Cytogenetic and Genome Research最新文献

{"title":"Nucleotide Sequence and Chromosome Mapping of 5S Ribosomal DNA from the Dojo Loach, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus.","authors":"Kiko Shibata,&nbsp;Masamichi Kuroda,&nbsp;Etsuro Yamaha,&nbsp;Katsutoshi Arai,&nbsp;Takafumi Fujimoto","doi":"10.1159/000529150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000529150","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There are 2 genetically divergent groups in the dojo loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus: A and B. Although most wild-type diploids reproduce sexually, clonal diploids (clonal loach) reproduce gynogenetically in certain areas. Clonal loaches produce unreduced isogenic eggs by premeiotic endomitosis, and such diploid eggs develop gynogenetically following activation by the sperm of sympatric wild-type diploids. These clonal loaches have presumably arisen from past hybridization events between 2 different ancestors. The genomic differences between these 2 groups have not been completely elucidated. Thus, new genetic and cytogenetic markers are required to distinguish between these 2 groups. Here, we compared the 5S rDNA region to develop markers for the identification of different dojo loach groups. The nontranscribed sequence (NTS) of the 5S rDNA was highly polymorphic and group-specific. NTSs were found in clades of 2 different groups in clonal loaches. In contrast, we did not find any group-specific sequences in the coding region of the 5S rRNA gene. Sequences were located near the centromere of the short arm of the largest submetacentric chromosomes in groups A and B and clonal loaches. Thus, the 5S rDNA of the dojo loach is conserved at the chromosomal location. Whereas, the sequences of the NTS regions evolved group-specifically in the dojo loach, with the sequences of both groups being conserved in clonal loaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":11206,"journal":{"name":"Cytogenetic and Genome Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10452927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved Basic Cytogenetics Challenges Holocentricity of Butterfly Chromosomes.","authors":"Bernard Dutrillaux,&nbsp;Anne-Marie Dutrillaux,&nbsp;Mélanie McClure,&nbsp;Marc Gèze,&nbsp;Marianne Elias,&nbsp;Bertrand Bed'hom","doi":"10.1159/000526034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000526034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mitotic chromosomes of butterflies, which look like dots or short filaments in most published data, are generally considered to lack localised centromeres and thus to be holokinetic. This particularity, observed in a number of other invertebrates, is associated with meiotic particularities known as \"inverted meiosis,\" in which the first division is equational, i.e., centromere splitting-up and segregation of sister chromatids instead of homologous chromosomes. However, the accurate analysis of butterfly chromosomes is difficult because (1) their size is very small, equivalent to 2 bands of a mammalian metaphase chromosome, and (2) they lack satellite DNA/heterochromatin in putative centromere regions and therefore marked primary constrictions. Our improved conditions for basic chromosome preparations, here applied to 6 butterfly species belonging to families Nymphalidae and Pieridae challenges the holocentricity of their chromosomes: in spite of the absence of primary constrictions, sister chromatids are recurrently held together at definite positions during mitotic metaphase, which makes possible to establish karyotypes composed of acrocentric and submetacentric chromosomes. The total number of chromosomes per karyotype is roughly inversely proportional to that of non-acrocentric chromosomes, which suggests the occurrence of frequent robertsonian-like fusions or fissions during evolution. Furthermore, the behaviour and morphological changes of chromosomes along the various phases of meiosis do not seem to differ much from those of canonical meiosis. In particular, at metaphase II chromosomes clearly have 2 sister chromatids, which refutes that anaphase I was equational. Thus, we propose an alternative mechanism to holocentricity for explaining the large variations in chromosome numbers in butterflies: (1) in the ancestral karyotype, composed of about 62 mostly acrocentric chromosomes, the centromeres, devoid of centromeric heterochromatin/satellite DNA, were located at contact with telomeric heterochromatin; (2) the instability of telomeric heterochromatin largely contributed to drive the multiple rearrangements, principally chromosome fusions, which occurred during butterfly evolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":11206,"journal":{"name":"Cytogenetic and Genome Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9340434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Somatic Variants and Exon-Level Copy Number Changes in Five Hyperplastic Oral Leukoplakias.","authors":"Anuhya Anne,&nbsp;Lov Kumar,&nbsp;Revanth K Salavadi,&nbsp;Pradeep S Anand,&nbsp;Swapna Nuguri,&nbsp;Sukhvinder Bindra,&nbsp;Kanapuram V R Reddy,&nbsp;Madhusudhana R Gummanur,&nbsp;Kommu N