Current opinion in lipidology最新文献_第2页

Atherogenic low-density lipoprotein and cardiovascular risk. 致动脉粥样硬化低密度脂蛋白与心血管风险。

IF 3.8 3区医学

Current opinion in lipidology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000963

Javier Hernando-Redondo, Olga Castañer Niño, Montse Fitó

{"title":"Atherogenic low-density lipoprotein and cardiovascular risk.","authors":"Javier Hernando-Redondo, Olga Castañer Niño, Montse Fitó","doi":"10.1097/MOL.0000000000000963","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOL.0000000000000963","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Despite reductions in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (LDLc), residual cardiovascular risk remains due to factors beyond lipoprotein levels, such as LDL particle count, size, electronegativity and modifications. Technological advances allow detailed profiling of LDL particles, offering potential biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of this review is to provide an updated overview of the state of knowledge in the field of LDL atherosclerotic role, which is evolving rapidly due to technological advances in biomarker measurement and applications.Recent findings: While small dense LDL has been linked to increased CVD risk, current approaches favor a comprehensive evaluation of all lipoprotein subtypes, as this is a more feasible and standardized method. The atherogenic potential of circulating oxidized LDL (oxLDL) may be the key factor in the onset and progression of atherosclerosis. Thus, elevated oxLDL levels are recognized as a marker of increased CVD risk in both general and high-risk populations, although further research is needed to clarify some conflicting findings. The oxidized LDL receptor 1 (LOX-1) has emerged as a promising target for immunotherapy and innovative drug delivery strategies to modulate atherosclerosis.Summary: A panel of biomarkers related to LDL atherogenicity may help predict future ischemic events. An atheroprotective diet and increased physical activity could improve LDL oxidation. OxLDL has become a target for immunomodulatory antiatherosclerosis therapy and delivering LDL-based nanocarriers holds promise for both imaging and therapeutics.","PeriodicalId":11109,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in lipidology","volume":" ","pages":"8-13"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142784469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction: does novel proteomics reveal immunological possible candidate biomarkers? 子痫前期和胎儿生长受限：新的蛋白质组学是否揭示了可能的免疫候选生物标志物？

IF 3.8 3区医学

Current opinion in lipidology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000965

Marie Winther, Morten Hanefeld Dziegiel, Steffen Ullitz Thorsen

{"title":"Preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction: does novel proteomics reveal immunological possible candidate biomarkers?","authors":"Marie Winther, Morten Hanefeld Dziegiel, Steffen Ullitz Thorsen","doi":"10.1097/MOL.0000000000000965","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOL.0000000000000965","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The aim of this review is to explore a possible link between immunological candidate proteins, identified through modern proteomic techniques, and preeclampsia (PE) and fetal growth restriction (FGR).Recent findings: Proteomics has become a promising tool in the search for disease pathways, drug targets, and biomarkers. PE and FGR are adverse pregnancy complications with supposed immunological involvement in their pathogenesis, but no circulating immunological biomarkers are currently established for diagnosis and risk stratification. Several proteomic studies have aimed to identify PE and FGR biomarkers - often with varying results across studies. However, proteomics has revealed altered expression of human leukocyte antigen-I in PE cases, which is supported in Genome-wide association study (GWAS) studies. Proteomic results support the heterogeneous nature of PE by identification of molecular subgroups - including subgroups characterized by immune-related proteins e.g. CXCL10. No specific immunological markers are found on FGR, but differences in overall plasma proteomic signature have been suggested.Summary: Proteomics certainly holds great potential. The immunological component in PE and FGR are still unclarified, but improvements in proteomic technologies may provide both definition of disease subgroups and subsequent discovery of biomarkers and targeted analysis within each subgroup.","PeriodicalId":11109,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in lipidology","volume":" ","pages":"21-26"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142750221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editorial introductions. 编辑介绍。

IF 3.8 3区医学

Current opinion in lipidology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000969

