Digestive Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Serum Autotaxin Level Positively Associates with Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease and Hyperuricemia in Postmenopausal Women.","authors":"Jie Zhang, Jiahui Hu, Yu Li, Xuefeng Zhou, Yini Ke, Yi Chen","doi":"10.1159/000542061","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Autotaxin (ATX) is an adipokine known to affect energy metabolism and lipid homeostasis. We aimed to evaluate serum ATX levels in metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and other metabolic disorders in postmenopausal women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Postmenopausal women who received an annual health examination were included. The metabolic and demographic characteristics of the subjects were collected, including age, gender, weight, height, blood pressure, and biochemical parameters. Serum ATX level was determined by ELISA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This cross-sectional includes 20 postmenopausal women and 20 age-paired healthy controls. MAFLD patients showed significant metabolic disturbance presented with increased body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (p < 0.001) and decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < 0.05), as well as liver injury companied by elevated ALT (p < 0.05). Serum ATX levels were statistically higher in MAFLD (253.1 ± 52.1 vs. 202.2 ± 53.2 ng/mL; p < 0.01) and positively correlated with ALT (p < 0.001), γ-glutamyltransferase and BMI (p < 0.01), SBP and TG (p < 0.05). Higher ATX group demonstrated worsen metabolic states with greater proportion of MAFLD, higher BMI (p < 0.01), and ALT (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that serum ATX levels would positively independently predicted MAFLD (OR 1.049, 95% CI: 1.001-1.098, p < 0.05) with AUC of 0.763. Serum level of ATX is significantly elevated in hyperuricemia group (257.3 ± 60.9 vs. 214.5 ± 49.4 ng/mL; p < 0.05) and positively correlated with uric acid level (p < 0.01). Serum ATX would also act as diagnosing parameter of hyperuricemia with AUC of 0.706.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among postmenopausal women, serum ATX level is significantly elevated in MAFLD and related to multiple metabolic characteristics, especially hyperuricemia, which would thus serve as a potential noninvasive biomarker as well as a therapeutic target.</p>","PeriodicalId":11294,"journal":{"name":"Digestive Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"54-62"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142496998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tenapanor Improves Abdominal Symptoms Irrespective of Changes in Complete Spontaneous Bowel Movement Frequency in Adults with Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Constipation.","authors":"Darren M Brenner, Gregory S Sayuk, Brooks D Cash, Lucinda A Harris, Nitin K Ahuja, Jill K Deutsch, Yang Yang, Suling Zhao, David P Rosenbaum, Anthony J Lembo","doi":"10.1159/000543166","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543166","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Tenapanor is a first-in-class, minimally absorbed intestinal sodium/hydrogen exchanger isoform 3 inhibitor approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for adults with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C). Pooled data from the phase 2b (NCT01923428) and phase 3 T3MPO-1 (NCT02621892) and T3MPO-2 (NCT02686138) studies examined the effects of tenapanor on abdominal symptoms independent of tenapanor's effect on complete spontaneous bowel movement (CSBM) frequency in adults with IBS-C.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This post hoc analysis was performed for patients with no CSBMs in ≥6 of the first 12 weeks of treatment (no-CSBM subgroup). The three-item abdominal score (AS3; the average of weekly abdominal pain, bloating, and discomfort scores) measured abdominal symptom response in tenapanor versus placebo. The overall change from baseline and response rate (improvement of ≥2 points or a reduction of ≥30%) in AS3 and individual abdominal scores during the 12 weeks were assessed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;In the pooled safety analysis set (N = 1,382), 641 patients were classified as no-CSBM patients and 640 were included in the efficacy analysis. Among the no-CSBM subgroup, tenapanor-treated patients experienced a greater improvement in AS3 in week 12 versus placebo-treated patients (least squares mean change, -1.74 vs. -1.29; p = 0.007), and the AS3 responder rate was higher for tenapanor (40.2% vs. 29.6%; p = 0.008). Similar improvements were displayed across individual abdominal symptom scores. Diarrhea was the most common adverse event in tenapanor-treated patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Tenapanor was observed to improve abdominal symptoms independent of its effect on bowel symptoms in adults with IBS-C.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Tenapanor is a first-in-class, minimally absorbed intestinal sodium/hydrogen exchanger isoform 3 inhibitor approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for adults with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C). Pooled data from the phase 2b (NCT01923428) and phase 3 T3MPO-1 (NCT02621892) and T3MPO-2 (NCT02686138) studies examined the effects of tenapanor on abdominal symptoms independent of tenapanor's effect on complete spontaneous bowel movement (CSBM) frequency in adults with IBS-C.