Mohan","doi":"10.1159/000528890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000528890","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral leukoplakia (OL), an oral potentially malignant disorder, begins with a hyperplastic/hyperkeratotic stage at which no genome-scale somatic single nucleotide variant profiles have been described so far. We performed exome sequencing of five cases at this stage with no evidence of dysplasia to identify genetic alterations (exon-level copy number alterations, indels, and single nucleotide variants), their association with transcript levels, and relationship with oral cancer susceptibility. Pathway enrichment analysis of genes associated with tobacco chewing and age-related mutation signatures, transcripts with variants predicted to be functionally damaging and those with significantly altered levels all indicated the involvement of focal adhesion, ECM-receptor interactions, regulation of cytoskeleton, and DNA repair. Two novel mutations identified in FAT1 tumor suppressor gene were associated with decreased transcript levels. In addition, 16 expressed cancer driver genes contained functionally damaging variants. Many of the affected genes were also reported in dysplastic OL lesions. The presence of variants in cancer driver genes and those shared with oral dysplasias possibly provides a basis for further progression and increased susceptibility to oral cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":11206,"journal":{"name":"Cytogenetic and Genome Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10088083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytogenetic Abnormalities in Multiple Myeloma: Incidence, Prognostic Significance, and Geographic Heterogeneity in Indian and Western Populations.","authors":"Pratibha Kadam Amare,&nbsp;Shraddha Nikalje Khasnis,&nbsp;Pranita Hande,&nbsp;Hrushikesh Lele,&nbsp;Nishigandha Wable,&nbsp;Snehal Kaskar,&nbsp;Nikita Nikam Gujar,&nbsp;Nikhil Gardi,&nbsp;Aniket Prabhudesai,&nbsp;Karishma Todi,&nbsp;Rohit Waghole,&nbsp;Pritha Roy","doi":"10.1159/000529191","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000529191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multiple myeloma (MM) is a genetically complex and heterogeneous neoplasm in which cytogenetics is a major factor playing an important role in the risk stratification of disease. High-risk MM based upon cytogenetic classification includes primary IGH translocations t(4;14), t(14;16), t(14;20), and secondary progressive aberrations such as gain/amp(1q), 1p deletion, del(17p), and hypodiploidy. Several studies have proved that interphase FISH can detect primary as well as secondary cryptic aberrations very efficiently in lowest 5-10% abnormal plasma cell population. The present large-scale study was undertaken to evaluate the incidence of cytogenetic abnormalities, to analyse the correlation of conventional karyotyping with FISH, and to seek the geographic heterogeneity in the incidence of primary as well as secondary aberrations in our Indian versus Western populations. We conducted prospective studies of 1,104 patients consecutively referred from the primary, secondary, and tertiary oncology centres from all over India. Interphase FISH was performed on isolated plasma cells. Karyotype analysis was done as per ISCN 2016 and 2020. FISH could detect cytogenetic abnormalities in 67.6% of the cases with an incidence of 59% non-hyperdiploidy. The incidence of IGH translocation was 26% versus literature frequency of 40-50% which was mainly due to a low incidence (6%) of t(11;14) in contrast to 15-20% in other series. Additionally, the association of secondary progressive aberrations in the hyperdiploid group rather than the non-hyperdiploid group in our patients is not a common finding. A biallelic inactivation of TP53 as an ultra-high risk factor was detected in old-aged patients. These observations disclose the novel findings and strongly indicate the racial disparity which leads to geographic heterogeneity. In contrast to FISH, conventional karyotyping could detect MM-related aberrations in 50% of cases, of which 44% revealed highly complex karyotypes with common aberrations of chromosome 1q. Overall, FISH was found to be a novel, easy approach with high success rate and capability of detection of all cytogenetic abnormalities that add valid information for the risk stratification of disease. This, in future, in combination with mutation profile and gene expression profile will help in further refinement of disease and identification of actionable targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":11206,"journal":{"name":"Cytogenetic and Genome Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10534967/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10100889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000522581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000522581","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11206,"journal":{"name":"Cytogenetic and Genome Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39945211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postzygotic Breakages of Dicentric Chromosomes: A Rare Mechanism of Terminal Deletions.","authors":"Caroline Foucart,&nbsp;Gwenaël Le Guyader,&nbsp;Valérie