Current opinion in lipidology最新文献_第2页

IF 3.8 3区医学

Current opinion in lipidology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000969

引用次数: 0

Recent advances in applying metabolomics to uncover dietary impact on cardiometabolic health. 应用代谢组学揭示饮食对心脏代谢健康影响的最新进展。

IF 3.8 3区医学

Current opinion in lipidology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000964

Naixin Zhang, Bjørn Lundbergh, Marta Guasch-Ferré

{"title":"Recent advances in applying metabolomics to uncover dietary impact on cardiometabolic health.","authors":"Naixin Zhang, Bjørn Lundbergh, Marta Guasch-Ferré","doi":"10.1097/MOL.0000000000000964","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOL.0000000000000964","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Cardiometabolic diseases are a major global health concern, with diet playing a crucial role in their prevention and management. Recent advancements in the identification of metabolic signatures related to dietary patterns offer a more objective assessment of individualized dietary exposure and provide deeper insights into diet-disease associations.Recent findings: Recent studies have shown that distinct metabolic signatures are associated with the adherence to various dietary patterns. These signatures show even stronger associations with cardiometabolic disease incidence, independent of traditional risk factors and self-reported adherence to such dietary patterns. Emerging dietary approaches, such as sustainable diets, health outcome-focused diets, and population data-driven dietary patterns, also hold promise for improving cardiometabolic health. Additionally, metabolic signatures could offer insights into diet-disease associations in underrepresented populations, addressing genetic and lifestyle differences.Summary: Application of metabolomics provides a more precise understanding of how dietary patterns influence cardiometabolic health. Although the number of studies remains limited, and current evidence is inconsistent, the approach has significant potential for improving clinical and public health strategies. Future research should prioritize prospective studies and address population- and outcome-specific dietary needs to enable targeted interventions that optimize cardiometabolic health.","PeriodicalId":11109,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in lipidology","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142681064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevention of cardiometabolic diseases through dietary modifications. 通过调整饮食预防心脏代谢疾病。

IF 3.8 3区医学

Current opinion in lipidology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000961

Lourdes Chávez-Alfaro, Víctor Silveira-Sanguino, Carmen Piernas

{"title":"Prevention of cardiometabolic diseases through dietary modifications.","authors":"Lourdes Chávez-Alfaro, Víctor Silveira-Sanguino, Carmen Piernas","doi":"10.1097/MOL.0000000000000961","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOL.0000000000000961","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) increasingly contribute to the cumulative burden of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Here, we reviewed intervention studies using a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design as well as meta-analyses of RCTs aimed at testing the effectiveness of different dietary approaches for CMD prevention.Recent findings: Recent studies testing dietary approaches for CMD prevention were summarized narratively, with a focus on interventions based on caloric restriction and fasting, healthy dietary patterns and food-based dietary modifications. Evidence supports intermittent fasting, Mediterranean, Nordic, DASH, low-carbohydrate/ketogenic and plant-based diets as effective strategies for improving cardiometabolic health. However, the benefits observed with some of these dietary patterns are linked to energy restriction, and the independent effects beyond weight loss remain unclear. The effectiveness of some strategies may also depend on the overall dietary quality and adherence to the programme.Summary: Recent findings highlight the importance of focusing on overall dietary patterns, rather than isolated nutrients, for preventing CMD. Future research should prioritize long-term intervention studies to assess the sustained effects of these dietary patterns on CMD outcomes.","PeriodicalId":11109,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in lipidology","volume":" ","pages":"14-20"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142603114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inflammation in atherosclerosis: a Big Idea that has underperformed so far.

IF 3.8 3区医学

Current opinion in lipidology Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000973

Kevin Jon Williams

{"title":"Inflammation in atherosclerosis: a Big Idea that has underperformed so far.","authors":"Kevin Jon Williams","doi":"10.1097/MOL.0000000000000973","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOL.0000000000000973","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: For many years, inflammation has been a major concept in basic research on atherosclerosis and in the development of potential diagnostic tools and treatments. The purpose of this review is to assess the performance of this concept with an emphasis on recent clinical trials. In addition, contemporary literature may help identify new therapeutic targets, particularly in the context of the treatment of early, rather than end-stage, arterial disease.Recent findings: Newly reported clinical trials cast doubt on the efficacy of colchicine, the sole anti-inflammatory agent currently approved for use in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). New analyses also challenge the hypothesis that residual ASCVD event risk after optimal management of lipids, blood pressure, and smoking arises primarily from residual inflammatory risk. Current clinical practice to initiate interventions so late in the course of atherosclerotic arterial disease may be a better explanation. Lipid-lowering therapy in early atherosclerosis, possibly combined with novel add-on agents to specifically accelerate resolution of maladaptive inflammation, may be more fruitful than the conventional approach of testing immunosuppressive strategies in end-stage arterial disease. Also discussed is the ongoing revolution in noninvasive technologies to image the arterial wall. These technologies are changing screening, diagnosis, and treatment of atherosclerosis, including early and possibly reversable disease.Summary: The burden of proof that the Big Idea of inflammation in atherosclerosis has clinical value remains the responsibility of its advocates. This responsibility requires convincing trial data but still seems largely unmet. Unfortunately, the focus on inflammation as the source of residual ASCVD event risk has distracted us from the need to screen and treat earlier.","PeriodicalId":11109,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in lipidology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11888836/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143022294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Navigating variants of uncertain significance in genetic dyslipidemia: how to assess and counsel patients.