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This post hoc analysis was performed for patients with no CSBMs in ≥6 of the first 12 weeks of treatment (no-CSBM subgroup). The three-item abdominal score (AS3; the average of weekly abdominal pain, bloating, and discomfort scores) measured abdominal symptom response in tenapanor versus placebo. The overall change from baseline and response rate (improvement of ≥2 points or a reduction of ≥30%) in AS3 and individual abdominal scores during the 12 weeks were assessed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;In the pooled safety analysis set (N = 1,382), 641 patients were classified as no-CSBM patients and 640 were included i","PeriodicalId":11294,"journal":{"name":"Digestive Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"146-157"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11965839/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Hepatitis B Costs and Healthcare Resource Utilization in a Japanese Patient Population: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Analysis.","authors":"Shinyoung Ju, Masayuki Katsumata, Akiko Mizukami, Ilze Abersone, Vera Gielen","doi":"10.1159/000541293","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541293","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Data on the economic burden of chronic hepatitis B infection in Japan are lacking. This study investigated healthcare resource utilization and costs of chronic hepatitis B infection and liver complications in Japan.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This non-interventional study used the Medical Data Vision database. For the first analysis, a population with prevalent chronic hepatitis B infection and absence of liver complications was identified and further stratified by nucleos(t)ide analog treatment history. In the second analysis, patients with prevalent chronic hepatitis B infection and incident liver complications were identified. Patients were followed for 1 year in the first analysis and 2 years in the second analysis. Numbers of all-cause outpatient, inpatient, emergency hospitalizations, medication use, and associated costs per person-year were described across patients without/with nucleos(t)ide analog treatment and in those without/with liver complications.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;For patients with chronic hepatitis B infection, 75,967 had no liver complications while 17,678 patients had liver complications. All-cause outpatient visits were the largest contributor to healthcare resource utilization and costs, for patients without and with liver complications, and were numerically higher for patients on nucleos(t)ide analog than not. Patients with liver complications had numerically higher all-cause healthcare resource utilization and total costs than patients without complications.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Japan has a high economic burden of chronic hepatitis B infection, particularly in patients with liver complications. Optimizing treatment to prevent complications may reduce this burden.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Data on the economic burden of chronic hepatitis B infection in Japan are lacking. This study investigated healthcare resource utilization and costs of chronic hepatitis B infection and liver complications in Japan.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This non-interventional study used the Medical Data Vision database. For the first analysis, a population with prevalent chronic hepatitis B infection and absence of liver complications was identified and further stratified by nucleos(t)ide analog treatment history. In the second analysis, patients with prevalent chronic hepatitis B infection and incident liver complications were identified. Patients were followed for 1 year in the first analysis and 2 years in the second analysis. Numbers of all-cause outpatient, inpatient, emergency hospitalizations, medication use, and associated costs per person-year were described across patients without/with nucleos(t)ide analog treatment and in those without/with liver complications.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;For patients with chronic hepatitis B infection, 75,967 had no liver complications while 17,678 patients had liver complications. All-cause outpatient visits were the","PeriodicalId":11294,"journal":{"name":"Digestive Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"63-74"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11817863/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142544344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron and Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Patients with Autoimmune Gastritis and Helicobacter pylori Gastritis: Results from a Prospective Multicenter Study.","authors":"Malgorzata Osmola, Nicolas Chapelle, Marie-Anne Vibet, Edith Bigot-Corbel, Damien Masson, Caroline Hemont, Adam Jirka, Justine Blin, David Tougeron, Driffa Moussata, Dominique Lamarque, Regis Josien, Jean-François Mosnier, Jérôme Martin, Tamara Matysiak-Budnik","doi":"10.1159/000535206","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000535206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Iron and vitamin B12 deficiencies are common in patients with atrophic gastritis, but there are limited data on the prevalence of these deficiencies in