Vequeau-Goua,&nbsp;Brigitte Gilbert-Dussardier,&nbsp;Matthieu Egloff","doi":"10.1159/000526747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000526747","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report a patient presenting with neurodevelopmental disorder, cleft palate, micrognathia, relatively mild microcephaly (-2 SD), and ventricular septal defect for whom a 9p terminal deletion was identified by aCGH at birth. The analyses of the samples taken prenatally showed that this terminal deletion resulted from the recombination of a dicentric chromosome which was transmitted to the zygote. Indeed, an inverted duplication with terminal deletion of the short arm of chromosome 9 [invdupdel(9p)] was found in a mosaic state in the placenta. To our knowledge, it is the first reported patient with a terminal deletion present in all tested cells of the blood associated with an invdupdel of the same chromosome in the placenta. This case highlights the role of postzygotic breakages of dicentric chromosomes, a possible underestimated mechanism of formation of terminal deletions. It raises the question of genetic counseling in cases of prenatally detected invdupdels.</p>","PeriodicalId":11206,"journal":{"name":"Cytogenetic and Genome Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10834373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chromosomal Evolution of Suboscines: Karyotype Diversity and Evolutionary Trends in Ovenbirds (Passeriformes, Furnariidae).","authors":"Victoria Tura, Rafael Kretschmer, Francisco de Menezes Cavalcante Sassi, Renata Luiza Rosa de Moraes, Suziane Alves Barcellos, Vitor Oliveira de Rosso, Marcelo Santos de Souza, Marcelo de Bello Cioffi, Ricardo J Gunski, Analía Del Valle Garnero","doi":"10.1159/000530428","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000530428","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Furnariidae (ovenbirds) is one of the most diversified families in the Passeriformes order and Suboscines suborder. Despite the great diversity of species, cytogenetic research is still in its early stages, restricting our knowledge of their karyotype evolution. We combined traditional and molecular cytogenetic analyses in three representative species, Synallaxis frontalis, Syndactyla rufosuperciliata, and Cranioleuca obsoleta, to examine the chromosomal structure and evolution of ovenbirds. Our findings revealed that all the species studied had the same diploid number (2n = 82). Differences in chromosomal morphology of some macrochromosomes indicate the presence of intrachromosomal rearrangements. Although the three species only had the 18S rDNA on one microchromosome pair, chromosomal mapping of six simple short repeats revealed a varied pattern of chromosome distribution among them, suggesting that each species underwent different repetitive DNA accumulation upon their divergence. The interspecific comparative genomic hybridization experiment revealed that the Furnariidae species investigated carry centromeric regions enriched in similar repetitive sequences, bolstering the Furnariidae family's karyotype conservation. Nonetheless, the outgroup species Turdus rufiventris (Turdidae) demonstrated an advanced stage of sequence divergence with hybridization signals that were almost entirely limited to a few microchromosomes. Overall, the findings imply that Furnariidae species have a high degree of chromosomal conservation, and we could also observe a differentiation of repetitive sequences in both Passeriformes suborders (Suboscines and Oscines).</p>","PeriodicalId":11206,"journal":{"name":"Cytogenetic and Genome Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9227427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence and Types of Fetal Chromosomal Abnormalities in First Trimester of Thai Pregnant Women between Miscarriages and Intrauterine Survivals.","authors":"Rachanee Parinayok,&nbsp;Prapatsorn Areesirisuk,&nbsp;Takol Chareonsirisuthigul,&nbsp;Warakorn Buchachat,&nbsp;Budsaba Rerkamnuaychoke","doi":"10.1159/000527977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000527977","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Abortion is a common pregnancy complication. Fetuses with several types of chromosomal abnormalities are aborted during the first trimester, while others have a better chance of surviving. This research aims to study and compare the incidence and types of fetal chromosomal abnormalities during the first trimester of Thai pregnant women between miscarriages and intrauterine survivals. Cytogenetic and BACs-on-Beads™ assays were assessed from 2010 to 2020 in Ramathibodi Hospital using first trimester samples of 265 chorionic villi as a retrospective study. Chromosomal abnormalities were observed in 135 cases (50.94%) including 38.11% miscarriages and 12.83% intrauterine survivals. In total, 75.56% single autosomal trisomies, 18.52% sex chromosome aneuploidies, 5.19% double aneuploidies, and 0.74% structural abnormalities were detected. In miscarriages, all chromosomes were involved in abnormalities except chromosomes 1, 5, 8, 9, 11, and 17, while survivals had only trisomy 13, 18, 21, and sex chromosome aneuploidy. Trisomy 16 and 18 were the most common abnormalities in miscarriages