Current topics in microbiology and immunology最新文献_第5页

Correction to: Dengue Dilemma: Navigating Cross-Reactivity and Immune Challenges. 更正：登革热困境：导航交叉反应性和免疫挑战。

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/82_2025_323

Cristina R de Barros Cardoso, Thiago Cerqueira-Silva, Manoel Barral-Netto, Viviane S Boaventura

引用次数: 0

DNA Methylation in Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Cervical Cancer: Triage and Management. 宫颈上皮内瘤变和宫颈癌的DNA甲基化：分类和管理。

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-17775-9_5

Mila S Griffioen, Flavia Runello, Renske D M Steenbergen

{"title":"DNA Methylation in Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Cervical Cancer: Triage and Management.","authors":"Mila S Griffioen, Flavia Runello, Renske D M Steenbergen","doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-17775-9_5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-032-17775-9_5","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter discusses the role of DNA methylation, an epigenetic mechanism that regulates gene expression, as a key event in cervical carcinogenesis, and highlights its potential as a biomarker for detecting cervical cancer and high-grade precancerous lesions. Methylation levels of specific genes (methylation markers) gradually increase with cervical disease severity, allowing several clinical applications. Methylation markers have been evaluated as alternative triage tools for high-risk (hr) human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive women, including those with borderline or mildly abnormal cytology results, and for use in specific populations such as women living with HIV. Methylation testing often outperforms traditional cytology-based triage methods and offers long-term reassurance against cervical cancer when the result is negative. Additionally, methylation markers have shown prognostic potential in predicting the natural course of high-grade precancerous lesions, as well as a promising performance for the detection of recurrent disease. While ongoing research focuses on validating methylation testing in self-collected samples, low-resource settings, and HPV-vaccinated populations, current evidence supports its potential to enhance early detection, risk stratification, and post-treatment monitoring in cervical cancer prevention and care.","PeriodicalId":11102,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in microbiology and immunology","volume":"448 ","pages":"93-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146197579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

HPV Type Replacement After HPV Vaccination. HPV疫苗接种后HPV类型替换。

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-17775-9_6

Elizabeth M Anderson, Alfred J Saah, Joseph E Tota

{"title":"HPV Type Replacement After HPV Vaccination.","authors":"Elizabeth M Anderson, Alfred J Saah, Joseph E Tota","doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-17775-9_6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-032-17775-9_6","url":null,"abstract":"Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination effectively reduces the risk of HPV-attributable cancers, including cervical, vulvar, vaginal, anal, oropharyngeal, and other head and neck cancers. Concerns for a lower-than-expected vaccine impact, as defined as an increase in the prevalence of precancer by nonvaccine types, compared to that anticipated based on attribution studies, have been raised in the postvaccination era. Three distinct and nonmutually exclusive processes-HPV type replacement, clinical unmasking, and viral unmasking-could be responsible for this apparent increase of nonvaccine types. HPV type replacement, in which nonvaccine types fill a niche left vacant after the elimination of vaccine types, is unlikely to occur due to the remarkable genetic stability of the virus and the lack of natural competition between individual HPV types. However, clinical unmasking, in which the absence of clinical interventions aimed at eliminating cervical disease caused by vaccine types permits uninterrupted progression of nonvaccine types, may occur since HPV coinfections are common. Alternatively, the observed shift could be completely erroneous due to the false discovery of type replacement via viral unmasking, a diagnostic assay artifact. In this chapter, we describe these processes and the mechanisms underlying them.","PeriodicalId":11102,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in microbiology and immunology","volume":"448 ","pages":"113-127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146197604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Innate Immune and Inflammatory Responses to Dengue Virus Infection. 登革病毒感染的先天免疫和炎症反应。

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/82_2025_291

Luiza J Hübner, Fernando R Ascenção, Daniel S Mansur

引用次数: 0

Dengue: Historical Aspects. 登革热：历史方面。

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/82_2025_289

Myrna Cristina Bonaldo, Samuel Goldenberg, Ricardo Galler, Claudia Nunes Duarte Dos Santos

{"title":"Dengue: Historical Aspects.","authors":"Myrna Cristina Bonaldo, Samuel Goldenberg, Ricardo Galler, Claudia Nunes Duarte Dos Santos","doi":"10.1007/82_2025_289","DOIUrl":"10.1007/82_2025_289","url":null,"abstract":"To write about dengue retrospective epidemiology is a challenging subject because until laboratory diagnosis tests were developed to confirm human infections by dengue virus (DENV) between 1940 and 1950, all reports about disease or epidemics referred to a generic \"dengue/break bone fever/contagious fever/bilious remitting fever.\" These nomenclatures employed in past times had perspectives based on medical reports, letters and diaries of people living in the affected areas at the time, and local newspaper reports. As Packard (Bull Hist Med 90(2):193-221) highlighted, the difficulty of using historical sources and \"the ambiguous nature\" of eighteenth-century disease categories turns the analysis puzzling. Nevertheless, if judiciously used, it can illuminate the history of dengue epidemics over time.In this chapter, we will focus on three periods that were pivotal to shaping our current understanding of dengue disease and epidemiology: (1) First reports of a dengue-like disease and the impact of the infection during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries; (2) The impact of the II World War (II WW) on the spread of the DENV and its vector worldwide; and (3) The re-introduction of dengue in the Americas and the challenge of Public Health services to control the dramatic escalation of cases and the introduction of new serotypes/genotypes. It is worth mentioning that in the last years, South and Central America and Caribe account for more than 80% of dengue cases in the world (PAHO).","PeriodicalId":11102,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in microbiology and immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143995009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tracing Dengue's Evolutionary and Phylogenetic Pathways. 追踪登革热的进化和系统发生途径。

