{"title":"Improving the selectivity of electrochemical CO2 reduction to multicarbon chemicals through microenvironment engineering","authors":"Shouzhong Zou","doi":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101759","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101759","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (eCO<sub>2</sub>RR) is a promising approach to reduce the concentration of CO<sub>2</sub> in the atmosphere and produce value-added chemicals. Due to the high stability of CO<sub>2</sub> and the complex reaction pathways, the selectivity and reaction rate of converting CO<sub>2</sub> into high-value chemicals, especially multicarbon products, remain unsatisfactory for viable commercial applications. In conjunction with developing catalysts with high intrinsic activity and selectivity, engineering the microenvironment to which the catalysts are exposed has become a versatile and effective means to steer the reaction pathway toward desirable C<sub>2+</sub> products with high selectivity and at a practically viable current density. This review provides an overview of recent advancements in steering eCO<sub>2</sub>RR toward C<sub>2+</sub> on Cu-based catalysts through microenvironment engineering in the past two years. Selective examples are used to illustrate the efficacy of each microenvironment engineering approach. Perspectives on future research directions are also provided.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11028,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Electrochemistry","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101759"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A critical review of electrosynthesized molecularly imprinted polymers in electrochemical sensing: Pros and cons","authors":"Abdellatif Ait Lahcen , Kawtar Saidi , Aziz Amine","doi":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101752","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101752","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrosynthesized Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (e-MIPs) represent a key advancement in electrochemical sensing, thanks to their remarkable selectivity, stability, and ease of fabrication through electropolymerization. However, challenges remain, particularly regarding reproducibility and electrochemical stability, which hinder their practical application. This review critically analyzes the latest developments in e-MIP-based electrochemical sensors, emphasizing their advantages and drawbacks. It discusses cutting-edge electropolymerization methods, signal amplification techniques, and the incorporation of emerging technologies like artificial intelligence and wearable sensors. By thoroughly examining recent innovations, this review aims to determine whether e-MIP-based electrochemical sensors constitute a meaningful breakthrough or if existing obstacles continue to limit their wider adoption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11028,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Electrochemistry","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101752"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electroanalysis of proteins and peptides via amino acid residues","authors":"Elena V. Suprun","doi":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101751","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101751","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Protein and peptide electroanalysis on solid electrodes is not limited to six ‘electroactive’ amino acid residues, but can involve almost all amino acids. In addition to the L-enantiomers of amino acids, the D-enantiomers should also be taken into account. The 3D-structure and large molecular weight affect electrochemical behavior of peptides and proteins compared to free amino acids. Voltammetry and amperometric flow-injection analysis allow one to detect protein molecules and to register their mutations, post-translational modifications, denaturation, degradation, aggregation, and complexation with metal ions by the oxidation signal of amino acid residues. Short-chain bioactive peptides should be considered as a new challenge for electrochemistry due to their wide range of biological activities and applications, including antioxidant, antihypertensive, antiobesity, antimicrobial, and anticancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11028,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Electrochemistry","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101751"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electrochemical lateral flow assays: A new frontier for rapid and quantitative biosensing","authors":"Vernalyn Abarintos, Andrew Piper, Arben Merkoci","doi":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101750","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101750","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrochemical lateral flow assays (eLFAs) have emerged as a promising alternative to traditional colorimetric LFAs, particularly for applications requiring quantitative readouts and improved sensitivity. Over the past two years, significant advancements have been made in eLFA design, fabrication, and analytical performance, positioning them as promising candidates for decentralized diagnostics and point-of-care (POC) testing. This review highlights recent advances in electrode integration techniques, redox-based signal amplification strategies, and the incorporation of wireless and battery-free electrochemical readout platforms. Multiplexed detection and real-time wireless data transmission have also been demonstrated, further increasing the utility of eLFAs in clinical and field settings. Additionally, innovative strategies to control contact pressure, optimize sample flow, and maintain device stability are being explored to improve reproducibility and usability. Despite these advancements, challenges remain, including biofouling, variability in sample matrices, and the need for standardized protocols across platforms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11028,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Electrochemistry","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101750"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145096258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pythagore L. Kyabutwa , Nadiah Alyamni , Jandro L. Abot , Alexander G. Zestos
{"title":"Recent trends in electrochemical methods for real-time detection of heavy metals in water and soil: A review","authors":"Pythagore L. Kyabutwa , Nadiah Alyamni , Jandro L. Abot , Alexander G. Zestos","doi":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101749","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101749","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heavy trace elements (HTEs), including toxic metals such as lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), and arsenic (As), present a growing environmental and public health concern due to their persistence and bioaccumulation in water and soil systems. Driven by increased demand for strategic and rare earth metals in emerging technologies, anthropogenic activities such as mining, industrial discharge, and agriculture have intensified environmental contamination. Traditional detection methods such as (<em>in situ</em> and online) applications. This review highlights recent advances in standard electrochemical techniques, particularly voltammetric ones such as square wave voltammetry (SWV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV), in addition to being non-voltammetric including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and chronopotentiometry methods enhanced by nanomaterials, including carbon nanomaterials: single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs); metal and metal oxide nanoparticles; polymer and hybrid nanocomposites; and metal organic frameworks (MOFs). These materials improve sensor sensitivity, selectivity, stability, and portability of standard electrochemical methods, making them ideal for real-time and <em>in situ</em> and online for HTEs. In this review article, current innovations in standard electrochemical techniques with nanomaterials and hybrid nanocomposites improving sensor architecture, functionalization, sensitivity and selectivity are discussed alongside performance metrics and limitations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11028,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Electrochemistry","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101749"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145096259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sondes Ben-Aissa, Suryasnata Tripathy, Anthony Edward George Cass