引用次数: 0

Recent advances in applying metabolomics to uncover dietary impact on cardiometabolic health. 应用代谢组学揭示饮食对心脏代谢健康影响的最新进展。

IF 3.8 3区医学

Current opinion in lipidology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000964

Naixin Zhang, Bjørn Lundbergh, Marta Guasch-Ferré

{"title":"Recent advances in applying metabolomics to uncover dietary impact on cardiometabolic health.","authors":"Naixin Zhang, Bjørn Lundbergh, Marta Guasch-Ferré","doi":"10.1097/MOL.0000000000000964","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOL.0000000000000964","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Cardiometabolic diseases are a major global health concern, with diet playing a crucial role in their prevention and management. Recent advancements in the identification of metabolic signatures related to dietary patterns offer a more objective assessment of individualized dietary exposure and provide deeper insights into diet-disease associations.Recent findings: Recent studies have shown that distinct metabolic signatures are associated with the adherence to various dietary patterns. These signatures show even stronger associations with cardiometabolic disease incidence, independent of traditional risk factors and self-reported adherence to such dietary patterns. Emerging dietary approaches, such as sustainable diets, health outcome-focused diets, and population data-driven dietary patterns, also hold promise for improving cardiometabolic health. Additionally, metabolic signatures could offer insights into diet-disease associations in underrepresented populations, addressing genetic and lifestyle differences.Summary: Application of metabolomics provides a more precise understanding of how dietary patterns influence cardiometabolic health. Although the number of studies remains limited, and current evidence is inconsistent, the approach has significant potential for improving clinical and public health strategies. Future research should prioritize prospective studies and address population- and outcome-specific dietary needs to enable targeted interventions that optimize cardiometabolic health.","PeriodicalId":11109,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in lipidology","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142681064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevention of cardiometabolic diseases through dietary modifications. 通过调整饮食预防心脏代谢疾病。

IF 3.8 3区医学

Current opinion in lipidology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000961

Lourdes Chávez-Alfaro, Víctor Silveira-Sanguino, Carmen Piernas

{"title":"Prevention of cardiometabolic diseases through dietary modifications.","authors":"Lourdes Chávez-Alfaro, Víctor Silveira-Sanguino, Carmen Piernas","doi":"10.1097/MOL.0000000000000961","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOL.0000000000000961","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) increasingly contribute to the cumulative burden of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Here, we reviewed intervention studies using a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design as well as meta-analyses of RCTs aimed at testing the effectiveness of different dietary approaches for CMD prevention.Recent findings: Recent studies testing dietary approaches for CMD prevention were summarized narratively, with a focus on interventions based on caloric restriction and fasting, healthy dietary patterns and food-based dietary modifications. Evidence supports intermittent fasting, Mediterranean, Nordic, DASH, low-carbohydrate/ketogenic and plant-based diets as effective strategies for improving cardiometabolic health. However, the benefits observed with some of these dietary patterns are linked to energy restriction, and the independent effects beyond weight loss remain unclear. The effectiveness of some strategies may also depend on the overall dietary quality and adherence to the programme.Summary: Recent findings highlight the importance of focusing on overall dietary patterns, rather than isolated nutrients, for preventing CMD. Future research should prioritize long-term intervention studies to assess the sustained effects of these dietary patterns on CMD outcomes.","PeriodicalId":11109,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in lipidology","volume":" ","pages":"14-20"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142603114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inflammation in atherosclerosis: a Big Idea that has underperformed so far. 动脉粥样硬化中的炎症：一个迄今为止表现不佳的大想法。

IF 3.8 3区医学

Current opinion in lipidology Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000973

