Developmental and comparative immunology最新文献

{"title":"Two IFNa3s mediate the regulation of IRF9 in the process of infection with Streptococcus iniae in yellowfin seabream, Acanthopagrus latus (Hottuyn, 1782)","authors":"Hong-Xi He ,&nbsp;Hua-Yang Guo ,&nbsp;Bao-Suo Liu ,&nbsp;Nan Zhang ,&nbsp;Ke-Cheng Zhu ,&nbsp;Dian-Chang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dci.2024.105167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>IRF9 can play an antibacterial role by regulating the type I interferon (IFN) pathway. <em>Streptococcus iniae</em> can cause many deaths of yellowfin seabream, <em>Acanthopagrus latus</em> in pond farming. Nevertheless, the regulatory mechanism of type I IFN signalling by <em>A. latus IRF9</em> (<em>AlIRF9</em>) against <em>S. iniae</em> remains elucidated. In our study, <em>AlIRF9</em> has a total cDNA length of 3200 bp and contains a 1311 bp ORF encoding a presumed 436 amino acids (aa). The genomic DNA sequence of <em>AlIRF9</em> has nine exons and eight introns, and <em>AlIRF9</em> was expressed in various tissues, containing the stomach, spleen, brain, skin, and liver, among which the highest expression was in the spleen. Moreover, <em>AlIRF9</em> transcriptions in the spleen, liver, kidney, and brain were increased by <em>S. iniae</em> infection. By overexpression of <em>AlIRF9</em>, <em>AlIRF9</em> is shown as a whole-cell distribution, mainly concentrated in the nucleus. Moreover, the promoter fragments of −415 to +192 bp and −311 to +196 bp were regarded as core sequences from two <em>AlIFNa3s</em>. The point mutation analyses verified that <em>AlIFNa3</em> and <em>AlIFNa3-like</em> transcriptions are dependent on both M3 sites with <em>AlIRF9</em>. In addition, <em>AlIRF9</em> could greatly reduce two <em>AlIFNa3s</em> and interferon signalling factors expressions. These results showed that in <em>A. latus</em>, both <em>AlIFNa3</em> and <em>AlIFNa3-like</em> can mediate the regulation of <em>AlIRF9</em> in the process of infection with <em>S. iniae</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140345226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular characterization, cytoprotective, DNA protective, and immunological assessment of peroxiredoxin-1 (Prdx1) from yellowtail clownfish (Amphiprion clarkii)","authors":"D.C.G. Rodrigo ,&nbsp;H.M.V. Udayantha ,&nbsp;W.K.M. Omeka ,&nbsp;D.S. Liyanage ,&nbsp;M.A.H. Dilshan ,&nbsp;H.A.C.R. Hanchapola ,&nbsp;Y.K. Kodagoda ,&nbsp;Jihun Lee ,&nbsp;Sukkyoung Lee ,&nbsp;Taehyug Jeong ,&nbsp;Qiang Wan ,&nbsp;Jehee Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dci.2024.105175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Peroxiredoxin-1 (Prdx1) is a thiol-specific antioxidant enzyme that detoxifies reactive oxygen species (ROS) and regulates the redox status of cells. In this study, the Prdx1 cDNA sequence was isolated from the pre-established <em>Amphiprion clarkii</em> (<em>A. clarkii</em>) (AcPrdx1) transcriptome database and characterized structurally and functionally. The AcPrdx1 coding sequence comprises 597 bp and encodes 198 amino acids with a molecular weight of 22.1 kDa and a predicted theoretical isoelectric point of 6.3. AcPrdx1 is localized and functionally available in the cytoplasm and nucleus of cells. The TXN domain of AcPrdx1 comprises two peroxiredoxin signature VCP motifs, which contain catalytic peroxidatic (C_p-C⁵²) and resolving cysteine (C_R-C¹⁷³) residues. The constructed phylogenetic tree and sequence alignment revealed that <em>AcPrdx1</em> is evolutionarily conserved, and its most closely related counterpart is <em>Amphiprion ocellaris</em>. Under normal physiological conditions, <em>AcPrdx1</em> was ubiquitously detected in all tissues examined, with the most robust expression in the spleen. Furthermore, <em>AcPrdx1</em> transcripts were significantly upregulated in the spleen, head kidney, and blood after immune stimulation by polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly (I:C)), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and <em>Vibrio harveyi</em> injection. Recombinant AcPrdx1 (rAcPrdx1) demonstrated antioxidant and DNA protective properties in a concentration-dependent manner, as evidenced by insulin disulfide reduction, peroxidase activity, and metal-catalyzed oxidation (MCO) assays, whereas cells transfected with <em>pcDNA3.1</em>^<em>(+)</em><em>/AcPrdx1</em> showed significant cytoprotective function under oxidative and nitrosative stress. Overexpression of <em>AcPrdx1</em> in fathead minnow (FHM) cells led to a lower viral copy number following <em>viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus</em> (VHSV) infection, along with upregulation of several antiviral genes. Collectively, this study provides insights into the function of <em>AcPrdx1</em> in defense against oxidative stressors and its role in the immune response against pathogenic infections in <em>A. clarkii.