Dentistry Journal最新文献

{"title":"Does the Phase-One Functional Therapy Increase the Risk of an External Apical Root Resorption Following the Phase-Two Fixed Orthodontic Treatment? A Pilot Study.","authors":"Sara Eslami, Jakob Stuhlfelder, Suh-In Rhie, Sarah Bühling, Mauricio Gonzalez Balut, Ludovica Nucci, Abdolreza Jamilian, Babak Sayahpour","doi":"10.3390/dj13030095","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13030095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: This retrospective study aimed to analyze the frequency and extent of apical root resorptions (EARR) during orthodontic treatment in the upper and lower incisors, as well as lower molars, using orthopantomograms (OPG). Potential influencing factors such as age, gender, root shape, type of orthodontic appliance, and treatment duration were examined as well. <b>Methods</b>: A total of 57 patients who completed their treatment at the orthodontic department of the Goethe University of Frankfurt between 2011 and 2018 were included in the study. These patients had a combined total of 570 teeth, which were divided into two groups. Group 1 consisted of 20 patients (average age at T0: 10.1 ± 1.2 years old) received a one-phase fixed orthodontic treatment using passive self-ligating Damon bracket system (average duration of 2.1 years ± 6 months), while group 2 consisted of 37 patients (average age at T0: 12.4 ± 2.8 years old) underwent a two-phase therapy, which involved a phase-one functional therapy (average duration of 1.7 years ± 6 months) prior to the phase-two fixed orthodontic treatment with the Damon system (average duration of 1.5 ± 4 months) with a total treatment time of 3.2 years ± 7 months. To determine the extent of post-treatment root resorption of the upper and lower incisors, as well as the first lower molars, crown-root ratio was calculated for each tooth using the pre- and post-treatment OPGs. Additionally, each tooth was assigned a degree of resorption according to the Levander and Malmgren classification. The inter-group comparisons were conducted using the Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney U test. Spearman's correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between age, treatment duration, and EARR. The association between gender, root morphology, and EARR was evaluated using the Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney U test. For nominally scaled variables, the Chi-square test was used. The statistical significance was set at <i>p</i> < 0.05. <b>Results</b>: No statistically significant differences were seen between groups 1 and 2 regarding the degree of root resorption (<i>p</i> = 0.89). The study found that the average root resorption for all examined teeth was -5.14%, indicating a slight reduction in the length of the tooth roots after orthodontic treatment. However, no significant differences were observed concerning gender, age, type of orthodontic appliance or treatment duration. Comparisons between upper and lower jaws also did not yield statistically significant differences. The majority of teeth in the study exhibited a normal root shape. The short root length and a pipette formed roots were significantly associated with a higher risk of root resorption (<i>p</i> = 0.001). <b>Conclusions</b>: The study's findings suggest that the two-phase orthodontic treatment does not increase the risk of EARR compared to one-phase therapy significantly. Some degree of root resorption occurred as a result of orthodontic treatment in both","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941711/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143708436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Four Ni-Ti Rotary Systems: Dental Students' Perceptions in a Multi-Center Simulated Study.","authors":"Francesco Puleio, Vincenzo Tosco, Riccardo Monterubbianesi, Rosario Pirri, Angela Alibrandi, Daria Pulvirenti, Michele Simeone","doi":"10.3390/dj13030097","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13030097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) rotary instruments have significantly enhanced the efficiency and safety of root canal shaping. However, the variety of Ni-Ti systems, characterized by differences in alloy composition, taper design, and heat treatment, may influence their usability, particularly for novice operators. This study aimed to evaluate the perceptions of dental students using four Ni-Ti rotary systems (MTwo, SlimShaper Pro, ProTaper Gold, and HyFlex EDM) in a simulated environment. <b>Methods</b>: Forty dental students from two universities participated in the study and completed a standardized preoperative training session. Root canal shaping was performed on resin teeth models, and an 11-item questionnaire was used to assess various parameters, including flexibility, ease of use, and the ability to maintain working length. <b>Results</b>: The results indicated significant differences in student feedback. SlimShaper Pro and HyFlex EDM were preferred for their flexibility, reduced resistance, and ease of instrument transitions, likely due to their smaller tapers and martensitic alloys. MTwo was rated the least flexible and more challenging to use. <b>Conclusions:</b> These findings underline the importance of user-friendly Ni-Ti systems in pre-clinical training to reduce procedural difficulties and operator stress. Further research should validate these findings in clinical settings to improve the training of novice operators.