Developmental Dynamics最新文献

{"title":"Modulation of mechanosensitive genes during embryonic aortic arch development.","authors":"Hummaira Banu Siddiqui, Tansu Golcez, Merve Çelik, Börteçine Sevgin, Mervenur Çoban, İlke Süder, Özen Kaya, Nesrin Özören, Kerem Pekkan","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.728","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early embryonic aortic arches (AA) are a dynamic vascular structures that are in the process of shaping into the great arteries of cardiovascular system. Previously, a time-lapsed mechanosensitive gene expression map was established for AA subject to altered mechanical loads in the avian embryo. To validate this map, we investigated effects on vascular microstructure and material properties following the perturbation of key genes using an in-house microvascular gene knockdown system.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All siRNA vectors show a decrease in the expression intensity of desired genes with no significant differences between vectors. In TGFβ3 knockdowns, we found a reduction in expression intensities of TGFβ3 (≤76%) and its downstream targets such as ELN (≤99.6%), Fbn1 (≤60%), COL1 (≤52%) and COL3 (≤86%) and an increase of diameter in the left AA (23%). MMP2 knockdown also reduced expression levels in MMP2 (≤30%) and a 6-fold increase in its downstream target COL3 with a decrease in stiffness of the AA wall and an increase in the diameter of the AA (55%). These in vivo measurements were confirmed using immunohistochemistry, western blotting and a computational growth model of the vascular extracellular matrix (ECM).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Localized spatial genetic modification of the aortic arch region governs the vascular phenotype and ECM composition of the embryo and can be integrated with mechanically-induced congenital heart disease models.</p>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141888761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial highlights","authors":"Paul A. Trainor","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.730","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dvdy.730","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Every organism is a model organism for understanding development, evolution, disease, and regeneration, and we have only begun to scratch the surface of the interdisciplinary genetic, molecular, cellular, and developmental mechanisms that regulate these biological processes. These “Highlights” denote exciting advances recently reported in &lt;i&gt;Developmental Dynamics&lt;/i&gt; that illustrate the complex dynamics of developmental biology.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Organogenesis—Lung Biology&lt;/b&gt; “Evolving topological order in the postnatal visceral pleura” by Betty Liu, Ali Ali, Stacey Kwan, Jennifer Pan, Willi Wagner, Hassan Khalil, Zi Chen, Maximilian Ackermann, and Steven Mentzer; &lt;i&gt;Dev Dyn&lt;/i&gt; 253:8, pp. 711–721. https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.688. The surface of a visceral organ is lined by layers of epithelial cells that provide a selective barrier to the surrounding environment. Within these layers, epithelial cells exhibit complex shapes characterized by the number of sides adjoining neighboring cells, and polygonal shapes are associated with optimal cell packing and minimal free surface energy. Proper development of the lung requires rapid growth during the postnatal period with physical interactions between the visceral pleura and subjacent alveoli, which are exposed to both static and dynamic forces that influence cell shape and orientation. In this study, the authors investigated postnatal lung development discovering a high degree of network heterogeneity in which a small number of highly connected nodes, or hubs, play crucial roles in maintaining the network's structural integrity. Furthermore, this facilitated efficient information flow during the challenges of rapid lung growth. Taken together, changes in epithelial cell shape reflect optimal cell packing and the minimization of surface free energy, but also cell–cell interactions, cell proliferation, and cytoskeletal rearrangements, each of which is critical for normal lung development.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Organogenesis—Cochlea Development&lt;/b&gt; “Localization of cadherins in the postnatal cochlear epithelium and their relation to space formation” by Holly Beaulac and Vidhya Munnamalai; &lt;i&gt;Dev Dyn&lt;/i&gt; 253:8, pp. 771–780. https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.692. The cochlea is a fluid-filled spiral cavity within the inner ear, that contains the organ of Corti. Comprised of three rows of outer hair cells and one row of inner hair cells in humans, the organ of Corti produces nerve impulses in response to sound vibrations. The organ of Corti has therefore been called the “temple of hearing” in the inner ear. The sensory epithelium in the organ of Corti consists of mechanosensory hair cells intercalated by epithelial support cells. The support cells are stiff yet compliant enough to withstand and modulate vibrations to the hair cells, and the cell adhesion properties of adjoining cell membranes between cells are flexible to allow the formation of fluid-filled spaces within the cochlea. This study investigated the role of cadherin","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"253 8","pages":"710"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dvdy.730","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141859331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcription factor Meis1b regulates craniofacial morphogenesis in zebrafish.","authors":"Viktorie Psutkova, Petr Nickl, Veronika Brezinova, Olga Machonova, Ondrej Machon","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.731","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Meis family of transcription factors operates in Pbx-Meis-Hox regulatory network controlling development of various tissues including eye, limbs, heart, hindbrain or craniofacial skeletal elements originating from the neural crest. Although studies in mouse provide abundant information about Meis factors function in embryogenesis, little is known about their role in zebrafish.