</em></p></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140351278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A trace amine associated receptor mediates antimicrobial immune response in the oyster Crassostrea gigas","authors":"Yuehong Yang ,&nbsp;Xue Qiao ,&nbsp;Simiao Yu ,&nbsp;Xinyu Zhao ,&nbsp;Yuhao Jin ,&nbsp;Rui Liu ,&nbsp;Jie Li ,&nbsp;Lingling Wang ,&nbsp;Linsheng Song","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Trace amine-associated receptors (TAARs) are a class of G protein-coupled receptors, playing an immunomodulatory function in the neuroinflammatory responses. In the present study, a TAAR homologue with a 7tm_classA_rhodopsin-like domain (designated as <em>Cg</em>TAAR1L) was identified in oyster <em>Crassostrea gigas</em>. The abundant <em>Cg</em>TAAR1L transcripts were detected in visceral ganglia and haemocytes compared to other tissues, which were 55.35-fold and 32.95-fold (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01) of those in adductor muscle, respectively. The mRNA expression level of <em>Cg</em>TAAR1L in haemocytes significantly increased and reached the peak level at 3 h after LPS or Poly (I:C) stimulation, which was 4.55-fold and 12.35-fold of that in control group, respectively (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). After the expression of <em>Cg</em>TAAR1L was inhibited by the injection of its targeted siRNA, the mRNA expression levels of interleukin17s (<em>Cg</em>IL17-1, <em>Cg</em>IL17-5 and <em>Cg</em>IL17-6), and defensin (<em>Cg</em>defh1) significantly decreased at 3 h after LPS stimulation, which was 0.51-fold (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), 0.39-fold (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01), 0.48-fold (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) and 0.41-fold (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) of that in the control group, respectively. The nuclear translocation of <em>Cg</em>p65 protein was suppressed in the <em>Cg</em>TAAR1L-RNAi oysters. Furthermore, the number of <em>Vibrio splendidus</em> in the haemolymph of <em>Cg</em>TAAR1L-RNAi oysters significantly increased (4.11-fold, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) compared with that in the control group. In contrast, there was no significant difference in phagocytic rate of haemocytes to <em>V. splendidus</em> in the <em>Cg</em>TAAR1L-RNAi oysters. These results indicated that <em>Cg</em>TAAR1L played an important role in the immune defense against bacterial infection by inducing the expressions of interleukin and defensin.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140305196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic profiling revealed immune-related signaling pathways in response to experimental infection of Leishmania donovani in two desert lizards from Northwest China","authors":"Yuying Xiao ,&nbsp;Jinlei He ,&nbsp;Xianguang Guo ,&nbsp;Xiaoting Zheng ,&nbsp;Zheying Zhu ,&nbsp;Qi Zhou ,&nbsp;Xuechun Liao ,&nbsp;Dali Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Little is known about the immune response of lizards to <em>Leishmania</em> parasties. In this study, we conducted the first liver transcriptome analysis of two lizards (<em>Phrynocephalus przewalskii</em> and <em>Eremias multiocellata</em>) challenged with <em>L. donovani</em>, endemic to the steppe desert region of northwestern China. Our results revealed that multiple biological processes and immune-related signaling pathways are closely associated with the immune response to experimental <em>L. donovani</em> infection in the two lizards, and that both lizards show similar changes to mammals in terms of immunity to <em>Leishmania</em>. However, the interspecific divergence of the two lizards leads to different transcriptomic changes. In particular, in contrast to <em>P. przewalskii</em>, the challenged <em>E. mutltiocellata</em> was characterized by the induction of down-regulation of most DEGs. These findings will contribute to the scarce resources on lizard immunity and provide a reference for further research on immune mechanisms in reptiles.