safe for oral consumption up to 5000 mg/kg body weight in Sprague Dawley rats.","PeriodicalId":11333,"journal":{"name":"Drug and Chemical Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142750330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genotoxic, biochemical, cytotoxic and biomolecular alterations in the early-life stage of zebrafish exposed to diphenyl ether. 暴露于二苯醚的斑马鱼生命早期的基因毒性、生化、细胞毒性和生物分子变化。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Drug and Chemical Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2024.2430367

Shiv Kumar, Pooja Chadha

{"title":"Genotoxic, biochemical, cytotoxic and biomolecular alterations in the early-life stage of zebrafish exposed to diphenyl ether.","authors":"Shiv Kumar, Pooja Chadha","doi":"10.1080/01480545.2024.2430367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01480545.2024.2430367","url":null,"abstract":"Diphenyl ether (DE) is a chemical compound being used in a number of industries such as soap, detergents, perfumes, adhesive, dyes, herbicides and as a flame retardant in plastics, rubbers and textiles, etc. DE is the final debromination product of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) under anaerobic conditions. The present investigation evaluated the genotoxic, biochemical, histopathological, ultrastructural (SEM) and biomolecular (ATR-FTIR) changes in the zebrafish larvae after DE exposure. After the determination of 96 h LC50 value zebrafish embryos were exposed to sublethal concentrations (¼ LC50 and ½ LC50) of DE. Significantly increased DNA damage in terms of tail length (TL), tail intensity (TI), olive tail moment (OTM) and tail moment (TM) was observed after the DE exposure to zebrafish larvae. Also, increased lipid peroxidation (MDA) and decreased FRAP activity were reported after DE exposure. The catalase (CAT), Glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were reported to be significantly increased and a decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was observed in DE-exposed groups. After DE exposure, Decreased cell viability and increased apoptosis were reported in zebrafish larvae. The histological and ultrastructural (SEM) analysis revealed the alterations in the zebrafish larvae exposed to DE. The ATR-FTIR study revealed the changes in the biomolecules such as DNA and protein after the DE exposure. The present study will help to understand the destructive aspects of DE in the early life stages of aquatic organisms and could be utilized to assess environmental risk.","PeriodicalId":11333,"journal":{"name":"Drug and Chemical Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142750333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Acute toxicity and biodistribution assessment of quantum dots conjugated to lectins from Schinus terebinthifolia leaves (SteLL) and Punica granatum sarcotesta (PgTeL). 量子点与Schinus terebinthifolia叶（SteLL）和Punica granatum sarcotesta（PgTeL）凝集素共轭的急性毒性和生物分布评估。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Drug and Chemical Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2024.2433074

Raquel Cordeiro de Oliveira, Abdênego Rodrigues da Silva, Robson Raion de Vasconcelos Alves, Matheus Cavalcanti de Barros, Talita Giselly Dos Santos Souza, Alisson Macário de Oliveira, Leydianne Leite de Siqueira Patriota, Patrícia Maria Guedes Paiva, Fernanda das Chagas Ângelo Mendes Tenório, Paulo Euzébio Cabral Filho, Adriana Fontes, Thiago Henrique Napoleão, Mércia Liane de Oliveira, Elvis Joacir de França

{"title":"Acute toxicity and biodistribution assessment of quantum dots conjugated to lectins from Schinus terebinthifolia leaves (SteLL) and Punica granatum sarcotesta (PgTeL).","authors":"Raquel Cordeiro de Oliveira, Abdênego Rodrigues da Silva, Robson Raion de Vasconcelos Alves, Matheus Cavalcanti de Barros, Talita Giselly Dos Santos Souza, Alisson Macário de Oliveira, Leydianne Leite de Siqueira Patriota, Patrícia Maria Guedes Paiva, Fernanda das Chagas Ângelo Mendes Tenório, Paulo Euzébio Cabral Filho, Adriana Fontes, Thiago Henrique Napoleão, Mércia Liane de Oliveira, Elvis Joacir de França","doi":"10.1080/01480545.2024.2433074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01480545.2024.2433074","url":null,"abstract":"This work reports the in vivo investigation of telluride cadmium quantum dots (CdTe QDs) conjugated to plant lectins from Schinus terebinthifolia (SteLL) and Punica granatum (PgTeL) for acute toxicity and genotoxicity in healthy mice and 24-h biodistribution in sarcoma 180-bearing animals. Acute toxicity data indicated their safety, despite some histopathological alterations. Comet assay revealed that the QDs-PgTeL group presented a higher damage index and frequency of damage than the negative control. The micronucleus test did not reveal a genotoxic effect. The 24-h biodistribution study showed a major uptake of cadmium by the liver, spleen, and kidneys. A greater accumulation of cadmium was found in tumors of the QDs-SteLL group. In conclusion, the biodistribution study showed no influence of the studied lectins in the absorption of QDs by different organs and that the conjugation of SteLL resulted in increased targeting of QDs to sarcoma 180 cells, suggesting a potential theranostic application in cancer.","PeriodicalId":11333,"journal":{"name":"Drug and Chemical Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142738790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of acute and 28-day repeated dose toxicity of Tolypocladium sinense soft capsule in Sprague-Dawley rats. 在 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠体内评估 Tolypocladium sinense 软胶囊的急性毒性和 28 天重复剂量毒性。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Drug and Chemical Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2024.2427766