IF 3.8 3区医学

Current opinion in lipidology Pub Date : 2024-12-17 DOI: 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000971

Hannah E Ison, Benjamin Helm, Gabriel Kringlen, Paul Crawford

{"title":"Navigating variants of uncertain significance in genetic dyslipidemia: how to assess and counsel patients.","authors":"Hannah E Ison, Benjamin Helm, Gabriel Kringlen, Paul Crawford","doi":"10.1097/MOL.0000000000000971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/MOL.0000000000000971","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Genetic testing has become an integral component of clinical care when an inherited condition is suspected. However, the interpretation of variants identified with this testing can be nuanced. Variants of uncertain significance (VUS) are variants for which there is not enough data currently available to determine if the variant is causal for disease (i.e. pathogenic) or is benign. VUS can exist on a spectrum with some leaning towards suspected pathogenicity and others leaning towards likely benign. Clinician understanding of variant interpretation can improve clinical care by providing more context around how suspicious a VUS is, determining whether additional steps should be taken to further evaluate the variant in question, and ensuring patient understanding of these results.Recent findings: Research on this topic highlights the complexities around VUS interpretation and counseling. VUS are not static: interpretations of pathogenicity change as new information is uncovered.Summary: This review aims to summarize this literature and provide insight into variant interpretation, practical steps clinicians can take to further assess a VUS, and considerations when counseling patients on these results.","PeriodicalId":11109,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in lipidology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Universal screening for familial hypercholesterolaemia: how can we maximise benefits and minimise potential harm for children and their families? 家族性高胆固醇血症的普遍筛查：如何最大限度地提高儿童及其家庭的受益程度，并最大限度地降低潜在危害。

IF 3.8 3区医学

Current opinion in lipidology Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000952

Uma Ramaswami, Lorraine Priestley-Barnham, Steve E Humphries

{"title":"Universal screening for familial hypercholesterolaemia: how can we maximise benefits and minimise potential harm for children and their families?","authors":"Uma Ramaswami, Lorraine Priestley-Barnham, Steve E Humphries","doi":"10.1097/MOL.0000000000000952","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOL.0000000000000952","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Universal Screening programmes to identify subjects with familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) have been the subject of much recent interest. However, any screening programme can cause harm as well as having potential benefits. Here we review recent papers using different ages and strategies to identify subjects with FH, and examine to what extent the publications provide quantitative or qualitative evidence of benefit or harm to children and adults.Recent findings: Three studies have been published over the last 2 years where Universal Screening for FH has been carried out in infancy, at the time of routine vaccinations, or at preschool age. Next-generation sequencing of all known FH-causing genes has been used to determine the proportion of screened individuals, who have total or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations above a predetermined threshold (such as >95th percentile), with genetically confirmed FH.Summary: While we fully support the concept of Universal Screening for FH, which appears feasible and of potential clinical utility at all of the different ages examined, there is little data to document potential benefit or how to mitigate potential harms. Future study protocols should include collection of such data to strengthen the case of roll out of Universal Screening programmes.","PeriodicalId":11109,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in lipidology","volume":" ","pages":"268-274"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11540274/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142371238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A contemporary snapshot of familial hypercholesterolemia registries. 家族性高胆固醇血症登记的现代快照。

IF 3.8 3区医学

Current opinion in lipidology Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000958

Seyed Saeed Tamehri Zadeh, Jing Pang, Dick C Chan, Gerald F Watts

{"title":"A contemporary snapshot of familial hypercholesterolemia registries.","authors":"Seyed Saeed Tamehri Zadeh, Jing Pang, Dick C Chan, Gerald F Watts","doi":"10.1097/MOL.0000000000000958","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOL.0000000000000958","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) registries can capture unique data on FH concerning real-world practice, clinic epidemiology, natural history, cascade testing, cardiovascular consequences of late diagnosis, and use of healthcare resources. Such registries are also valuable for identifying and bridging the gaps between guidelines and clinical practice. We reviewed recent findings from the principal FH registries.Recent findings: Most adult patients with heterozygous FH (HeFH) are diagnosed late, undertreated, and do not reach guideline-recommended low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) goals. In children and adolescents with HeFH, detection relies principally on genetic testing and measurement of LDL-C levels. Similarly, the majority of patients with homozygous FH (HoFH) receive sub-optimal cholesterol-lowering treatments and do not attain recommended LDL-C goals, gaps being wider in lower income than higher income countries. In HeFH patients, men have a higher risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease than women.Summary: The evolving data from FH registries provide real-world evidence for developing implementation strategies to address gaps across the continuum of care of FH worldwide.","PeriodicalId":11109,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in lipidology","volume":"35 6","pages":"297-302"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142589694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From clinical development to real-world outcomes with inclisiran. 克利西兰从临床开发到实际应用结果

