Diamond and Related Materials最新文献

{"title":"Fracture toughness evaluation of nanocrystalline, bilayer, gradient and gradient-multilayer diamond films via nanoindentation","authors":"Yanming Liu ,&nbsp;Dingkun Li ,&nbsp;Haozhe Song ,&nbsp;Xiao Zhao ,&nbsp;Bo Pang ,&nbsp;Lusheng Liu ,&nbsp;Tianwen Hu ,&nbsp;Nan Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112238","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112238","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diamond films are widely used as tool coatings for machining hard materials, yet balancing hardness and fracture toughness remains challenging. Here, nanocrystalline (NCD), bilayered multilayer (2L-M), gradient (G), and gradient- multilayer (G-M) diamond films were deposited by hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD). Fracture toughness of these four diamond films was evaluated via nanoindentation following Anstis's equation. Results showed that 2L-M films had the lowest fracture toughness suffering from its sharp interfaces with high sp² phase content and stress concentrations, whereas G films obtained improved toughness through gradual grain size reduction. Notably, the fracture toughness of G-M film reached 9.62 MPa·m^1/2 with highest hardness of 71.8 GPa, even surpassing traditional NCD films. This enhancement was attributed to the novel gradient-multilayer architecture, which improved interfacial integrity, reduced residual stress at interfaces through moderate transitions, and suppressed crack propagation by combining gradually decreasing grain sizes in the MCD layer with multiple interfaces. The work demonstrates that gradient-multilayer designs effectively reconcile high hardness and fracture toughness in diamond films, offering a viable strategy for advanced tool-coating applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 112238"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143724524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nickel metal nanoparticles encapsulated by N-doped carbon nanotubes derived from g-C3N4 for efficient electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction","authors":"Yundong Qian,&nbsp;Tengda Lu,&nbsp;Ke Liu,&nbsp;Guangkai Lu,&nbsp;Jie Xiao,&nbsp;Xiaoyuan Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112220","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112220","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalyst plays an important role in various renewable energy applications and energy conversion and storage fields. The design and synthesis of ORR catalysts with high activity, great stability, and low cost is a harsh challenge. Transition metal catalysts are deemed to be one of the promising alternatives to traditional Pt-based catalysts for oxygen reduction reactions. In this study, a nickel metal nanoparticle encapsulated by nitrogen-doped carbon tube composites (Ni/N-C-t) are fabricated by regulating the calcining temperature and using g-C₃N₄ as precursor in the presence of nickel nitrate. The Ni/N-C-800 catalyst which is calcined at 800 °C exhibits the largest specific surface area (152.1 m²·g⁻¹), abundant defects, mesoporous structures and more active reaction sites, demonstrating excellent ORR performance (half-wave potential of 0.80 V) and good stability (current retention rate of 64 % after 66 h longevity test). The attributes of high content of Ni-N_x, graphitic nitrogen, and pyridine nitrogen and largest specific surface area endow the catalyst of Ni/N-C-800 affluent reaction active sites and outstanding conductivity, thus boosting the ORR electrocatalytic performance. This study demonstrates a useful inspiration for the preparation of advanced oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalysts with g-C₃N₄ derivatives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 112220"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143724523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of nano additives modified by functionalized groups on the physical and mechanical properties of alumina‑carbon-based refractories","authors":"Mozhdeh Malekpour Jarghouyeh ,&nbsp;AmirAbbas Nourbakhsh ,&nbsp;Seyed Nezamoddin Mirsattari ,&nbsp;Alireza Nezamzadeh-Ejhieh ,&nbsp;Kenneth J.D. MacKenzie","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112234","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112234","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alumina‑carbon-based refractories are widely used in the steelmaking industry due to their exceptional physical and mechanical properties. However, their primary drawback is poor mechanical strength, particularly at elevated temperatures. This study addresses this limitation by incorporating and comparing nano-alumina and its composite with functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) additives, which were dispersed in