Xu Feng, Song Chen, Jinfeng Li, Xiaoyu Dai, Yun Chen, Bin Xie, Zhenzhen Zhang, Lijun Ren, Lang Yan

{"title":"Evaluation of acute and 28-day repeated dose toxicity of Tolypocladium sinense soft capsule in Sprague-Dawley rats.","authors":"Xu Feng, Song Chen, Jinfeng Li, Xiaoyu Dai, Yun Chen, Bin Xie, Zhenzhen Zhang, Lijun Ren, Lang Yan","doi":"10.1080/01480545.2024.2427766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01480545.2024.2427766","url":null,"abstract":"Tolypocladium sinense is a new asexual strain isolated from natural Cordyceps sinensis. The mycelium produced by its fermentation culture has similar chemical components and pharmacological effects to C. sinensis. T. sinense soft capsule is primarily prepared from T. sinense mycelium, which is mainly used for the treatment of body damage induced by low-dose ionizing radiation. However, its potential toxicity remains unclear. This study was designed to assess the toxicological characteristics of T. sinense soft capsules through acute and 28-day repeated dose toxicity studies. In the acute toxicity study, no toxic symptoms or mortality were observed in rats following a single oral administration of 10 000 mg/kg of T. sinense soft capsules. The maximum tolerated dose for a single oral dose of T. sinense soft capsules in rats was over 10 000 mg/kg. During the repeated dose toxicity test, oral administration of 90, 360, and 1440 mg/kg/day of T. sinense soft capsules for 28 consecutive days did not lead to significant toxic effects in rats. The no observed adverse effect level in rats surpassed 1440 mg/kg/day. These results provide preliminary evidence that T. sinense soft capsules are relatively safe.","PeriodicalId":11333,"journal":{"name":"Drug and Chemical Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142738562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Molecular docking, ADME properties and synthesis of thiophene sulfonamide derivatives. 噻吩磺酰胺衍生物的分子对接、ADME 特性和合成。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Drug and Chemical Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2024.2417963

Jesurajan Jebamani, Jayadev Shivalingappa, Shubha Pranesh, Mussuvir Pasha, Chandrakant Pawar

{"title":"Molecular docking, ADME properties and synthesis of thiophene sulfonamide derivatives.","authors":"Jesurajan Jebamani, Jayadev Shivalingappa, Shubha Pranesh, Mussuvir Pasha, Chandrakant Pawar","doi":"10.1080/01480545.2024.2417963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01480545.2024.2417963","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the drug-like properties of target molecules containing thiophene sulfonamide groups (7a-7s) using computational molecular docking techniques. The binding interactions of these derivatives were assessed using protein 2NSD (Enoyl acyl carrier protein reductase InhA, complexed with N-(4-methylbenzoyl)-4-benzylpiperidine, PDB DOI: 10.2210/pdb2NSD/pdb) as the receptor. Molecular docking results revealed notable docking scores for all compounds, ranging from -6 to -12 kcal/mol. Compounds 7e, 7i, and 7f, in particular, demonstrated impressive glide scores (>11 kcal/mol) and were selected for further analysis through molecular dynamics simulations, which provided deeper insights into their dynamic behavior and stability. The drug-like properties of these molecules were evaluated based on Lipinski's Rule of Five and ADME (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion) criteria and compared with known drugs. Additionally, we synthesized these target molecules (7a-7s) using Suzuki-Miyaura coupling with a nickel catalyst replacing palladium. The chemical structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed through elemental analysis, LC-MS,1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectroscopy.","PeriodicalId":11333,"journal":{"name":"Drug and Chemical Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142616675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Carvacrol modulates antioxidant enzymes, DNA integrity, and apoptotic markers in zearalenone-exposed fetal rat liver. 香芹酚可调节玉米赤霉烯酮暴露的胎鼠肝脏中的抗氧化酶、DNA完整性和细胞凋亡标志物。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Drug and Chemical Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2024.2425984

