Diamond and Related Materials最新文献

{"title":"Arginine-functionalized graphene quantum dots@palladium composite modified pencil graphite electrode for electrochemical detection of DNA-mitomycin C interaction","authors":"Nuray Denizhan ,&nbsp;Selehattin Yilmaz ,&nbsp;Dilsat Ozkan-Ariksoysal ,&nbsp;Deniz Emre ,&nbsp;Ali Bilici","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112433","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112433","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present study, modified pencil graphite electrodes were prepared by synthesizing a novel nanocomposite with palladium and arginine-functionalized graphene quantum dots (Arg@GQDs) for the electrochemical monitoring of anticancer compound mitomycin C (MC) and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) interaction for the first time. The oxidation responses of both guanine in DNA and the MC drug were measured in the same potential scanning range, and the drug-DNA interaction was determined by the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) method. To improve the performance of the developed system, experimental parameters such as dsDNA and MC concentration and their interaction times were optimized. The surfaces obtained after the modification were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy (UV–Vis), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photon spectroscopy (XPS), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods. The developed nanocomposite-modified electrodes (Arg@GQD@Pd@PGEs) provided higher guanine oxidation signals than PGEs. The limit of detection (LOD) values for dsDNA immobilized on PGE and Arg@GQD@Pd@PGEs were 0.713 pg 50 μL⁻¹ and 0.019 pg 50 μL⁻¹, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 112433"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143931928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-covalent and covalent binding of proteins on ultrananocrystalline diamond films with different surface terminations","authors":"Rezvaneh Ghasemitabesh ,&nbsp;Daniel Merker ,&nbsp;Jan W. Bröckel ,&nbsp;Daniela Bertinetti ,&nbsp;Yahya Zakaria ,&nbsp;Alexander Welle ,&nbsp;Friedrich W. Herberg ,&nbsp;Cyril Popov","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The immobilization of proteins on solid surfaces is a critical aspect of biosensor development, offering enhanced sensitivity and specificity for molecular recognition. Ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) films have emerged as a promising platform for protein immobilization due to their exceptional biocompatibility, chemical stability, and tunable surface properties. In this study, we investigate the non-covalent and covalent binding of green fluorescent protein (GFP) on nanostructured UNCD surfaces employing fluorescence spectroscopy to assess the efficiency of protein immobilization. The non-covalent binding was affected by the surface terminations (hydrogen, oxygen, and fluorine) rendered by different plasma modifications. The oxygen-terminated UNCD surfaces exhibited the highest efficiency attributed to favorable wettability and electrostatic interactions, revealed by zeta potential and contact angle measurements. The covalent immobilization via linker chemistry was studied for both GFP and anti-GFP nanobodies with the variation of the GFP concentration within the range of 10 μM – 10 pM. Milk powder was applied as a blocker to minimize the non-covalent binding of the target proteins. The intensity of the fluorescence signal decreased with the GFP concentration and below 1–10 nM approached that of the buffer control samples. The individual steps of the protein immobilization were investigated by zeta potential measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). Finally, a fluorescent dye-labeled nanobody was constructed as a reporter complex and applied to provide fluorescence signals distinguishable from those of GFP due to the different wavelengths. Such complexes combine the high specificity of the binding proteins with the bright and stable signal of the fluorescent dyes and can be implemented for realization of biosensors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 112432"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interfacial adsorption-diffusion behavior and titanium-induced catalytic mechanism in Cu-Sn-Ti brazed diamond: First-principles and experimental study","authors":"Bing Cui ,&nbsp;Tao Jiang ,&nbsp;Quanbin Du ,&nbsp;Lei Wang ,&nbsp;Ang Li ,&nbsp;Zhanjiang Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To investigate the adsorption and diffusion behaviors of interfacial elements and the formation mechanism of the interfacial structure in Cu-Sn-Ti brazed diamond, first-principles calculations were employed to systematically evaluate the adsorption and migration properties of Cu, Sn, and Ti atoms on the diamond (111) surface. A comparative analysis of binding energies and electronic structures was conducted among the Cu-Sn-Ti filler alloy, pure Cu, and the diamond (111) surface. Furthermore, Raman spectroscopy was utilized to quantify the graphitization degree of post-brazed diamond. The results revealed that Ti plays a critical role in enhancing the interfacial bonding strength and structural stability between the Cu-based filler alloy and