Kevin Jon Williams

{"title":"Inflammation in atherosclerosis: a Big Idea that has underperformed so far.","authors":"Kevin Jon Williams","doi":"10.1097/MOL.0000000000000973","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOL.0000000000000973","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: For many years, inflammation has been a major concept in basic research on atherosclerosis and in the development of potential diagnostic tools and treatments. The purpose of this review is to assess the performance of this concept with an emphasis on recent clinical trials. In addition, contemporary literature may help identify new therapeutic targets, particularly in the context of the treatment of early, rather than end-stage, arterial disease.Recent findings: Newly reported clinical trials cast doubt on the efficacy of colchicine, the sole anti-inflammatory agent currently approved for use in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). New analyses also challenge the hypothesis that residual ASCVD event risk after optimal management of lipids, blood pressure, and smoking arises primarily from residual inflammatory risk. Current clinical practice to initiate interventions so late in the course of atherosclerotic arterial disease may be a better explanation. Lipid-lowering therapy in early atherosclerosis, possibly combined with novel add-on agents to specifically accelerate resolution of maladaptive inflammation, may be more fruitful than the conventional approach of testing immunosuppressive strategies in end-stage arterial disease. Also discussed is the ongoing revolution in noninvasive technologies to image the arterial wall. These technologies are changing screening, diagnosis, and treatment of atherosclerosis, including early and possibly reversable disease.Summary: The burden of proof that the Big Idea of inflammation in atherosclerosis has clinical value remains the responsibility of its advocates. This responsibility requires convincing trial data but still seems largely unmet. Unfortunately, the focus on inflammation as the source of residual ASCVD event risk has distracted us from the need to screen and treat earlier.","PeriodicalId":11109,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in lipidology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11888836/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143022294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Navigating variants of uncertain significance in genetic dyslipidemia: how to assess and counsel patients. 在遗传性血脂异常中导航不确定意义的变异：如何评估和咨询患者。

IF 3.8 3区医学

Current opinion in lipidology Pub Date : 2024-12-17 DOI: 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000971

Hannah E Ison, Benjamin Helm, Gabriel Kringlen, Paul Crawford

{"title":"Navigating variants of uncertain significance in genetic dyslipidemia: how to assess and counsel patients.","authors":"Hannah E Ison, Benjamin Helm, Gabriel Kringlen, Paul Crawford","doi":"10.1097/MOL.0000000000000971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/MOL.0000000000000971","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Genetic testing has become an integral component of clinical care when an inherited condition is suspected. However, the interpretation of variants identified with this testing can be nuanced. Variants of uncertain significance (VUS) are variants for which there is not enough data currently available to determine if the variant is causal for disease (i.e. pathogenic) or is benign. VUS can exist on a spectrum with some leaning towards suspected pathogenicity and others leaning towards likely benign. Clinician understanding of variant interpretation can improve clinical care by providing more context around how suspicious a VUS is, determining whether additional steps should be taken to further evaluate the variant in question, and ensuring patient understanding of these results.Recent findings: Research on this topic highlights the complexities around VUS interpretation and counseling. VUS are not static: interpretations of pathogenicity change as new information is uncovered.Summary: This review aims to summarize this literature and provide insight into variant interpretation, practical steps clinicians can take to further assess a VUS, and considerations when counseling patients on these results.","PeriodicalId":11109,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in lipidology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Universal screening for familial hypercholesterolaemia: how can we maximise benefits and minimise potential harm for children and their families? 家族性高胆固醇血症的普遍筛查：如何最大限度地提高儿童及其家庭的受益程度，并最大限度地降低潜在危害。

IF 3.8 3区医学

Current opinion in lipidology Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000952