different types of atrophic gastritis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicenter, prospective study assessed micronutrient concentrations in histologically confirmed autoimmune gastritis (AIG, n = 45), Helicobacter pylori-related non-autoimmune gastritis (NAIG, n = 109), and control patients (n = 201). A multivariate analysis was performed to determine factors influencing those deficiencies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median vitamin B12 concentration was significantly lower in AIG (367.5 pg/mL, Q1, Q3: 235.5, 524.5) than in NAIG (445.0 pg/mL, Q1, Q3: 355.0, 565.0, p = 0.001) and control patients (391.0 pg/mL, Q1, Q3: 323.5, 488.7, p = 0.001). Vitamin B12 deficiency was found in 13.3%, 1.5%, and 2.8% of AIG, NAIG, and control patients, respectively. Similarly, the median ferritin concentration was significantly lower in AIG (39.5 ng/mL, Q1, Q3: 15.4, 98.3 ng/mL) than in NAIG (80.5 ng/mL, Q1, Q3: 43.6, 133.9, p = 0.04) and control patients (66.5 ng/mL, Q1, Q3: 33.4, 119.8, p = 0.007). Iron deficiency and iron deficiency adjusted to CRP were present in 28.9% and 33.3% of AIG, 12.8% and 16.5% of NAIG, and 12.9% and 18.4% of controls, respectively. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that AIG patients had a higher risk of developing vitamin B12 deficiency (OR: 11.52 [2.85-57.64, p = 0.001]) and iron deficiency (OR: 2.92 [1.32-6.30, p = 0.007]) compared to control patients. Factors like age, sex, and H. pylori status did not affect the occurrence of vitamin B12 or iron deficiency.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Iron and vitamin B12 deficiencies are more commonly observed in patients with AIG than in those with NAIG or control patients. Therefore, it is essential to screen for both iron and vitamin B12 deficiencies in AIG patients and include the treatment of micronutrient deficiencies in the management of atrophic gastritis patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":11294,"journal":{"name":"Digestive Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"145-153"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139416657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liver Stiffness Determined by Transient Elastography Is a Simple and Highly Accurate Predictor for Presence of Liver Cirrhosis in Clinical Routine.","authors":"Peter Lemmer, Lydia Christina Rohr, Marie Henning, Kerem Bulut, Paul Manka, Ali Canbay, Jan-Peter Sowa","doi":"10.1159/000538426","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000538426","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Early detection of patients with advanced chronic liver disease is critical for the prevention of complications and inclusion in surveillance programs for hepatocellular carcinoma. In daily clinical care, it remains challenging to differentiate early cirrhosis from lower fibrosis grades without performing a liver biopsy. The aim of the present study was to assess the performance of different non-invasive detection tools to differentiate cirrhosis from lower fibrosis grades.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data of 116 patients (51 male, 65 female) with chronic liver disease of various origins undergoing liver biopsy was analyzed. Routine laboratory values, liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by transient elastography, and histological liver assessment were collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Robust and significant correlations with the histological fibrosis stage were identified for LSM (r = 0.65), the FAST score (0.64), the FIB-4 (0.48), serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) concentration (0.41), NFS (0.33), international normalized ratio (INR; 0.30), methacetin breath test results (-0.40), and serum albumin concentration (-0.29) by spearman rank correlation. Receiver operating characteristic curves were built for these parameters to separate patients with cirrhosis from those with any other fibrosis stage. The highest AUC was achieved by LSM (0.9130), followed by the FAST score (0.8842), the FIB-4 (0.8644), the NFS (0.8227), INR (0.8142), serum albumin (0.7710), and serum AST (0.7620). The most promising clinical applicability would be an LSM value of 12.2 kPa, achieving 95.7% sensitivity and 75.3% specificity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LSM and FAST score seem to be robust non-invasive measurements for liver fibrosis. LSM and FAST scores may have the potential to reliably detect patients with liver cirrhosis in clinical routine settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":11294,"journal":{"name":"Digestive Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"265-275"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140287112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility and Safety of Endoscopic Control for Patients with Serrated Polyposis Syndrome.","authors":"Michiko Nakaoka, Hideyuki Chiba, Mikio Kobayashi, Naoya Okada, Jun Arimoto, Jun Tachikawa, Keiichi Ashikari, Hiroki Kuwabara","doi":"10.1159/000534968","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000534968","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite advances in endoscopic treatment, patients with serrated polyposis syndrome (SPS) occasionally require surgery due to numerous or unresectable polyps, recurrence, and treatment-related adverse events.