Dental Science Updates最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Using Two Different Techniques of Denture Base Fabrication on Retention of Maxillary Complete Denture: An in Vivo Comparative Study","authors":"Ayah Abdellatif, Moataz Bahgat, Sayed Elmasry, K. Sultan","doi":"10.21608/dsu.2024.182953.1152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/dsu.2024.182953.1152","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Complete denture is used to replace the entire dentition and restore mastication, speech, and aesthetics. All other tooth-supported solutions have been exhausted. Because Computer-Aided Design/ Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAD/ CAM) dentures are milled from pre-polymerized Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) blocks that do not display polymerization shrinkage, they can eliminate the laboratory processes of acrylic processing (setting up of teeth, try-in, flasking and de flasking). Aim: to compare the retention values of maxillary conventional heat-polymerized denture bases with digitally milled denture bases . Materials and Methods: Sixteen totally edentulous patients participated in the study, which was divided into two groups (n=8) (A) and (B). Patients in the group (A) received traditional heat-cured acrylic resin dentures with a long cycle water path curing procedure, in group (B) received dentures created using the CAD/CAM technique. For both groups, a metallic hook affixed to the geometric center of the maxillary dentures was pulled by a digital force-meter gauge to measure retention. Results: The mean retention values were recorded for both groups, tabulated, and statistically analyzed; the following results were obtained. Regarding group (A), retention values showed a significant increase at the beginning of the study as well as at the end of the study. Regarding group (B), retention values showed a significant initial increase at the beginning of the study, till the end of the study. A significant difference was revealed between the mean retention values of the two tested groups, with clear superiority of the retention of the CAD/CAM acrylic resin dentures (group B) than that of the conventional heat-cured acrylic resin dentures (group A). Conclusion: CAD/CAM acrylic resin dentures were superior in terms of maxillary denture retention compared to conventional heat-cured acrylic resin dentures. Retention was increased gradually over time in both two studied groups.","PeriodicalId":11270,"journal":{"name":"Dental Science Updates","volume":"112 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140271094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Study between Meloxicam and Piroxicam Intra-Articular Injection after arthrocentesis for Management of Temporomandibular Joint Internal Derangement","authors":"Anas Taalab, A. Abdelmabood, Eman Al Sharawy, mohamed shalkamy","doi":"10.21608/dsu.2024.193841.1172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/dsu.2024.193841.1172","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint is the term used to describe a pathologic entity that obstructs the smooth function of the temporomandibular joint. Arthrocentesis is most used in patients not responding to conservative approach. Aim : The aim of study was designed to compare between cyclooxygenase-2inhibitor (meloxicam) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (piroxicam) in the management of patients with TMJ internal derangement. Patients and methods: The present study was conducted on 12 adult joints with impaired jaw movements, limited joint function, limited mouth opening, pain with movement of the temporomandibular joint and TMJ noise (Clicking at the affected joint) and divided randomly into two equal groups 6 joints in each group. Group 1: where arthrocentesis were performed for the affected joint followed by intraarticular injection of one ml of piroxicam. Group 2: where arthrocentesis were performed for the affected joints followed by intraarticular injection of one ml. of Meloxicam. Results: Intra-articular injection of piroxicam is effective more than Meloxicam in long term management of pain of the joints and both of them give statistically significant result in both management of clicking sound and mouth opening . Conclusion: Arthrocentesis followed by piroxicam is safe and more effective than Meloxicam treatment of temporomandibular joint dysfunction.","PeriodicalId":11270,"journal":{"name":"Dental Science Updates","volume":"311 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140281367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFECT OF GAMMA-RADIATION ON DE- AND RE-MINERALIZATION OF ENAMEL AND DENTIN (An IN-VITRO STUDY)","authors":"rehab ahmed ha, A. Abo elezz, Eman Elmaghraby","doi":"10.21608/dsu.2024.204452.1167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/dsu.2024.204452.1167","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction : Gamma radiation is usually used, as a primary or supplementary treatment, for oral cancer patients. Aim : The present work was undertaken to investigate, in vitro, the effect gamma irradiation of a cumulative dose of 60 Gy (20 Gy/day over three days) on enamel and dentin microhardness before and after demineralization and remineralization. Materials and methods : Ten healthy freshly extracted human third molars were used in this study. The teeth specimens were cut perpendicular to their occlusal surface into two halves. Half of the specimens were gamma-irradiated to a dose of 60 Gy (20 Gy/day). The data involved the measurement of VHN Vickers microhardness on both radiated and non-irradiated. Results : The results indicated that the mean microhardness values of the non-irradiated enamel samples were decreased after gamma irradiation, and were significantly decreased after demineralization; meanwhile, the microhardness values of the