Cytogenetic and Genome Research最新文献

{"title":"Meiotic Segregation Analysis in Sperm of a Pericentric Inversion of Chromosome 19 Heterozygous Carrier: Assessment of Recombination Frequency and Genetic Risk.","authors":"Nadezda V Shilova, Zhanna G Markova, Darya A Yurchenko, Mariya M Antonova, Darya M Guseva, Mariya I Shtaut, Vyacheslav B Chernykh","doi":"10.1159/000547315","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547315","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pericentric inversions (PEIs) are rare intrachromosomal balanced structural abnormalities. To achieve complete synapsis and recombination during meiosis, the pairing of normal and inverted chromosomes requires the formation of an inversion loop. A crossover within this inversion loop leads to the production of two complementary recombinant chromosomes, which may contain both duplicated and deleted segments, including regions distal to the inversion. The clinical relevance of inverted chromosomes is significant, as they can result in the generation of recombinant gametes that may lead to early miscarriages, stillbirths, or congenital abnormalities in the progeny of carriers. The empirical frequencies of recombinant spermatozoa in men heterozygous for inv(19)(p13.3q12) were estimated. Additionally, the presence of the interchromosomal effects (ICEs) on chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X, and Y was evaluated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed on sperm nuclei using DNA probes for the subtelomeric regions of the short (p) and long (q) arms of chromosome 19, the centromeric regions of chromosome 18, X, and Y as well as DNA probes for the regions 13q14 and 21q22.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The inverted segment on chromosome 19 measures 31.5 Mb, which represents 53.3% of the total length of the affected chromosome. FISH analysis of 2,923 sperm nuclei revealed no detection of recombinant chromosomes. ICE on chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X, and Y were not observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Empirical data have been obtained for the first time regarding the frequency of gametes containing recombinant chromosomes, as well as the absence of ICEs on chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X, and Y during the meiotic segregation of the PEI of chromosome 19, inv(19)(q13.3q12). It was demonstrated that the extremely low risk of recombinant chromosome formation, falling below the detectable threshold (with 95% confidence intervals), is associated with inv(19)(p13.3q12). We hypothesize that the meiotic behavior of PEIs is influenced not only by the relative size of the inverted segment but also by the morphological characteristics of the affected chromosome. Further studies are needed to explore the factors that influence the meiotic behavior of PEIs.</p>","PeriodicalId":11206,"journal":{"name":"Cytogenetic and Genome Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144636534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-Translational Modifications of the Werner Syndrome Protein WRN.","authors":"Amrita Machwe, David K Orren","doi":"10.1159/000547163","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Werner syndrome has been an excellent model for the study of human aging and how chromosomal instability is related to phenotypes of normal aging including cancer. George Martin devoted his life to the study of Werner syndrome and human aging, and this review is dedicated to his memory.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>In this review, we highlight the post-translational modifications of WRN, the protein whose function is lacking in individuals with Werner syndrome. WRN is subject to phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, and SUMOylation.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>These modifications of WRN control its localization and function in the response to replication fork stress and repair of double-strand breaks that are a consequence of this stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":11206,"journal":{"name":"Cytogenetic and Genome Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144552594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clustered Structural Variants Involving PHEX at Xp22 in a Female Patient with X-Linked Hypophosphatemia.","authors":"Erika Uehara, Yasuhiro Naiki, Atsushi Hattori, Maki Fukami, Keiko Matsubara","doi":"10.1159/000547186","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547186","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>X chromosomal structural changes involving PHEX result in X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH). However, their underlying mechanisms were poorly determined. Moreover, X chromosome inactivation (XCI) statuses in female patients with XLH remain to be studied.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We conducted systematic genomic analyses for a woman with XLH and detected a 3.2 Mb tandem duplication at Xp22.33, a 1.9 Mb tandem duplication at Xp22.31, and a 0.8 Mb deletion involving PHEX at Xp22.11 on the paternally derived chromosome. The fusion junctions contained templated insertions and short nucleotide additions indicative of non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) or alternative NHEJ. The patient had random XCI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides evidence that PHEX haploinsufficiency leads to typical XLH in women with random XCI and that a 5.9 Mb rearrangement on Xp22 permits random XCI. Our results, together with previous findings, imply that clustered structural changes due to NHEJ/alternative NHEJ are a unique type of human genomic rearrangements.