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We generated zebrafish lines carrying null mutations in meis1a, meis1b, meis2a, and meis2b genes. Only meis1b mutants are lethal at larval stage around 13 dpf whereas the other mutant lines are viable and fertile. We focused on development of neural crest-derived craniofacial structures such as tendons, cranial nerves, cartilage and accompanying muscles. Meis1b mutants displayed morphogenetic abnormalities in the cartilage originating from the first and second pharyngeal arches. Meckel's cartilage was shorter and wider with fused anterior symphysis and abnormal chondrocyte organization. This resulted in impaired tendons and muscle fiber connections while tenocyte development was not largely affected.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Loss-of-function mutation in meis1b affects cartilage morphology in the lower jaw that leads to disrupted organization of muscles and tendons.</p>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141859330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disruption of the creb3l1 gene causes defects in caudal fin regeneration and patterning in zebrafish Danio rerio","authors":"Peyton E. VanWinkle,&nbsp;Eunjoo Lee,&nbsp;Bridge Wynn,&nbsp;Tomasz J. Nawara,&nbsp;Holly Thomas,&nbsp;John Parant,&nbsp;Cecilia Alvarez,&nbsp;Rosa Serra,&nbsp;Elizabeth Sztul","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.726","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dvdy.726","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The gene cAMP-Responsive Element Binding protein 3-like-1 (<i>CREB3L1</i>) has been implicated in bone development in mice, with <i>CREB3L1</i> knock-out mice exhibiting fragile bones, and in humans, with <i>CREB3L1</i> mutations linked to osteogenesis imperfecta. However, the mechanism through which Creb3l1 regulates bone development is not fully understood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To probe the role of Creb3l1 in organismal physiology, we used CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing to generate a <i>Danio rerio</i> (zebrafish) model of Creb3l1 deficiency. In contrast to mammalian phenotypes, the Creb3l1 deficient fish do not display abnormalities in osteogenesis, except for a decrease in the bifurcation pattern of caudal fin. Both, skeletal morphology and overall bone density appear normal in the mutant fish. However, the regeneration of caudal fin postamputation is significantly affected, with decreased overall regenerate and mineralized bone area. Moreover, the mutant fish exhibit a severe patterning defect during regeneration, with a significant decrease in bifurcation complexity of the fin rays and distalization of the bifurcation sites. Analysis of genes implicated in bone development showed aberrant patterning of <i>shha</i> and <i>ptch2</i> in Creb3l1 deficient fish, linking Creb3l1 with Sonic Hedgehog signaling during fin regeneration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results uncover a novel role for Creb3l1 in regulating tissue growth and patterning during regeneration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"253 12","pages":"1106-1129"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dvdy.726","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141603429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BMP4 regulates asymmetric Pkd2 distribution in mouse nodal immotile cilia and ciliary mechanosensing required for left-right determination.","authors":"Takanobu A Katoh, Tim Lange, Yoshiro Nakajima, Kenta Yashiro, Yasushi Okada, Hiroshi Hamada","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.727","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mouse nodal immotile cilia mechanically sense the bending direction for left-right (L-R) determination and activate the left-side-specific signaling cascade, leading to increased Nodal activity. Asymmetric distribution of Pkd2, a crucial channel for L-R determination, on immotile cilia has been reported recently. However, the causal relationship between the asymmetric Pkd2 distribution and direction-dependent flow sensing is not well understood. Furthermore, the underlying molecular mechanism directing this asymmetric Pkd2 distribution remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The effects of several recombinant proteins and inhibitors on the Pkd2 distribution were analyzed using super-resolution microscopy. Notably, bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) affected the Pkd2 distribution. Additionally, three-dimensional manipulation of nodal immotile cilia using optical tweezers revealed that excess BMP4 caused defects in the mechanosensing ability of the cilia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Experimental data together with model calculations suggest that BMP4 regulates the asymmetric distribution of Pkd2 in nodal immotile cilia, thereby affecting the ability of these cilia to sense the bending direction for L-R determination. This study, for the first time, provides insight into the relationship between the asymmetric protein distribution in cilia and their function.