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941718/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143709086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accessory Mental Foramina in Dry Mandibles: An Observational Study Along with Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Zoi Maria Thomaidi, Charalambos Tsatsarelis, Vasileios Papadopoulos","doi":"10.3390/dj13030094","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13030094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: The mental foramen (MF) constitutes a passage for mental nerves and vessels, and it is a crucial anatomical landmark in the body of the mandible. The accessory mental foramen (AMF) is a small, addable foramen proximate to the MF, and it is mainly located posteriorly. The AMF is a rare anatomical variation in human mandibles that must be taken into consideration throughout dental and surgical operations. We aimed to assess the incidence and perform morphological and morphometric analyses of AMFs in the human dry mandibles of the Greek population, in addition to a relevant systematic review and meta-analysis of global data. <b>Methods</b>: We studied 114 human adult dry mandibles of unknown gender and age available from the Laboratory of Anatomy, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Greece. We used the search term \"accessory mental foramen\" in the PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases to detect all publications of the last 50 years reporting the prevalence and morphology of AMFs in dry mandibles; the search ended on 13 January 2025. Quality assessments were performed using the relevant Joanna Briggs Institute tool. Data were synthesized with the random-effects REML model after Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformationusing STATA 18. No external funding was received. The PROSPERO CRD is 42025638135. <b>Results</b>: According to our data, the MF was present in all observed mandibles, and it was bilateral. Nine AMFs (five right/four left; five round/four oval; six posterior/three anterior to the MF) were found in seven mandibles (five single and two double), and all were unilateral. AMFs presented a mean diameter of 0.96 ± 0.43 mm and mean distances of 4.12 ± 2.15 mm from the MF, 12.68 ± 4.10 mm from the alveolar ridge, and 11.92 ± 1.57 mm from the lower border of the mandible. Furthermore, 27 publications were included in the meta-analysis; the combined AMF prevalence was 6.1% (95% CI: 4.8-7.6%; I² 60%), the combined mean vertical axis was 1.18 ± 0.61 mm, and the combined mean distance from the MF was 3.64 ± 2.29 mm. Bilateral AMFs were detected in 2.1% of AMF cases. An oval shape was described in 37.3% of AMFs. No publication bias was detected. <b>Conclusions</b>: AMFs are not considered rare, and they are occasionally bilateral or even multiple in number. Moreover, they demonstrate considerable variation regarding their size, shape, anddistance from the MF, alveolar ridge, and lower border of the mandible. Dental surgeons must be aware of AMFs' anatomical variations during surgical and anesthetic planning in order to effectively prevent or mitigate the risk of postoperative complications, such as pain, anesthesia, injury, and other adverse outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941353/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143709096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Treatment of Gingival Recessions in the Lower Anterior Region Associated with the Use/Absence of Lingual-Fixed Orthodontics Retainers: Three Case Reports Using the Laterally Closed Tunnel Technique and Parallel Incision Methods.","authors":"Alexandra Tavares Dias, Jessica Figueiredo Lopes, Juliana Campos Hasse Fernandes, Gustavo Vicentis Oliveira Fernandes","doi":"10.3390/dj13030093","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13030093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: The prevalence of gingival recessions (GRs) in the global population is 78%. A long-term study showed a 47% increase in the prevalence of GRs five years post-orthodontic treatment, particularly in the lower anterior region. It can be caused and/or exacerbated after orthodontic treatment, where the retainer placed can induce tooth movement or when it fails to maintain a passive position upon bonding. Thus, the goal of this case report was to present treatments for gingival recessions, with the approaches of the laterally closed tunnel technique and parallel incision methods, after orthodontic treatment in patients using non-passive lingual retainers. <b>Methods</b>: This case report adhered to the CARE guidelines. Three healthy patients were referred due to GR defects in the lower anterior region (RT1 and RT2). All patients had GR associated with deficient lingual-fixed orthodontics retainers. The same experienced periodontist (ATD) developed the surgeries and aimed to achieve root coverage using the connective tissue graft associated with a coronally advanced flap (CAF) and modify the recipient area's gingival phenotype. <b>Results</b>: In all cases, a new orthodontic treatment was not possible due to anatomical or patient-related factors. Outcomes after six months, three years, and five years are presented, encompassing clinical and esthetic evaluations. <b>Conclusions</b>: GRs must always be addressed by orthodontic therapy or lingual-fixed orthodontic retainers. In cases where dental elements are positioned outside the bone envelope, orthodontic treatment may be considered before root coverage surgery. Therefore, surgical intervention should be undertaken for the keratinized tissue and volume gain, independently of the tooth position. Modifying the phenotype in these situations is vital for the long-term maintenance of periodontal health.