Developmental and comparative immunology最新文献

{"title":"Multiple effects of dietary supplementation with Lactobacillus reuteri and Bacillus subtilis on the growth, immunity, and metabolism of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)","authors":"Chong Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaodi Hu ,&nbsp;Huijuan Tang ,&nbsp;Wei Ge ,&nbsp;Lijun Di ,&nbsp;Jixing Zou ,&nbsp;Zongbin Cui ,&nbsp;Aiguo Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105241","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105241","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Probiotics play an essential role in the largemouth bass (<em>Micropterus salmoides</em>) aquaculture sector. They aid the fish in sickness prevention, intestinal structure improvement, food absorption, and immune system strengthening. In this experiment, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> (BS, 10⁷ CFU/g) and <em>Lactobacillus reuteri</em> (LR, 10⁷ CFU/g) were added to the feed and then fed to <em>M. salmoides</em> for 35 days. The effects of two probiotics on the growth, immunity, and metabolism of <em>M. salmoides</em> organisms were studied. The results revealed that the BS group significantly increased the growth rate and specific growth rate of <em>M. salmoides</em>, while both the BS and LR groups significantly increase the length of villi <em>M. salmoides</em> intestines. The BS group significantly increased the levels of AKP, T-AOC, and CAT in the blood of <em>M. salmoides</em>, as well as AKP levels in the intestine. Furthermore, the BS group significantly increased the expression of intestinal genes <em>Nrf2</em>, <em>SOD1</em>, <em>GPX</em>, and <em>CAT</em>, while significantly decreasing the expression of the <em>keap1</em> gene. <em>M. salmoides</em> gut microbial analysis showed that the abundance of Planctomycetota was significantly different in both control and experimental groups. Analyzed at the genus level, the abundance of <em>Citrobacter</em>, <em>Paracoccus</em>, <em>Luedemannella</em>， <em>Sphingomonas</em>, <em>Streptomyces</em> and <em>Xanthomonas</em> in the both control and experimental groups were significantly different. The BS group's differentially expressed genes were predominantly enriched in oxidative phosphorylation pathways in the intestine, indicating that they had a good influence on intestinal metabolism and inflammation suppression. In contrast, differentially expressed genes in the LR group were primarily enriched in the insulin signaling and linoleic acid metabolism pathways, indicating improved intestine metabolic performance. In conclusion, <em>B. subtilis</em> and <em>L. reuteri</em> improve the growth and health of <em>M. salmoides</em>, indicating tremendous potential for enhancing intestinal metabolism and providing significant application value.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 105241"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141912213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The future of comparative immunology viewed from the perspective of Xenopus research","authors":"Jacques Robert","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105238","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105238","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 105238"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141906205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytokines – Early vertebrate genes and evolution","authors":"Christopher J. Secombes","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105239","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 105239"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141906204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular characteristics of rhesus macaque interferon-lambda receptor 1 (mmuIFNLR1): Sequence identity, distribution and alteration after simian-human immunodeficiency virus infection in the skin and buccal mucosa","authors":"Rui-Jie Liu,&nbsp;Gui-Bo Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105236","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105236","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Interferon-lambda receptor 1 (IFNLR1) is the key to interferon-lambda's biological activities. Rhesus macaques (<em>Macaca mulatta</em>) are supposedly more suitable for translational studies on interferon lambda-associated human diseases, yet little is known about their IFNLR1 (mmuIFNLR1). In this study, we cloned the coding sequence of mmu<em>IFNLR1</em>, examined its variants, and determined the distribution of mmuIFNLR1 mRNA and immunoreactivity in the buccal mucosa and arm skin of normal and immunodeficiency virus (SHIV/SIV) infected rhesus macaques. It was found that mmuIFNLR1 has 93.1% amino acid sequence identity to that of humans; all the amino acid residues of mmuIFNLR1 signal peptide, transmembrane region, PxxLxF motif and those essential for ligand binding are identical to that of humans; 6 variants of mmu<em>IFNLR1</em>, including the ones corresponding to that of humans were detected; IFNLR1 immunoreactivity was localized in primarily the epithelia of buccal mucosa and arm skin; SHIV/SIV infection could affect the levels of mmuIFNLR1 mRNA and immunoreactivity. These data expanded our knowledge on mmu<em>IFNLR1</em> and provided a scientific basis for rational use of rhesus macaques in studies of IFN-λ associated human diseases like AIDS. Future studies testing IFNLR1-targeting therapeutics in rhesus macaques were warranted.