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively evaluated 43 patients with SPS undergoing diagnosis and treatment at Omori Red Cross Hospital from 2011 to 2022. Resection of all polyps ≥3 mm in size was planned during the clearing phase; endoscopic control was defined as complete, endoscopic polyp removal. During the surveillance phase, patients underwent annual colonoscopy and resection of newly detected polyps ≥3 mm in size.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-eight patients (88%) achieved endoscopic control, two (5%) required surgery after endoscopic treatment because of colorectal cancer (CRC), and three (7%) have not yet achieved endoscopic control and are planning treatment. Endoscopic control was achieved with a median of four colonoscopies at 8 months. Ten polyps (median value) were resected per patient during the clearing phase. Three polyps ≥50 mm in size, six located in the appendiceal orifice, and seven with severe fibrosis could be resected by endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). All patients underwent treatment with a combination of cold snare polypectomy (CSP), endoscopic mucosal resection/hot polypectomy, and/or ESD. No case required surgery due to difficulty with endoscopic treatment. Delayed bleeding was observed in 2 cases (0.3%). Twenty-one patients underwent colonoscopies during the surveillance phase. Fifty-three polyps were resected using CSP; no CRC, sessile serrated lesions with dysplasia, or advanced adenoma were detected.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SPS can be effectively, efficiently, and safely controlled with appropriate endoscopic management.</p>","PeriodicalId":11294,"journal":{"name":"Digestive Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"31-40"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10836738/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134648646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease on Distinct Microbial Communities at the Bacterial Phylum Level.","authors":"Haruki Uojima, Yoshihiko Sakaguchi, Kazuyoshi Gotoh, Takashi Satoh, Hisashi Hidaka, Akira Take, Kazue Horio, Shunji Hayashi, Chika Kusano","doi":"10.1159/000534284","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000534284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Limited data are available on the correlation between microbial communities and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). This study aimed to evaluate the influence of MAFLD on diverse microbial communities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We recruited 43 patients with a nonviral liver disease. Enrolled patients were divided into two groups according to MAFLD criteria. The fecal microbial composition was evaluated using the variable V3-V4 region of the 16S ribosomal RNA region, which was amplified using polymerase chain reaction. First, we assessed the influence of MAFLD on distinct microbial communities at the bacterial phylum level. Next, the correlation between the microbial communities and diversity in patients with MAFLD was evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the enrolled participants, the non-MAFLD and MAFLD groups consisted of 21 and 22 patients, respectively. Sequences were distributed among ten bacterial phyla. The relative abundance of Firmicutes was significantly higher in the MAFLD group than in the non-MAFLD group (p = 0.014). The microbial diversity was not significantly influenced by the presence of MAFLD (Chao-1 index: p = 0.215 and Shannon index: p = 0.174, respectively); nonetheless, the correlation coefficient between the abundances of Firmicutes and microbial diversity was higher in the non-MAFLD group than in the MAFLD group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The presence of MAFLD increased the relative abundances of Firmicutes at the bacterial phylum level, which may cause the discrepancy between the abundances of Firmicutes and diversity in patients with MAFLD.</p>","PeriodicalId":11294,"journal":{"name":"Digestive Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"61-69"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10836752/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41106173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hospital Admission, Medical, and Surgical Procedures for Acute Diverticulitis Are More Appropriate when Using a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Assistance Pathway: An Experience from a Referral Center.","authors":"Walter Elisei, Pierluigi Marini, Roberto Faggiani, Stefano Manfroni, Gabriele Ricci, Noemi Di Fuccia, Valerio Papa, Antonio Tursi","doi":"10.1159/000540216","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Our aim was to assess the impact of the Diagnostic and Therapeutic Assistance Pathway (PDTA) developed for acute diverticulitis (AD) on the management of patients with AD and referring to the emergency room (ER) in a referral center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study includes all patients diagnosed with AD and referring to the ER between January 1, 2021, and December 31, 2022 (after approval of PDTA), compared to the same period of 2015-2019. Length of stay in ER, medical and surgical management, and length in hospital stay (in days) were also measured according to the type of disease (uncomplicated vs. complicated).