and intrauterine survivals, respectively. The highest rate of chromosomal aberrations was demonstrated in 8-9+6 and 12-13+6 weeks of gestation in miscarriages and intrauterine survivals, respectively. Correlation between chromosomal abnormalities and maternal age <35 years and ≥35 years was significant (p < 0.05) in intrauterine survival and first trimester groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":11206,"journal":{"name":"Cytogenetic and Genome Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10273899/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9701819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Key Genes from the Visceral Adipose Tissues of Overweight/Obese Adults with Hypertension through Transcriptome Sequencing.","authors":"Lanlan Liao,&nbsp;Lihui Zhang,&nbsp;Hongping Chen,&nbsp;Da Teng,&nbsp;Bowen Xu,&nbsp;Lei Gong,&nbsp;Lin Zhong,&nbsp;Chunxiao Wang,&nbsp;Haibin Dong,&nbsp;Wenjuan Jia,&nbsp;Jun Yang,&nbsp;Zhen Shi","doi":"10.1159/000528702","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000528702","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Overweight and obese (OW/OB) adults are at increased risk of hypertension due to visceral adipose tissue (VAT) inflammation. In this study, we explored gene level differences in the VAT of hypertensive and normotensive OW/OB patients. VAT samples obtained from six OW/OB adults (three hypertensive, three normotensive) were subjected to transcriptome sequencing analysis. Gene set enrichment analysis was conducted for all gene expression data to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with |log2 (fold change)| ≥ 1 and q < 0.05. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes functional enrichment analyses were performed on the DEGs, and hub genes were identified by constructing a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. The proposed hub genes were validated using quantitative real-time PCR in ten other samples from five hypertensive and five normotensive patients. In addition, we performed ROC analysis and Spearman correlation analysis. A total of 84 DEGs were identified between VAT samples from OW/OB patients with and without hypertension, among which 21 were significantly upregulated and 63 were significantly downregulated. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that spleen function was related to hypertension in OW/OB adults. Meanwhile, PPI network analysis identified the following top 10 hub genes: CD79A, CR2, SELL, CD22, IL7R, CCR7, TNFRSF13C, CXCR4, POU2AF1, and JAK3. Through qPCR verification, we found that CXCR4, CD22, and IL7R were statistically significant. qPCR verification suggested that RELA was statistically significant. However, qPCR verification indicated that NFKB1 and KLF2 were not statistically significant. These hub genes were mainly regulated by the transcription factor RELA. The AUC of ROC analysis for CXCR4, IL7R, and CD22 was 0.92. What is more, VAT CXCR4 and CD22 were positively related to RELA relative expression levels. Taken together, our research demonstrates that CXCR4, IL7R, and CD22 related to VAT in hypertensive OW/OB adults could serve as future therapeutic targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":11206,"journal":{"name":"Cytogenetic and Genome Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10534961/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10100385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Confirmation of Natural Hybridization between Kengyilia (StStYYPP) and Campeiostachys (StStYYHH) (Triticeae: Poaceae) Based on Morphological and Molecular Cytogenetic Analyses.","authors":"Yue-Chuan Luo,&nbsp;Chen Chen,&nbsp;Dan-Dan Wu,&nbsp;Jia-Le Lu,&nbsp;Li-Na Sha,&nbsp;Xing Fan,&nbsp;Yi-Ran Cheng,&nbsp;Hou-Yang Kang,&nbsp;Yi Wang,&nbsp;Yong-Hong Zhou,&nbsp;Chang-Bing Zhang,&nbsp;Hai-Qin Zhang","doi":"10.1159/000527781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000527781","url":null,"abstract":"Natural hybridization has been frequently observed in Triticeae; however, few studies have investigated the origin of natural intergeneric Triticeae hybrids. In the present study, we discovered three putative hybrid Triticeae plants in the Western Sichuan Plateau of China. Morphologically, the putative hybrids were intermediate between Kengyilia melanthera (2n = 6x = 42; StStYYPP) and Campeiostachys dahurica var. tangutorum (2n = 6x = 42; StStYYHH) with greater plant height and tiller number. Cytological analyses demonstrated that the hybrids were hexaploid with 42 chromosomes (2n = 6x = 42). At metaphase I, 12.10–12.58 bivalents and 13.81–14.18 univalents per cell were observed in the hybrid plants. Genomic in situ hybridization demonstrated that the hybrids had StStYYHP genomes. Phylogenetic analysis of Acc1 sequences indicated that the hybrids were closely related to K. melanthera and C. dahurica var. tangutorum. Our morphological, cytological, and molecular analyses indicate that these hexaploid natural hybrid plants may be hybrids of K. melanthera and C. dahurica var. tangutorum.","PeriodicalId":11206,"journal":{"name":"Cytogenetic and Genome Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9300129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}