Current topics in microbiology and immunology最新文献_第3页

Resolution Pharmacology Targeting the Melanocortin System. 靶向黑素皮质素系统的分辨率药理学。

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2026-05-19 DOI: 10.1007/82_2026_343

Nicholas J Day, Camilla S A Davan-Wetton, Natalya Khodeneva, Mohammed T Hussain, Trinidad Montero-Melendez

{"title":"Resolution Pharmacology Targeting the Melanocortin System.","authors":"Nicholas J Day, Camilla S A Davan-Wetton, Natalya Khodeneva, Mohammed T Hussain, Trinidad Montero-Melendez","doi":"10.1007/82_2026_343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/82_2026_343","url":null,"abstract":"The simple but profound conceptual change in our understanding of how inflammation is terminated resulted in the emergence of a new field of research offering new opportunities for drug development. The realisation that inflammation is terminated through the orchestration of coordinated cellular and molecular responses shifted the efforts in the search for new medicines to target chronic inflammation towards the exploitation of our body's own pro-resolving mechanisms. The melanocortin system, a pro-resolving system formed by a family of five G-protein-coupled receptors and a series of endogenous peptides, is a candidate under intense efforts for the development of new drugs for the treatment of conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, and others with underlying chronic inflammation. Indeed, several melanocortin drugs have already reached regulatory approval and are currently used in patients. Here we describe the therapeutic potential of targeting the melanocortin system and its role in the resolution of inflammation, we summarise the developmental efforts to generate improved molecules, and we analyse the areas requiring further development in order to keep progressing into novel medicines.","PeriodicalId":11102,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in microbiology and immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147962482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Resolution of Skeletal Muscle Inflammation: Role of Specialized Pro-resolving Lipid Mediators in the Recovery from Exercise, Injury, and Disease. 骨骼肌炎症的解决：专门的促溶解脂质介质在运动、损伤和疾病恢复中的作用。

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2026-05-15 DOI: 10.1007/82_2026_344

Xinyue Lu, Hamood Rehman, James F Markworth

{"title":"Resolution of Skeletal Muscle Inflammation: Role of Specialized Pro-resolving Lipid Mediators in the Recovery from Exercise, Injury, and Disease.","authors":"Xinyue Lu, Hamood Rehman, James F Markworth","doi":"10.1007/82_2026_344","DOIUrl":"10.1007/82_2026_344","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines the resolution biology and pharmacology of skeletal muscle inflammation across the physiological contexts of exercise, acute injury, and chronic musculoskeletal disease. Central to these processes are specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs), bioactive metabolites of omega-6 (n-6) arachidonic acid (ARA), omega-3 (n-3) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and n-3 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), formed by the coordinated action of mammalian lipoxygenase (LOX) enzymes. Unlike traditional anti-inflammatory mechanisms that passively dissipate, SPMs actively coordinate resolution by limiting polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) infiltration, stimulating efferocytosis, and orchestrating the macrophage (MΦ) transition from a pro-inflammatory to a reparative phenotype. We explore how physical activity serves as a natural stimulus for these pathways, as acute resistance or endurance exercise triggers transient SPM biosynthetic circuits, while chronic training primes the immune system for enhanced resolution. A critical focus is placed on \"resolution-interference\" caused by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which may delay repair by suppressing endogenous mediators and impairing muscle stem cell (satellite cell) activity. Furthermore, we review a significant paradigm shift involving the discovery that lipid mediator class switching is an intrinsic requirement for the myogenic differentiation program. By evaluating preclinical models of \"resolution deficit,\" including sarcopenia, muscular dystrophy, and volumetric muscle loss, we highlight the therapeutic potential of pharmacological \"immunoresolvents.\" Ultimately, leveraging these pathways represents a sophisticated therapeutic frontier that moves beyond simple inflammation suppression to directly drive stem cell-mediated muscle regeneration and functional recovery.","PeriodicalId":11102,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in microbiology and immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147940313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epstein-Barr Virus: From the Detection of Sequence Polymorphisms to the Recognition of Viral Strains. 爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒：从序列多态性检测到病毒株识别。

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2026-03-27 DOI: 10.1007/82_2026_341

Rémy Poirey, Bowen Bai, Hao Li, Anton Kutikhin, Susanne Delecluse, Henri-Jacques Delecluse

引用次数: 0

Why and How Epstein-Barr Virus Was Discovered 50 Years Ago. 50年前，爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒是如何被发现的。

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2026-03-26 DOI: 10.1007/82_2026_340