</p>","PeriodicalId":11206,"journal":{"name":"Cytogenetic and Genome Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144552593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000546684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546684","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11206,"journal":{"name":"Cytogenetic and Genome Research","volume":" ","pages":"72"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144539509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of Cell Cultures from the Cavefish Astyanax mexicanus: A Resource for in vitro Studies of Supernumerary B Chromosome Biology.","authors":"João Pedro Silva Climaco, Cesar Martins, Adauto Lima Cardoso","doi":"10.1159/000546231","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Supernumerary B chromosomes have been extensively investigated using diverse in vivo approaches, revealing insights into their origin, nature, evolutionary dynamics, maintenance mechanisms, and effects on their carriers. Despite its broad applicability across various biological research fields, in vitro cell culture remains underexplored as a tool for studying B chromosome biology, with studies limited to using cell cultures only as a source of chromosome preparations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the present study, cell cultures of the fish Astyanax mexicanus were established, with (AMEcfB) and without (AMEcf) the B chromosome, using caudal fin tissue collected through nonlethal procedures. These cultures were compared in terms of cell proliferation and in response to environmental stress (pH and temperature) using the MTT and RT-qPCR assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The AMEcf and AMEcfB cell lines exhibited karyotypic stability and high proliferative potential, demonstrating their suitability for diverse scientific applications. The B chromosome, found exclusively in a subpopulation of AMEcfB cells, influenced cell physiology by affecting cell division dynamics. Experiments under extreme pH and temperature conditions revealed differences in cell viability and gene expression between the two lines, highlighting the role of the B chromosome in modulating environmental responses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings align with previous reports on the effects of B chromosomes in living organisms. Thus, the A. mexicanus cell cultures established here represent a promising resource for investigations into B chromosome biology, offering significant ethical, economic, and methodological advantages.</p>","PeriodicalId":11206,"journal":{"name":"Cytogenetic and Genome Research","volume":" ","pages":"59-69"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Localization of Ribosomal DNA-Associated Retrotransposons Refines the Heterochromatin Map of the X Chromosome in Drosophila melanogaster.","authors":"Tatyana D Kolesnikova, Olga V Veselova, Galina V Pokholkova, Veit Schubert, Mikhail S Klenov","doi":"10.1159/000546918","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546918","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>R1 and R2 retrotransposons specifically integrate into 28S rRNA genes, thereby disrupting many rDNA units within the nucleolar organizer region (NOR) of Drosophila. However, they also appear to play mutualistic roles, contributing to the maintenance of rDNA copy number and the regulation of nucleolar dominance. In addition to their presence in nucleolar rDNA, R1 elements are strongly enriched in the pericentromeric heterochromatin of the X chromosome, located distal to the NOR. This enrichment coincides with several enigmatic genetic phenomena - such as the ABO and cr phenotypes - whose molecular basis remains poorly understood. Notably, this region is one of the least characterized domains of the Drosophila melanogaster genome, lying outside the reference assembly and unresolved in metaphase chromosome preparations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed cytological mapping of R1 and R2 retrotransposons in D. melanogaster heterochromatin using polytene chromosomes from Rif11 mutant, which suppresses under-replication of all types of heterochromatic sequences. These were combined with classical eu-heterochromatic inversions of the X chromosome.</p><p><strong>Results and conclusion: </strong>We identified distinct clusters of both R1 and R2 elements within the X chromosome heterochromatin outside the NOR. R1 elements are highly enriched in the region between the heterochromatic Stellate (hSte) gene cluster and the NOR. This zone exhibits a unique response to Su(var)3-9 mutations, characterized by pronounced decondensation and the formation of a pseudo-puff. Proximal to the R1-enriched domain and adjacent to hSte cluster, we observed a region enriched in R2 elements. The edges of the NOR also show R2 enrichment, likely corresponding to intra-nucleolar domains that accumulate transcriptionally inactive rDNA units. In contrast, nucleolar R1 elements - which also mark inactive rDNA units - are more evenly distributed across the entire NOR. Based on these findings, we propose a refined cytological map of X chromosome heterochromatin in D. melanogaster.