diamond. The adsorption energies of Cu, Sn and Ti at their optimal adsorption sites on the diamond (111) surface were calculated as follows: E_absTi (9.86 eV) &gt; E_absSn (6.94 eV) &gt; E_absCu (4.11 eV), and the change rate of layer spacing between first and second layer of diamond was 19.62 % after the adsorption of Ti atoms. The diffusion energy barrier values of Cu, Sn and Ti on the diamond (111) crystal surface are Ti (0.53 eV)<span><math><mo>&gt;</mo></math></span> Sn (0.314 eV) <span><math><mo>&gt;</mo></math></span> Cu (0.218 eV), respectively. This means that: the diffusion difficulty of Cu or Sn atoms on the diamond crystal surface is low and the adsorption performance is poor, and Ti atoms can seize the adsorption sites of Cu or Sn atoms on the diamond crystal surface. Under conditions of co-adsorption by identical atoms, such as (Cu-Cu@diamond) or (Ti-Ti@diamond), the adsorption performance of individual atoms on the diamond surface is enhanced, whereas co-adsorption by (Sn-Sn@diamond) tends to weaken the adsorption performance of individual atoms on the diamond surface. Co-adsorption by different types of atoms generally reduces the adsorption performance of each atom on the diamond surface. Raman experimental results show that there is a clear graphitization peak in diamond after the addition of Ti, and that Ti plays a crucial role in improving the bonding strength between the Cu-based filler alloy and the diamond crystal surface.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 112430"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143923417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2-Dimensional nanosheets derived from graphitic carbon doped copper oxide@nickel oxide composite for electrochemical properties of CO2 and HER application","authors":"H. Ganesha ,&nbsp;Rajaji Pavadai ,&nbsp;M. Vandana ,&nbsp;Veeramani Mangala Gowri ,&nbsp;Pontagarn Chanpuang ,&nbsp;Jeerawan Khumphon ,&nbsp;H. Devendrappa ,&nbsp;Chaisak Issro ,&nbsp;Dusadee Khamboonrueang ,&nbsp;Sutasinee Kityakarn ,&nbsp;Sirikanjana Thongmee","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The advancement of renewable energy storage and conversion technology with enhanced performance is driven by the continuously rising need for energy supplies. A novel approach to developing highly effective electrocatalysts that combine the advantageous features of carbon materials doped with the electrocatalytic characteristics of metal oxides for electrochemical properties of CO₂ and HER applications. In this work, we have synthesized a graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) by a thermal calcination method and copper oxide (CuO), and a novel composite nanosheet-like structure of graphitic carbon nitrate doped with copper oxide@nickel oxide (G/Cu/Ni) was synthesized via a co-precipitation method. The synthesized material was characterized by XRD, FTIR, UV, EDAX, FESEM, BET, TGA, and TEM. Additionally, adding the CuO and NiO changes the materials intrinsic conductivity and morphology structure, which creates a defect that causes enormous oxygen vacancies in the G/Cu and G/Cu/Ni composite. Consequently, G/Cu/Ni composites, electrocatalysts have outstanding intrinsic electrocatalytic ability on both HER and CO₂ in alkaline electrolytes due to the combined effect of metal oxides with carbon material enhancing their electrochemical activity. The GCN, CuO, G/Cu, and G/Cu/Ni composites exhibit a overpotential of 420 mV, 321, 296, and 257 mV, and the Tafel slope demonstrates approximate values of 305 mV dec⁻¹, 228, 172, and 121 mV dec⁻¹ with a current density of 10 mA cm⁻². Also, the CV curve showed that the Cdl values of GCN, CuO, G/Cu, and G/Cu/Ni displayed were 15 mF cm⁻², 17.5, 14.5 and 25 mF cm⁻² respectively. These outcome values suggest that the G/Cu/Ni composite is favorable for electrocatalytic application due to its huge surface area, narrow band gap, high electrical conductivity, and tunable nanosheet surface morphology, which improve the electrochemical properties, and the developed composite material is highly favorable for H₂ production in commercial industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 112431"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interfacial engineering in diamond/cu composites: from W-WC single-layer optimization to WCu dual-layer Interface for high-temperature thermal properties and stability","authors":"Jie Wang,&nbsp;Xin Wang,&nbsp;Jia Gu,&nbsp;Ruyun Ding,&nbsp;Siying Xu,&nbsp;Wei Chen,&nbsp;Hui Zheng,&nbsp;Xiaoxiao Guo,&nbsp;Peng Zheng,&nbsp;Liang Zheng,&nbsp;Yang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112408","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112408","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diamond/Cu composites are ideal materials for thermal management in high-power electronic devices. The use of W coating can enhance the interfacial bonding of the composites and improve the room temperature thermal performance. However, its high-temperature thermal performance cannot be guaranteed. This study constructs diamond/W-Cu/Cu dual-layer interface structures based on coated W to further optimize the high-temperature thermal performance of the composites. This work synthesized diamond/Cu composites with various interface structures by