Languages and Folklore of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia最新文献

{"title":"Complicating adverbials in the Orok sentence: structure and semantics","authors":"L. Ozolinya","doi":"10.25205/2312-6337-2023-1-26-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2312-6337-2023-1-26-38","url":null,"abstract":"Complicating adverbials are represented in the Orok language by non-predicative possessive constructions, verbal nouns of “complex semantics.” As a universal semantic category for expressing attributive relations between names, possessiveness has specific expression mechanisms in each language. In the Tungus-Manchu languages, possessiveness is formalized by attributive possessive constructions. Traditionally, semantic relations between the components of a possessive construction are implemented at the level of a two-term structure, with the first component being the name-possessor and the second component being the object of possession (exclusively a noun), formed by a markerrelator (possessive suffix). Depending on the grammatical class of the first component (the possessor), possessive constructions are characterized as substantive and pronominative, the latter derepresented by personal and reflexive ones occupying the position of an adverbial in the sentence and regarded as “complicating” in terms of semantics. The verbal nouns of “complex semantics” are traditionally referred to as verb forms: “simultaneous form,” “conditional-temporal form,” “purpose form,” “conditionally concessive form,” and “failed action form.” These verbal nouns occupy the syntactic positions of the adverbials of time, purpose, condition, concession, or unachieved purpose in the sentence as part of a possessive construction. The semantic equivalents of these adverbials in Russian are phrases of possessive pronouns with prepositional-case forms of a noun, or clauses of the corresponding categories in complex sentences, attached by subordinating conjunctions or allied words. This work describes the inventory of complicating adverbials manifested in possessive constructions with verbal nouns of special ancient paradigms in terms of structure and semantics.","PeriodicalId":112261,"journal":{"name":"Languages and Folklore of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132323331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Сharms and spells from a dislocation in the oral tradition of the Middle Irtysh region","authors":"V. Moskvina","doi":"10.25205/2312-6337-2019-2-26-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2312-6337-2019-2-26-32","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the spells of one functional-thematic group recorded in the Middle Irtysh region. The features of existence of these spells in the regional tradition of the Middle Irtysh region and versification of their plots are re- vealed. The prevalence of spells in cause of a wrench in the two Northern districts of Omsk region is caused by the settle- ment of Belarusians in these places in the late XIX – early XX centuries. This suggests that the place of the exodus tra- dition of the spells from a wrench is in Belarus. The analysis of the plots of these spells confirms this assumption. The method of examining the Siberian plots is based on the systematization of structural elements of plots proposed by T. A. Agapkina and A. L. Toporkov which researchers call episodes. The article compares the episodes of the second Mersebourg spell in Belarusian spells with Siberian texts. The comparison shows that the language of this spells being subjected to Russification. On the one hand, this leads to the loss of some motives and formulas, i.e. the violation of the integrity of the plot, on the other hand, the rhythm of the text is enhanced, the rhyme appears. These processes open the way to the penetration of verbal components from other functional groups into the considered spells. As the result, one can observe the extension of ideas that this disease is not necessarily associated with the violation of integrity of the body.","PeriodicalId":112261,"journal":{"name":"Languages and Folklore of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia","volume":"98-B 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128479457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgut Khanty vowel system based on electromagnetic articulography data","authors":"T. Timkin","doi":"10.25205/2312-6337-2021-2-9-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2312-6337-2021-2-9-24","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with the quality features of Surgut Khanty vowels obtained by an electromagnetic articulography experiment with one native speaker of the dialect. During the experiment, coordinates of the sensors placed on the speaker’s tongue and lips were tracked with an electromagnetic field. In total, approximately 350 isolated phonetic words were recorded. The coordinates of the tongue sensor placed on the dorsum and the interlabial distance calculated from the data of two sensors on the lower and upper lips were used for the analysis. The articulography data confirm some observations made earlier with audition and acoustic techniques: there are mid-row vowels (/ɨː/ and some allophones of /ʉ/, /ɘ/, /ʊː/), mid-closed vowels (/ɘ/, /o/, /oː/), and mid-open vowels (/ɛ/, /ɔ/, /ɔː/) in the dialect. It has been shown that when using the proposed sensor displacement, the horizontal coordinate is informative for the vowel row, the vertical coordinate correlates with the vowel openness, and the interlabial distance corresponds to the openness and the rounding. At the same time, the displacement used was found to be not always indicative for distinguishing the low and low-open vowels and pharyngeal features.","PeriodicalId":112261,"journal":{"name":"Languages and Folklore