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ER admission due to AD during the period 2015-2019 was 240 ± 13 cases per year, while it was 290 cases in 2022 (p = 0.05). After adopting the PDTA, the rate of length of stay in ER >24 h for AD was significantly reduced (p = 0.01); the median rate of hospital admission for AD was significantly reduced (p < 0.05); the rate of medical treatment of uncomplicated disease was increased (p = 0.01), while the rate of surgical management was decreased (p = 0.05); the rate of medical treatment of complicated disease was increased (p = 0.01), while the rate of surgical management was decreased (p = 0.001); the hospital stay was significantly reduced in both uncomplicated (p = 0.05) and complicated (p = 0.05) AD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The development and the routine use of a PDTA dedicated to AD have significantly improved the management of these patients, reducing the ER stay, the surgical procedures, and the overall hospital stay.</p>","PeriodicalId":11294,"journal":{"name":"Digestive Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"522-528"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141554406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Cirrhotic Patients by the EncephalApp Fails to Predict Low-Grade Hepatic Encephalopathy.","authors":"Rebecca Maria Neye, Gerald Kircheis, Daria Stratmann, Norbert Hilger, Stefan Lüth","doi":"10.1159/000538924","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000538924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>An early detection of low-grade hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is of high importance. The aim of the study was to compare a neuropsychological with a psychophysical test on the basis of the psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score (PHES) regarding effectiveness in diagnosing minimal HE (MHE).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In our prospective controlled observational study, we examined a total of 103 patients with liver cirrhosis for HE. The PHES, CFF, and EncephalApp were performed in all patients. Graduation was based on the result of the PHES. Patients without evidence for HE 1&amp;2 according to the mental state (West-Haven criteria) with a PHES <-4 value points and no clinical symptoms were defined as having MHE. Patients were considered as HE0 when in the PHES none of the psychometric subtest results was abnormal or with a PHES ≥-4 value points. Patients with clinical symptoms were considered HE 1&amp;2 patients. Different cut-off values were determined, and their specificity and sensitivity were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ninety-six of the involved patients had liver cirrhosis and 25 acted as a healthy control group. The ROC analysis for the classification resulted in an AUC of 0.806, with the highest Youden index for the cut-off time >224 s, for which the sensitivity was 82% and the specificity 75%. Cases of withdrawals were seen in 10.74% of all tested patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The EncephalApp distinguishes well between HE0 and MHE but has its limitations in grading higher forms of HE. Diagnosis using only the EncephalApp is not sufficient.</p>","PeriodicalId":11294,"journal":{"name":"Digestive Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"567-575"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141310332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Helicobacter pylori Diagnosis and Treatment in Africa: The First Lagos Consensus Statement of the African Helicobacter and Microbiota Study Group.","authors":"Stella I Smith, Christian Schulz, Rose Ugiagbe, Roland Ndip, Yakhya Dieye, Marcis Leja, Charles Onyekwere, Dennis Ndububa, Abraham Ajayi, Tolulope Funbi Jolaiya, Hyasinta Jaka, Mashiko Setshedi, Revathi Gunturu, Jesse Abiodun Otegbayo, Naima Lahbabi-Amrani, Anthony Oluwole Arigbabu, Violet Kayamba, Pueya Abdulrashid Nashidengo","doi":"10.1159/000537878","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000537878","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the most prevalent type of bacterial infection. Current guidelines from different regions of the world neglect specific African conditions and requirements. The African Helicobacter and Microbiota Study Group (AHMSG), founded in 2022, aimed to create an Africa-specific consensus report reflecting Africa-specific issues.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Eighteen experts from nine African countries and two European delegates supported by nine African collaborators from eight other countries prepared statements on the most important African issues in four working groups: (1) epidemiology, (2) diagnosis, (3) indications and prevention, and (4) treatment. Limited resources, restricted access to medical systems, and underdeveloped diagnostic facilities differ from those of other regions. The results of the individual working groups were presented for the final consensus voting, which included all board members.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>There is a need for further studies on H. pylori prevalence in Africa, with diagnosis hinged on specific African situation. Treatment of H. pylori in the African setting should be based on accessibility and reimbursement, while indication and prevention should be defined in specific African countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":11294,"journal":{"name":"Digestive Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"240-256"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140142998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}