Diagnostics最新文献

{"title":"Enhanced Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Female Urinary Incontinence Using Static and Functional Transperineal Ultrasonography.","authors":"Milosz Pietrus, Kazimierz Pityński, Maciej W Socha, Iwona Gawron, Robert Biskupski-Brawura-Samaha, Marcin Waligóra","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics14222549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14222549","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: To investigate the utility of transperineal ultrasound in detecting stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and identify optimal anatomical and functional parameters. <b>Methods</b>: Thirty-four women presenting with SUI with or without pelvic organ prolapse between 2012 and 2016 were studied. The control group included patients without SUI who underwent surgery for mild gynecologic disorders or pelvic organ prolapse. The relationship between selected ultrasound parameters and SUI was determined. <b>Results</b>: Among the 20 variables measured in ultrasonography using 4 angles and the bladder-symphysis distance (BSD) values, we found that the difference in the BSD obtained at rest and during the Valsalva maneuver (odds ratio [OR]: 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05-1.27, <i>p</i> = 0.004), the mean urethral diameter (UD; OR: 4.29, 95% CI: 2.07-8.83, <i>p</i> = 0.0001), and the occurrence of the funneling sign during the Valsalva maneuver (OR: 21; 95% CI: 6.1-71.9, <i>p</i> < 0.0001) were associated with urinary incontinence in the logistic regression analysis. The optimal cut-off point for BSD was >8 mm (area under the curve (AUC), 0.71; sensitivity, 91.2%; specificity, 56.8%; <i>p</i> = 0.001) and that for UD was >6 mm (AUC, 0.84; sensitivity, 82.1%; specificity, 73%; <i>p</i> < 0.001). <b>Conclusions</b>: Transperineal ultrasonography is a useful tool for detecting SUI. Our findings highlighted the utility of several sonographic parameters, mainly the urethral diameter, in the diagnosis of urinary incontinence.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"14 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142726988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Volumetric Analysis of Motor Cortex and Basal Ganglia in Pediatric Celiac Disease Patients Using volBrain: Implications for Neurological Dysfunction-Preliminary Results.","authors":"Filip Murn, Lana Loncar, Jasna Lenicek Krleza, Goran Roic, Iva Hojsak, Zrinjka Misak, Ana Tripalo Batos","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics14222559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14222559","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Celiac disease (CD) is a common immune-mediated, chronic systemic disorder that is treated with a strict, life-long gluten-free diet (GFD). In addition to gastrointestinal manifestations, CD also presents with a variety of extraintestinal symptoms, including significant neurological and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Among these neurological manifestations, motor dysfunctions are particularly notable. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential volumetric differences in brain structures, particularly the motor cortex and basal ganglia, between pediatric CD patients and healthy controls using the volBrain software AssemblyNet version 1.0.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective study included pediatric patients with CD who complained of neurological symptoms and were scheduled for brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). All children had been previously diagnosed with CD and their adherence to GFD was evaluated using the Biagi score. Brain MRIs were performed on all included patients to obtain volumetry at the onset of the disease. For volumetric and segmentation data, the volBrain software was used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 12 pediatric patients with CD were included, with a median duration of a GFD of 5.3 years at the time of the MRI examination. There were no statistically significant differences between patients compliant with the GFD and those non-compliant in terms of age or duration of GFD. Volumetric analysis revealed deviations in all patients analyzed, which involved either a decrease or increase in the volume of the structures studied.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite the limited number of patients in this study, the initial findings support previously described neurological manifestations in patients with CD. Newly developed MRI tools have the potential to enable a more detailed analysis of disease progression and its impact on the motor cortex.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"14 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142727037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contributions Regarding the Study of Pulsatility and Resistivity Indices of Uterine Arteries in Term Pregnancies-A Prospective Study in Bucharest, Romania.","authors":"Giorgia Zampieri, Alexandra Matei, George Alexandru Roșu, Andrei Marin, Mircea Octavian Poenaru, Cringu Antoniu Ionescu","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics14222556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14222556","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pregnancy is a complex stage in a woman's life, considering the physical and psychological changes that occur. The introduction of Doppler studies of the pregnant woman's vessels and those of the fetus has proven to be a useful tool in evaluating the maternal-fetal relationship. <b>Objective</b>: The study aims to assess the correlations of PI and RI values in term pregnancies. <b>Methods:</b> This analysis is based on the prospective evaluation of medical data from 60 patients who were admitted to the Obstetrics