</p>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141562848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Actin cytoskeletal regulation of ciliogenesis in development and disease","authors":"Brittany M. Hufft-Martinez,&nbsp;Henry H. Wang,&nbsp;Irfan Saadi,&nbsp;Pamela V. Tran","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.724","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dvdy.724","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Primary cilia are antenna-like sensory organelles that are evolutionarily conserved in nearly all modern eukaryotes, from the single-celled green alga, <i>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</i>, to vertebrates and mammals. Cilia are microtubule-based cellular projections that have adapted to perform a broad range of species-specific functions, from cell motility to detection of light and the transduction of extracellular mechanical and chemical signals. These functions render cilia essential for organismal development and survival. The high conservation of cilia has allowed for discoveries in <i>C. reinhardtii</i> to inform our understanding of the basic biology of mammalian primary cilia, and to provide insight into the genetic etiology of ciliopathies. Over the last two decades, a growing number of studies has revealed that multiple aspects of ciliary homeostasis are regulated by the actin cytoskeleton, including centrosome migration and positioning, vesicle transport to the basal body, ectocytosis, and ciliary-mediated signaling. Here, we review actin regulation of ciliary homeostasis, and highlight conserved and divergent mechanisms in <i>C. reinhardtii</i> and mammalian cells. Further, we compare the disease manifestations of patients with ciliopathies to those with mutations in actin and actin-associated genes, and propose that primary cilia defects caused by genetic alteration of the actin cytoskeleton may underlie certain birth defects.</p>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"253 12","pages":"1076-1093"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dvdy.724","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141491267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial highlights","authors":"Paul A. Trainor","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.725","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dvdy.725","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Every organism is a model organism for understanding development, evolution, disease, and regeneration, and we have only begun to scratch the surface of the interdisciplinary genetic, molecular, cellular, and developmental mechanisms that regulate these biological processes. These “Highlights” denote exciting advances recently reported in &lt;i&gt;Developmental Dynamics&lt;/i&gt; that illustrate the complex dynamics of developmental biology.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Skin Development&lt;/b&gt; “Denticleless E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (DTL) maintains the proliferation and differentiation of epidermis and hair follicles during skin development by Yanhui Lin, Weibo Tang, Peijun Huang, Zhendong Wang, Lian Duan, Chonghui Jia, Ruizhen Sun, Li Liu and Jingling Shen; &lt;i&gt;DevDyn&lt;/i&gt; 253:7, pp. 635-647. https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.682. The skin acts as a protective barrier between an organism and its environment. A precise balance between the proliferation and differentiation of epidermal progenitors during embryogenesis is required to form and then maintain the skin and its barrier function, and this process is tightly controlled via cell cycle progression. DTL, is a substrate receptor of CUL4-DDB1 ubiquitin ligase, is involved in cell cycle progression through the degradation of cell cycle-related proteins. However, the essential role of DTL in the differentiation and proliferation of epidermal progenitor cells remains incompletely understood. In this study, &lt;i&gt;Dtl&lt;/i&gt; was conditionally knocked out in keratin14 positive epidermal cells, resulting in mice with a thinner epidermis and loss of hair follicles. These phenotypes are associated with perturbed proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes. Deletion of DTL resulted in the induction of p53 and p53-transactivated proapoptotic genes, cell cycle arrest and increased apoptosis. Deletion of p53 in &lt;i&gt;Dtl&lt;/i&gt; mutant mice rescued the epithelial progenitor cells from apoptosis but had no effect on the proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes, which implies p53-independent mechanisms are also important for the proliferation and differentiation of epidermal cells during the skin epidermis and hair follicle development.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Neuronal Development&lt;/b&gt; “Trim46 knockout impaired neuronal architecture and caused hypoactive behavior in rats” by Feifei Guan, Shan Gao, Hanxuan Sheng, Yuanwu Ma, Wei Chen, Xiaolong Qi, Xu Zhang, Xiang Gao, Shuo Pang, Lianfeng Zhang, and Li Zhang; &lt;i&gt;DevDyn&lt;/i&gt; 253:7, pp. 659-676. https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.687. Tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins play important roles in numerous biological processes including the regulation of cell cycle progression, neurogenesis and oncogenesis. Variants in the C-I subgroup of TRIM proteins, of which there are six members, have been associated with brain disorders including X-linked 101 mental retardation, Opitz GBBB syndrome, dementia, spatial memory impairments, and sensorimotor gating defects. However, the function of the C-I subgroup member, TRIM46, has not y","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"253 7","pages":"634"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dvdy.725","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141466861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid generation of single-insertion transgenics by Tol2 transposition in zebrafish","authors":"Miglė Kalvaitytė,&nbsp;Sofija Gabrilavičiūtė,&nbsp;Darius Balciunas","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.719","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dvdy.719","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Tol2 transposable element is the most widely used transgenesis tool in zebrafish. However, its high activity almost always leads to multiple unlinked integrations of the transgenic cassette in F₁ fish. Each of these transgenes is susceptible to positional effects from the surrounding regulatory landscape, which can lead to altered expression and, consequently, activity. Scientists therefore must strike a balance between the need to maximize reproducibility by establishing single-insertion transgenic lines and the need to complete experiments within a reasonable timeframe.