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11940896/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143709142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Incorporating Nanoparticles to Adhesive Resin on the Demineralization of Enamel: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Naif Almosa","doi":"10.3390/dj13030089","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13030089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objective:</b> Many novel solutions for a range of dental problems are emerging as a result of the quick development of nanotechnology and nanocomplex synthetic techniques. The effectiveness, quality, and negative consequences of these advancements are occasionally debatable, though. This systematic review sought to better summarize the existing additions of nanoparticles to dental adhesive systems in order to improve their performance and properties, evaluate their quality, and examine the results that have been published. <b>Materials and methods:</b> The present systematic review was carried out according to PRISMA guidelines. The search was carried out on PubMed central, Cochrane collaboration, Science direct and Scopus scientific engines. Selected MeSH keywords (nanoparticles, adhesive resin, enamel demineralization) were used for data extraction. A total of 13 full-text original articles were included in the final analysis, and these articles were based on adding nanoparticles to the adhesive resin to evaluate their effects on enamel demineralization. <b>Results:</b> The literature search resulted in a total of 13 original studies/articles up until November 2024. The text articles comprised in vitro studies with robust inclusion and exclusion criteria. The review included various types of adhesives and nanoparticles, with amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) being the most common. Other nanoparticles included polydopamine-Ag, bioactive glass, and silver. Most studies assessed the effects of nanoparticles on adhesive shear bond strength (SBS), microbial growth, and microhardness. Only three studies investigated the effects of nanoparticles on microhardness using Vickers tests. <b>Conclusions:</b> The review found that adding nanoparticles to orthodontic dental adhesives enhances their antibacterial and anticariogenic properties without affecting the shear bond strength. This could prevent enamel demineralization during orthodontic therapy. Future research could benefit from these positive properties, necessitating an interdisciplinary approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941179/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143708986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of Quantitative Light-Induced Fluorescence Digital Analysis for Assessing Early Dental Caries Depth: A Micro-Computed Tomography-Based <i>In Vitro</i> Study.","authors":"Ji-Hyun Min","doi":"10.3390/dj13030090","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13030090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> This study aimed to evaluate the analytical validity of micro-computed tomography (µCT) and compare it with quantitative light-induced fluorescence digital (QLFD) for assessing early dental caries (EDC) lesion depth (LD). This study was conducted in a destructive <i>in vitro</i> setting. <b>Methods:</b> EDC lesions were artificially induced in 28 bovine tooth specimens for 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 days, respectively. The lesions were analyzed using µCT and QLFD, with grayscale intensity thresholds set at 90% and 95%. A Pearson correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between lesion depths measured using micro-computed tomography (LD_µCT) and quantitative light-induced fluorescence digital (LD_QLFD) across different demineralization periods. Additionally, a Bland-Altman analysis was conducted to assess agreement between the two methods and identify systematic differences and potential bias. A regression analysis was further conducted with LD_QLFD as the independent variable and LD_µCT as the dependent variable. <b>Results:</b> LD_µCT was consistently lower than LD_QLFD across all demineralization periods. The Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated a strong correlation between LD_µCT and LD_QLFD (r = 0.898-0.977, <i>p</i> < 0.001). The Bland-Altman analysis demonstrated a high level of agreement, with most data points falling within the 95% limit of agreement. Furthermore, the regression analysis suggested that QLFD may serve as a reliable complementary tool for lesion depth assessment. <b>Conclusions:</b> Although µCT and QLFD operate based on different principles, the findings of this study, along with the cost-effectiveness and ease of use of QLFD, suggest that QLFD may serve as a complementary tool to µCT in experimental research.