phenolic resin used as a binder. To enhance the dispersion of nano-additives within the alumina‑carbon matrix, the particles were functionalized with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) groups. The modified additives were integrated into the matrix and mixed with coarse- and medium-sized alumina‑carbon particles, as determined by the modified Andriazen equation. The samples were uniaxially pressed at 150 MPa, tempered at 200 °C for 6 h, and sintered at 1450 °C for 2 h in a reducing coke-bed atmosphere. The physical and mechanical properties, including apparent density, apparent porosity, cold crushing strength (CCS), and hot modulus of rupture (HMOR), were evaluated according to DIN standards. Additionally, Weibull modulus analysis was conducted to assess material reliability and structural integrity. The results indicate that the reference sample (without nano-additives) exhibited the lowest CCS (110 MPa) and HMOR (8 MPa), whereas the sample containing 1 wt% of the alumina-MWCNT nanocomposite achieved the highest CCS (156 MPa) and HMOR (12 MPa). Weibull modulus analysis confirmed improved reliability, with reduced variability in mechanical performance.</div><div>Microstructural and phase analyses using SEM, TEM, FT-IR, and XRD revealed that the enhancement in mechanical properties was attributed not only to the increased formation of SiC via a vapor-solid mechanism but also to a morphological transformation from cubic to hexagonal SiC induced by silanization. Moreover, the presence of MWCNTs played a crucial role as templates for the hexagonal SiC phase. TEM analysis further demonstrated that MWCNTs acted as nucleation sites for SiC formation within the refractory matrix. These findings highlight the significant role of silane-functionalized nano-additives in improving dispersion, mechanical strength, and high-temperature stability in alumina‑carbon refractories, paving the way for enhanced industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 112234"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143746257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling and optimization of flash heating process conditions for activated carbon production using Response Surface Methodology (RSM)","authors":"Murat Kılıç,&nbsp;M. Emir Bekman,&nbsp;Fatih Bodur,&nbsp;Ağah Yıldız,&nbsp;Esin Apaydin Varol","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Activated carbon, a versatile material with wide-ranging applications, faces challenges in traditional production methods, particularly in slow heating processes. This study addresses these challenges by proposing an alternative approach—flash heating. Building upon insights from prior studies, this study shifts the focus towards modeling and optimizing flash heating conditions using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on central composite rotatable design (CCRD) to establish an in-depth understanding of key variables, aiming to improve production efficiency and activated carbon characteristics. A full 2³ factorial design was used to investigate the effects of activation temperature, activation time, and impregnation ratio on flash heated activated carbon production. Under optimum conditions maximum surface area of activated carbon was determined as 1278.2 m²/g at 850 °C final activation temperature applying 10 min activation time using 2:1 KOH: biomass wt/wt impregnation ratio. The difference between the experimental and predicted values at the optimum conditions showed that the model was effective for studying the influence of the process parameters on the chemically activated carbon production. The proposed methodology has the potential to revolutionize activated carbon production, offering a more sustainable, cost-effective, and industrially feasible solution with broader applications in environmental remediation and industrial processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 112239"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of NiCl2-enhanced carbon electrodes from oil palm fronds (Elaeis Guinness Jacq) for high-performance supercapacitor","authors":"Rakhmawati Farma ,&nbsp;Siti Nur Manfaah ,&nbsp;Irma Apriyani ,&nbsp;Nidya Chitraningrum ,&nbsp;Luqyana Adha Azwat ,&nbsp;Anees Ameera Binti Fauzi ,&nbsp;Ahmad Fudholi","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The performance of supercapacitors can be enhanced by adding catalysts that improve graphitization and electrical conductivity. This study uses NiCl₂ as a catalyst in carbon electrodes from oil palm fronds (OPF) to evaluate its effect on supercapacitor performance. The OPF was converted into activated carbon through pre‑carbonization, chemical activation with KOH, and physical activation with CO₂. NiCl₂ catalysts at 0.1 M and 0.2 M concentrations were added during the chemical activation, enhancing nanofibril