demineralized non-irradiated enamel samples were significantly increased after remineralization. The results showed that the microhardness of the demineralized non-irradiated dentin samples was increased, and that the microhardness of the gamma-irradiated dentin samples was slightly decreased. Conclusions: gamma-irradiation had significant effect on enamel and dentin microhardness values and had significant decrease effect on demineralization of enamel while had significant increase by remineralization.","PeriodicalId":11270,"journal":{"name":"Dental Science Updates","volume":"17 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140268370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical Extraction of Impacted Lower Third Molar, Evaluation of a New Scale of Difficulty","authors":"Aya Mohammed, Mohammed Eid, Tamer Hamed","doi":"10.21608/dsu.2024.188601.1158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/dsu.2024.188601.1158","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Assessment of the surgical complexity of lower third molar extraction is a crucial step to formulate an optimal treatment plan, balancing the advantages and disadvantages of the surgical extraction procedure to manage intraoperative complications and postoperative pain. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of a new scale of surgical difficulty for the extraction of the impacted lower third molar . Patients and methods: Fifty-four patients were attended for lower third molar extraction . All patients undergoing the same surgical approach including anesthesia, incision, and elevation of the mucoperiosteal flap, ostectomy, and tooth sectioning, elevation, and avulsion according to the root axis, socket debridement, and suturing. The period of this study extended for 2 years. Results: The mesio angular impaction was the most common type of impaction, followed by horizontal impaction. There was agreement between the preoperative and the postoperative assessment of a simple operation. 26 third molars (48.15%) were considered preoperatively medium difficulty group, and 80.77% was agreement between the preoperative and the postoperative assessments of moderately simple (p<0.001). Conclusion: Our scale is effective since the mandibular third molars with the highest scores were significantly correlated to longer ostectomy time and total surgical time.","PeriodicalId":11270,"journal":{"name":"Dental Science Updates","volume":"1 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140271267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Sintering Technique on Shade and Shear Bond Strength of CAD/CAM Monolithic Translucent Zirconia","authors":"omar hassan, mohamed desouky, Tarek Abdelhamid, M. Atta","doi":"10.21608/dsu.2024.215708.1183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/dsu.2024.215708.1183","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The fabrication of zirconia dental restoration is a time-consuming process due to traditional slow sintering schemes. A speed sintering protocol has been developed to meet the demand for time and cost-effective chair-side CAD/ CAM-produced restorations, as well as to control ceramic microstructures for better translucency. Fast heating and cooling rates, as well as shorter sintering dwell times are known to affect the microstructure and properties of zirconia. Aim of study: This study aimed to investigate and compare between three types of monolithic translucent zirconia in terms of the shade and the shear bond strength of the zirconia samples to adhesive resin cement after conventional and speed sintering. Material and Methods: Three types of zirconia discs were cut into 20 square shaped samples, 10 large square shaped and 10 small square shaped and bonded to each other. Bonded samples were divided according to type of zirconia into 3 groups: Group 1: Dental direct ZX 2 , Group 2: Dental Direct ZW iso, Group 3: Zolid HT+. Each group was subdivided according to sintering technique into 2 subgroups. Shade and shear bond test were measured. Results: The speed sintering of the three types of zirconia showed a lower ΔE values than that showed with the conventional sintering, and among the speed and conventional sintering subgroups Dental Direkt Bio ZX 2 showed the lowest ΔE value and highest shear bond strength value followed by Dental Direct Bio ZW iso and Zolid Ht+. Conclusion: The speed sintering technique of the monolithic translucent zirconia gave better color shade reproduction and higher shear bond strength to resin cement than that of the conventional sintering technique. Dental Direkt ZX 2 produced better color shade reproduction and higher shear bond strength to resin cement than that of the Dental Direkt ZW iso and Zolid Ht+ in speed and conventional sintering technique.","PeriodicalId":11270,"journal":{"name":"Dental Science Updates","volume":"25 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140272321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glass Ionomer Coating with Nano-filled Resin versus Resin Reinforced Glass Ionomer as a Restorative Materials for Primary Molars","authors":"mohamed mansour, Mohamed Farag, shaymaa mahfouz","doi":"10.21608/dsu.2024.219258.1188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/dsu.2024.219258.1188","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction : Glass Ionomer Coating (GICs) are a special group of dental materials having some very unique properties. They adhere to slightly moist enamel and dentin without the need for any adhesive system, they release fluoride and thus have anticariogenic effects for an extended period, they can absorb and release fluoride from topical fluoride solutions, they have thermal expansion similar to enamel, and they are biocompatible with a low toxicity. Aim: the current study was to evaluate and compare; the clinical performance of GIC with surface coat versus resin modified GI restorations in primary molars in vivo. Materials and Methods: 24 children had bilateral carious class I molars fulfilling the inclusion criteria were selected. 