and Gynecology department of Saint Pantelimon Hospital in Bucharest, Romania, from May to August 2024. Among the examined parameters are patient age, blood pressure, amniotic fluid quantity, placenta location, and pulsatility and resistivity indices of uterine arteries. <b>Results:</b> A higher diastolic blood pressure is associated with higher mean PI and RI values, indicating that diastolic blood pressure has a significant correlation to these values. The mean RI shows a moderately negative and significant correlation, suggesting that a lower level of amniotic fluid is associated with a higher mean RI. Regarding the PI value of the uterine arteries, the <i>p</i>-value suggests that the difference between the groups with and without associated diseases is statistically significant. Placental insertion on the anterior or posterior uterine wall does not have a significant impact on the PI and RI values of the uterine arteries, but the values are higher in the contralateral part of the placental insertion. <b>Conclusions:</b> These results strengthen the evidence previously demonstrated. Uterine artery Doppler ultrasonography is an extremely useful tool in monitoring and managing high-risk pregnancies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"14 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142726565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep Learning-Based Slice Thickness Reduction for Computer-Aided Detection of Lung Nodules in Thick-Slice CT.","authors":"Jonghun Jeong, Doohyun Park, Jung-Hyun Kang, Myungsub Kim, Hwa-Young Kim, Woosuk Choi, Soo-Youn Ham","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics14222558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14222558","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Computer-aided detection (CAD) systems for lung nodule detection often face challenges with 5 mm computed tomography (CT) scans, leading to missed nodules. This study assessed the efficacy of a deep learning-based slice thickness reduction technique from 5 mm to 1 mm to enhance CAD performance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective study, 687 chest CT scans were analyzed, including 355 with nodules and 332 without nodules. CAD performance was evaluated on nodules, to which all three radiologists agreed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The slice thickness reduction technique significantly improved the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for scan-level analysis from 0.867 to 0.902, with a <i>p</i>-value < 0.001, and nodule-level sensitivity from 0.826 to 0.916 at two false positives per scan. Notably, the performance showed greater improvements on smaller nodules than larger nodules. Qualitative analysis confirmed that nodules mistaken for ground glass on 5 mm scans could be correctly identified as part-solid on the refined 1 mm CT, thereby improving the diagnostic capability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Applying a deep learning-based slice thickness reduction technique significantly enhances CAD performance in lung nodule detection on chest CT scans, supporting the clinical adoption of refined 1 mm CT scans for more accurate diagnoses.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"14 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142726627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Clinician's Guide to Functional Profiling.","authors":"Prasad Iyer, Shaista Shabbir Jasdanwala, Yuhan Wang, Karanpreet Bhatia, Shruti Bhatt","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics14222560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14222560","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a complex clonal disorder characterized by clinical, genetic, metabolomic, and epigenetic heterogeneity resulting in the uncontrolled proliferation of aberrant blood-forming precursor cells. Despite advancements in the understanding of the genetic, metabolic, and epigenetic landscape of AML, it remains a significant therapeutic challenge. Functional profiling techniques, such as BH3 profiling (BP), gene expression profiling (GEP), proteomics, metabolomics, drug sensitivity/resistance testing (DSRT), CRISPR/Cas9, and RNAi screens offer valuable insights into the functional behavior of leukemia cells. BP evaluates the mitochondrial response to pro-apoptotic BH3 peptides, determining a cell's apoptotic threshold and its reliance on specific anti-apoptotic proteins. This knowledge can pinpoint vulnerabilities in the mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway in leukemia cells, potentially informing treatment strategies and predicting therapeutic responses. GEP, particularly RNA sequencing, evaluates the transcriptomic landscape and identifies gene expression alterations specific to AML subtypes. Proteomics and metabolomics, utilizing mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), provide a detailed view of the active proteins and metabolic pathways in leukemia cells. DSRT involves exposing leukemia cells to a panel of chemotherapeutic and targeted agents to assess their sensitivity or resistance profiles and potentially guide personalized treatment strategies. CRISPR/Cas9 and RNAi screens enable systematic disruption of genes to ascertain their roles in leukemia cell survival and proliferation. These techniques facilitate precise disease subtyping, uncover novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets, and provide a deeper understanding of drug-resistance mechanisms. Recent studies utilizing functional profiling have identified specific mutations and gene signatures associated with aggressive AML subtypes, aberrant signaling pathways, and potential opportunities for drug repurposing. The integration of multi-omics approaches, advances in single-cell sequencing, and artificial intelligence is expected to refine the precision of functional profiling and ultimately improve patient outcomes in AML. This review highlights the diverse landscape of functional profiling methods and emphasizes their respective advantages and limitations. It highlights select successes in how these methods have further advanced our understanding of AML biology, identifies druggable targets that have improved outcomes, delineates challenges associated with these techniques, and provides a prospective view of the future where these techniques are likely to be increasingly incorporated into the routine care of patients with AML.