</p>","PeriodicalId":11206,"journal":{"name":"Cytogenetic and Genome Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meiosis in Hybrids: Looking for the Order in Disorder.","authors":"Irina Bakloushinskaya, Sergey Matveevsky","doi":"10.1159/000546658","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546658","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The study of gametogenesis in hybrids between intraspecific chromosomal forms or distinct species is mainly aimed at identifying the successful outcome of the process to produce balanced, viable gametes. At the same time, deviations from typical meiotic progression patterns may provide a pivotal mechanism for speciation.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>The long history of studying the process of gametogenesis and the development of methodological approaches have helped clarify the cytological and molecular processes that occur during meiosis. Since the early 1980s, Prof. Oxana Kolomiets has been studying meiosis in various species, including mole voles Ellobius, with a focus on chromosome synapsis and other key events during prophase I. Research on hybrids from different chromosomal forms of mole voles has uncovered notable differences in how meiosis progresses and its impact on fertility. In cases where Robertsonian translocations exhibit incomplete homology, various chromosomal multivalents form during prophase I. These configurations are often so complex that the chance of producing balanced gametes appears minimal. Moreover, there were also variations in the formation of trivalents. These discrepancies are thought to arise due to the involvement of distinct chromosomes in Robertsonian translocations, which lead to alterations in the spatial structure of the nucleus. Autosomes and sex chromosomes can exhibit disparities in trajectories of movement, synapsis, and recombination in meiosis. These disparities manifest most distinctly in hybrids, where atypical interchromosomal interactions, including those between sex chromosomes and autosomes, occur. Such interactions are absent in normal meiocytes, highlighting the altered meiotic processes in hybrids.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>Chromosomal rearrangements, such as Robertsonian translocations, neocentromeres, and dicentric chromosomes, alter nuclear architecture, leading to meiotic irregularities that disrupt the progression of meiosis and gametogenesis. Meiotic irregularities cause variation in hybrid fertility. The analysis of meiosis I prophase turns out to be highly efficient for understanding the mechanisms of speciation.</p>","PeriodicalId":11206,"journal":{"name":"Cytogenetic and Genome Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144198462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fertility Cost (or Sometimes a Lack of It) in Relation to Heterozygosity for Robertsonian Rearrangements in Mammals: A Review.","authors":"Jeremy B Searle, Jonathan J Hughes","doi":"10.1159/000546385","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546385","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Robertsonian (Rb) chromosomal rearrangements are very common in mammals and are the primary basis of chromosome number variation between species. The fertility of heterozygotes has particular significance in understanding the mode of fixation of Rb rearrangements, and could have a role in the attainment of reproductive isolation by chromosomally differentiated species.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Here we survey available data on fertility of Rb heterozygotes in mammals, comparing with homozygotes, and considering effects on litter size, frequencies of anaphase I nondisjunction, germ cell death and pachytene features associated with that germ cell death. We consider both simple heterozygotes which form trivalent configurations at meiosis I and complex heterozygotes which form longer configurations due to heterozygosity for different chromosomes with monobrachial homology. Two species have a particularly wide variety of Rb heterozygotes and have been well studied: the house mouse (the western subspecies) and the common shrew. The overall data confirm that heterozygosity for a single Rb metacentric may be associated with near-normal fertility in mammals, though not in every instance. Usually infertility is not going to be a substantial hindrance to fixation of Rb fusions or fissions. Nor is infertility in simple heterozygotes for one or a few Rb metacentrics on its own likely to promote reproductive isolation. However, simple heterozygotes forming many meiotic trivalents and complex heterozygotes forming long meiotic configurations may suffer substantial infertility or sterility. Even so, heterozygous house mice and common shrews forming the very longest meiotic chains and rings may produce some young. We discuss the implications of these findings with regards the role of Rb rearrangements in speciation.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>Infertility due to Rb heterozygosity on its own may rarely hinder fixation of Rb rearrangements nor be sufficient to cause a complete interruption to gene flow between hybridizing chromosomal forms. However, this does not rule out a role for Rb rearrangements in speciation. Reinforcement is possible, and Rb rearrangements have the potential to act in synergy with genic incompatibilities to promote reproductive isolation. There can also be the contrary process of despeciation. Natural selection may respond in various ways to a given degree of infertility.