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this article, we introduce a simple competitive dilution strategy for rapid generation of single-insertion transgenics. By using <i>cry:BFP</i> reporter plasmid as a competitor, we achieved a nearly fourfold reduction in the number of the transgene of interest integrations while simultaneously increasing the proportion of single-insertion F₁ generation transgenics to over 50%. We also observed variations in transgene of interest expression among independent single-insertion transgenics, highlighting that the commonly used ubiquitous <i>ubb</i> promoter is susceptible to position effects.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Wide application of our competitive dilution strategy will save time, reduce animal usage, and improve reproducibility of zebrafish research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"253 11","pages":"1056-1065"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141466860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential retinoic acid sensitivity of oral and pharyngeal teeth in medaka (Oryzias latipes) supports the importance of pouch–cleft contacts in pharyngeal tooth initiation","authors":"D. Larionova,&nbsp;A. Huysseune","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.723","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dvdy.723","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Previous studies have claimed that pharyngeal teeth in medaka (<i>Oryzias latipes</i>) are induced independent of retinoic acid (RA) signaling, unlike in zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>). In zebrafish, pharyngeal tooth formation depends on a proper physical contact between the embryonic endodermal pouch anterior to the site of tooth formation, and the adjacent ectodermal cleft, an RA-dependent process. Here, we test the hypothesis that a proper pouch–cleft contact is required for pharyngeal tooth formation in embryonic medaka, as it is in zebrafish. We used 4-[diethylamino]benzaldehyde (DEAB) to pharmacologically inhibit RA production, and thus pouch–cleft contacts, in experiments strictly controlled in time, and analyzed these using high-resolution imaging.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pharyngeal teeth in medaka were present only when the corresponding anterior pouch had reached the ectoderm (i.e., a physical pouch–cleft contact established), similar to the situation in zebrafish. Oral teeth were present even when the treatment started approximately 4 days before normal oral tooth appearance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>RA dependency for pharyngeal tooth formation is not different between zebrafish and medaka. We propose that the differential response to DEAB of oral versus pharyngeal teeth in medaka could be ascribed to the distinct germ layer origin of the epithelia involved in tooth formation in these two regions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"253 12","pages":"1094-1105"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141466859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular anatomy of emerging Xenopus left-right organizer at successive developmental stages.","authors":"Natalia Petri, Alexandra Vetrova, Nikoloz Tsikolia, Stanislav Kremnyov","doi":"10.1002/dvdy.722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.722","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vertebrate left-right symmetry breaking is preceded by formation of left-right organizer. In Amphibian, this structure is formed by gastrocoel roof plate, which emerges from superficial suprablastoporal cells. GRP is subdivided into medial area, which generates leftward flow by rotating monocilia and lateral Nodal1 expressing areas, which are involved in sensing of the flow. After successful symmetry breaking, medial cells are incorporated into a deep layer where they contribute to the axial mesoderm, while lateral domains join somitic mesoderm.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Here, we performed detailed analysis of spatial and temporal gene expression of important markers and the corresponding morphology of emerging GRP. Endodermal marker Sox17 and markers of superficial mesoderm display complementary patterns at all studied stages. At early stages, GRP forms Tekt2 positive epithelial domain clearly separated from underlying deep layers, while at later stages, this separation disappears. Marker of early somitic mesoderm MyoD1 was absent in emerging GRP and was induced together with Nodal1 during early neurulation. Decreasing morphological separation is accompanied by lateral to medial covering of GRP by endoderm.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our data supports continuous link between superficial mesoderm at the start of gastrulation and mature GRP and suggests late induction of somitic fate in lateral GRP.</p>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141455859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}