Developmental and comparative immunology最新文献

{"title":"Advances in the use of dietary β-glucan in aquaculture: Structural insights, immunological benefits, and feed applications","authors":"Yue Kong ,&nbsp;Saikun Pan ,&nbsp;Shengjun Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105476","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105476","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>β-glucan, a bioactive polysaccharide derived from fungi, yeast, grains, and algae, has become a versatile element in aquaculture feeding. This review thoroughly examines the structural differences, extraction techniques, and purification methods of β-glucans, correlating these characteristics with their biological effectiveness. Particular attention is given to their antioxidant, immunomodulatory, antibacterial, and hypolipidemic properties, along with their integration into functional diets to enhance aquatic animal performance. β-glucan supplementation has demonstrated effectiveness in enhancing development, augmenting disease resistance, and fortifying stress tolerance in many aquatic species by altering innate immunity, oxidative equilibrium, and metabolic functions. The fundamental mechanisms, encompassing receptor-mediated signaling pathways and dose-dependent responses, are meticulously examined. Furthermore, issues pertaining to delivery techniques, structural integrity, and practical use are examined. This investigation underscores β-glucan as a viable and sustainable substitute for antibiotics in enhancing aquaculture health and productivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105476"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145129899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening for C-type lectin receptor (CLR)/bacteria interactions using a bovine CLR-Fc fusion protein library reveals recognition of Pasteurella multocida B:2 by MICL","authors":"Samira Christin Görig ,&nbsp;Yeliz Gün ,&nbsp;Dimitri Leonid Lindenwald ,&nbsp;Jochen Meens ,&nbsp;Hans-Joachim Schuberth ,&nbsp;Bernd Lepenies","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105474","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105474","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are an essential component of the innate immune system. Myeloid C-type-lectin receptors (CLRs) serve as PRRs and play a crucial role in pathogen recognition. While the role of CLRs has been mainly studied in mice and humans, their function in cattle is poorly understood. To address this gap, we generated a novel bovine CLR-hFc fusion protein library, enabling high-throughput screening of bovine CLR/pathogen interactions.</div><div>The functionality of the bovine CLR-hFc fusion proteins was validated with known CLR ligands using ELISA- and flow cytometry-based binding assays, by comparison of bovine CLRs with their murine, ovine and human orthologues. In a proof-of-principle pathogen binding study, we assessed CLR binding to <em>Pasteurella (P.) multocida,</em> a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen causing hemorrhagic septicemia in cattle. The bovine CLR myeloid inhibitory C-type lectin (MICL, Clec12A) was identified as a potential receptor for <em>P. multocida</em>, as it exhibited significant binding in flow cytometry binding assays. Cross-species analysis confirmed that murine and ovine MICL also binds <em>P. multocida</em>, suggesting an evolutionarily conserved recognition.</div><div>To explore MICL-dependent innate responses to <em>P. multocida</em>-derived factors, cytokine assays were performed using dendritic cells (DCs) from wild-type (WT) and MICL-deficient (MICL^−/−) mice. MICL^−/− DCs produced higher levels of IL-6 and IL-12 upon stimulation with heat-killed <em>P. multocida</em>, suggesting a role for MICL in the down-modulation of innate responses.</div><div>The results highlight MICL as a receptor in the recognition of <em>P. multocida</em> and demonstrate the utility of the generated bovine CLR-hFc fusion protein library for pathogen screening.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105474"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145124514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peripheral blood mononuclear cell-driven cytokine and transcription factors induction confers resistance to Haemonchus contortus in Black Bengal goats","authors":"Nurnabi Ahmed ,&nbsp;Babul Chandra Roy ,&nbsp;Amitav Biswas ,&nbsp;Md Rajiur Rahaman Rabbi ,&nbsp;Md Mahfuzur Rahman Sajib ,&nbsp;Mohammad Manjurul Hasan ,&nbsp;Hiranmoy Biswas ,&nbsp;MD Hasanuzzaman Talukder","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105470","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105470","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Haemonchus contortus</em> is a major threat to small ruminant health and productivity. Although early Th2 cytokine and transcription factor expression confers protection in naturally resistant breeds, the immune basis of resistance in Black Bengal goats (BBG) remains unexplored. We compare early PBMC-mediated cytokine and transcriptional responses and their direct effects on larval motility between naive and primed BBG kids during the first seven days of infection. Kids were primed with 2000 L₃ weekly for four weeks or left naive, then challenged with 10,000 L₃. Two kids per group were sacrificed on each time point. Whole blood was collected pre-mortem for differential counts and PBMC isolation, while abomasal mucosa and draining LN were harvested for histology and RNA extraction. Primed kids exhibited a 58 % reduction in abomasal L₄ burden by day 7, elevated PCV (<em>p &lt;</em> 0.05), and a threefold greater increase in LN weight compared to naive kids. Histopathology revealed significantly enhanced eosinophil and neutrophil