{"title":"Implantable electrochemical biosensors: Challenges, strategies, and applications","authors":"Sondes Ben-Aissa, Suryasnata Tripathy, Anthony Edward George Cass","doi":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101745","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101745","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Applying biosensor technologies to continuous, real-time measurements in living creatures, including humans, offers an exciting range of possibilities for a better understanding of both normal physiology and disease. It also comes with a collection of technical, ethical and regulatory needs that render the transition of electrochemical biosensors from in vitro to in vivo exceptionally challenging. In this review, we address the advances in the components of implantable electrochemical biosensors. These include the integration of molecular recognition elements, materials design, supply of electrical power, fabrication of instrumentation packages and communications protocols. Significant challenges that remain include those associated with biocompatibility, sterility, device lifetime, calibration and user acceptability. Regulatory aspects whether of medical or consumer devices are essential to address and need to be an early consideration in device design, as are the use cases to which the implanted sensor will ultimately address.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11028,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Electrochemistry","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101745"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145046148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Supratim Mahapatra, Daphika S. Dkhar, Ankur Singh, Pranjal Chandra
{"title":"Metallic nanoparticle-based glassy carbon electrodes for smart biosensing","authors":"Supratim Mahapatra, Daphika S. Dkhar, Ankur Singh, Pranjal Chandra","doi":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101748","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101748","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glassy carbon electrodes (GCEs) remain a cornerstone in electrochemical biosensing due to their conductivity, stability, and reliability for surface modifications. Incorporation of metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) onto GCEs has significantly improved biosensor performance, particularly in terms of sensitivity, selectivity, and signal transduction. Despite extensive applications using noble and transition metal nanostructures, a systematic understanding of how MNP characteristics such as morphology, composition, and deposition methods impact biosensing across enzymatic, immunological, and nucleic acid platforms remains underexplored. This review critically examines recent advances in MNP-GCE systems, emphasizing nanomaterial design, surface functionalization strategies, and incorporating emerging smart biosensing trends. It discusses the integration of artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies for next-generation smart sensing applications. Key challenges such as reproducibility, real-sample compatibility, and commercial scalability are highlighted, along with future directions for advancing robust, intelligent biosensors for point-of-care and digital healthcare applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11028,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Electrochemistry","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101748"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145007685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Confined electrochemistry in nanocavities: Perspective and techniques","authors":"Din Zelikovich , Pavel Savchenko , Daniel Mandler","doi":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101747","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101747","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The understanding that chemical reactions carried out under nanoconfinement behave significantly differently than in the bulk has motivated electrochemists to study electrochemical processes in nanometer-sized volumes. Significant work has been performed in nanopores where the reactants and products enter and leave at different places. This has been primarily applied to protein and DNA sequencing. Yet, fewer studies have been devoted to studying electrochemical reactions in nanocavities where there is only a single opening. This review summarizes the growing activity in this relatively new area, which includes the approaches for making nanocavities, the ways the nanocavities are analyzed, and the present and future applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11028,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Electrochemistry","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101747"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144933480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Janiennid Alicea Tirado , Gina DelMonache , Shwetha Prakash, Pratahdeep Gogoi, Xiaoli Ge, Yuguang C. Li
{"title":"Decoupling activity and selectivity in catalysis reactions with plasma electrochemical systems","authors":"Janiennid Alicea Tirado , Gina DelMonache , Shwetha Prakash, Pratahdeep Gogoi, Xiaoli Ge, Yuguang C. Li","doi":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101746","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101746","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrochemical systems are considered key technologies for integrating directly with renewable energy sources. However, the development and industrial adoption of certain electrochemical systems are hindered by low efficiencies and current densities, particularly for the activation of inert chemical bonds. Plasma-electrochemical systems have emerged as a transformative approach to overcoming these challenges by decoupling the requirement for bond activation and reaction selectivity. This hybrid configuration allows plasma to drive the activation of strong chemical bonds, while the electrochemical interface controls product formation. As a result, activity and selectivity can be optimized independently, offering a significant advantage over conventional approaches. Plasma-electrochemical systems have been successfully applied in ammonia synthesis, CO<sub>2</sub> reduction, methane activation, and environmental pollutant remediation. This review discusses recent advancements in plasma-electrochemical experimental setups and key chemical mechanisms involved in various catalytic conversions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11028,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Electrochemistry","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101746"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144921562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Biomedical field applications of electrochemical biosensors as diagnostic tools: A short review","authors":"Ahmet Cetinkaya , S. Irem Kaya , Sibel A. Ozkan","doi":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101738","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101738","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrochemical biosensors are preferred in many areas due to their advantages, such as high sensitivity, miniaturization, low cost, and versatility. Early and accurate diagnosis of diseases is the primary step in preventing the spread and progression of the disease and in applying the proper treatment options, which is possible thanks to diagnostic biomarkers. In this context, electrochemical biosensors are practical and effective tools for rapidly and reliably determining biomarkers. Many studies are in the literature due to the versatility of electrochemical biosensors and the ability to improve performance through integration with fields such as nanotechnology and molecular imprinting technology. This short review highlights the most recent and interesting studies on this subject and provides insight into future developments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11028,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Electrochemistry","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 101738"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144863195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}