Mohammed Eleyan, Mohammed R Zughbur, Mohamed Hussien, Basim M Ayesh, Khairy A Ibrahim

{"title":"Carvacrol modulates antioxidant enzymes, DNA integrity, and apoptotic markers in zearalenone-exposed fetal rat liver.","authors":"Mohammed Eleyan, Mohammed R Zughbur, Mohamed Hussien, Basim M Ayesh, Khairy A Ibrahim","doi":"10.1080/01480545.2024.2425984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01480545.2024.2425984","url":null,"abstract":"Maternal exposure to zearalenone (ZEA), a mycotoxin, can impact fetal liver development. This study investigated the protective effects of carvacrol (CRV) against ZEA-induced fetal liver damage. Thirty-two pregnant rats were allocated to four groups (eight rats/group); control, CRV (75 mg/kg), ZEA (5 mg/kg), and co-treated group (ZEA + CRV). The animals were given their doses during the gestation period. Maternal exposure to ZEA revealed a significant increase in the malondialdehyde (MDA) level in the fetal liver. In contrast, glutathione S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities, besides glutathione (GSH) levels, were decreased in ZEA-intoxicated rats. Additionally, ZEA increased the expression of pro-apoptotic genes (P53, Bax, and caspase-9), elevated the immunoreactivity of caspase-3, decreased anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, and induced severe fatty degeneration, congestion, and necrosis in the fetal liver. The comet assays revealed significant DNA damage, as evidenced by reduced head DNA content and increased tail DNA content and tail moment in the ZEA-exposed rats. Surprisingly, co-treatment with CRV significantly mitigated fetal hepatic lipid peroxidation, antioxidant disturbance, apoptosis, and DNA damage after maternal exposure to ZEA. These findings highlight the potential of CRV as a promising approach to mitigate ZEA-associated developmental hepatotoxicity.","PeriodicalId":11333,"journal":{"name":"Drug and Chemical Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142616670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ascorbic acid regulates in vitro and in vivo toxicogenetic effects of hydroxyurea on eukaryotic cells. 抗坏血酸可调节羟基脲对真核细胞的体外和体内毒性作用。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Drug and Chemical Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2024.2425990

Raí Pablo Sousa de Aguiar, Jéssica Maria Teles Souza, Ag-Anne Pereira Melo de Menezes, Maria Luísa Lima Barreto do Nascimento, João Marcelo de Castro E Sousa, Ana Amélia de Carvalho Melo Cavalcante, Paulo Michel Pinheiro Ferreira, Ana Jérsia Araújo, José Delano Barreto Marinho-Filho

{"title":"Ascorbic acid regulates in vitro and in vivo toxicogenetic effects of hydroxyurea on eukaryotic cells.","authors":"Raí Pablo Sousa de Aguiar, Jéssica Maria Teles Souza, Ag-Anne Pereira Melo de Menezes, Maria Luísa Lima Barreto do Nascimento, João Marcelo de Castro E Sousa, Ana Amélia de Carvalho Melo Cavalcante, Paulo Michel Pinheiro Ferreira, Ana Jérsia Araújo, José Delano Barreto Marinho-Filho","doi":"10.1080/01480545.2024.2425990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01480545.2024.2425990","url":null,"abstract":"Hydroxyurea (HU) exerts unique and diverse biological effects as an anti-leukemic agent, irradiation sensitizer, and HbS inducer in patients with sickle cell anemia. Herein, we assessed the potential toxicogenic and/or oxidant effects of hydroxyurea associated with ascorbic acid by in vivo examinations in Allium cepa and human cancer cells and systemically on mice tissues. Growing A. cepa roots and HCT-116 colorectal tumor cells were examined after HU and HU plus ascorbic acid exposure. DNA damage and antioxidant enzymatic activity were quantified in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), bone marrow leukocytes and livers of mice after 7 day-HU treatment (7.5, 15 and 30 mg/kg/day) and Vitamin C 2 μM. Hydroxyurea presented toxic effects on meristematic Allium cepa cells, causing chromosomal abnormalities and reduction of mitotic index, killed HCT-116 colorectal carcinoma cells and induced DNA injuries upon mice cells (hepatocytes, bone marrow leukocytes and PBMC). Simultaneously, hydroxyurea decreased levels of CAT and GSH activities and expand lipid peroxidation. All these biochemical and physiological changes were ameliorated when associated with ascorbic acid, indicating it restored antioxidant enzymes, decreased MDA levels, removed peroxides and, consequently, presented cytoprotection against HU-provoked cellular damage in normal cells. On the other hand, antioxidants compounds may interfere on effectiveness of HU during anticancer chemotherapies.","PeriodicalId":11333,"journal":{"name":"Drug and Chemical Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142616657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Taurine and enzymatically modified isoquercitrin synergistically protect against the methotrexate-induced cardiotoxicity in rats: antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects. 牛磺酸和酶解异槲皮素协同保护大鼠免受甲氨蝶呤诱发的心脏毒性：抗氧化和抗细胞凋亡作用。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Drug and Chemical Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2024.2424282