of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126934602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Military culture in the heroic legends of the peoples of Siberia and the Far East","authors":"S. A. Unru","doi":"10.25205/2312-6337-2021-2-111-118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2312-6337-2021-2-111-118","url":null,"abstract":"The paper studies the military culture of indigenous peoples in heroic epos of the Tungus-Manchurian, Ob-Ugric, and Paleo-Asiatic peoples. The Evenk folklore reflects the period of wars with Changites and Deptygirs. The descriptions of the bogatyrs’ battles with enemies show a special formula condemning the confrontation. High-status characters warn the warriors of their responsibility to the spirits for the destruction. In Chukchi and Koryak folklore, some peoples unite to fight against others for land and deer herds. The heroes protect the community and family honor by following the custom of blood feuds. There are still legends about wars and ancestors’ attempts to make a truce. The main Khanty and Mansi heroic tales are about the military campaigns for matchmaking or blood feuds, fights for deer, and territorial claims, the plots often ending with a peace agreement. Also, the battle could be for deer herds, grazing, prisoners, often resulting in bloodshed. One enemy would be left alive to inform tribesmen about the end of the war. The legends describe peace agreements confirmed by a joint meal. Folklore translates the peaceful life value and condemns war. The relations of Siberian and Far Eastern ethnic groups have been developing for centuries. They share the history of struggle for territories and resources, marriage and trade relations, heroic competitions. Northern ethnic legends tell about the contacts and wars with the nearest neighbors and the importance of peaceful coexistence. The folklore descriptions of military ethics and formulas calling for peace form a culture of inter-ethnic interaction.","PeriodicalId":112261,"journal":{"name":"Languages and Folklore of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124820807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the structural organization of ritual songs of the Kazym Khanty Bear Feast: songs of the gods luck mish ar and prayer-songs poekty ar","authors":"A. Grinevich","doi":"10.25205/2312-6337-2019-1-46-52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2312-6337-2019-1-46-52","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the plot construction principles of ritual songs of the bear feast of Kazym Khanty. The ritual songs of a bear feast are characterized by multilevel text structure. In the field of view of the author are 8 mish songs (the songs of deity luck) and 7 poekty songs (prayers to a great gods). Comparing of mish songs the author distinguishes its two main types: male and female mish songs which are characterized by the following constant elements in the structure of the narrative: beginning; the description of the house of the deity; deity goes out of house; deity gets news from a crow; deity picks up; deity arrives to a bear feast; deity performs a dance that brings good luck in hunting. The number of constant motifs in poekty prayer songs is fewer: the description of the house in which the great deity sits; deity writes destinies; deity picks up; final: deity performs a dance that makes people’s life better. Thereby the typicality of the mish and poekty songs is of different degrees. Male and female deities in mish songs have a large number of similarities. But the prayer-songs dedicated to great deities are more individual.","PeriodicalId":112261,"journal":{"name":"Languages and Folklore of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122222983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"About the grammar of the Khakas Language by N. P. Dyrenkova","authors":"I. M. Chebochakova","doi":"10.25205/2312-6337-2019-2-85-88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2312-6337-2019-2-85-88","url":null,"abstract":"In 2018, the first grammar of the Khakass language, written within the academic traditions of that time by the fa-mous Turkologist Nadezhda Petrovna Dyrenkova, was 80 years old. Also, may 31, 2019 marks the 120th anniversary of the birth of this outstanding scientist. These two dates, as well as the need to familiarize the Khakass public with the publication, which has become a bibliographic rarity, and its author in the light of the increasing interest in the society to the Khakass language explains the relevance of this article. Nadezhda Petrovna's research talent allowed her to create the first scientific grammar of the modern Khakass language, which served as the basis for writing the following aca-demic grammar. One of its important aspects can be considered to be the focus on the explanation of the peculiarities of the use of units of language in speech, that is, its practical nature.","PeriodicalId":112261,"journal":{"name":"Languages and Folklore of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130502043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proverbial conceptualization of the common Turkic zoolexeme аt ‘horse’ (based on the material of the Khakass language)","authors":"M. Chertykova","doi":"10.25205/2312-6337-2019-2-78-84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2312-6337-2019-2-78-84","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides a semantic-cognitive analysis of the ethnocultural components of the common Turkic zoolex-eme ат ‘horse’, as a unit of the proverbial picture of the world. The proverbial picture of the world is a fragment of the linguistic picture of the world, which is a linguoculturological and cognitive model of various thematic proverbial groups. The structure of Khakassian proverbs and sayings has phonostylistic features: the obligatory presence of rhyme, assessment