Developmental and comparative immunology最新文献

{"title":"Integrated analysis of microRNA expression profiles in Takifugu obscurus kidney following Vibrio harveyi challenge","authors":"Rui Shen,&nbsp;Hao Wu,&nbsp;Qian-Hui Yuan,&nbsp;Zhe Zhao,&nbsp;Ying Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105478","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105478","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs critical for post-transcriptional gene regulation, serve as key immune modulators in vertebrates. However, their roles in teleost disease resistance remain underexplored. In the present study, a comprehensive miRNA transcriptome analysis was conducted in <em>Takifugu obscurus</em> under <em>Vibrio harveyi</em> challenge using high-throughput RNA sequencing. Three miRNA libraries (ToCG, ToEG1, and ToEG2) were constructed from kidney tissues of <em>T</em>. <em>obscurus</em> collected at 0 h (non-infected control), 6 h, and 24 h post-infection. Bioinformatics analysis identified 1093 miRNAs, including 195 novel miRNAs, and revealed 175 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) across infection timepoints. Validation experiments via quantitative real-time PCR confirmed the expression patterns of 16 randomly selected DEmiRNAs, demonstrating high consistency with sequencing data. Functional enrichment analysis of DEmiRNAs highlighted significant associations with immune regulatory pathways, including mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling, Forkhead box O signaling, erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog signaling, and endocytosis pathways. Notably, several DEmiRNAs exhibited temporal expression patterns, suggesting stage-specific immunoregulatory functions during bacterial pathogenesis. This study suggests a potential miRNA regulatory network in <em>T. obscurus</em> during <em>V. harveyi</em> infection, providing crucial insights into conserved and species-specific miRNA-mediated immune mechanisms in teleosts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105478"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145120084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative analysis of the gut microbiome and immune gene expression in two Penaeus monodon populations","authors":"Pacharaporn Angthong ,&nbsp;Tanaporn Uengwetwanit ,&nbsp;Sopacha Arayamethakorn ,&nbsp;Panyisa Potibut ,&nbsp;Mongkhol Phanthura ,&nbsp;Wanilada Rungrassamee ,&nbsp;Sage Chaiyapechara","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Maintaining intestinal homeostasis is important for shrimp health in aquaculture, particularly under the constant exposure to environmental and biological stressors. While much research has focused on disease-related dysbiosis, the fundamental mechanisms of homeostasis under normal conditions remain largely uncharacterized. To address this gap, postlarval black tiger shrimp (<em>Penaeus monodon</em>) from two distinct genetic lineages, domestic and imported broodstock, were reared in a shared aquaculture environment for three months to observe baseline interaction between intestinal microbiota and immune responses. Intestinal microbiota was examined using 16S rRNA gene (V3-V4) sequencing, and transcriptomic profiles of the intestines were analyzed using RNA sequencing. Average final weight was not significantly different (<em>p</em> = 0.66) between two sources. Microbiota from the intestines of shrimp from different sources showed significant differences at all sampling periods throughout the feeding trial (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), based on PERMANOVA results. <em>Vibrio, Colwellia, Pseudoalteromonas, Shewanella, and Tenacibaculum</em> were the dominant bacterial genera in the intestines of shrimp from both groups. Several discriminant genera between the two groups were also identified, including <em>Pseudoalteromonas, Mesoflavibacter, Maribacter, Spongiimonas, Desulfobulbus</em>, and uncultured JGI o_JGI 0000069-P22 (Patescibacteria group). Transcriptomic analysis revealed that while both groups expressed immune-related genes across broad functional categories like pattern recognition proteins (PRPs), proteinase and protease inhibitors (PPIs), and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), they appeared to employ different sets of individual genes or isoforms within these functional groups. These findings suggest that shrimp's immune systems during normal conditions can utilize different pathways within the same functional categories to control the intestinal microbiome. The pathways preference could be due to their genetic background and baseline microbiota. A better understanding of the unstressed host–microbiota interaction could help guide the microbiome management strategies to maintain gut homeostasis for sustainable disease control in shrimp aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105514"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145511874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of feed supplementation with Lactobacillus reuteri and Bacillus subtilis on the liver immunity in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)","authors":"Chong Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaodi Hu ,&nbsp;Huijuan Tang ,&nbsp;Wei Ge ,&nbsp;Lijun Di ,&nbsp;Jixing Zou ,&nbsp;Aiguo Zhou ,&nbsp;Zongbin Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105486","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105486","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the culture of largemouth bass (<em>Micropterus salmoides</em>), probiotics play an important role. Probiotics such as <em>Lactobacillus reuteri</em> and <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> can enhance the immune systems of fish like <em>M. salmoides</em> and help them prevent diseases. The largemouth bass in this experiment were fed a diet containing <em>B. subtilis</em> (BS, 10⁷ CFU/g) and <em>L. reuteri</em> (LR, 10⁷ CFU/g) for 35 days. Investigations were conducted into how the two probiotics affected the liver antioxidant capacity and liver immunity of <em>M. salmoides</em>. The findings revealed that both the BS and LR groups activated the <em>Nrf2</em>/<em>keap1</em> signaling pathway, significantly increasing the expression of genes such as <em>Nrf2</em>, <em>SOD1</em>, <em>SOD2</em>, <em>GST</em>, and <em>CAT</em>. Moreover, the BS group notably augmented the levels of AKP, T-AOC, SOD, and CAT in the liver. Importantly, the key immune-related pathways enriched for differentially expressed genes in the BS group for hepatic transcriptional machinery encompassed complement and coagulation cascades, IL-17 signaling pathway, and chemokine signaling pathway. In conclusion, <em>B. subtilis</em> and <em>L. reuteri</em> demonstrate the ability to enhance the hepatic antioxidant capacity and immunocompetence of <em>M. salmoides</em>. However, significant differences exist in the intensity of their effects and the types of immune pathways activated in the liver. Both hold promising application value, and this study lays a foundational groundwork for the utilization of <em>B. subtilis</em> and <em>L. reuteri</em> in <em>M. salmoides</em> aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105486"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145250292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional characterization of complement receptor 3 (CR3) in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): Insights into CD11b/CD18-mediated immunity against bacterial infections","authors":"Yang Lei ,&nbsp;Weiheng Shi ,&nbsp;Yanxi Guo ,&nbsp;Yuqing Lin ,&nbsp;Jianmin Ye ,&nbsp;Liting Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105469","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105469","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Complement receptor 3 (CR3), also known as integrin αMβ2, CD11b/CD18, or Mac-1, is a heterodimeric leukocyte-specific integrin composed of the αM (CD11b) and β2 (CD18) subunits. To elucidate the role of CR3 in immunity in Nile tilapia (<em>Oreochromis niloticus</em>), we cloned and characterized the αM (<em>On</em>CD11b) and β2 (<em>On</em>CD18) subunits and investigated their functions both <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em>. Sequence analysis revealed that <em>On</em>CD11b contains a 3378-bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a protein of 1128 amino acids (124.7 kDa), while <em>On</em>CD18 comprises a 2337-bp ORF encoding 778 amino acids (85.7 kDa). Structural alignment demonstrated high degree of conservation in the von Willebrand factor type A (vWFA) domains of both subunits, with significant homology to CD11b and CD18 orthologs across species. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that <em>On</em>CD11b and <em>On</em>CD18 cluster within the teleost-specific CD11b and CD18 clades, respectively. Tissue-specific expression profiling indicated predominant expression of <em>On</em>CD11b in the head kidney and <em>On</em>CD18 in the spleen. Both subunits were significantly upregulated in these tissues following challenges with <em>Streptococcus agalactiae</em> (<em>S. agalactiae</em>) and <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em> (<em>A. hydrophila</em>), suggesting their involvement in pathogen-induced immune responses. <em>In vitro</em> functional assays demonstrated that the recombinant vWFA domains of <em>On</em>CD11b and <em>On</em>CD18 exhibited specific binding capacity to <em>S. agalactiae</em>, <em>A. hydrophila</em>, and lipopolysaccharide, highlighting their role as pattern recognition receptors. Crucially, <em>in vivo</em> knockdown of <em>On</em>CD11b or <em>On</em>CD18 resulted in a significant increase in bacterial load in tilapia tissues following <em>S. agalactiae</em> infection, underscoring their essential role in host defense. These findings collectively demonstrate that <em>On</em>CD11b and <em>On</em>CD18 are pivotal components of the immune system in Nile tilapia, facilitating bacterial clearance through direct pathogen recognition pathway. This study provides new insights into the evolutionarily conserved mechanisms of CR3-mediated immunity and potential therapeutic targets for bacterial infections in aquaculture species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105469"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145098908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening and validation of Galectin3-interacting proteins from Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)","authors":"Lirong Jiang ,&nbsp;Baoshan Guo ,&nbsp;Yiping Lin ,&nbsp;Qingyue Xu ,&nbsp;Dong Zheng ,&nbsp;Shun Zhou ,&nbsp;Yunji Xiu","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105504","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105504","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Galectins are proteins that play a crucial role in the innate immune response against pathogenic microorganisms. Galectin3, the only chimera-type galectin found in vertebrates, have been demonstrated a variety of biological activities in vitro, such as activation of cells, modulation of cell adhesion and regulation of apoptosis. In addition, galectin3 has been shown to be associated with inflammatory responses. However, it is unknown exactly how galectin3 contributes to the immunological response. In this research, to