varying the sintering temperature and time. The results indicate that the W-WC composite interface has a higher thermal conductivity than the W-W₂C-WC interface structure, and a peak thermal conductivity of 660 W/(m·K) is achieved at an interface structure of 52 nm W-108 nm WC, corresponding to a thermal expansion coefficient of 5.2 ppm/K. A dual-layer interface structure was next constructed. While the results show that the dual-layer interface composites have better high-temperature thermal properties and bonding with the interface. The relative density of the composite was increased by nearly 2.8 % and its thermal conductivity was increased to 698 W/(m·K), while the high-temperature thermal conductivity degradation (at 200 °C) was reduced from 33.5 % to 29.5 %. Additionally, it achieves a 25 % reduction in high-temperature coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and improves thermal stability by 50 %. Its low thermal resistance and high thermal stability provide an innovative solution for the thermal management of high heat flow density electronics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 112408"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143927842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facile hydrothermal synthesis of rGO/CoSO4 composite as high-performance supercapacitor electrode: Effect of autoclave and non-autoclave","authors":"Nour Elhouda Arabi ,&nbsp;Yasmina Bencheikh ,&nbsp;Wafa Achour ,&nbsp;Abdennour Hebbaz ,&nbsp;Amar Manseri ,&nbsp;Khaled Derkaoui ,&nbsp;Toufik Hadjersi","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hybrid materials for electrode exhibit promising electrochemical performance in energy storage systems due to their excellent ion accessibility and high electrical conductivity. In this work, a novel rGO/CoSO₄-H₂O nanocomposite powder was synthesized via a simple one-pot hydrothermal process with and without autoclave at 90 °C for 24 h to investigate the influence of these synthesis conditions on their structural, morphological, and electrochemical properties. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM) studies revealed the presence of a hybrid structure that consists of polycrystalline CoSO₄-H₂O embedded on the rGO surface. The autoclaved sample exhibited a higher specific capacitance of 992.69 F/g at a current density of 2 A/g compared to the non-autoclaved one (654.92 F/g less at 2 A/g). However, both samples showed excellent stability (&gt;93 %) over 7500 charge-discharge cycles. The material synthesis strategy presented in this study is facile, rapid, and simple. The results show that the autoclaving enhances the capacitive performance of rGO/CoSO₄-H₂O composites by improving graphene oxide reduction and nanoparticle contact. It should be noted that the rGO/CoSO₄-H₂O composite prepared without autoclaving still shows excellent performance, outperforming those synthesized by other methods. Additionally, graphene can be reduced efficiently in a single hydrothermal step at low temperature without additives. The above results indicate that the hybrid rGO/CoSO₄-H₂O electrodes synthesized by this approach would be a promising candidate for practical application of high-performance SCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 112416"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143946964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling the large deformation behavior of CNTs via variational method","authors":"Reza Masoudi Nejad ,&nbsp;Massoud Mir ,&nbsp;Danial Ghahremani Moghadam ,&nbsp;Mohammadreza Gharebaghi","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112426","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112426","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, a structural mechanics approach is established based on molecular mechanics to investigate the behavior of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) under large tensile and compressive deformations for zigzag and armchair structures. By assuming a repeating simple cell in the CNT structure, which is called mechanical unit cell (MUC) and modeling the CNT as a truss, its mechanical properties such as Young's modulus and stress-strain curve can be obtained. The MUC is subjected to compressive and tensile loading in order to determine the deformation of the structure. The generalized Morse potential function is used to obtain the total strain energy of MUC based on the number of members in that cell. Employing the principle of minimum potential energy, the deformation of the MUC for the applied loading is calculated and then the stress-strain curve of the CNT is determined using the load and deformation values of the MUC. It was observed that the stress-strain diagram and Young's modulus of the nanotube are independent of CNT's length. The obtained stress-strain curves for CNTs are in good agreement with what has been reported in other research. The results show that in tension the armchair CNT has higher stiffness and mechanical strength than the zigzag CNT, and it is the opposite in compression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 112426"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143923415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced humidity-sensing performance with metallurgy-derived