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11940986/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143709147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Endodontic Surgery: A Systematic Review of Guided Tissue Regeneration, Grafting, and Platelet Concentrates vs. No Intervention.","authors":"Mohammad Sabeti, Natalie Black, Mohsen Ramazani, Nafiseh Zarenejaddivkolahei, Mahmood Moosazadeh","doi":"10.3390/dj13030091","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13030091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) and the use of various grafting materials and platelet concentrates have emerged as promising adjunctive techniques in endodontic surgery to enhance bone regeneration and improve healing outcomes, although evidence regarding their consistent effectiveness remains inconclusive. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate existing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and prospective clinical trials to determine the efficacy of bone grafts, membranes, or platelet concentrates on outcomes in endodontic periapical surgery, employing a robust evidence-based approach. <b>Methods</b>: Searches were conducted in MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Library, and gray literature databases from their inception until March 2024. Study selection and data extraction were conducted independently by two reviewers. Eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and prospective clinical trials underwent critical appraisal for risk of bias and quality of evidence and were subjected to meta-analysis to determine treatment effects. <b>Results</b>: Twelve studies were included. The pool success rate for periapical surgery using any regenerative material (bone graft, membrane, or platelet concentrate) was 2.48 (OR: 2.48, 95% CI: 1.42-4.34). Multiple subgroup analyses based on the type of regenerative material used during treatment were performed, presenting high certainty of evidence. The subgroup analysis, which examined bone graft only, bone graft with membrane, membrane only, concentrated growth factor only, and concentrated growth factor with bone graft, yielded significant results only for concentrated growth factor with bone graft (OR: 15.01, 95% CI: 1.12-271.70). While the success rate of periapical surgery with other regenerative materials did not reach statistical significance, the effect size was substantial. <b>Conclusions:</b> Overall, the findings indicate that utilizing a concentrated growth factor with a bone graft significantly improves the success of bone regeneration procedures over a 12-month follow-up period compared to interventions without these components. However, more research will be needed with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up times.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941754/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143709107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bony Defect Regeneration in Periodontitis: A Systematic Review of the Literature Regarding the Use of Enamel Matrix Derivative Proteins.","authors":"Eugen Bud, Silvia-Izabella Pop, Anamaria Bud, Benjamin Robert Steele, Alexandru Vlasa","doi":"10.3390/dj13030092","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13030092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Periodontitis is characterized as a change in the total periodontal tissues that includes tissue loss, as evidenced by clinical loss of attachment, and radiographically determined alveolar bone loss, periodontal pockets, and gingival bleeding. <b>Objectives</b>: The aim of this study was to observe and analyze recent information from the literature on the effect of enamel matrix derivative proteins on the bony defects caused by periodontitis. <b>Methods</b>: Through using two major online databases and search engines, the literature was manually searched for papers published until May 2024. To find relevant studies, this research utilized a combination of target keywords, and the reference lists of manuscripts that were chosen for inclusion in this study were checked and analyzed in tabular form, enabling the collection and comparison of data. <b>Results</b>: According to the results, the average value of the probing depth gained was 4 mm for the EMD™ alone and 4.25 mm for the EMD combined with surgical techniques such as open-flap techniques, platelet derivatives, and growth factors. In regard to clinical attachment level (CAL) gaining, average values of 3.6 mm in EMD™ alone and 3.86 mm with EMD™ combined with other techniques were observed. <b>Conclusions</b>: It can be concluded that the healing propensity depends on the morphological structure of the bone defect represented by the wall stage, and there is a certain coherence and correlation between the values of probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL), whether for the use of EMD alone