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 105236"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141884121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The future of amphibian immunology: Opportunities and challenges","authors":"Louise A. Rollins-Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105237","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105237","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Historically, amphibians have been essential to our understanding of vertebrate biology and animal development. Because development from egg to tadpole to adult frog can be directly observed, amphibians contributed greatly to our understanding of not only vertebrate animal development but also the development of the immune system. The South African clawed frog (<em>Xenopus laevis</em>) has been key to many of these findings. For example, using <em>Xenopus</em> as a model, the comparative immunology community learned about the contribution of hematopoietic stem cells to development of the immune system and about the diversity of antibodies, B cells, T cells and antigen presenting cells. Amphibians offer many advantages as unique potential model systems to address questions about immune skin interactions, host responses to mycobacteria, the diverse functions of interferons, and immune and mucosal interactions. However, there are also many challenges to advance the research including the lack of specific reagents and well annotated genomes of diverse species. While much is known, many important questions remain. The aim of this short commentary is to look to the future of comparative immunology of amphibians as a group. By identifying some important questions or “information-deficit” areas of research, I hope to pique the interest of younger developing scientists and persuade funding agencies to continue to support comparative immunology studies including those of amphibians.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 105237"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141893117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of the receptor for IgM (FcμR) by bovine neutrophils","authors":"Florence B. Gilbert ,&nbsp;Pascal Rainard","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105235","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105235","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bovine neutrophils possess a particular set of receptors for immunoglobulins. They have been shown to express a distinctive receptor for IgG₂, and it has long been known that they interact poorly with IgG₁ but that they can use IgM antibodies as opsonins. We show that the binding of labeled IgM was inhibited by unlabeled IgM but not by IgA, suggesting that bovine neutrophils express a specific IgM receptor. The binding of non-aggregated IgM is strong at 4 °C, but shedding occurs at 37 °C. We designed anti-peptide antibodies based on the sequence of the FcμR, the newly described receptor for IgM. These antibodies bound to bovine neutrophils at 4 °C. At 37 °C, labeling was lost, but the loss was inhibited by pretreatment with cytochalasin D, indicating internalization of the receptor after cross-linking by antibodies. Neutrophils that had internalized the receptor were no longer able to bind IgM. Eosinophils showed a low level of FcμR expression. FcμR expression by neutrophils was not increased by stimulation with Toll-like receptor agonists or the complement anaphylatoxin C5a, and decreased by TNF-α. Exposure of neutrophils to IFN-γ for 18 h increased FcμR expression without augmenting the binding of IgG₁ or IgG₂. We confirmed that bovine neutrophils can use IgM to phagocytose and kill bacteria without the help of Complement. Neutrophils that have migrated into the lumen of inflamed lactating mammary glands expressed the FcμR<em>.</em> These results indicate that bovine neutrophils express an IgM receptor, the FcμR, which is functional to contribute to the opsonophagocytosis of bacteria at inflammatory sites. Expression of the FcμR by neutrophils gives IgM a particular importance for the immune defense in the bovine species.