formation. OPF-01 achieved the best graphitization with a specific surface area of 688.80 m²g⁻¹. The OPF-01 demonstrated the highest specific capacitance at 359 Fg⁻¹ and maintained strong performance at a 10 mVs⁻¹ scan rate (221 Fg⁻¹), outperforming OPF and OPF-02 electrodes. However, at a NiCl₂ concentration of 0.2 M, OPF-02 faced aggregation issues, causing pore blockage and reduced electrochemical performance. These results suggest that NiCl₂ is an effective catalyst for enhancing carbon-based electrodes in supercapacitors, with optimal performance at a 0.1 M concentration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 112232"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An effective strategy for enhancing 2D graphene-like thermoelectric performance: Hydrogenation distortion","authors":"Yi Lu ,&nbsp;Hanqing Li ,&nbsp;Ju Rong ,&nbsp;Xiaohua Yu ,&nbsp;Yudong Sui ,&nbsp;Zhaohua Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112209","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Identifying the electronic origins of superior thermoelectric properties is crucial for designing and controlling new thermoelectric materials. In this work, we combined DFT calculations with Boltzmann's semiclassical transport theory to elucidate the general rules governing the thermal and electrical transport properties of hydrogenated graphene-like materials (2H-Graphenylene). Our results demonstrate that 2H-Graphenylene achieves a peak thermoelectric merit value of up to 1.66, surpassing most reported two-dimensional graphene-like materials. This superior performance is attributed to hydrogen atoms, which slow down phonon group velocity, reduce phonon relaxation time, and enhance the Grüneisen parameter. Simultaneously, hydrogenation transforms graphenylene into a topological material with nodal semimetals, increases its energy level degeneracy, and further reduces phonon propagation speed. This study presents novel strategies and foundations for regulating the thermoelectric properties of two-dimensional graphene-like materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 112209"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metamaterial terahertz absorbing device based on a hybrid structure of Dirac semimetal and graphene","authors":"Wanhai Liu ,&nbsp;Chaojun Tang ,&nbsp;Ruyuan Zheng ,&nbsp;Yougen Yi","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112230","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112230","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper proposes a highly absorptive absorber based on BDS, which achieves tri-band perfect absorption through enhanced absorption utilizing graphene. This device introduces a novel architecture that utilizes BDS material as a foundation, through graphene layers further enhancing absorption, offering fresh research avenues within this field. The device exhibits perfect absorption at frequencies of f = 1.64 THz, f = 5.1 THz, and f = 9.7 THz, virtually covering the entire terahertz band. The accuracy of the device structure was verified through structural combination. As the dielectric constants of these materials vary with chemical doping or gate voltage, simulation results indicate that the absorbance bandwidth can be independently or jointly controlled by altering the Fermi energy of graphene or Dirac semimetal patterns. Through analysis of the electric field maps and examination of both the BDS layer and graphene layer, the high absorption of the absorber originates from localized surface plasmon resonances and their coupling between the BDS layer and graphene layer. Moreover, by adjusting the structural parameters and background refractive index, this device exhibits excellent performance in both manufacturing tolerance and anti-interference capability, further broadening its application range. In summary, this device has potential applications in fields such as detection, sensing, and optoelectronic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 112230"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Al/(S:DLC)/p-Si/Au (MIS) structure-based temperature sensors for moderate and high temperatures at enough high frequencies (0.1, 0.5, and 1 MHz)","authors":"Esra Balcı ,&nbsp;Aylar Feizollahi Vahid ,&nbsp;Şemsettin Altındal","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112229","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112229","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this present study, Al/p-Si/Au (MS) structure with Sulphur-doped diamond-like carbon (S:DLC) were fabricated. In order to obtain more information on the electrical parameters and formation natural barrier height (BH) of them, the impedance-voltage-temperature (C/G<img>V<img>T) measurements were performed both in wide temperature range of 200–440 K and voltage range of -5 V/+8 V for three different-frequencies (0.1, 0.5, 1 MHz). The C/G-V curves show an anomalous peak especially at moderate and high temperatures. While the peak value inclines with inclining temperature, its position shift towards to negative-voltages due to the rearrangement of the interface-states (N_ss) under influence of temperature and electric-field. Some important electrical-parameters like density of N_A, Fermi-level (E_F), ΒΗ, and thickness of depletion-region (W_D) were obtained from the intercept and slope of the C⁻² vs V curve as function of temperature. The voltage dependent distribution of N_ss was extracted from the Hill-Coleman and low-high temperature models. The ln(σ) vs q/kT plot shows to two different linear regions, indicating two-different transmission mechanisms both at lower and higher temperatures. The temperature sensitivity coefficient was also extracted from V vs T plots at 0.7 nF as 29 mV/K at 0.5 MHz and this value shows us that the prepared structures can also be used as temperature sensors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 112229"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differentiation of diamond surface damage affecting heteroepitaxial growth of cBN on diamond film by shift of XPS C 1s peak","authors":"Y.-H. Choi ,&nbsp;J.-Y. Huh ,&nbsp;J.-K. Park ,&nbsp;W.-S. Lee ,&nbsp;Y.-J. Baik","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effect of ion-induced damage on diamond surface was investigated during the deposition of a heteroepitaxial cubic boron nitride (cBN) film on a diamond substrate. A microcrystalline diamond thin film deposited on a single crystal Si wafer through hot-filament chemical vapor deposition was utilized as the substrate. Boron nitride (BN) films were deposited via unbalanced magnetron sputtering using a B₄C target. The damage level of the diamond surface during BN deposition was analyzed based on changes in the <em>C</em>1 s spectrum via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements. Additionally, the cBN fraction in the early stages of BN deposition was estimated from XPS and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy results. Results showed that increasing the exposure time of ion bombardment progressively disrupted the bonding between surface diamond atoms, thus resulting in severe bonding loss at the surface atomic level and the formation of independent phases. The deposition conditions that maintain the coherence between cBN and diamond are achievable within the low-energy range required for the formation of the cBN phase. These conditions can be determined based on variations in the XPS <em>C</em>1 s peak. Results of transmission electron microscopy show that the cBN film exhibited a partially epitaxial relationship with the diamond substrate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 112228"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of sustainable composite PCMs using bio-derived activated carbon hybrid matrices for enhanced thermal energy storage efficiency","authors":"Gökhan Hekimoğlu","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112224","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112224","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The enhancement of heat storage and conversion efficiency in phase change materials (PCMs) often involves incorporating supporting materials to address the main obstacles, such as leakage issues and low heat transfer rates, associated with PCMs. However, as these supporting materials come from various sources and synthesis methods, there is a growing emphasis on developing renewable and sustainable PCM composites. This study introduces a novel approach by designing cost-effective and eco-friendly AC-hybrids using apricot kernel shell-derived activated carbon (AKAC) and carbon nanofibers (CF). The innovative combination of AKAC and CF effectively enhances both thermal conductivity and shape stability, offering a sustainable solution to overcome the inherent limitations of PCMs. AKAC-CF hybrids with 3 and 5 wt% CF ratios exhibited n-eicosane (n-Eic) PCM adsorption rates of 78 % and 80 wt%, respectively, surpassing the 75 % loading rate achieved by pristine AKAC alone. The resulting AKAC-CF-n-Eic composite, loaded with 80 % n-Eic, displayed a melting point of 34.40 °C and an enthalpy of 189.20 J/g. Remarkably, the thermal conductivity of composite PCMs supported by AKAC-CF hybrids exhibited significant enhancement compared to that of AKAC/n-Eic. This improvement in thermal conductivity was further validated through infrared thermal imaging tests. Overall, the advancement of AKAC-CF hybrids as supporter matrices and enhancers of thermal conductivity for n-Eic holds immense potential across a wide range of thermal management applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 112224"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}