48 molars were divided using split mouth technique into two groups; Equia-forte Group : 24 primary molar teeth with class I cavities were filled with glass ionomer (equia forte fil) followed by coating with (Equia forte coat) in the right side to all patients. Riva Lc Group : 24 primary molar teeth with class I cavities were filled with resin reinforced glass ionomer (Riva light cure) in the left side to all patients. All restorations were evaluated according to modified USPHS criteria at 1,3,6,9,12 months. Results: There was no significant difference between Equia forte fil and Riva Lc. Conclusion: Both Equia Forte and Riva LC restorations showed successful performance in class I cavities in primary molars after 1 year according to modified USPHS criteria, Both Equia Forte and Riva LC restorations could be used as variable options for restoring class I cavities in primary molars.","PeriodicalId":11270,"journal":{"name":"Dental Science Updates","volume":"179 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140280778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Nano-Bioceramic Bone Graft on the Healing Process of Unfavorable Mandibular Angle Fracture (An experimental study)","authors":"Muhammed El Basiony, Walid Ghanem, Ibrahim Ahmed, Sabry Elkorash, Amr El-Swify","doi":"10.21608/dsu.2024.214344.1179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/dsu.2024.214344.1179","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The most frequent fracture is a mandibular angle fracture, which is challenging to treat because there is no established universal technique. So, for diverse implant systems, different kinds of plates have been developed. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate of nano bio-ceramic bone graft with 3D bone plate on the healing of unfavorable mandibular angle fracture. Material and methods: This study included 18 male adult mongrel dogs, animals were divided into (9 of each): study group (I) where the angle fracture treated by 3 dimension bone plate with Nano bio glass bone graft. Control group (II) where the angle fracture treated by 3 dimension bone plate only. Noncritical size bone defects (3 mm diameter) were created in the mandibular angle of the dogs. Bone density was measured in the vicinity of the fracture line using the cone beam (CBCT). Results: Dogs were euthanized at 3, 6 and 12 weeks postoperatively, six dogs at a time, three dogs from each group. All of the 18 fracture line healed uneventfully. Soft tissue healing normally proceeded without any signs of infection. Post-operative assessment of the current study revealed no obvious complications; neither post-operative infection nor wound dehiscence was detected in any case. The synthetic Nano bio glass bone graft was bio compatible and non-allergic. CBCT showed that measurements of the bone density reading were increased in study group more than control group throughout showing highly significantly reading after 12 weeks. The measurements of the bone density were higher in the study group than control group throughout the whole study intervals. Conclusion: 3D Titanium plates have superior biomechanical properties and biocompatibility when used in treatment of fractures of the angle. Nano bio glass bone graft is a compatible material and doesn’t interfere with the healing process of fracture filed.","PeriodicalId":11270,"journal":{"name":"Dental Science Updates","volume":"66 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140282352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histological and Molecular Assessment of Anti-inflammatory Effect of Different Concentrations of Hyaluronic Acid Injected in Inflamed Rabbit’s Tempromandibular Joint","authors":"anas mohamed, Mona Tawfik, Enas Hegazy, Eman Elsharrawy","doi":"10.21608/dsu.2023.238689.1205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/dsu.2023.238689.1205","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Several studies indicated that Hyaluronic acid (HA) has anti-inflammatory role through suppressing mediators of inflammation involved in the osteoarthritic disease state. Aim: Investigating the anti-inflammatory effect of different concentrations of hyaluronic acid on experimentally induced inflammatory changes in rabbits temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Material and Methods: Forty male rabbits were prepared and randomly divided into 5 groups each group formed of 8 rabbits as follow: Group (1): 8 animals injected with saline only served a negative control group. Group (2): 8 animals injected with formalin served as positive control. Group (3): 8 animals injected with 0.1ml of formalin once, followed by 2.5mg/0.5ml /week of HA for three weeks. Group (4): formed of 8 animals injected with 0.1ml of formalin once, followed by 5mg/0.5ml /week of HA for three weeks. Group (5): 8 animals injected with 0.1ml of formalin once, followed by 7.5mg/0.5ml /week of HA for three weeks. Eventually blood samples were collected and animals were euthanized. Evaluation in this study included measuring pro inflammatory markers IL-6, IL-1β and CRP by ELISA. Histological evaluation of TMJ tissues to detect changes in the muscles, ligaments, and bones. Results: all animals injected with HA showed a significant reduction in levels of IL-6, IL-1β and CRP in addition to improvement in tissue structure. Animals in G4 and G5 showed significantly better results than G3. Conclusion : there is a statistically significant anti-inflammatory effect of HA on TMJ at different concentrations.","PeriodicalId":11270,"journal":{"name":"Dental Science Updates","volume":"38 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140270283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Upper