find the interacting proteins of galectin3, TMT liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (TMT LC-MS/MS), co-immunoprecipitation and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (Co-IP LC-MS/MS) technologies and Co-IP Western blot (Co-IP WB) were applied. Intestinal epithelial cells of <em>Paralichthys olivaceus</em> (PoIEC) were transfected with pcDNA3.1-Galectin3 to obtain an overexpression plasmid and validated it by Western blot. Then we searched the proteins that may interact with galectin3 by TMT LC-MS/MS and Co-IP LC-MS/MS experiments, which suggest that cathepsin B (CTSB) and heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein (HSC71) are potential interacting proteins of galectin3. Then, HSC71 was verified as an interacting protein with galectin3 by Co-IP WB. In conclusion, our findings suggest that HSC71 acts as a target protein for galectin3, helping to elucidate the mechanism of galectin3 involvement in the inflammatory response and further exploring the cellular activation of fish pathogen signaling recognition, transmission and inflammatory cascade response.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105504"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145387910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic analysis reveals the mechanism of viral modulation of host immunity facilitating calicivirus replication in Pelteobagrus fulvidraco","authors":"Siyu Liu ,&nbsp;Linyun Lin ,&nbsp;Yue Zou ,&nbsp;Dong Liu ,&nbsp;Qiongyao Guo ,&nbsp;Xin Chu ,&nbsp;Jinyu Shen ,&nbsp;Xiaoyi Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105503","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105503","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Yellow catfish (<em>Pelteobagrus fulvidraco</em>), an economically significant aquaculture species in East Asia, faces substantial threats from pathogens, with yellow catfish calicivirus (YcCV) being the primary causative agent of spring outbreaks leading to massive mortality and economic losses. Although the YcCV genome has been fully characterized, the immune response mechanisms of <em>P. fulvidraco</em> during infection remain poorly understood. Here, we conducted histopathological and transcriptomic analyses of head kidney from YcCV-infected fish at 1 and 5 days post-infection (dpi). Histopathological analysis revealed severe tissue damage, including liver coagulative necrosis, splenic hemorrhage, and widespread inflammatory infiltration in the kidney and heart. Compared to controls, 142 and 3402 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified at 1 dpi and 5 dpi, respectively. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed these DEGs were predominantly involved in signal transduction, cellular growth, apoptosis, immune responses, and metabolic processes. Notably, significant upregulation of <em>IL4i1</em> suggested its potential role in modulating host immunity to control viral replication. siRNA-mediated knockdown of <em>IL4i1</em> in yellow catfish brain cells suppressed YcCV replication, as evidenced by reduced viral load and mRNA levels, indicating a proviral regulatory function of <em>IL4i1</em>. Collectively, these findings provide novel insights into virus-host interactions, advancing our understanding of YcCV pathogenesis and informing future antiviral strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105503"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145408435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pentraxin family members of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides): Cloning, characterization and expression responses to LPS, Poly (I:C) and Nocardia seriolae","authors":"Yawen Yang ,&nbsp;Yushuai Xie ,&nbsp;Zhaosheng Sun ,&nbsp;Zihan Zhang ,&nbsp;Chuanguo Cai ,&nbsp;Zhitao Qi ,&nbsp;Qian Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105475","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105475","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pentraxins (PTXs) are highly conserved soluble pattern recognition molecules, and play important roles in the innate immunity and autoimmune diseases. In present study, ten PTXs including CRP1, SAP, NPTX1-like, NPTX2a, NPTX2b, NPTXR-like, NPTXRb, PTX3a, PTX3-like and PTX4 were identified from largemouth bass (<em>Micropterus salmoides</em>). These PTXs exhibited high sequence identities with their counterparts of other fish species, and contained conserved motifs and structures of the PTX family, except of PTX3-like. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these largemouth bass PTXs were closely clustered with their counterparts of other fish species, confirming the correctness of the obtained sequences. Realtime qPCR analysis showed that these PTX genes were widely expressed in all examined tissues, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), Poly (I:C), and <em>Nocardia seriolae</em> stimulation significantly induced their expressions in head kidney (HK), spleen, gill, and intestine. These results demonstrated the crucial roles of PTXs members in the immune response of largemouth bass against pathogen invasion. To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first identification of NPTX1, NPTX2b, NPTXRa, NPTXRb, and PTX4 in fish species, as well as the initial documentation of PTXs in largemouth bass.