infiltration in abomasal mucosa of primed kids. Cytokine and gene expression assay showed early upregulation of Interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-33, MCP-1, CXCL-1, TLR-2, and GAL-14 (p &lt; 0.05). <em>In vitro</em>, co-culture with primed PBMCs reduced L₃ motility compared to naive PBMCs (p &lt; 0.01) and L₃ pretreated with primed PBMCs resulted in a 60 % reduction in fecal egg counts by week 5 (p &lt; 0.001). This is the first study to integrate daily PBMC transcriptomics with functional motility and infectivity assays in BBGs. The findings identify novel biomarkers, inform selective breeding and immunoprophylactic strategies for sustainable parasite control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105470"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional characterization of complement receptor 3 (CR3) in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): Insights into CD11b/CD18-mediated immunity against bacterial infections","authors":"Yang Lei ,&nbsp;Weiheng Shi ,&nbsp;Yanxi Guo ,&nbsp;Yuqing Lin ,&nbsp;Jianmin Ye ,&nbsp;Liting Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105469","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105469","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Complement receptor 3 (CR3), also known as integrin αMβ2, CD11b/CD18, or Mac-1, is a heterodimeric leukocyte-specific integrin composed of the αM (CD11b) and β2 (CD18) subunits. To elucidate the role of CR3 in immunity in Nile tilapia (<em>Oreochromis niloticus</em>), we cloned and characterized the αM (<em>On</em>CD11b) and β2 (<em>On</em>CD18) subunits and investigated their functions both <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em>. Sequence analysis revealed that <em>On</em>CD11b contains a 3378-bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a protein of 1128 amino acids (124.7 kDa), while <em>On</em>CD18 comprises a 2337-bp ORF encoding 778 amino acids (85.7 kDa). Structural alignment demonstrated high degree of conservation in the von Willebrand factor type A (vWFA) domains of both subunits, with significant homology to CD11b and CD18 orthologs across species. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that <em>On</em>CD11b and <em>On</em>CD18 cluster within the teleost-specific CD11b and CD18 clades, respectively. Tissue-specific expression profiling indicated predominant expression of <em>On</em>CD11b in the head kidney and <em>On</em>CD18 in the spleen. Both subunits were significantly upregulated in these tissues following challenges with <em>Streptococcus agalactiae</em> (<em>S. agalactiae</em>) and <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em> (<em>A. hydrophila</em>), suggesting their involvement in pathogen-induced immune responses. <em>In vitro</em> functional assays demonstrated that the recombinant vWFA domains of <em>On</em>CD11b and <em>On</em>CD18 exhibited specific binding capacity to <em>S. agalactiae</em>, <em>A. hydrophila</em>, and lipopolysaccharide, highlighting their role as pattern recognition receptors. Crucially, <em>in vivo</em> knockdown of <em>On</em>CD11b or <em>On</em>CD18 resulted in a significant increase in bacterial load in tilapia tissues following <em>S. agalactiae</em> infection, underscoring their essential role in host defense. These findings collectively demonstrate that <em>On</em>CD11b and <em>On</em>CD18 are pivotal components of the immune system in Nile tilapia, facilitating bacterial clearance through direct pathogen recognition pathway. This study provides new insights into the evolutionarily conserved mechanisms of CR3-mediated immunity and potential therapeutic targets for bacterial infections in aquaculture species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105469"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145098908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional MDA5 knockout in CHSE-214 cells decreases the response to long dsRNA and enhances Chum Salmon Reovirus susceptibility","authors":"Shayne Oberhoffner ,&nbsp;Mathilde Peruzzi ,&nbsp;Bertrand Collet ,&nbsp;Stephanie DeWitte-Orr","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105466","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105466","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many organisms express sensors that detect long dsRNA, a nucleic acid produced by almost all viruses during replication. These subcellular compartment-specific pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) detect viral replication and rapidly induce a generalist immune response mediated by type I interferon and interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). In this study, the role of melanoma differentiation-associated protein (MDA)5, a cytoplasmic sensor of long dsRNA, was measured in CHSE-214 cells that have been genetically modified for MDA5 to either to be non-functional (frameshift mutation; MDA5C1) or have a silent point mutation (MDA5C2). These cells were transfected with long dsRNA of either 659bp or 334bp in length, and their ability to induce ISG transcript expression (<em>Mx1, vig-3</em> and <em>vig-4</em>) was measured by RT-qPCR. MDA5C1 produced significantly less <em>Mx1, vig-3</em> and <em>vig-4</em> transcripts compared to MDA5C2 when treated with the 659bp dsRNA molecule, while there was no difference between cell lines in <em>Mx1</em> expression levels when induced by a 334 bp dsRNA molecule. MDA5C1 was more susceptible to CSV than MDA5C2, and dsRNA treatment was able to protect both cell lines from CSV infection. However, there were no length dependent effects observed, nor were there differences in dsRNA-mediated protection between cell lines. This data suggests that salmonid MDA5 has a length preference similar to mammals, with longer dsRNA molecules being better ligands for this receptor. It also suggests that MDA5 may play a role in the antiviral response against CSV but the antiviral response is not dependent on MDA5. These are important findings for understanding the fundamental importance of MDA5 in the antiviral response of salmonids.