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 105235"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0145305X24001071/pdfft?md5=bd82025b5761b960e1d88db3716a747e&pid=1-s2.0-S0145305X24001071-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141862595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of immunoglobulin organization and complexity in mink (Neovison vison)","authors":"Xiaohua Yi ,&nbsp;Yanbo Qiu ,&nbsp;Shuhui Wang ,&nbsp;Xiuzhu Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105234","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105234","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mink are susceptible to viruses such as SARS-CoV-2, H1N1 and H9N2, so they are considered a potential animal model for studying human viral infections. Therefore, it is important to study the immune system of mink. Immunoglobulin (Ig) is an important component of humoral immunity and plays an important role in the body's immune defense. In this study, we described the gene loci structure of mink Ig germline by genome comparison, and analysed the mechanism of expression diversity of mink antibody library by 5′RACE and next-generation sequencing (NGS). The results were as follows: the IgH, Igκ and Igλ loci of mink were located on chromosome 13, chromosome 8 and chromosome 3, respectively, and they had 25, 36 and 7 V genes, 3, 5 and 7 J genes and 10 DH genes, respectively. Mink Ig heavy chain preferred the IGHV1, IGHD2 and IGHJ4 subgroups, κ chain mainly use the IGKV1, IGKJ1 and IGHL4 subgroups, and λ chain mainly use the IGLV3 and IGLJ3 subgroups. Linkage diversity analysis revealed that N nucleotide insertion was the main factor affecting the linkage diversity of mink Igs. On the mutation types of mink Ig Somatic Hypermutation (SHM), the high mutation types of heavy chain were mainly G &gt; A, C &gt; T, T &gt; C, A &gt; G, C &gt; A, G &gt; T, A &gt; C, and T &gt; G; the high mutation types of κ chain were G &gt; A and T &gt; C; and the high mutation types of λ chain were G &gt; A and A &gt; G. The objective of this study was to analyse the loci structure and expression diversity of Ig in mink. The results contribute to our comprehension of Ig expression patterns in mink and were valuable for advancing knowledge in mink immunogenetics, exploring the evolution of adaptive immune systems across different species, and conducting comparative genomics research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 105234"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141784759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tick-Borne pathogens and defensin genes expression: A closer look at Ixodes ricinus and Dermacentor reticulatus","authors":"Magdalena Szczotko ,&nbsp;Sandra Antunes ,&nbsp;Ana Domingos ,&nbsp;Katarzyna Kubiak ,&nbsp;Małgorzata Dmitryjuk","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The immune system of ticks, along with that of other invertebrates, is comparatively simpler than that of vertebrates, relying solely on innate immune responses. Direct antimicrobial defence is provided by the synthesis of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), including defensins. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in defensin genes expression between questing and engorged <em>Ixodes ricinus</em> (<em>def1</em> and <em>def2</em>) and <em>Dermacentor reticulatus</em> (<em>defDr</em>) ticks, in the presence of selected pathogens: <em>Borrelia</em> spp., <em>Rickettsia</em> spp., <em>Babesia</em> spp., <em>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</em>, and <em>Neoehrlichia mikurensis</em> in the natural environment. After pathogen screening by PCR/qPCR, the expression of defensin genes in pathogen positive ticks and ticks without any of the tested pathogens, was analysed by reverse transcription qPCR. The results showed an increased expression of defensin genes in <em>I. ricinus</em> ticks after blood feeding and <em>I. ricinus</em> and <em>D. reticulatus</em> ticks during in cases of co-infection. In particular, the expression of defensins genes was higher in questing <em>D. reticulatus</em> than in questing and engorged <em>I. ricinus</em> ticks, when borreliae were detected. This study contributes to uncovering the expression patterns of defensin genes in the presence of several known tick pathogens, the occurrence of these pathogens and possible regulatory mechanisms of defensins in tick vector competence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 105231"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0145305X24001034/pdfft?md5=c37a8a96fd6e6754684f03c3a4de1f6d&pid=1-s2.0-S0145305X24001034-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141745579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lack