Anthony Epstein

引用次数: 0

The T Cell Response to Epstein-Barr Virus. T细胞对eb病毒的反应

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1007/82_2025_339

Heather M Long, Graham S Taylor

引用次数: 0

The Biology and Clinical Utility of EBV Monitoring in Blood. 血液中EBV监测的生物学和临床应用。

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1007/82_2025_337

Laura F Walsh, Rena R Xian, Richard F Ambinder

{"title":"The Biology and Clinical Utility of EBV Monitoring in Blood.","authors":"Laura F Walsh, Rena R Xian, Richard F Ambinder","doi":"10.1007/82_2025_337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/82_2025_337","url":null,"abstract":"Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA in blood is associated with many diseases, though most often it is not linked to any disease. EBV DNA can be measured in whole blood, PBMCs, serum, or plasma. Using the most sensitive assays, viral DNA can be detected in PBMCs in nearly all individuals who have been infected. Among organ transplant recipients, higher EBV DNA copy numbers in PBMCs may reflect the degree of immunosuppression and could help guide pharmacologic management. In patients with EBV-PTLD, treatment with rituximab or other anti-B cell therapies typically eliminates measurable EBV DNA in PBMCs, even when the disease continues to progress-making further PBMC measurements of limited value. In other settings, such as HIV associated lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), or Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), EBV DNA levels in PBMCs do not appear useful for diagnosis or monitoring. Measurement of viral DNA in cell-free (CF) DNA is fundamentally different from measurement in PBMC or whole blood, as EBV DNA is generally undetectable in CF DNA in most seropositive individuals without EBV associated disease. In NPC and HL, evidence suggests that CF EBV DNA typically originates from tumor cells and is not packaged in virions. Persistence of CF DNA correlates closely with residual tumor presence. In NPC and NK/T cell lymphoma (NK/TCL), CF DNA assays are now commonly used for tumor monitoring. This is not yet standard in EBV-positive HL but represents a promising area for further research. EBV DNA is also assayed in whole blood in many clinical settings. This approach can detect high copy numbers in both cellular and CF compartments with minimal processing, but it obscures compartment-specific differences. Studies of EBV DNA fragmentomics and methylation in plasma offer new insights into tumor presence and potentially tumor type.","PeriodicalId":11102,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in microbiology and immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146112396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The EBNA3 Proteins. EBNA3蛋白。

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1007/82_2025_338

Robert E White

引用次数: 0

Global Genomic Surveillance: On-The-Ground Responses. 全球基因组监测：实地反应。

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/82_2025_287

Luiz Carlos Junior Alcantara, Ana Maria Bispo de Filippis, Marta Giovanetti

{"title":"Global Genomic Surveillance: On-The-Ground Responses.","authors":"Luiz Carlos Junior Alcantara, Ana Maria Bispo de Filippis, Marta Giovanetti","doi":"10.1007/82_2025_287","DOIUrl":"10.1007/82_2025_287","url":null,"abstract":"Genomic surveillance has emerged as a fundamental tool in the global response to dengue virus (DENV), enabling the rapid detection of viral strains, monitoring of transmission dynamics, and assessment of evolutionary changes that may impact disease control strategies. This chapter examines the critical role of genomic surveillance in addressing the ongoing dengue crisis, highlighting its contributions to outbreak detection, strain characterization, and vaccine efficacy assessments. We provide a comparative analysis of regional approaches to genomic surveillance, emphasizing disparities in infrastructure, sequencing capacity, and data-sharing frameworks across different epidemiological settings. Despite its transformative potential, the implementation of genomic surveillance faces significant challenges, including logistical constraints, limited sequencing accessibility in resource-limited settings, and issues related to data integration and public health decision-making. We discuss these barriers and propose strategies to enhance genomic surveillance efforts, such as strengthening international collaborations, fostering capacity-building initiatives, and integrating real-time sequencing technologies with epidemiological and ecological modeling. Finally, we explore future directions in genomic surveillance, advocating for a more coordinated and sustainable approach to genomic data generation and utilization, ultimately improving global preparedness and response to dengue and other emerging arboviruses.","PeriodicalId":11102,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in microbiology and immunology","volume":" ","pages":"351-361"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145112224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Entomological Surveillance and Vector Competence: A Crucial Front in Dengue Prevention. 昆虫学监测和媒介能力：登革热预防的重要前沿。

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/82_2025_293

Jose Henrique M Oliveira, Rafael Maciel-de-Freitas

引用次数: 0

Antiviral Strategies Against Dengue Virus: Recent Insights into Compounds Targeting Viral and Host Factors. 针对登革热病毒的抗病毒策略：针对病毒和宿主因子的化合物的最新见解。

3区医学

Current topics in microbiology and immunology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/82_2025_322

Anjaranirina Koloina Rakotoarimanana, Patrick Carriere Richez, Voahangy Vestalys Ramanandraibe, Anne Bialecki, Chaker El Kalamouni

{"title":"Antiviral Strategies Against Dengue Virus: Recent Insights into Compounds Targeting Viral and Host Factors.","authors":"Anjaranirina Koloina Rakotoarimanana, Patrick Carriere Richez, Voahangy Vestalys Ramanandraibe, Anne Bialecki, Chaker El Kalamouni","doi":"10.1007/82_2025_322","DOIUrl":"10.1007/82_2025_322","url":null,"abstract":"Dengue virus (DENV), the most prevalent arbovirus worldwide, continues to pose a major public health threat with no approved antiviral therapy to date. Despite decades of research, therapeutic development remains stalled at the preclinical stage, hindered by the virus's genetic variability, narrow therapeutic window, and complex interplay with the host immune system. This review offers a comprehensive overview of current antiviral strategies, covering both direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) targeting viral proteins (E, prM/M, C, NS2B/NS3, NS4A/B, and NS5) and host-targeting antivirals (HTAs) interfering with viral entry, replication, assembly, and immune modulation. Across 11 mechanistic categories, we observe a strong prevalence of natural products with in vitro efficacy, but limited advancement to in vivo or clinical testing. This translational gap reflects key limitations: restricted compound availability, lack of pharmacokinetic data, and insufficient collaboration between pharmacognosy, virology, and medicinal chemistry. We highlight the urgent need for integrated efforts to optimize promising leads and promote their clinical development. This review outlines the main challenges and perspectives to reinvigorate antiviral discovery against DENV.","PeriodicalId":11102,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in microbiology and immunology","volume":" ","pages":"287-335"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0