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"14 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142726618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age as a Predictor of Overall Survival in Colorectal Cancer.","authors":"Berenice Carbajal-López, Jossimar Coronel-Hernández, Marytere Herrera, Erika Ruiz-Garcia, Sayako M Miyagui-Adame, Consuelo Diaz-Romero, Eduardo Osiris Madrigal-Santillán, Priscila Morales Esponda-Mendoza, Carlos Pérez-Plasencia, Germán Calderillo-Ruiz","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics14222550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14222550","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) at early ages has become a challenging trend for oncology due to high rates of mortality worldwide. The correlation of clinical features with young-age prognosis in CRC remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to describe the clinicopathological features and their impact on the overall survival of young Mexican adults diagnosed with CRC treated in the National Cancer Institute.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective, observational study. The included patients were treated at the National Cancer Institute between 2004 and 2020. The statistical analyses comprised the X² and <i>t</i> tests, Kaplan-Meier, log rank, and Cox regression. Statistical significances were assessed when <i>p</i> was bilaterally < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 3652 patients diagnosed with CRC attended the National Cancer Institute. Cases of early onset of CRC increased over the 16 years under study, with significant differences between the median age, from 57 in 2004 to 55 years old in 2020 (F = 5.49; gl: 12 <i>p</i> = 0.019). For this analysis, the population was divided in three groups: young (≤30 years), adults (31-70), and elderly (>70). The young population was mostly composed of men (62%; (<i>n</i> = 63), (<i>p</i> = 0.020), with high rates of metastatic disease (44%) (<i>p</i> = 0.001) and right-side tumors (57%), (<i>p</i> = 0.046), and with 44% with a moderate grade (<i>p</i> = 0.750). According to the overall survival (OS) analysis, the median OS was 29 months for young, versus 170 months for adult and 56 months for elderly patients (<i>p</i> <0.001, HR 1.53, 95% CI 1.11-2.10). A sub-analysis was performed considering only patients with metastatic disease. The median OS was 12 months for young, versus 17 and 9 months for adults and elderly (<i>p</i> = 0.08, HR 1.27, 95% CI 1.02-1.46).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CRC diagnosis in the young population is increasing due unhealthy lifestyle habits and lack of screening. This population have clinical features of bad prognosis, such as left side, poor grade differentiation, and metastatic disease, precluding prognosis and OS.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"14 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142726802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Creating a Foundation for the Visualization of Intracranial Cerebrospinal Fluid Using Photon-Counting Technology in Spectral Imaging for Cranial CT.","authors":"Anna Klempka, Philipp Neumayer, Alexander Schröder, Eduardo Ackermann, Svetlana Hetjens, Sven Clausen, Christoph Groden","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics14222551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14222551","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recent advancements in computed tomography (CT), notably in photon-counting CT (PCCT), are revolutionizing the medical imaging field. PCCT's spectral imaging can better visualize tissues based on their material properties. This research aims to establish a fundamental approach for the in vivo visualization of intracranial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) using PCCT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PCCT was integrated to distinguish the CSF within the intracranial space with spectral imaging. In this study, we analyzed monoenergetic +67 keV reconstructions alongside virtual non-contrast and iodine phase images. This approach facilitated the assessment of the spectral characteristics of CSF in patients who did not present with intra-axial pathology or inflamation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings illustrate PCCT's effectiveness in providing distinct and clear visualizations of intracranial CSF structures, building a foundation. The signal-to-noise ratio was quantified across all measurements, to check in image quality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PCCT serves as a robust, non-invasive platform for the detailed visualization of intracranial CSF. This technology is promising in enhancing diagnostic accuracy through different conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"14 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142726553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remote Management of Heart Failure in Patients with Implantable Devices.","authors":"Luca Santini, Francesco Adamo, Karim Mahfouz, Carlo Colaiaco, Ilaria Finamora, Carmine De Lucia, Nicola Danisi, Stefania Gentile, Claudia Sorrentino, Maria Grazia Romano, Luca