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140317993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The expression patterns of exosomal miRNAs in the Pacific oyster after high-temperature stress or Vibrio stimulation","authors":"Lu Liu ,&nbsp;Lei Gao ,&nbsp;Keli Zhou ,&nbsp;Qingsong Li ,&nbsp;Hairu Xu ,&nbsp;Xingyi Feng ,&nbsp;Lingling Wang ,&nbsp;Linsheng Song","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The exosomal miRNA plays a crucial role in the intercellular communication response to environmental stress and pathogenic stimulation. In the present study, the expression of exosomal miRNAs in the Pacific oyster <em>Crassostrea gigas</em> after high-temperature stress or <em>Vibrio splendidus</em> stimulation was investigated through high-throughput sequencing. The exosomes were identified to be teardrop-like vesicles with the average size of 81.7 nm by transmission electron microscopy. There were 66 known miRNAs and 33 novel miRNAs identified, of which 10 miRNAs were differentially expressed after both high-temperature stress and <em>Vibrio</em> stimulation compared to the control group. A total of 1868 genes were predicted as the putative targets of miRNAs, of which threonine aspartase 1-like was targeted by the highest number of related miRNAs. The robustness and reliability of miRNA expression from the sRNA sequencing data were verified by employing eight miRNAs for qPCR. GO and KEGG clustering analyses revealed that apoptosis was significantly enriched by the target genes of differentially expressed exosomal miRNAs after high-temperature stress, and autophagy and cytokine activity were significantly enriched after <em>Vibrio</em> stimulation. Energy metabolism was found to be significantly shared in the target gene enrichments after both high-temperature stress and <em>Vibrio</em> stimulation. These findings would improve our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of exosomal miRNAs in <em>C. gigas</em> after high-temperature stress or <em>Vibrio</em> stimulation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140317992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The involvement of interferon regulatory factor 8 in regulating the proliferation of haemocytes in oyster Crassostrea gigas","authors":"Zhuo Yu ,&nbsp;Xue Qiao ,&nbsp;Simiao Yu ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Gu ,&nbsp;Yuhao Jin ,&nbsp;Chunyu Tang ,&nbsp;Jixiang Niu ,&nbsp;Lingling Wang ,&nbsp;Linsheng Song","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) is an important transcriptional regulatory factor involving in multiple biological process, such as the antiviral immune response, immune cell proliferation and differentiation. In the present study, the involvement of a previously identified IRF8 homologue (<em>Cg</em>IRF8) in regulating haemocyte proliferation of oyster were further investigated. <em>Cg</em>IRF8 mRNA transcripts were detectable in all the stages of <em>C. gigas</em> larvae with the highest level in D-veliger (1.76-fold of that in zygote, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Its mRNA transcripts were also detected in all the three haemocyte subpopulations of adult oysters with the highest expression in granulocytes (2.79-fold of that in agranulocytes, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). After LPS stimulation, the mRNA transcripts of <em>Cg</em>IRF8 in haemocytes significantly increased at 12 h and 48 h, which were 2.04-fold and 1.65-fold (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) of that in control group, respectively. Meanwhile, the abundance of <em>Cg</em>IRF8 protein in the haemocytes increased significantly at 12 h after LPS stimulation (1.71-fold of that in seawater, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). The immunofluorescence assay and Western blot showed that LPS stimulation induced an obvious nucleus translocation of <em>Cg</em>IRF8 protein in haemocytes. After the expression of <em>Cg</em>IRF8 was inhibited by the injection of <em>Cg</em>IRF8 siRNA, the percentage of EdU positive haemocytes, the proportion of granulocytes, and the mRNA expression levels of <em>Cg</em>GATA and <em>Cg</em>SCL all declined significantly at 12 h after LPS stimulation, which was 0.64-fold (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), 0.7-fold (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), 0.31-fold and 0.54-fold (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) of that in the NC group, respectively. While the expression level of cell proliferation-related protein <em>Cg</em>CDK2, <em>Cg</em>CDC6, <em>Cg</em>CDC45 and <em>Cg</em>PCNA were significantly increased (1.99-fold, and 2.41-fold, 3.76-fold and 4.79-fold compared to that in the NC group respectively, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Dual luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that <em>Cg</em>IRF8 was able to activate the <em>Cg</em>GATA promoter in HEK293T cells after transfection of <em>Cg</em>GATA and <em>Cg</em>IRF8. These results collectively indicated that <em>Cg</em>IRF8 promoted haemocyte proliferation by regulating the expression of <em>Cg</em>GATA and other related genes in the immune response of oyster.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140305197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cloning and expression analysis of Janus activated kinase family genes from spotted seabass (Lateolabrax maculatus)","authors":"Ke Fan ,&nbsp;Qian Gao ,&nbsp;Chuanguo Cai ,&nbsp;Yushuai Xie ,&nbsp;Zhitao Qi ,&nbsp;Zhaosheng Sun ,&nbsp;Jiasong Xie ,&nbsp;Jiaqi Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Janus kinases (JAKs) are important components of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and play vital roles in innate immunity, autoimmune diseases, and inflammation. However, information about JAKs remains largely unknown in the spotted seabass, a fish species of Perciformes with great commercial value in the aquaculture industry. The aims of this study are to obtain the complete cDNA sequences of JAKs (JAK1, JAK2A, JAK2B, JAK3 and TYK2) from spotted seabass and to investigate their roles upon stimulation with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and <em>Edwardsiella tarda,</em> using RT-PCR, PCR and qRT-PCR methods. All five JAK genes from the spotted seabass, each encode more than 1100 amino acids residues. JAK1 and JAK3 consist of 24 exons and 23 introns, whereas JAK2A, JAK2B and TYK2 consist of 23 exons and 22 introns. Furthermore, these five spotted seabass JAKs share high sequence identities with those of other fish species in protein domain analysis, synteny analysis, and phylogenetic analysis. Moreover, these five JAK genes were ubiquitously expressed in all tissues examined from healthy fish, and inducible expressions of JAKs were observed in the intestine, gill, head kidney, and spleen following LPS treatment or <em>E. tarda</em> infection. These findings indicate that all these JAK genes are involved in the antibacterial immunity of the spotted seabass and provide a basis for further understanding the mechanism of JAKs antibacterial response in the spotted sea bass.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140206481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CgPHB2 involved in the haemocyte mitophagy in response to Vibrio splendidus stimulation in Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas","authors":"Shurong Li ,&nbsp;Jiejie Sun ,&nbsp;Yinan Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoqian Lv ,&nbsp;Lingling Wang ,&nbsp;Linsheng Song","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Prohibitin2 (PHB2) is recently identified as a novel inner membrane mitophagy receptor to mediate mitophagy. In the present study, the function of <em>Cg</em>PHB2 in mediating mitophagy in response to <em>Vibrio splendidus</em> stimulation was investigated in <em>Crassostrea gigas</em>. <em>Cg</em>PHB2 protein was mainly distributed in the cytoplasm of three subpopulations of haemocytes. After <em>V. splendidus</em> stimulation, the expressions of <em>Cg</em>PHB2 mRNA in haemocytes were up-regulated significantly at 6, 12 and 24 h, and the abundance of <em>Cg</em>PHB2 protein was also enhanced at 12–24 h compared to control group. Furthermore, the green signals of <em>Cg</em>PHB2 were colocalized respectively with the red signals of mitochondria and <em>Cg</em>LC3 in the haemocytes at 12 h after <em>V. splendidus</em> stimulation, and the co-localization value of <em>Cg</em>PHB2 and mtphagy Dye was significantly increased. The direct interaction between <em>Cg</em>PHB2 and <em>Cg</em>LC3 was simulated by molecular docking. In PHB2-inhibitor Fluorizoline-treated oysters, the mRNA expressions of mitophagy-related genes and the ratio of mitophagy were significantly decreased in haemocytes of oysters after <em>V. splendidus</em> stimulation. All the results collectively suggested that <em>Cg</em>PHB2 participated in mediating the haemocyte mitophagy in the antibacterial immune response of oysters.