ZnO/GQDs nanocomposite","authors":"Dina M. Abdo ,&nbsp;Mahmoud Rasly ,&nbsp;Mohamed Morsy ,&nbsp;Ayat N. El-Shazly","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112425","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112425","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A cost effective relative humidity sensor based on ZnO/graphene oxide quantum dots (GQDs) was developed by the nanoarchitecturally-metallurgy techniques. Nanospherical-like structure of ZnO powders was prepared from Zn-rich Egyptian ore using the co-precipitation technique. Mono-dispersed graphene quantum dots (GQDs) were optimized by pyrolysis of citric acid. After forming the nanocomposite using a metallurgical pathway, the sensors were fabricated via a simple spin-coating technique. The sensors were tested across a broad humidity range (11 % to 97 % RH) at room temperature, with their sensing behavior evaluated at different frequencies to determine the optimal operating conditions. The humidity sensing characteristics of prepared materials, including sensitivity, stability, hysteresis, response/recovery times, and repeatability, were measured. The sensitivity of fabricated ZnO/GQDs sensors is 0.18 MΩ/RH, with faster response and recovery time than bare ZnO, enabling high robustness and sensing performance. These findings demonstrate an enhanced-sensing performance with ZnO/GQDs nanocomposite from cost-effective resources, providing a promising avenue for the development of on-chip humidity sensors with fast response, and repeatability over a wide range of humidity levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 112425"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143931927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-electrode study and asymmetric device fabrication of CuZrO3/rGO nanohybrid for high performance supercapacitor","authors":"Asghar Nazir ,&nbsp;Sundas Rani ,&nbsp;Muhammad Arif ,&nbsp;Syed Imran Abbas Shah ,&nbsp;Imen Safra ,&nbsp;Kiran Tahir ,&nbsp;Waheed Ahmad","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Scientists improve energy storage technologies to meet the increasing energy crisis caused by non-renewable resources. Supercapacitors (SCs), are revolutionary energy storage system that have extended lifetime and greater power density. Here, the hydrothermal approach was adopted to synthesize CuZrO₃/rGO nanohybrid electrode for SCsCuZrO₃/rGO was evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to calculate its shape, crystal structure, and functional groups. Numerous perovskites have been employed as SCs materials, but, due to their cycle stability, rGO was included to develop the electrochemical technique of perovskites. CuZrO₃/rGO displayed a specific capacitance (C_sp) of 1376.09 F <em>g</em>⁻¹ at 1 A g⁻¹. The CuZrO₃/rGO//AC asymmetric structure showed an ideal C_sp of 211.36 F g⁻¹ with an E_d of 1578.70 W h kg⁻¹ and C_d of 1 A g⁻¹. This work shows that the CuZrO₃/rGO nanocomposite's superb features and high stability and affordability create it suitable for next-era SCs applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 112427"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143946962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deposition of graphene incorporated diamond-like carbon coatings using pulsed-DC PECVD with an additional cathode for space applications","authors":"Funsho Olaitan Kolawole ,&nbsp;Elver Juan de Dios Mitma Pillaca ,&nbsp;Gislene Valdete Martins ,&nbsp;Shola Kolade Kolawole ,&nbsp;Evaldo José Corat ,&nbsp;Vladimir Jesus Trava-Airoldi","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112422","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112422","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, graphene dispersed in isopropyl alcohol was incorporated into diamond-like carbon (DLC) films deposited on a 316 L stainless steel substrate using a pulsed-DC PECVD system with an ion confinement device. Graphene was introduced into the reactor at various concentrations, from 0.01 to 1.0 mg/mL, via a pulsed valve connected internally through a glass tube. Raman spectroscopy was used to analyze graphene before and after sonication, while SEM was employed to examine surface morphology, particle size distribution, and graphene coverage. Mechanical and tribological properties were evaluated under both atmospheric and high vacuum conditions. Raman analysis indicated an increase in ID/IG ratio as graphene concentration increased. The coefficient of friction (COF) decreased with increasing graphene concentration, reaching a minimum of 0.082 in atmospheric conditions (0.5 mg/mL graphene) and 0.011 in high vacuum (0.75 mg/mL graphene). The wear rate followed a similar trend, decreasing up to 0.75 mg/mL but increasing at 1.0 mg/mL due to graphene agglomeration, which promoted crack formation and higher wear. The wear mechanism for the low COF under vacuum conditions is attributed to graphene forming transfer layers on the surface of the film. Overall, DLC-graphene films exhibited superior tribological performance in a high vacuum environment compared to atmospheric conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 112422"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143923410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}