or its use in combination with other materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941161/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143709071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Disinfection Efficacy of Er: YAG Laser Light on Single-Species Candida Biofilms-An In Vitro Study.","authors":"Diana Dembicka-Mączka, Małgorzata Kępa, Jakub Fiegler-Rudol, Zuzanna Grzech-Leśniak, Jacek Matys, Kinga Grzech-Leśniak, Rafał Wiench","doi":"10.3390/dj13020088","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13020088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Oral candidiasis is an opportunistic infection caused by Candida species. Recently, antifungal drugs have become less effective due to yeast resistance, emphasizing the need for new treatment strategies. This study aimed to assess the effect of the Er:YAG laser on the inhibition of growth and elimination of mature single-species Candida biofilms. <b>Methods:</b> The study utilized reference strains of <i>C. albicans</i>, <i>C. glabrata</i>, <i>C. parapsilosis</i>, and <i>C. krusei</i> organized in single-species biofilms on Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA). First part: <i>Candida</i> suspensions (0.5 McFarland standard) were spread on SDA plates-two for each strain. Er:YAG laser irradiation was applied in a single pulse mode, 30 to 400 mJ, to 32 predetermined points. The growth inhibition zones (GIZs) were measured at 24-96 h of incubation. Second part: biofilms were prepared similarly and, after 96 h of incubation, exposed to Er:YAG laser irradiation at different energies (50, 100, 150, 200 mJ) for 180 s, per 1.44 cm area. Post-irradiation, impressions were taken using Rodac Agar to determine yeast counts. The count of colony-forming units (CFU) after irradiation was measured and results were analysed statistically. <b>Results</b>: First part: GIZ was found in all irradiated sites, with various <i>Candida</i> strains. The results showed a significant increase in the width of GIZ in the energy range of 30-280 mJ and a non-significant increase in the energy range of 300-400 mJ. Second part: the number of CFU remaining after the irradiation of biofilms with 150 mJ energy differed statistically significantly from other results obtained after using 50, 100, or 200 mJ energy, regardless of the <i>Candida</i> strain tested. <b>Conclusions</b>: The Er:YAG is shown to have good disinfecting properties (inhibiting biofilm growth, even at low-energy doses (50 mJ), and eliminating maturity, <i>Candida</i> spp. biofilms most effective on the 150 mJ energy dose).</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11853755/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143491308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial Efficacy of Benefect™ Botanical Disinfectant in Comparison with Sodium Hypochlorite and Chlorohexidine Against Multiple Endodontic Pathogens: An Ex Vivo Study.","authors":"Sarmed Toma, Joseph Ferracciolo, Mazin Askar, Eric Krukonis, Susan Paurazas","doi":"10.3390/dj13020087","DOIUrl":"10.3390/dj13020087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Natural antibacterial agents, such as essential oils, can potentially be used for endodontic disinfection with less toxicity than other available irrigants such as sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and chlorhexidine (CHX). Benefect^TM is a formulation of essential oils with broad antibacterial spectrum efficacy. This study aims to compare the antibacterial efficacy of Benefect^TM to 6% NaOCl and 2% CHX irrigant solutions against multiple endodontic pathogens. <b>Methods</b>: The study utilized 100 extracted human single-canal permanent teeth. Samples were decoronated, instrumented, and autoclaved. The teeth were infected with <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>, <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>, <i>Actinomyces naeslundii</i>, or <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> for 6-24 h. The teeth were divided into four groups according to the irrigant solution used. Contact with each irrigant was maintained for 12 min. The antibacterial efficacy of each treatment was calculated relative to viable bacteria recovered after saline treatment. Statistical analysis was performed using Student's <i>t</i>-test. <b>Results</b>: All <i>S. mutans</i> samples treated with NaOCl, CHX, and Benefect^TM showed a complete absence of bacterial colonies when compared to saline (>99.9% killing). The <i>E. faecalis</i>, <i>A. naeslundii</i>, and <i>P. gingivalis</i> samples treated with all tested irrigants showed at least 99% antibacterial killing activity. There was no statistical difference in killing between these three antimicrobial treatments. <b>Conclusions</b>: Benefect^TM botanical disinfectant has comparable antibacterial efficacy to NaOCl and CHX against <i>S. mutans</i>, <i>E. faecalis</i>, <i>A. naeslundii</i>, and <i>P. gingivalis</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":11269,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Journal","volume":"13 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11854286/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143491244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}