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140206480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"USP46 promotes the interferon antiviral signaling in black carp by deubiquitinating TBK1","authors":"Juanjuan Shu ,&nbsp;Can Yang ,&nbsp;Yujia Miao ,&nbsp;Jinyi Li ,&nbsp;Tianle Zheng ,&nbsp;Jun Xiao ,&nbsp;Weiguang Kong ,&nbsp;Zhen Xu ,&nbsp;Hao Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105170","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 46 (USP46) functions as a deubiquitinating enzyme, facilitating the removal of ubiquitin molecules attached to substrate proteins and playing a critical role in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. However, its function in innate antiviral immunity is unknown. In this study we cloned and identified bcUSP46, a homolog of USP46 from black carp. We discovered that overexpression of bcUSP46 enhanced the transcription of interferon (IFN) promoters and increased the expression of <em>IFN</em>, <em>PKR</em>, and <em>Mx1</em>. In addition, bcUSP46 knockdown significantly inhibited the expression of ISG genes, as well as the antiviral activity of the host cells. Interestingly, when bcUSP46 was co-expressed with the RLR factors, it significantly enhanced the activity of the IFN promoter mediated by these factors, especially TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1). The subsequent co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) and immunofluorescence (IF) assay confirmed the association between bcUSP46 and bcTBK1. Noteworthily, co-expression of bcUSP46 with bcTBK1 led to an elevation of bcTBK1 protein level. Further analysis revealed that bcUSP46 stabilized bcTBK1 by eliminating the K48-linked ubiquitination of bcTBK1. Overall, our findings highlight the unique role of USP46 in modulating TBK1/IFN signaling and enrich our knowledge of the function of deubiquitination in regulating innate immunity in vertebrates.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140206482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate change can impair bacterial pathogen defences in sablefish via hypoxia-mediated effects on adaptive immunity","authors":"Robine H.J. Leeuwis ,&nbsp;Jennifer R. Hall ,&nbsp;Fábio S. Zanuzzo ,&nbsp;Nicole Smith ,&nbsp;Kathy A. Clow ,&nbsp;Surendra Kumar ,&nbsp;Ignacio Vasquez ,&nbsp;Frederick W. Goetz ,&nbsp;Stewart C. Johnson ,&nbsp;Matthew L. Rise ,&nbsp;Javier Santander ,&nbsp;A. Kurt Gamperl","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Low-oxygen levels (hypoxia) in aquatic habitats are becoming more common because of global warming and eutrophication. However, the effects on the health/disease status of fishes, the world's largest group of vertebrates, are unclear. Therefore, we assessed how long-term hypoxia affected the immune function of sablefish, an ecologically and economically important North Pacific species, including the response to a formalin-killed <em>Aeromonas salmonicida</em> bacterin. Sablefish were held at normoxia or hypoxia (100% or 40% air saturated seawater, respectively) for 6–16 weeks, while we measured a diverse array of immunological traits. Given that the sablefish is a non-model organism, this involved the development of a species-specific methodological toolbox comprised of qPCR primers for 16 key immune genes, assays for blood antibacterial defences, the assessment of blood immunoglobulin (IgM) levels with ELISA, and flow cytometry and confocal microscopy techniques. We show that innate immune parameters were typically elevated in response to the bacterial antigens, but were not substantially affected by hypoxia. In contrast, hypoxia completely prevented the ∼1.5-fold increase in blood IgM level that was observed under normoxic conditions following bacterin exposure, implying a serious impairment of adaptive immunity. Since the sablefish is naturally hypoxia tolerant, our results demonstrate that climate change-related deoxygenation may be a serious threat to the immune competency of fishes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140193572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}