IF 3.8 3区医学

Current opinion in lipidology Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000954

Derek L Connolly, Vinoda Sharma, Kausik K Ray

{"title":"From clinical development to real-world outcomes with inclisiran.","authors":"Derek L Connolly, Vinoda Sharma, Kausik K Ray","doi":"10.1097/MOL.0000000000000954","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOL.0000000000000954","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Inclisiran is a small interfering RNA that blocks hepatocyte production of the PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9) protein by specifically targeting PCKS9 mRNA in the cytoplasm. This results in reduced degradation of LDL receptors and thus lowers LDL cholesterol by around 50% in addition to other lipid-lowering therapies. beyond 6 years of therapy. This review covers the latest published data and outlines future studies currently in process.Recent findings: To date, half a million doses have been given worldwide with no untoward adverse events thus far. The twice-yearly injections make it potentially very user-friendly. The large phase 3a trials saw no diminution of effect with time up to nearly 7 years. Very large phase 3b randomized controlled trials are underway and may produce significant reductions in major adverse cardiovascular events.Summary: Inclisiran has been evaluated in numerous trials, primarily the ORION 9 26 , ORION 10 27 and ORION 11 28 studies, which demonstrated that in patients already on maximally tolerated statin therapy, biannual inclisiran injections reduced LDL cholesterol by up to 52% compared to placebo with a good safety profile. The only observed side effects were mild and transient at the injection site. As mentioned in the accompanying video, this adds to our armamentarium of lipid treatments.","PeriodicalId":11109,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in lipidology","volume":" ","pages":"281-289"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142343274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Oral agents for lowering lipoprotein(a). 降低脂蛋白（a）的口服药物。

IF 3.8 3区医学

Current opinion in lipidology Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000953

Stephen J Nicholls, Adam J Nelson, Laura F Michael

{"title":"Oral agents for lowering lipoprotein(a).","authors":"Stephen J Nicholls, Adam J Nelson, Laura F Michael","doi":"10.1097/MOL.0000000000000953","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOL.0000000000000953","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: To review the development of oral agents to lower Lp(a) levels as an approach to reducing cardiovascular risk, with a focus on recent advances in the field.Recent findings: Extensive evidence implicates Lp(a) in the causal pathway of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and calcific aortic stenosis. There are currently no therapies approved for lowering of Lp(a). The majority of recent therapeutic advances have focused on development of injectable agents that target RNA and inhibit synthesis of apo(a). Muvalaplin is the first, orally administered, small molecule inhibitor of Lp(a), which acts by disrupting binding of apo(a) and apoB, in clinical development. Nonhuman primate and early human studies have demonstrated the ability of muvalaplin to produce dose-dependent lowering of Lp(a). Ongoing clinical trials will evaluate the impact of muvalaplin in high cardiovascular risk and will ultimately need to determine whether this strategy lowers the rate of cardiovascular events.Summary: Muvalaplin is the first oral agent, developed to lower Lp(a) levels. The ability of muvalaplin to reduce cardiovascular risk remains to be investigated, in order to determine whether it will be a useful agent for the prevention of cardiovascular disease.","PeriodicalId":11109,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in lipidology","volume":" ","pages":"275-280"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142343275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibition: a pathway to reducing risk of morbidity and promoting longevity. 胆固醇酯转移蛋白抑制剂：降低发病风险和促进长寿的途径。

IF 3.8 3区医学

Current opinion in lipidology Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000955

Michael H Davidson, Andrew Hsieh, John J P Kastelein

{"title":"Cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibition: a pathway to reducing risk of morbidity and promoting longevity.","authors":"Michael H Davidson, Andrew Hsieh, John J P Kastelein","doi":"10.1097/MOL.0000000000000955","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOL.0000000000000955","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: To review the evidence and describe the biological plausibility for the benefits of inhibiting cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) on multiple organ systems through modification of lipoprotein metabolism.Recent findings: Results from observational studies, Mendelian randomization analyses, and randomized clinical trials support the potential of CETP inhibition to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk through a reduction of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins. In contrast, raising high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles, as previously hypothesized, did not contribute to ASCVD risk reduction. There is also an expanding body of evidence supporting the benefits of CETP inhibition for safeguarding against other conditions associated with aging, particularly new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus and dementia, as well as age-related macular degeneration, septicemia, and possibly chronic kidney disease. The latter are likely mediated through improved functionality of the HDL particle, including its role on cholesterol efflux and antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities.Summary: At present, there is robust clinical evidence to support the benefits of reducing CETP activity for ASCVD risk reduction, and plausibility exists for the promotion of longevity by reducing risks of several other conditions. An ongoing large clinical trial program of the latest potent CETP inhibitor, obicetrapib, is expected to provide further insight into CETP inhibition as a therapeutic target for these various conditions.","PeriodicalId":11109,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in lipidology","volume":"35 6","pages":"303-309"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11540282/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142589794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0