of signal peptide in insect prophenoloxidase to avoid glycosylation to damage the zymogen activity","authors":"Kai Wu ,&nbsp;Bing Yang ,&nbsp;Rongbing Chen ,&nbsp;Rafia Majeed ,&nbsp;Baoling Li ,&nbsp;Liyuan Gong ,&nbsp;Xuefei Wei ,&nbsp;Jingfeng Yang ,&nbsp;Yingyu Tang ,&nbsp;Aibin Wang ,&nbsp;Shahzad Toufeeq ,&nbsp;Haq Abdul Shaik ,&nbsp;Wuren Huang ,&nbsp;Xuan Guo ,&nbsp;Erjun Ling","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105230","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105230","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Insect prophenoloxidases (PPOs) are important immunity proteins for defending against the invading pathogens and parasites. As a Type-Ⅲ copper-containing proteins, unlike <em>Homo sapiens</em> tyrosinases, the insect PPOs and most bacterial tyrosinases contain no signal peptides for unknown reason, however they can still be released. To this end, we fused different signal peptides to <em>Drosophila melanogaster</em> PPOs for <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> expression, respectively. We demonstrate that an artificial signal peptide can help PPO secretion <em>in vitro</em>. The secreted PPO appeared larger than wild-type PPO on molecular weight sizes due to glycosylation when expressed in S2 cells. Two asparagine residues for potential glycosylation in PPO1 were identified when a signal peptide was fused. After purification, the glycosylated PPO1 lost zymogen activity. When PPO1 containing a signal peptide was over-expressed in <em>Drosophila</em> larvae, the glycosylation and secretion of PPO1 was detected <em>in vivo</em>. Unlike insect PPO, human tyrosinase needs a signal peptide for protein expression and maintaining enzyme activity. An artificial signal peptide fused to bacterial tyrosinase had no influence on the protein expression and enzyme activity. These Type-Ⅲ copper-containing proteins from different organisms may evolve to perform their specific functions. Intriguingly, our study revealed that the addition of calcium inhibits PPO secretion from the transiently cultured larval hindguts <em>in vitro</em>, indicating that the calcium concentration may regulate PPO secretion. Taken together, insect PPOs can maintain enzyme activities without any signal peptide.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 105230"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141726961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complement system molecules: Expression and regulation at the maternal-conceptus interface during pregnancy in pigs","authors":"Soohyung Lee,&nbsp;Inkyu Yoo,&nbsp;Yugyeong Cheon,&nbsp;Hakhyun Ka","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105229","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105229","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The complement system, composed of complement components and complement control proteins, plays an essential role in innate immunity. Complement system molecules are expressed at the maternal-conceptus interface, and inappropriate activation of the complement system is associated with various adverse pregnancy outcomes in humans and rodents. However, the expression, regulation, and function of the complement system at the maternal-conceptus interface in pigs have not been studied. In this study, we investigated the expression, localization, and regulation of complement system molecules at the maternal-conceptus interface in pigs. Complement components and complement control proteins were expressed in the endometrium, early-stage conceptus, and chorioallantoic tissues during pregnancy. The expression of complement components acting on the early stage of complement activation increased in the endometrium on Day 15 of pregnancy, with greater levels on that day compared with the estrous cycle. Localization of several complement components and complement control proteins was cell-type specific in the endometrium. The expression of <em>C1QC</em>, <em>C2</em>, <em>C3</em>, <em>C4A</em>, <em>CFI</em>, <em>ITGB2</em>, <em>MASP1</em>, and <em>SERPING1</em> was increased by IFNG in endometrial explant tissues. Furthermore, cleaved C3 fragments were detected in endometrial tissues and uterine flushings on Day 15 of the estrous cycle and Day 15 of pregnancy, with greater levels on Day 15 of pregnancy. These results suggest that complement system molecules in pigs expressed at the maternal-conceptus interface play important roles in the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy by regulating innate immunity and modulating the maternal immune environment during pregnancy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 105229"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141616109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}