</p>","PeriodicalId":11206,"journal":{"name":"Cytogenetic and Genome Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-35"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12263139/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144198461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variation and Morphological Manifestation of Germline-Restricted Chromosomes in Three Species of Leaf Warblers of Genus Phylloscopus.","authors":"Irina Ayvazyan, Ruzanna Petrosyan, Emma Rose Khachatrian, Lianna Virabyan, Tigran Abgaryan, Zhenya Poghosyan, Yana Dombrovskaya, Marko Raković, Victor Spangenberg","doi":"10.1159/000545903","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Germline restricted chromosomes are considered a rather ancient element in the genomes of passerine birds. Obviously, detailed comparative studies on model groups including closely related species are required for a better understanding of GRC evolution. It is especially interesting if GRCs in such closely related species have acquired significant differences.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this work we compared three taxonomically close species of the genus Phylloscopus: Ph. sindianus lorenzii, Ph. collybita menzbieri, and Ph. nitidus, which have differences in morphological manifestation of GRCs: macro- and micro-GRCs. We studied synaptonemal complexes using immunocytochemistry methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We were able to trace the morphological transformations of macro-GRC at stages from leptotene to diplotene, and describe the complex structure of this chromosome in Ph. nitidus.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We hope that the taxonomic group under study can become a convenient model for comparative studies of GRCs in closely related species in order to understand the evolution of these unusual chromosomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11206,"journal":{"name":"Cytogenetic and Genome Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143989335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity of Telomeric Sequences in True Bugs (Heteroptera): New Data on the Infraorders Pentatomomorpha and Cimicomorpha.","authors":"Valentina Kuznetsova, Natalia Golub, Boris Anokhin, Desislava Stoianova, Vladimir Lukhtanov","doi":"10.1159/000545902","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545902","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Telomeric sequences are stable parts of the genome and are widely conserved among higher level taxa (e.g., TTAGG in insects and other arthropods) although exceptions are known and their numbers are increasing with research. The true bug suborder Heteroptera (Hemiptera) includes more than 40,000 species in about 100 families, classified into seven infraorders. Four different telomeric motifs are currently known in Heteroptera, including (TTAGG)n, (TTAGGGATGG)n, (TTAGGGGTGG)n, and (TTAGGGTGGT)n. The canonical \"insect\" motif (TTAGG)n was found in representatives of two infraorders, Nepomorpha and Cimicomorpha. Derived motifs were found in a few species previously known as TTAGG-negative in the evolutionarily advanced sister infraorders Cimicomorpha and Pentatomomorpha (= Terheteroptera). Here, we studied telomeric motifs in 20 species of true bugs belonging to 10 families of Terheteroptera.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used fluorescence in situ hybridization with the \"insect\" telomeric probe (TTAGG)n and an alternative probe (TTAGGGATGG)n to map the distribution of telomeric sequences in the chromosomes of 8 species of Pentatomomorpha (from the families Pentatomidae, Rhopalidae, Lygaeidae, Geocoridae, and Blissidae). We also analyzed chromosome-level genome assemblies available in the NCBI database for another 4 species of Pentatomomorpha (from Alydidae, Coreidae, and Pentatomidae) and 8 species of Cimicomorpha (from Reduviidae, Miridae, and Anthocoridae).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, we identified telomeric sequences in all but one (Geocoris dispar; Geocoridae) species. The telomeric motif (TTAGGGATGG)n was detected in both Cimicomorpha (in the families Anthocoridae and Miridae) and Pentatomomorpha (in Blissidae, Lygaeidae, Pentatomidae, and Rhopalidae); the motif (TTAGGGGTGG)n was found only in Pentatomomorpha (in Alydidae, Coreidae, and Pentatomidae); and the canonical \"insect\" motif (TTAGG)n was found in the family Reduviidae (Cimicomorpha). With our new data, telomeric motifs are now known for 40 species of true bugs from 30 genera, 13 families and 3 infraorders, including Nepomorpha, Cimicomorpha, and Pentatomomorpha. Noncanonical motifs are found so far only in the Terheteroptera clade and are dominant in this group, with (TTAGGGATGG)n leading.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our new data have expanded the understanding of telomere composition and evolution in Cimicomorpha and Pentatomomorpha and suggested that (TTAGGGATGG)n telomeric sequences can be considered ancestral for the entire clade Terheteroptera.</p>","PeriodicalId":11206,"journal":{"name":"Cytogenetic and Genome Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143985943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}