Proceedings of the 19th ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents最新文献_第4页

Being Touched by a Virtual Human.: Relationships Between Heart Rate, Gender, Social Status, and Compliance. 被虚拟人触摸。心率、性别、社会地位与依从性的关系。

Proceedings of the 19th ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.1145/3308532.3329467

Justyna Świdrak, G. Pochwatko

{"title":"Being Touched by a Virtual Human.: Relationships Between Heart Rate, Gender, Social Status, and Compliance.","authors":"Justyna Świdrak, G. Pochwatko","doi":"10.1145/3308532.3329467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3308532.3329467","url":null,"abstract":"Interpersonal touch remains one of the most puzzling and challenging aspects of communication in virtual reality. A brief touch can be used to influence one's behavior. Our study aimed to analyze the influence of an agent's touch on men's compliance and its psychophysiological correlates. Additionally, we asked whether social cues such as aspect, stereotypically related to masculinity/femininity and social status, modify that effectiveness. To answer these questions, we built an immersive version of the classic decision-making game Ultimatum in which a proposer offers how to split 10 coins and a responder decides whether to accept it or not. In our experiment, we used the game to observe whether men are more compliant to the agent if the offer was preceded by a touch, compared to two control conditions: no stimulus and a buzz. In two experiments, male participants played with four agents each, differing in gender and levels of stereotypically seen masculinity (study 1) and social status (study 2). Before the proposer made an offer, he/she could take additional action, namely, to send a sound (short buzz) or touch the participant. The key factor in securing compliance was the value of the offer made by the agent - the more generous the offer, the higher the chances for its acceptance. Surprisingly, even though the manipulation of the agent's characteristics was successful in both studies, neither touch nor the agent's gender influenced compliance in men. Additionally, the perceived level of the agent's social status slightly increased the chances of the offer being accepted. We registered a heart-rate deceleration in study 1 as a reaction to the agent's touch, which nevertheless did not affect participant's economic decisions. The results are discussed in the context of social characteristics important in agent design and the effectiveness of social influence techniques in virtual reality.","PeriodicalId":112642,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 19th ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents","volume":"135 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114091873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

What are We Measuring Anyway?: - A Literature Survey of Questionnaires Used in Studies Reported in the Intelligent Virtual Agent Conferences 我们到底在衡量什么?-智能虚拟代理会议报告中使用问卷调查的文献调查

Proceedings of the 19th ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.1145/3308532.3329421

S. Fitrianie, Merijn Bruijnes, Deborah Richards, Amal Abdulrahman, Willem-Paul Brinkman

{"title":"What are We Measuring Anyway?: - A Literature Survey of Questionnaires Used in Studies Reported in the Intelligent Virtual Agent Conferences","authors":"S. Fitrianie, Merijn Bruijnes, Deborah Richards, Amal Abdulrahman, Willem-Paul Brinkman","doi":"10.1145/3308532.3329421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3308532.3329421","url":null,"abstract":"Research into artificial social agents aims at constructing these agents and at establishing an empirically grounded understanding of them, their interaction with humans, and how they can ultimately deliver certain outcomes in areas such as health, entertainment, and education. Key for establishing such understanding is the community's ability to describe and replicate their observations on how users perceive and interact with their agents. In this paper, we address this ability by examining questionnaires and their constructs used in empirical studies reported in the intelligent virtual agent conference proceedings from 2013 to 2018. The literature survey shows the identification of 189 constructs used in 89 questionnaires that were reported across 81 papers. We found unexpectedly little repeated use of questionnaires as the vast majority of questionnaires (more than 76%) were only reported in a single paper. We expect that this finding will motivate joint effort by the IVA community towards creating a unified measurement instrument.","PeriodicalId":112642,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 19th ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents","volume":"142 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131794370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19

Take One For the Team: The Effects of Error Severity in Collaborative Tasks with Social Robots 为团队做一件事:错误严重程度对社交机器人协作任务的影响

Proceedings of the 19th ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.1145/3308532.3329475