of various characteristics of a person and other phenomena of everyday life, figuratively associative com-parison of any properties of a person with objects of nature, including the endowment of animals with traits of a per-son’s character. Thus, the structure of all the proverbs and sayings we analyze is different in using the method of com-parative parallelism, for example, a child and a foal, a man and a horse. In the Khakass worldview philosophy, en-shrined in paremias, ат ‘horse’ is perceived as a true friend, ally and assistant of a person, in particular a man. The proverbs and sayings emphasize the relationship between man and horse, draw a figurative parallel of the positive and negative qualities of their characters, the careful and respectful attitude of man to the horse. In the Khakass national worldview, the horse is also a symbol of prosperity, well-being, therefore, it can also appear in traditional well-wishes, in reflections on the themes of eternity, time, life and death, for example, Ат öлзе, изері халар (Mudroe, 2014, p. 6) ‘Nothing disappears without a trace (lit. if a horse dies, a saddle remains)’. This proverb implies the idea that even if a person leaves this world, his good deeds will remain. The study showed the interconnection of the language and worldview culture of the Khakass ethnic group, which takes a basis in the everyday life of a nomadic society and mani-fests itself in fixed sayings, where the acting character is one of the main symbols of the Turkic world – ат ‘horse’. As far as we know, such signs are broadcast in the proverbial picture of the world and other Turkic peoples, thereby we can note the universality of the peculiarities of updating the ат ‘horse’ concept.","PeriodicalId":112261,"journal":{"name":"Languages and Folklore of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132763959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intonation of imperative statements of the Teleut language: 20th century and early 21st century","authors":"E. Shestera","doi":"10.25205/2312-6337-2022-2-85-99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2312-6337-2022-2-85-99","url":null,"abstract":"Acoustic analysis of the intonation of imperative statements of the Teleut language revealed some patterns in the development of the Teleut intonation system. The new data were compared with those obtained by F. A. Kim when studying similar linguistic material. These patterns are in line with the science of language and are explained by the linguistic situation of the endangered Teleut language. Thus, the new tendencies can be seen in the pronunciation of bilingual speakers of a younger generation. In turn, the features described by F. A. Kim are more characteristic of the speech of the older generation speakers, who consider the Teleut language to be their native language. Each utterance was characterized as having a rheme with a zero topic. The rheme in short imperative statements representing a request, demand, advice, or order was found to have a globally increasing pitch or may be characterized as a fall-rise or rise-fall pitch movement.","PeriodicalId":112261,"journal":{"name":"Languages and Folklore of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114880803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subjunctive Mood in the Altai Language","authors":"A. Ozonova","doi":"10.25205/2312-6337-2019-1-74-83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2312-6337-2019-1-74-83","url":null,"abstract":"Semantics of subjunctive mood are expressed in most Turkic languages, however, subjunctive mood itself is not always included in the system of grammatical mood forms in descriptive grammars of specific languages. Analytical forms consisting of future tense participles of the main verbs and past tense forms of the auxiliary verbs serve as subjunctive mood markers in Turkic languages (excluding Khakas). In the following article, we analyze the structure, semantics, and functioning of the Altai subjunctive mood. The following analytical forms serve as subjunctive mood markers: -ar/-bas edi и -ɣaj/-baɣaj edi. The first form consists of the future-present tense participial form with -ar/-bas and the auxiliary verb e- ‘to be, to become’ in the past tense form with -di; the second one consists of the desiderative form -ɣaj and the same auxiliary verb e- ‘to be, to become’ in the past tense form with -di. The form -ar/-bas edi is the base form actively functioning as expression of subjunctive mood. In the Altai language, subjunctive mood functions actively in conditional and, less commonly, in conditional-concessive constructions. Subjunctive mood marks the main parts of these constructions and predicates in simple sentences. Subjunctive mood denotes contrafactive situations in the past, and hypothetical situations in the future. Contrafactive situations are not real. They never happened in the past, do not exist in the present, and will not take place in the future. The subjunctive form -ar/-bas edi as a finite predicate in simple sentences also expresses the meaning of non- categoricalness, which is used in dialogues in order to soften the speakers declaration of intent or to make a statement less categorical.","PeriodicalId":112261,"journal":{"name":"Languages and Folklore of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133525434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The work of a lifetime:Interview with Evgenia Nikolaevna Kuz’mina (on her 75th birthday)","authors":"T. V. Dayneko","doi":"10.25205/2312-6337-2022-1-89-99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2312-6337-2022-1-89-99","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":112261,"journal":{"name":"Languages and Folklore of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133231722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}