Diagnostics最新文献

{"title":"Predictive Impact of Hematological and Biochemical Parameters on the Clinical Course of Sarcoidosis.","authors":"Tugba Onyilmaz, Serap Argun Baris, Huseyin Kaya, Ayse Zeynep Pehlivan, Hanife Albayrak, Sena Nur Aktoprak, Hasim Boyaci, Ilknur Basyigit","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics15192501","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diagnostics15192501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease with a highly variable clinical course, and distinguishing it from other diseases and predicting its prognosis can be challenging. In recent years, hematological and biochemical parameters have been investigated as potential biomarkers for assessing inflammation and predicting disease prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of the lactate dehydrogenase-to-albumin ratio (LAR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR). <b>Methods:</b> This retrospective, single-center study included 369 newly diagnosed patients with sarcoidosis who were admitted between January 2020 and October 2024. Sarcoidosis was diagnosed based on current ERS, ATS, and WASOG guidelines. At the 6-month follow-up, patients' clinical courses were classified as regression, stable, or progression based on clinical, radiological, and pulmonary function tests. The predictive values of various hematological and biochemical parameters were analyzed using statistical methods, including binary logistic regression analysis and ROC analysis. <b>Results:</b> A total of 369 patients were included in the study. At the 6-month follow-up, 63.4% of patients showed regression, 21.4% had a stable course, and 15.2% showed progression. The progression group had a significantly higher LAR (5.26 [4.21-7.76]) compared to the stable/regression group (4.59 [3.82-5.86]) (<i>p</i> = 0.033). Additionally, baseline FVC% (OR, 0.97; <i>p</i> = 0.036) and the presence of dyspnea (OR, 3.08; <i>p</i> = 0.03) were identified as independent risk factors for disease progression. No significant associations were found between NLR, PLR, LMR, and serum ACE levels and the clinical course. The cutoff value of LAR for predicting disease progression was 4.87 (AUC: 0.605), with a sensitivity of 58.8% and specificity of 59.7%. <b>Conclusions:</b> Our study, which is the first to evaluate the prognostic value of LAR in sarcoidosis, identified this parameter as a significant indicator for the clinical course. The finding of significantly higher LAR levels in patients with disease progression suggests its potential as a prognostic biomarker. These results may help guide treatment and follow-up strategies, although further large-scale prospective studies are needed for validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"15 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12523936/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145299161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infrequent, but Not Intricate Radiological and Pathological Diagnosis of Chronic Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction-Presented in a Two Pediatrics Cases of the Visceral Myopathy.","authors":"Monika Kujdowicz, Grażyna Drabik, Damian Młynarski, Katarzyna Jędrzejowska, Wojciech Górecki, Anna Wierdak, Kamila Płachno, Józef Kobos","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics15192503","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diagnostics15192503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obstruction differential diagnosis involves tumors, \"acute abdomen\", and chronic pseudo-obstruction (CIPO). Pediatric CIPO cases have different backgrounds than adults' and impairs development. The cases are rare; diagnosis and treatment are still not well established. Diagnosis is complex; clinical, radiological, molecular, and manometric pathologic data are essential. The performance of broad radiological investigations and manometry is cumbersome in a small intestine. Herein, we present cases of a 14-year-old girl and 11-year-old boy with visceral myopathies (VMs). Presented cases show unique hardship in the analysis of standing and contrast bedside X-ray images-the colon distension alone speaks to Hirschsprung, and the clinicians could not confirm suspected short-segment disease for a long time. VMs are usually diagnosed up to 12 months of life and accompanied by other organ dysfunctions, which are herein absent. The key features here were also the involvement of the small intestine, lack of distant colon contraction, and for the long-lasting case in the boy, loss of haustration. The initial diagnosis relied on clinical data (vomiting, malabsorption, >6-month obstruction, and uncharacteristic biochemical tests), radiology (lack of tumor, enlargement of diameter, and fluid in small and large intestines), and manometry (presence of propagation wave and of anal inhibitory reflex in recto-anal manometry). Examination of intestinal muscle biopsies involved hematoxylin-eosin, trichrome-Masson staining, and immunohistochemistry. The characteristics were fibrosis, small vacuoles, muscle layer thinning, and decreased expression of smooth muscle actin and desmin. The localization of biopsies was chosen after X-ray examination, due to interruption and with various degree changes. The final diagnosis was put forward after the analysis of all accessible data. The diagnosis of VM underlines the importance of interdisciplinary co-work. An earlier intestine muscle biopsy and well-designed molecular panel might fasten the process of diagnosis. Deeper exploration of phenotype-genotype correlation of various VM presentations in the future is crucial for personalized treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"15 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12523942/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145299166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing REM Sleep as a Biomarker for Depression Using Consumer Wearables.","authors":"Roland Stretea, Zaki Milhem, Vadim Fîntînari, Cătălina Angela Crișan, Alexandru Stan, Dumitru Petreuș, Ioana Valentina Micluția","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics15192498","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diagnostics15192498","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep disinhibition-shorter REM latency and a larger nightly REM fraction-is a well-described laboratory correlate of major depression. Whether the same pattern can be captured efficiently with consumer wearables in everyday settings remains unclear. We therefore quantified REM latency and proportion of REM sleep out of total sleep duration (labeled \"REM sleep coefficient\") from Apple Watch recordings and examined their association with depressive symptoms. <b>Methods:</b> 191 adults wore an Apple Watch for 15 consecutive nights while a custom iOS app streamed raw accelerometry and heart-rate data. Sleep stages were scored with a neural-network model previously validated against polysomnography. REM latency and REM sleep coefficient were averaged per participant. Depressive severity was assessed twice with the Beck Depression Inventory and averaged. Descriptive statistics, normality tests, Spearman correlations, and ordinary-least-squares regressions were performed. <b>Results:</b> Mean ± SD values were BDI 13.52 ± 6.79, REM sleep coefficient 24.05 ± 6.52, and REM latency 103.63 ± 15.44 min. REM latency correlated negatively with BDI (Spearman ρ = -0.673, <i>p</i> < 0.001), whereas REM sleep coefficient correlated positively (ρ = 0.678, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Combined in a bivariate model, the two REM metrics explained 62% of variance in depressive severity. <b>Conclusions:</b> Wearable-derived REM latency and REM proportion jointly capture a large share of depressive-symptom variability, indicating their potential utility as accessible digital biomarkers. Larger longitudinal and interventional studies are needed to determine whether modifying REM architecture can alter the course of depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"15 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12523841/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145299005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unilateral Vocal Cord Paralysis Diagnosed with Dynamic Digital Radiography.","authors":"Michaela Cellina","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics15192502","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diagnostics15192502","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Flexible laryngoscopy (FL) is the standard diagnostic tool for vocal cord paralysis (VCP), but it involves patient discomfort, and its interpretation is subjective and operator-dependent. Dynamic digital radiography (DDR) is a novel imaging technique that acquires high-resolution sequential radiographs at a low radiation dose. While DDR has been widely applied in chest and diaphragmatic imaging, its use for laryngeal motion analysis has been poorly investigated. We present the case of a 50-year-old male referred for Computed Tomography (CT) of the neck and chest for suspected vocal cord paralysis. The referring physician did not specify the side of the suspected paralysis. Due to a language barrier and the absence of prior documentation, a detailed history could not be obtained. To assess vocal cord motion, we performed, for the first time in our Institution, a DDR study of the neck. During phonation maneuvers, DDR demonstrated fixation of the left vocal cord in an adducted paramedian position. CT confirmed this finding and did not highlight any further anomaly. This case demonstrates the feasibility of DDR as a low-cost, low-dose, non-invasive technique for functional evaluation of the larynx and may represent a valuable complementary imaging tool in laryngeal functional assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"15 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12523813/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145299167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Echoes of Muscle Aging: The Emerging Role of Shear Wave Elastography in Sarcopenia Diagnosis.","authors":"Linda Galasso, Federica Vitale, Manuela Pietramale, Giorgio Esposto, Raffaele Borriello, Irene Mignini, Antonio Gasbarrini, Maria Elena Ainora, Maria Assunta Zocco","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics15192495","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diagnostics15192495","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sarcopenia, a progressive age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function, is a major contributor to disability, reduced quality of life, and mortality in older adults. While current diagnostic approaches, such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computed tomography (CT), are widely used to assess muscle mass, they have limitations in detecting early qualitative changes in muscle architecture and composition. Shear Wave Elastography (SWE), an ultrasound-based technique that quantifies tissue stiffness, has emerged as a promising tool to evaluate both muscle quantity and quality in a non-invasive, portable, and reproducible manner. Studies suggest that SWE can detect alterations in muscle mechanical properties associated with sarcopenia, providing complementary information to traditional morphometric assessments. Preliminary evidence indicates its good reproducibility, feasibility in various clinical settings, and potential for integration into routine evaluations. This narrative review summarizes current evidence on the use of SWE for the assessment of sarcopenia across diverse populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"15 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12523243/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145298934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting Mortality in Older Adults Using Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment: A Comparative Study of Traditional Statistics and Machine Learning Approaches.","authors":"Esin Avsar Kucukkurt, Esra Tokur Sonuvar, Dilek Yapar, Yasemin Demir Avcı, Irem Tanriverdi, Andisha Behzad, Pinar Soysal","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics15192491","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diagnostics15192491","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> The objective was to evaluate the ability of Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) parameters to predict all-cause mortality in older adults using both traditional statistical methods and machine learning (ML) approaches. <b>Methods:</b> A total of 1.974 older adults from a university hospital outpatient clinic were included in this study. Ninety-six CGA-related variables encompassing functional and nutritional status, frailty, mobility, cognition, mood, chronic conditions, and laboratory findings were assessed. Cox proportional hazards regression and six ML algorithms (logistic regression, support vector machine, decision tree, random forest, extreme gradient boosting, and artificial neural networks) were employed to identify mortality predictors. Model performance was evaluated using area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and F1-score. <b>Results:</b> During a median follow-up of 617 days (interquartile range [IQR]: 297-1015), 430 participants (21.7%) died. Lower Lawton instrumental activities of daily living scores, unintentional weight loss, slower gait speed, and elevated C-reactive protein levels were consistent mortality predictors across all models. The artificial neural network demonstrated the highest predictive performance (AUC = 0.970), followed by logistic regression (AUC = 0.851). SHapley Additive explanations (SHAP) analysis confirmed the relevance of these key features. <b>Conclusions:</b> CGA parameters provide robust prognostic information regarding mortality risk in older adults. Functional decline and inflammation markers offer greater predictive power than chronological age alone in assessing overall health and survival probability.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"15 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12523355/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145299122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations Between Regulatory Immune Cells, Thymus Cellular Remodeling, and Vascular Aging in Advanced Coronary Atherosclerosis: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Irina Kologrivova, Alexey Dmitriukov, Natalia Naryzhnaya, Olga Koshelskaya, Olga Kharitonova, Alexandra Vyrostkova, Elena Kravchenko, Ivan Stepanov, Sergey Andreev, Vladimir Evtushenko, Anna Gusakova, Oksana Ogurkova, Tatiana Suslova","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics15192494","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diagnostics15192494","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Biological aging phenotypes in coronary artery disease (CAD) include coronary atherosclerosis, vascular aging, and endothelial dysfunction. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential links between aging phenotypes, regulatory immune cells, and features of the thymus in patients with CAD. <b>Methods:</b> A single-center, cross-sectional, comparative study was conducted. Patients were stratified according to the severity of coronary atherosclerosis: patients with a Gensini score ≥ 65 points and patients with a Gensini score < 65 points. Peripheral blood and thymus biopsy were obtained. Imaging flow cytometry, ELISA, and immunohistochemical analysis were used for analysis. <b>Results:</b> Thymic morphology ranged from total fatty involution to a preserved structure of the thymus (20-80% area in 31% of obtained samples) but was not associated with the severity of atherosclerosis. Meanwhile, patients with a Gensini score ≥ 65 had impaired thymus cellular composition compared to patients with a Gensini score < 65 points; increased frequency of CD8+ T lymphocytes and NK cells; and decreased frequency of CD4 + CD8+ T lymphocytes. In peripheral blood, the main determinants of a Gensini score ≥ 65 points were low absolute counts of eMDSCs and CD25^low Tregs with FoxP3 nuclear translocation, while advanced vascular aging was associated with elevated eMDSC absolute counts. Advanced coronary atherosclerosis was also associated with decreased numbers of endothelial progenitor cells in circulation. <b>Conclusions:</b> Thymus dysfunction accompanies CAD progression and is manifested in changes in cellular composition rather than morphology. In CAD patients, MDSC and Treg lymphocytes are equally involved in the progression of coronary atherosclerosis, which is aggravated by the decreased regulatory potential of the endothelium. Vascular aging represents a distinct phenotype of biological aging in CAD patients, characterized by the expansion of eMDSCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"15 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12524110/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145298971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics in Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma: A Clinically Oriented Review.","authors":"Andrés Coca-Pelaz, Juan Pablo Rodrigo, Mark Zafereo, Iain Nixon, Pia Pace-Asciak, Gregory W Randolph, Carlos Suárez, Alfio Ferlito","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics15192493","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diagnostics15192493","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) is