S. V. Waveren, E. Carter, Iolanda Leite

{"title":"Take One For the Team: The Effects of Error Severity in Collaborative Tasks with Social Robots","authors":"S. V. Waveren, E. Carter, Iolanda Leite","doi":"10.1145/3308532.3329475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3308532.3329475","url":null,"abstract":"We explore the effects of robot failure severity (no failure vs. low-impact vs. high-impact) on people's subjective ratings of the robot. We designed an escape room scenario in which one participant teams up with a remotely-controlled Pepper robot. We manipulated the robot's performance at the end of the game: the robot would either correctly follow the participant's instructions (control condition), the robot would fail but people could still complete the task of escaping the room (low-impact condition), or the robot's failure would cause the game to be lost (high-impact condition). Results showed no difference across conditions for people's ratings of the robot in terms of warmth, competence, and discomfort. However, people in the low-impact condition had significantly less faith in the robot's robustness in future escape room scenarios. Open-ended questions revealed interesting trends that are worth pursuing in the future: people may view task performance as a team effort and may blame their team or themselves more for the robot failure in case of a high-impact failure as compared to the low-impact failure.","PeriodicalId":112642,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 19th ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132730900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19

Virtual Human Questionnaire for Analysis of Depression, Anxiety and Personality 抑郁、焦虑和人格分析的虚拟人问卷

Proceedings of the 19th ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.1145/3308532.3329469

S. Jaiswal, M. Valstar, Keerthy Kusumam, C. Greenhalgh

{"title":"Virtual Human Questionnaire for Analysis of Depression, Anxiety and Personality","authors":"S. Jaiswal, M. Valstar, Keerthy Kusumam, C. Greenhalgh","doi":"10.1145/3308532.3329469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3308532.3329469","url":null,"abstract":"Self-report questionnaires like PHQ-9 and GAD-7 are often used in the field of psychology to detect mental health problems and measure their severity. Their validity has been well established by a number of previous studies. However, most previous studies have used self-administration method to study their validity. In the context of automating the administering of questionnaires as a part of an interaction scenario led by a virtual human, we investigate if the virtual human administration of these questionnaires can be considered equivalent to the self-administration of these questionnaires (through an electronic form). Additionally, we also examine the equivalence when the virtual human is replaced by a real human. The interaction with real human is studied in two different modes: face-to-face and through a video-conferencing link. Statistical analysis of the scores obtained from our user study (consisting of 55 participants) revealed that human/virtual-human administered questionnaires can be considered practically equivalent to self administered ones. In most cases, the differences in the scores from self-administered questionnaires and human/virtual-human administered questionnaires, were found to be smaller than any effect size which could be considered practically significant.","PeriodicalId":112642,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 19th ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122961694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

Generating Facial Expression Data: Computational and Experimental Evidence 生成面部表情数据:计算和实验证据

Proceedings of the 19th ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.1145/3308532.3329443

Julija Vaitonyte, P. A. Blomsma, M. Alimardani, M. Louwerse

{"title":"Generating Facial Expression Data: Computational and Experimental Evidence","authors":"Julija Vaitonyte, P. A. Blomsma, M. Alimardani, M. Louwerse","doi":"10.1145/3308532.3329443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3308532.3329443","url":null,"abstract":"It is crucial that naturally-looking Embodied Conversational Agents (ECAs) display various verbal and non-verbal behaviors, including facial expressions. The generation of credible facial expressions has been approached by means of different methods, yet remains difficult because of the availability of naturalistic data. To infuse more variability into the facial expressions of ECAs, we proposed a model that considered temporal dynamic of facial behaviors as a countable-state Markov process. Once trained, the model was able to output new sequences of facial expressions from an existing dataset containing facial videos with Action Unit (AU) encodings. The approach was validated by having computer software and humans identify facial emotion from video. Half of the videos employed newly generated sequences of facial expressions using the model while the other half contained sequences selected directly from the original dataset. We found no statistically significant evidence that the newly generated facial expression sequences could be differentiated from the original ones, demonstrating that the model was able to generate new facial expression data that were indistinguishable from the original data. Our proposed approach could be used to expand the amount of labelled facial expression data in order to create new training sets for machine learning methods.","PeriodicalId":112642,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 19th ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115953176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Evaluating the Effect of Clothing and Environment on the perceived Personality of Virtual Avatars 评估服装和环境对虚拟角色感知个性的影响