Uma Ramaswami, Lorraine Priestley-Barnham, Steve E Humphries

{"title":"Universal screening for familial hypercholesterolaemia: how can we maximise benefits and minimise potential harm for children and their families?","authors":"Uma Ramaswami, Lorraine Priestley-Barnham, Steve E Humphries","doi":"10.1097/MOL.0000000000000952","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOL.0000000000000952","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Universal Screening programmes to identify subjects with familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) have been the subject of much recent interest. However, any screening programme can cause harm as well as having potential benefits. Here we review recent papers using different ages and strategies to identify subjects with FH, and examine to what extent the publications provide quantitative or qualitative evidence of benefit or harm to children and adults.Recent findings: Three studies have been published over the last 2 years where Universal Screening for FH has been carried out in infancy, at the time of routine vaccinations, or at preschool age. Next-generation sequencing of all known FH-causing genes has been used to determine the proportion of screened individuals, who have total or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations above a predetermined threshold (such as >95th percentile), with genetically confirmed FH.Summary: While we fully support the concept of Universal Screening for FH, which appears feasible and of potential clinical utility at all of the different ages examined, there is little data to document potential benefit or how to mitigate potential harms. Future study protocols should include collection of such data to strengthen the case of roll out of Universal Screening programmes.","PeriodicalId":11109,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in lipidology","volume":" ","pages":"268-274"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11540274/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142371238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A contemporary snapshot of familial hypercholesterolemia registries. 家族性高胆固醇血症登记的现代快照。

IF 3.8 3区医学

Current opinion in lipidology Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000958

Seyed Saeed Tamehri Zadeh, Jing Pang, Dick C Chan, Gerald F Watts

{"title":"A contemporary snapshot of familial hypercholesterolemia registries.","authors":"Seyed Saeed Tamehri Zadeh, Jing Pang, Dick C Chan, Gerald F Watts","doi":"10.1097/MOL.0000000000000958","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOL.0000000000000958","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) registries can capture unique data on FH concerning real-world practice, clinic epidemiology, natural history, cascade testing, cardiovascular consequences of late diagnosis, and use of healthcare resources. Such registries are also valuable for identifying and bridging the gaps between guidelines and clinical practice. We reviewed recent findings from the principal FH registries.Recent findings: Most adult patients with heterozygous FH (HeFH) are diagnosed late, undertreated, and do not reach guideline-recommended low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) goals. In children and adolescents with HeFH, detection relies principally on genetic testing and measurement of LDL-C levels. Similarly, the majority of patients with homozygous FH (HoFH) receive sub-optimal cholesterol-lowering treatments and do not attain recommended LDL-C goals, gaps being wider in lower income than higher income countries. In HeFH patients, men have a higher risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease than women.Summary: The evolving data from FH registries provide real-world evidence for developing implementation strategies to address gaps across the continuum of care of FH worldwide.","PeriodicalId":11109,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in lipidology","volume":"35 6","pages":"297-302"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142589694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From clinical development to real-world outcomes with inclisiran. 克利西兰从临床开发到实际应用结果

IF 3.8 3区医学

Current opinion in lipidology Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000954

Derek L Connolly, Vinoda Sharma, Kausik K Ray

{"title":"From clinical development to real-world outcomes with inclisiran.","authors":"Derek L Connolly, Vinoda Sharma, Kausik K Ray","doi":"10.1097/MOL.0000000000000954","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOL.0000000000000954","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Inclisiran is a small interfering RNA that blocks hepatocyte production of the PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9) protein by specifically targeting PCKS9 mRNA in the cytoplasm. This results in reduced degradation of LDL receptors and thus lowers LDL cholesterol by around 50% in addition to other lipid-lowering therapies. beyond 6 years of therapy. This review covers the latest published data and outlines future studies currently in process.Recent findings: To date, half a million doses have been given worldwide with no untoward adverse events thus far. The twice-yearly injections make it potentially very user-friendly. The large phase 3a trials saw no diminution of effect with time up to nearly 7 years. Very large phase 3b randomized controlled trials are underway and may produce significant reductions in major adverse cardiovascular events.Summary: Inclisiran has been evaluated in numerous trials, primarily the ORION 9 26 , ORION 10 27 and ORION 11 28 studies, which demonstrated that in patients already on maximally tolerated statin therapy, biannual inclisiran injections reduced LDL cholesterol by up to 52% compared to placebo with a good safety profile. The only observed side effects were mild and transient at the injection site. As mentioned in the accompanying video, this adds to our armamentarium of lipid treatments.","PeriodicalId":11109,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in lipidology","volume":" ","pages":"281-289"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142343274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0