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105466"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145091341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Integrin β1 and its effects on cell adhesion, migration and apoptosis in Sebastes schlegelii","authors":"Xiaohua Yuan ,&nbsp;Xinqing Ma ,&nbsp;Haitao Sun ,&nbsp;Min Zhang ,&nbsp;Jingjing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105467","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105467","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Integrin β1, a transmembrane receptor, plays a pivotal role in regulating cell adhesion, migration, signal transduction, and apoptosis in diverse tissues and cell types. In this study, we identified <em>integrin β1</em> from <em>Sebastes schlegelii</em> (<em>SsITGβ1</em>). The <em>SsITGβ1</em> cDNA spans 4017 bp, including a 332 bp 5′ untranslated region (UTR), a 1285 bp 3′ UTR, and a 2400 bp open reading frame (ORF). The cytoplasmic tail contains two conserved motifs, NPIY and NPKY. Its protein comprises a signal peptide, an INB domain, an EGF-2 domain, an integrin-B-tail domain, a transmembrane domain, and an integrin-β-cyt domain. Phylogenetic and homology analyses revealed that integrin β1 is highly conserved among vertebrates. Tissue-specific expression analysis revealed that <em>SsITGβ1</em> mRNA levels were highest in liver tissue. In the stimulation experiment of <em>Edwardsiella piscicida</em>, the expression of <em>SsITGβ1</em> in spleen tissues changed significantly. Subcellular localization confirmed that <em>SsITGβ1</em> is located in the cell membrane. Furthermore, in the <em>S. schlegelii</em> intestinal cell line, assays for cell-matrix adhesion, wound healing, and flow cytometry demonstrated that the overexpression of <em>SsITGβ1</em> (via the plasmid pcDNA3.1-<em>SsITGβ1</em>) enhanced cell adhesion, promoted migration, and reduced apoptosis. In contrast, knockdown of <em>SsITGβ1</em> using small interfering RNA resulted in the opposite effects. Analysis of mRNA changes in <em>SsITGβ1</em>-regulated genes indicated that <em>SsITGβ1</em> may influence the aforementioned cellular activities via the <em>FAK</em>/<em>ILK</em>/<em>RhoA</em> and <em>Bcl-2</em>/<em>IL-1β</em>/<em>TGF-β1</em> signaling pathways. This study offers a comprehensive characterization and functional analysis of integrin β1 in <em>S. schlegelii</em>, establishing a foundation for investigating its role in the regulatory mechanisms of immune responses and cellular activities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105467"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145091349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clip-domain serine proteinases and their homologs: Role in crustacean immunity","authors":"Walaiporn Charoensapsri ,&nbsp;Miti Jearaphunt ,&nbsp;Chanprapa Imjongjirak ,&nbsp;Piti Amparyup","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105465","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105465","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Clip-domain serine proteinases (clip-SPs) and their non-catalytic serine proteinase homologs (SPHs) constitute a highly conserved protein family that plays a critical role in the innate immunity of crustaceans. These extracellular proteolytic enzymes contain one or more N-terminal clip domains and a C-terminal serine proteinase or proteinase-like domain. Their classification as either catalytically active clip-SPs or inactive SPHs is based on the presence or absence of a conserved catalytic triad (His-Asp-Ser). This review provides a comprehensive overview of their structural features, molecular classification, and occurrence across diverse crustacean species. Clip-SPs and SPHs act as key modulators of the innate immune system. They mediate proteolytic activation of the prophenoloxidase (proPO) cascade, which drives the melanization response, and coordinate antimicrobial and antiviral defenses to limit pathogen proliferation and promote immune clearance. They also influence the transcription of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), likely via molecular cross-talk between the proPO cascade and Toll signaling pathway. This review summarizes current knowledge of clip-SPs and SPHs in crustaceans, emphasizing their integrative function and potential relevance to host defense mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105465"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145085245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elucidating the regulatory role of Nrf2 in Beclin1-mediated autophagy in freshwater bivalve Hyriopsis cumingii","authors":"Yuzhuo He,&nbsp;Shaoyu Hu,&nbsp;Qinglin Yang,&nbsp;Xiaobo Yu,&nbsp;Yanhong Li,&nbsp;Zhengli Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105460","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105460","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Beclin1</em> is a central regulator of autophagy and cellular homeostasis, playing a critical role in the adaptation to environmental stress. Despite its importance, the expression patterns and regulatory mechanisms of <em>Beclin1</em> in bivalves remain poorly understood. In this work, we cloned the <em>Beclin1</em> gene from <em>Hyriopsis cumingii</em> (designated <em>HcBeclin1</em>) and investigated its regulatory interaction with nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (<em>Hc</em>Nrf2). The full-length <em>HcBeclin1</em> cDNA was 1365 bp and encoded a conserved open reading