Proceedings of the 19th ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.1145/3308532.3329425

K. Legde, D. Cunningham

{"title":"Evaluating the Effect of Clothing and Environment on the perceived Personality of Virtual Avatars","authors":"K. Legde, D. Cunningham","doi":"10.1145/3308532.3329425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3308532.3329425","url":null,"abstract":"Virtual avatars gain more and more importance in our everyday lives, especially in the field of human machine interaction and affective interfaces. The avatar can be used as a virtual surrogate to answer questions in online costumer support applications, they can virtually tutor students in e-learning scenarios, or they can mimic a real person's behavior in specific situations for training purposes in for example medical consulting sessions or accidents. It is easy to imagine that, just as with real people, appropriate clothing style and environment might be very important to sustain the intended reality and maintain reliability, believability, and seriousness of the virtual avatar. As clothing style is known to convey personal attributes of another person like sociability, orderliness, or openness it is highly recommended to carefully adjust the avatar's clothes to its usage, purpose, and intended goal. It is also known that environment influences how we feel; we can feel relaxed in calm and quite surroundings (like at home or in the nature) or stressed in loud and noisy settings (like a train station or an airport). While designing a human-machine-interface the environment can also have an effect on our own feelings and thereby influence how we perceive a virtual avatar. This paper would like to investigate the role of clothing and environment on the perception of a virtual character. With the help of two experiments a virtual character's perceived personality is measured using personality traits based on the OCEAN dimensions in several different clothing styles and different environments.","PeriodicalId":112642,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 19th ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131391023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

SoCueVR

Proceedings of the 19th ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.1145/3308532.3329440

Ari Thordarson, H. Vilhjálmsson

引用次数: 7

Work in Progress Report: Virtual Courtroom to Prepare Victims of Sex Crimes for Court Proceedings 正在进行的工作报告:虚拟法庭使性犯罪受害者为法庭诉讼做好准备

Proceedings of the 19th ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.1145/3308532.3329422

Helga Margrét Ólafsdóttir, Edit Ómarsdóttir, Hafdís Sæland, H. Vilhjálmsson

{"title":"Work in Progress Report: Virtual Courtroom to Prepare Victims of Sex Crimes for Court Proceedings","authors":"Helga Margrét Ólafsdóttir, Edit Ómarsdóttir, Hafdís Sæland, H. Vilhjálmsson","doi":"10.1145/3308532.3329422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3308532.3329422","url":null,"abstract":"Sex crimes and aggravated assaults are some of the most difficult cases to be tried in court, especially for the victims that need to take the witness stand in the presence of the accused, the judge and other participants of the proceedings. Victims are already strained by the nature of their situation, and the additional burden of needing to face their alleged perpetrator again under unfamiliar circumstances and become the focus of everyone's attention, can become overwhelming and cause severe anxiety. Today, courtrooms are sketched on paper to prepare the victims, e.g. by showing them a seating arrangement, but the effectiveness of this method has been questioned. Therefore, an ongoing pilot project, in close collaboration with the police, the court system and psychologists working with young victims of sexual assault, is exploring the use of an interactive court proceedings simulation in VR. The simulation involves a recreation of the exact location of the planned proceedings, as well as some of the social factors, using virtual humans. This extended abstract describes work in progress, focusing on the motivation for doing this, why this might be an effective approach, and a working prototype.","PeriodicalId":112642,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 19th ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115386170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Guiding the Behavior Design of Virtual Assistants 指导虚拟助手的行为设计

Proceedings of the 19th ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.1145/3308532.3329436

Mahdi Azmandian, J. Arroyo-Palacios, Steven Osman

引用次数: 6

Impact of Virtual Environment Design on the Assessment of Virtual Agents 虚拟环境设计对虚拟代理评估的影响

Proceedings of the 19th ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.1145/3308532.3329455

T. Schneeberger, Anke Hirsch, Cornelius J. König, Patrick Gebhard

引用次数: 0