first premolars extraction During Orthodontic Treatment on Distribution of Bite Force.","authors":"Rim Fathalla, Hanady Samih, Ahmed Ramadan","doi":"10.21608/dsu.2024.195241.1162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/dsu.2024.195241.1162","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Improving masticatory and postural function is one of the primary goals of orthodontic treatment. The assessment of the patient’s occlusion throughout the treatment permits the orthodontist to improve the functional occlusion through interventional tooth movements when necessary, rendering the overall treatment to be more efficient and decreasing the patient’s discomfort. Aim: An in-vivo cross-sectional study to evaluate the effect of upper first premolars extraction during orthodontic treatment on bite force distribution. Methods: Ten patients (mean age=16.13±2.17 years), who would be treated orthodontically with upper first premolars extraction to treat their upper anterior teeth proclination, were selected for this study. The T-scan III system was utilized to measure the occlusal bite force of the patients before and after treatment, and the findings were compared. Results: There was a statistically significant increase in the occlusal bite force’s mean in the arch’s anterior segment from 5.96% (±6.57) to 14.48% (±8.81) after the orthodontic treatment. A non-statistically significant increase in the occlusal bite force in the posterior right segment of the arch from 36.94% (±15.60) to 42.36 % (±11.14) was found after the treatment. The occlusal bite force in the posterior left segment of the arch decreased insignificantly from 56.45% (±15.72) to 40.15% (±13.59). It was found that there was an increase in the distribution of occlusal bite force on the right side and a subsequent decrease on the left side after treatment. There was an even distribution of bite force on both sides of the arch by the end of the treatment. Conclusions: Extraction of upper first premolar teeth does not negatively impact the functional aspect of occlusion. The T-scan III system is a key diagnostic tool utilized during orthodontic treatment to monitor occlusal changes.","PeriodicalId":11270,"journal":{"name":"Dental Science Updates","volume":"107 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140276550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Minimally Invasive Access Cavities on the Cleaning Ability of Primary Infected Root Canals: An in-Vitro Study","authors":"Omar Ammar, Dalia Fayad, Nasr Hashem","doi":"10.21608/dsu.2024.198026.1165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/dsu.2024.198026.1165","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: An endodontic treatment’s success is contingent upon appropriate shaping, cleaning, as well as effective disinfection followed by obturation, which seals the complex anatomy completely. For the purpose of maintaining the maximum volume of dentin, a novel endodontic access cavity concept has been recently gained popularity. The preservation of the most important peri-cervical dentin is the primary focus of this types of coronal access. In contrast to traditional endodontic access cavity preparation (TEAC), conservative endodontic cavity (CEC) preparation is a minimally invasive procedure that can preserve tooth structures, such as pericervical dentin. Therefore, the current study might be of value. Aim: the current study was carried out to evaluate the influence of minimally invasive endodontic access cavities (truss, pointed) versus conventional ones on cleaning ability of primary infected root canals. Materials and Methods: the research was approved by Research Ethical Committee (REC) of the Faculty of Dentistry Suez Canal University, with appoval no. #201/2019. This study was carried on 36 intact freshly extracted human mandibular first molars. The selected teeth were initially infected with Fusobacterium nucleatum (ATCC 10953), and Streptococcus Intermedius (ATCC 27335) then were randomly allocated into three equal groups (n=12) based on the type of access cavity: Group (A0): the selected teeth will receive conventional access cavities, Group (A1): the selected teeth will receive truss access cavities, and Group (A2): the selected teeth will receive pointed access cavities. Biomechanical preparation was performed using TruNatomy and irrigated with NaOCl 2.5% + EDTA 17% and ChloraEXtra + EDTA 17%. Confocal Laser Scanning was performed. All records were collected, tabulated and statistically analyzed to evaluate the influence of minimally invasive endodontic access cavities versus conventional ones on cleaning ability of primary infected root canals. Results: The findings revealed that Conservative access with ChloroExtra irrigation had the statistically significantly lowest mean Bacterial Percentage reduction. While Conventional access cavity either using NaOCl or ChloroExtra irrigation showed the highest bacterial reduction, followed by Truss access cavity with NaOCl, Truss access cavity with ChloroExtra, and Conservative access cavity with NaOCl respectively, with no significant difference. Using ChloroExtra irrigation negatively affected the bacterial reduction in each group, regardless of the type of access used, with the least bacterial reduction in the conservative access design group. While NaOCl irrigation increased the bacterial reduction within each group, with comparable results among all groups. Conclusion: 1. Using both NaOCl and ChloroExtra lead to reduction in bacterial count. 2. Conventional endodontic access cavities are still considered the gold standard in root canal treatment. 3. In terms of bacteria reduction ","PeriodicalId":11270,"journal":{"name":"Dental Science Updates","volume":"4 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140505964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}