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/82_2025_288

Talita Émile Ribeiro Adelino, Marta Giovanetti

{"title":"Tracing Dengue's Evolutionary and Phylogenetic Pathways.","authors":"Talita Émile Ribeiro Adelino, Marta Giovanetti","doi":"10.1007/82_2025_288","DOIUrl":"10.1007/82_2025_288","url":null,"abstract":"Dengue virus (DENV) is a rapidly evolving arbovirus responsible for significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Understanding its evolutionary trajectory is essential for tracking viral emergence, transmission dynamics, and the factors driving its geographic expansion. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the genetic diversification and phylogenetic pathways of DENV, focusing on serotype evolution and the classification of genetic lineages. We discuss molecular phylogenetics as a key tool for elucidating the evolutionary relationships among DENV strains and highlight the application of phylodynamic approaches to infer viral dispersal patterns in endemic and newly affected regions. Furthermore, we examine the historical spread of DENV, with particular attention to cross-border transmission events facilitated by human mobility and trade. Additionally, we explore the role of climatic and ecological drivers, such as temperature fluctuations, vector adaptation, and urbanization, in shaping the evolutionary dynamics of the virus. By integrating genomic, epidemiological, and ecological data, this chapter underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to dengue surveillance and control, ultimately contributing to the refinement of predictive models and public health interventions aimed at mitigating the impact of DENV outbreaks.","PeriodicalId":11102,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in microbiology and immunology","volume":" ","pages":"17-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Immune Responses to Human Papillomavirus After Infection and Vaccination. 人乳头瘤病毒感染和接种后的免疫应答。

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-17775-9_1

Hannah S Newton, Daniel B Zwick, Troy J Kemp, Ligia A Pinto

{"title":"Immune Responses to Human Papillomavirus After Infection and Vaccination.","authors":"Hannah S Newton, Daniel B Zwick, Troy J Kemp, Ligia A Pinto","doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-17775-9_1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-032-17775-9_1","url":null,"abstract":"Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections globally, infecting most sexually active individuals. HPV infection is usually asymptomatic and often transient; however, some infections can persist and cause cancer. In fact, HPV is the main cause of cervical cancer and can also cause cancer of the penis, anus, vagina, vulva, mouth, or throat. Fortunately, there are seven approved vaccines available that are highly effective at preventing infection and HPV-associated cancers. Nevertheless, there is still a need for a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying natural and vaccine-elicited immunity to HPV. Immune responses after natural infection or vaccination encompass both humoral and cell-mediated responses. In natural infection, cell-mediated responses are believed to be responsible for the elimination of virus-infected cells. However, many individuals do not appear to seroconvert following infection. Conversely, vaccination elicits long-lasting antibody levels and robust cell-mediated immune memory. Despite the number of publications on HPV infection and prophylactic vaccine responses, many immune mechanisms, as well as the influence of infection site, remain to be elucidated. In addition, there is an increasing interest to understand the potential role of specific effector functions of antibodies and T cell subsets on vaccine-elicited protection-particularly, how these mechanisms may differ with vaccine type, adjuvant, and dosing schedule. Finally, standardization of relevant immune assessments is critical to facilitate comparisons across studies and new vaccine developments.","PeriodicalId":11102,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in microbiology and immunology","volume":"448 ","pages":"1-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146197582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Systemic Chronic Active Epstein-Barr Virus Disease. 系统性慢性活动性eb病毒病。

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1007/82_2025_336

Claire Shannon-Lowe

引用次数: 0

EBNA2 and EBNA-LP: The Earliest Viral Latency Proteins. EBNA2和ena - lp：最早的病毒潜伏期蛋白。

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1007/82_2025_335

Jana M Cable, Jenna C Grabowski, Micah A Luftig

{"title":"EBNA2 and EBNA-LP: The Earliest Viral Latency Proteins.","authors":"Jana M Cable, Jenna C Grabowski, Micah A Luftig","doi":"10.1007/82_2025_335","DOIUrl":"10.1007/82_2025_335","url":null,"abstract":"EBNA2 and EBNA-LP are the earliest expressed viral latency proteins following Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection of B cells and are essential for cellular transformation and immortalization. Both proteins are co-expressed during latency IIb and III states and exhibit temporal regulation from viral promoters Wp to Cp during the initial 24 h of infection. Recent advances have fundamentally transformed our understanding of EBNA2's mechanisms of action, revealing its ability to undergo liquid-liquid phase separation to form nuclear condensates that reorganize host chromatin topology and create accessible chromatin domains. EBNA2 functions through sophisticated partnerships with cellular transcription factors including RBP-Jκ and EBF1, exploiting preexisting B cell transcriptional networks by targeting super-enhancers and establishing new enhancer-promoter contacts that alter over 1700 chromatin looping interactions genome-wide. The protein's unique structural features, including the virus-specific N-terminal END domain and intrinsically disordered regions critical for phase separation, represent potential therapeutic targets. Importantly, EBNA2 has emerged as a critical factor in autoimmune disease pathogenesis, with specific alleles conferring differential multiple sclerosis risk through binding at autoimmune susceptibility loci. While historically viewed as an EBNA2 coactivator, EBNA-LP has been revealed to have essential EBNA2-independent functions, serving as a key viral antagonist of restriction factors Sp100 and Sp140L to prevent innate antiviral sensing and enable successful viral genome establishment. EBNA-LP regulates chromatin architecture through interactions with YY1 and modulates transcription factor-binding accessibility at cellular genes, while both proteins cooperate at EBV super-enhancers to control target gene networks essential for B cell transformation and survival.","PeriodicalId":11102,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in microbiology and immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145653743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

AKT as a Therapeutic Target in Cancer. AKT作为肿瘤的治疗靶点。

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1007/82_2025_334

Khine N Myint, Igor Vivanco

引用次数: 0