the most common endocrine malignancy and typically has a favorable prognosis. However, a subset of patients experience aggressive disease, recurrence, or treatment resistance, underscoring the need for more precise diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Advances in molecular profiling have improved the management of thyroid cancer by enabling risk-adapted treatment and targeted interventions. This narrative review offers a clinically focused synthesis of the current role of molecular diagnostics and personalized therapeutics in DTC. We examine key genetic alterations and their diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications, and discuss how molecular markers enhance traditional risk stratification systems, informing surgical decisions, radioactive iodine (RAI) use, and surveillance. The growing role of targeted therapies, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors and agents against specific oncogenic drivers, is reviewed, particularly for RAI-refractory DTC. We also address real-world challenges in implementing precision medicine, including access, cost, and standardization. Future directions, such as liquid biopsy, artificial intelligence, and multi-omic integration, are explored as tools to achieve fully personalized care. This review aims to bridge the gap between molecular discovery and clinical application, offering practical insights for endocrinologists, surgeons, oncologists, and multidisciplinary teams managing DTC.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"15 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12523578/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145299089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Interobserver Variability and Contributing Factors.","authors":"Nurkhairul Bariyah Baharun, Mohamed Afiq Hidayat Zailani, Afzan Adam, Qiaoyi Xu, Muaatamarulain Mustangin, Reena Rahayu Md Zin","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics15192492","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diagnostics15192492","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are emerging as a crucial prognostic biomarker in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, their clinical utility remains constrained by the subjectivity and interobserver variability of manual scoring, despite standardization efforts by the International TILs Working Group (TIL-WG). This study aimed to evaluate the interobserver agreement among pathologists in scoring stromal and intratumoral TILs from H&E-stained TNBC slides and to identify contributing histological factors. <b>Methods:</b> Two consultant pathologists at Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, Kuala Lumpur, independently assessed 64 TNBC cases using TIL-WG guidelines. Interobserver agreement was quantified using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cohen's kappa coefficient. Cases with over 10% scoring discrepancies underwent review by a third pathologist, and a consensus discussion was held to explore the underlying confounders. <b>Results:</b> Our results showed moderate interobserver agreement for stromal TILs (ICC = 0.58) and strong agreement for intratumoral TILs (ICC = 0.71). Significant variability was attributed to three main confounding variables: heterogeneous TIL distribution, poorly defined tumor-stroma interface, and focal dense lymphoid infiltrates. <b>Conclusions:</b> These findings highlight the need for standardized TIL scoring protocols and suggest that validated AI-based tools may help mitigate observer variability in future TIL assessments.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"15 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12524016/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145299051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship Between Right Ventricular Function and Body Composition in Adolescents and Young Adults.","authors":"Karolina Angela Sieradzka Uchnar, Stefan Toth, Ingrid Schusterova, Dominik Pella, Silvia Gurbalova, Tibor Poruban","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics15192487","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diagnostics15192487","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> This study sought to examine the relationships between right ventricular (RV) parameters and function, and body composition in adolescents and young adult individuals with overweight and obesity. We hypothesized that abnormal body composition is linked to RV dysfunction and subclinical changes in the ventricle. <b>Methods:</b> The study prospectively included 80 young adult individuals, with 55 being overweight or obese and 25 having a normal body weight. We examined differences in RV echocardiographic parameters between these groups and their relationship with body composition parameters. <b>Results:</b> Adolescents and young adults with overweight or obesity had greater RV pressure load, and larger RV diameter. Significant differences in RV size and strain were noted between groups. Across the cohort, lean body mass positively correlated with RV strain, while fat mass and total serum protein negatively correlated with RV strain (both <i>p</i> < 0.01 or lower). <b>Conclusions:</b> This study found that RV function and body composition are often linked and improving body composition could prevent RV dysfunction, while addressing wasting might enhance RV function. Overweight or obese young adults show decreased RV strain in the absolute value compared to those with normal body weight.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"15 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12524213/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145299246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}