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105475"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune response and inhibitory effects of quercetin on tilapia parvovirus: an in vitro approach","authors":"Gani Taju,&nbsp;Allahbagash Badhusha,&nbsp;Seepoo Abdul Majeed,&nbsp;Venkatesan Rajkumar,&nbsp;Mohamed Jaffer Abdul Wazith,&nbsp;Sivaraj Mithra,&nbsp;Kumarasamy Kanimozhi,&nbsp;Azeez Sait Sahul Hameed","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105505","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105505","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Significant economic losses in global tilapia farming have been attributed to tilapia parvovirus (TiPV). There is an urgent need for therapeutic drug discovery, as no effective drugs currently exist to control TiPV infection. Quercetin, a polyphenolic flavonoid found in natural products, effectively inhibits the growth of several viral pathogens. This study evaluated the ability of quercetin to inhibit TiPV replication in a tilapia heart (TH) cell line. MTT assay was used to assess the cytotoxic effects of quercetin on TH cells. H₂DCF-DA was used to measure quercetin-induced ROS production in TH cells. Fluorescence microscopy revealed no mitochondrial membrane and nucleus alterations at high quercetin concentrations, as assessed by rhodamine 123 and Hoechst 33,258 staining. Immune-responsive genes (<em>TNF-α, TLR-7, IL-8, MHC-II, IFNγ</em>, and <em>NF-κβ</em>) were studied in TH cells exposed to quercetin test groups (TG1-TG6) at different intervals by RT-qPCR. At 96 h post-exposure, immune-related genes were significantly upregulated in TH cells exposed to 40 and 50 μg/mL quercetin. Quercetin's inhibitory activity against TiPV infection was assessed by morphological changes, cytopathic effects, viral titre quantification by TCID₅₀, TiPV detection by PCR, and viral load quantification by qPCR. The results showed a significant reduction in CPE, TCID₅₀, PCR bands, and viral copies in TH cells treated with higher quercetin concentrations than in non-quercetin-exposed cells. The increase in immune gene expression and decrease in CPE, TCID₅₀, PCR band intensity, and viral load were concentration- and time-dependent manner. This study confirmed the potent antiviral effects of quercetin against TiPV infection, suggesting its potential use as a control drug.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105505"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145387934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clip-domain serine proteinases and their homologs: Role in crustacean immunity","authors":"Walaiporn Charoensapsri ,&nbsp;Miti Jearaphunt ,&nbsp;Chanprapa Imjongjirak ,&nbsp;Piti Amparyup","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105465","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105465","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Clip-domain serine proteinases (clip-SPs) and their non-catalytic serine proteinase homologs (SPHs) constitute a highly conserved protein family that plays a critical role in the innate immunity of crustaceans. These extracellular proteolytic enzymes contain one or more N-terminal clip domains and a C-terminal serine proteinase or proteinase-like domain. Their classification as either catalytically active clip-SPs or inactive SPHs is based on the presence or absence of a conserved catalytic triad (His-Asp-Ser). This review provides a comprehensive overview of their structural features, molecular classification, and occurrence across diverse crustacean species. Clip-SPs and SPHs act as key modulators of the innate immune system. They mediate proteolytic activation of the prophenoloxidase (proPO) cascade, which drives the melanization response, and coordinate antimicrobial and antiviral defenses to limit pathogen proliferation and promote immune clearance. They also influence the transcription of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), likely via molecular cross-talk between the proPO cascade and Toll signaling pathway. This review summarizes current knowledge of clip-SPs and SPHs in crustaceans, emphasizing their integrative function and potential relevance to host defense mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105465"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145085245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in the use of dietary β-glucan in aquaculture: Structural insights, immunological benefits, and feed applications","authors":"Yue Kong ,&nbsp;Saikun Pan ,&nbsp;Shengjun Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105476","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105476","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>β-glucan, a bioactive polysaccharide derived from fungi, yeast, grains, and algae, has become a versatile element in aquaculture feeding. This review thoroughly examines the structural differences, extraction techniques, and purification methods of β-glucans, correlating these characteristics with their biological effectiveness. Particular attention is given to their antioxidant, immunomodulatory, antibacterial, and hypolipidemic properties, along with their integration into functional diets to enhance aquatic animal performance. β-glucan supplementation has demonstrated effectiveness in enhancing development, augmenting disease resistance, and fortifying stress tolerance in many aquatic species by altering innate immunity, oxidative equilibrium, and metabolic functions. The fundamental mechanisms, encompassing receptor-mediated signaling pathways and dose-dependent responses, are meticulously examined. Furthermore, issues pertaining to delivery techniques, structural integrity, and practical use are examined. This investigation underscores β-glucan as a viable and sustainable substitute for antibiotics in enhancing aquaculture health and productivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105476"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145129899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}