Marwa M Mahmoud, Rehab Hegazy, Wael M El-Sayed

{"title":"Taurine and enzymatically modified isoquercitrin synergistically protect against the methotrexate-induced cardiotoxicity in rats: antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects.","authors":"Marwa M Mahmoud, Rehab Hegazy, Wael M El-Sayed","doi":"10.1080/01480545.2024.2424282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01480545.2024.2424282","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to evaluate the protective potential of taurine (Tau) and enzymatically modified isoquercitrin (EMIQ), both individually and in combination, against MTX-induced cardiotoxicity in male rats. A total of 36 rats were randomly divided into six groups (six animals each): control (vehicle), MTX alone (20 mg/kg, single dose), EMIQ+MTX (EMIQ at 26 mg/kg, p.o. for 16 days, with a single dose of MTX on the 13th day), Tau + MTX (Tau at 500 mg/kg, p.o. for 16 days, with a single dose of MTX on the 13th day), (EMIQ+Tau)+MTX, and (EMIQ+Tau)½+MTX. MTX treatment resulted in elevated levels of cardiac creatine phosphokinase-myocardial band, troponin I, nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, and serum IL-6, while decreasing levels of cardiac myeloperoxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase. MTX also reduced expression of BMI-1, induced DNA laddering and fragmentation, and increased cleaved caspase-3 protein expression in cardiac tissue. Both Tau and EMIQ showed equivalent effectiveness in protecting the heart against MTX-induced damage due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties. Notably, combined treatment with half-doses of Tau and EMIQ offered superior protection compared to full doses of each agent alone. The full-dose combination showed similar efficacy to the half-dose combination, with a few exceptions. Overall, these results suggest a synergistic effect of Tau and EMIQ in mitigating MTX-induced cardiotoxicity, warranting further investigation into the underlying mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":11333,"journal":{"name":"Drug and Chemical Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142589758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mitigating aluminum chloride-induced toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster with peptide fractions from Euphorbia species. 用大戟科植物的多肽成分减轻氯化铝对黑腹果蝇的毒性。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Drug and Chemical Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2024.2421916

Jola-Jesu Mercy Akano, Zainab Abiodun Molik, Amos Olalekan Abolaji, Omonike Oluyemisi Ogbole

{"title":"Mitigating aluminum chloride-induced toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster with peptide fractions from Euphorbia species.","authors":"Jola-Jesu Mercy Akano, Zainab Abiodun Molik, Amos Olalekan Abolaji, Omonike Oluyemisi Ogbole","doi":"10.1080/01480545.2024.2421916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01480545.2024.2421916","url":null,"abstract":"This study assessed the antioxidative and protective effects of peptide extracts from selected Euphorbia species on Aluminum Chloride (AlCl3)-induced toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster. Euphorbia humifusa (EHU), Euphorbia hirta (EHI), and Euphorbia graminae (EHG) were screened for bioactive peptides. The crude peptide extract and partially purified peptide fractions of all the plants were subjected to preliminary antioxidants activities through 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhyhdrazyl (DPPH), and nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activities. The most active peptide fraction was subjected to biochemical studies using Drosophila melanogaster. Flies were treated with AlCl3 (100 mg/kg diet), peptide fraction (5 and 10 mg/kg diet), and cotreatment of AlCl3 and the fraction, respectively. After treatment, flies were homogenized for the determination of total thiol and Glutathione (non-protein thiol) content, catalase and Glutathione-S-transferase activities, and nitric oxide (nitrite/nitrate) and hydroperoxide levels. The antioxidant screening revealed that the peptide fraction from Euphorbia humifusa (PEHU) was the most significant compared to the control (ascorbic acid). The PEHU (5 and 10 mg/kg diet) maintained the redox status of the flies in the biochemical study. The PEHU significantly counteracted AlCl3-induced reduction in antioxidants (catalase, GST, GSH and Total thiol), increased nitric oxide levels, and acetylcholinesterase activity and prevented behavioral deficits flies. Hence, the peptide fraction of Euphorbia humifusa may shield against the life-threatening effects of free radicals associated with aluminum chloride toxicity.","PeriodicalId":11333,"journal":{"name":"Drug and Chemical Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142582191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0