Sangiovanni, Alessio Nardini, Fabrizio Ammirati","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics14222554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14222554","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Heart failure (HF) is a chronic disease with a steadily increasing prevalence, high mortality, and social and economic costs. Furthermore, every hospitalization for acute HF is associated with worsening prognosis and reduced life expectancy. In order to prevent hospitalizations, it would be useful to have instruments that can predict them well in advance. <b>Methods</b>: We performed a review on remote monitoring of heart failure through implantable devices. <b>Results</b>: Precise multi-parameter algorithms, available for ICD and CRT-D patients, have been created, which also use artificial intelligence and are able to predict a new heart failure event more than 30 days in advance. There are also implantable pulmonary artery devices that can predict hospitalizations and reduce the impact of heart failure. The proper organization of transmission and alert management is crucial for clinical success in using these tools. <b>Conclusions</b>: The full implementation of remote monitoring of implantable devices, and in particular, the use of new algorithms for the prediction of acute heart failure episodes, represents a huge challenge but also a huge opportunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"14 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142726526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Efficacy of Bone SPECT Techniques in Differentiating Unilateral and Bilateral Condylar Hyperplasia.","authors":"Luz Kelly Anzola, Natalia Venegas, Maria Clara Jaramillo, Sergio Moreno, Mauricio Hinojosa, Enrique Amador, Martin Orozco, Fernando Mut","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics14222548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14222548","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This analytical cross-sectional study evaluates diagnostic approaches for active condylar hyperplasia using bone SPECT techniques. <b>Methods</b>: it was compared the effectiveness of relative activity assessments between condyles and quantitative analysis using the condyle/clivus ratio. <b>Results</b>: This study's findings reveal that the condyle/clivus ratio method significantly outperforms the relative uptake method, achieving a sensitivity of 90.1% (95% CI: 84.1-94) compared to 40.7% (95% CI: 33.5-48.2), and a specificity of 77.1% (95% CI: 67.4-85) versus 72.9% (95% CI: 62.9-81.5). The condyle/clivus ratio also showed a more favorable negative likelihood ratio of 0.13 compared to 0.82 for relative uptake, and a higher area under the curve (AUC) of 0.8360 versus 0.5679. Statistically significant differences were noted (<i>p</i> = 0.0001). The condyle/clivus ratio method effectively identifies affected condyles in unilateral and bilateral condylar hyperplasia cases. <b>Conclusions:</b> This study emphasizes the importance of incorporating comprehensive clinical evaluations and imaging modalities for assessing condylar growth activity, underscoring the need for tailored reference values in different populations to ensure reliable diagnostic interpretations.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"14 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142726842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Effect of Image Enhancement on Diagnostic Reliability in Dry Eye Disease Using a Portable Imaging Device.","authors":"Takahiro Mizukami, Shinri Sato, Kazuki Asai, Takanobu Inoue, Eisuke Shimizu, Jun Shimazaki, Yoshikazu Shimomura","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics14222552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14222552","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the impact of image enhancement techniques on the interobserver reliability of tear break-up time (TBUT), tear meniscus height (TMH), corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) scoring, and conjunctivochalasis detection using the Smart Eye Camera (SEC), a portable device for anterior segment examination.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on video recordings captured by the SEC from 46 patients with dry eye disease (DED). Separate sets of images were created for each level of enhancement: unenhanced (G0), mildly enhanced (G3), and strongly enhanced (G7). These sets were not intermixed, ensuring that each enhancement level was assessed independently. Three observers-two DED specialists and one general ophthalmologist-assessed TBUT, TMH, CFS scores, and conjunctivochalasis. Interobserver reliability was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for each image set.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Interobserver reliability for CFS scores significantly improved with G3, yielding an ICC of 0.8413. In contrast, G7 improved reliability for TBUT measurements (ICC = 0.7381), but led to a notable decrease in reliability for both CFS scoring (ICC = 0.2259) and conjunctivochalasis detection (ICC = 0.0786). Furthermore, the assessment of TMH demonstrated a progressive decline in accuracy with increasing levels of image enhancement.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Image enhancement using the SEC improved the diagnostic consistency of dry eye specialists and general ophthalmologists, especially for TBUT and CFS assessments. However, excessive enhancement may obscure key diagnostic features, indicating the need for careful optimization of image processing techniques depending on the diagnostic focus.</p>","PeriodicalId":11225,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics","volume":"14 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142726992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}