frame, sharing high sequence similarity with homologous genes in other species. Reverse transcription quantitative PCR analysis revealed that <em>HcBeclin1</em> expression was significantly upregulated in the gills, hepatopancreas, and hemolymph in response to H₂O₂-induced oxidative stress. Notably, the expression levels of <em>HcBeclin1</em> in the gills and hemolymph correlated positively with those of <em>HcNrf2</em> under stress conditions. RNA interference experiments demonstrated that silencing <em>HcNrf2</em> led to a marked downregulation of <em>HcBeclin1</em>, suggesting a regulatory relationship. The promoter region of <em>HcBeclin1</em> was obtained through high-efficiency Thermal Asymmetric Interlaced PCR, revealing five putative <em>Hc</em>Nrf2 binding sites. Luciferase reporter assays identified a critical binding site within −937 to −663 bp region of the promoter, which was essential for transcriptional activation. Functional assays further confirmed that <em>Hc</em>Nrf2 regulated <em>HcBeclin1</em> expression by binding to specific cis-acting elements within its promoter. These findings offer new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying autophagy regulation in bivalves and highlight the pivotal role of <em>HcBeclin1</em> in mediating cellular responses to oxidative stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 105460"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145047728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Putative orthologues of natural killer cell receptors and ligands in shrimp","authors":"Liping Zheng ,&nbsp;Omkar Vijay Byadgi ,&nbsp;Mostafa Rakhshaninejad ,&nbsp;Hans Nauwynck","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105459","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105459","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In vertebrates, natural killer (NK) cells play an important role in innate immunity. They detect target cells by receptor-ligand interactions and become activated or inhibited by a variety of cell surface activating and inhibitory receptors. In invertebrates, the defense against pathogens relies entirely on innate immunity, of which haemocytes are the only immune cells. In shrimp, two subpopulations of non-adherent, non-phagocytic, lymphocyte-like haemocytes were identified to have an NK-like activity. It is postulated now that they also may use the NK-like recognition mechanism by receptors and ligands. By searching for NK receptor genes in the shrimp genome database (already identified and described as such or by aligning the sequence of mammalian NK receptors with the shrimp genome), several receptors, such as tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), semaphorins (SEMAs), sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (SIGLECs) and their corresponding ligands were discovered. The domain structure of these receptors and ligands were described and compared with those of mammalian domains, revealing 13 %–64 % similarity between them. The identification of shrimp NK cell surface receptors and their signaling pathways is primarily summarized in this review. Understanding the molecular interactions between NK-like receptors and their corresponding ligands in shrimp will help enhance our understanding of invertebrate immunology and controlling infectious diseases in shrimp aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 105459"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145047727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molt dampens pro-inflammatory cytokine production during the acute phase response to lipopolysaccharide in the domestic chicken (Gallus domesticus)","authors":"A.M. DeRogatis,&nbsp;R.A. Hernandez,&nbsp;J.C. Suico,&nbsp;K.C. Klasing","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105461","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105461","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There are a variety of nutritionally costly life stages that birds must balance with investments in the immune system, yet much remains unknown about how the process of molt impacts immunity. For chickens, similar to other birds, molt is characterized by periodic feather shedding and replacement along with broader physiological changes like reproductive quiescent. To investigate how molt modulates innate immunity, mRNA expression and the plasma concentration of key cytokines were evaluated following an acute phase response induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS-APR). Laying hens were challenged with an intraperitoneal injection of LPS at 1.5 mg/kg of body weight during the peak feather production period of an induced molt. Cytokine expression was evaluated in the liver, spleen, and plasma 4 h post-injection. Molting hens had reduced expression of certain pro-inflammatory cytokines, with the most significant reduction occurring in expression of IL-6 in the liver. This trend occurred even when the number of molted feathers varied in the fully feather UCD-003 or sparsely feathered Scaleless High hens. Importantly, molting hens failed to significantly increase plasma levels of IL-1β and IL-6 to those observed in the non-molting birds in response to LPS. A reduction in the expression of key pro-inflammatory cytokines, especially those involved in the febrile response and hepatic immune function, suggest that molt may reduce the availability of nutrients and energy needed to support the acute phase response to LPS. This attenuation is likely a mechanism to allow both molt and an innate immune response to progress during an energetic or nutritional bottleneck.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105461"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145039379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}