Current Opinion in Psychiatry最新文献_第5页

Elevated levels of loneliness in migrant children compared to nonmigrant children in urban China: a systematic review and meta-analysis of comparative studies. 中国城市流动儿童的孤独感水平高于非流动儿童：比较研究的系统回顾和荟萃分析。

IF 7.5 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-19 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000933

Lin-Feng Ge, Rui-Yao Wu, Bao-Liang Zhong

{"title":"Elevated levels of loneliness in migrant children compared to nonmigrant children in urban China: a systematic review and meta-analysis of comparative studies.","authors":"Lin-Feng Ge, Rui-Yao Wu, Bao-Liang Zhong","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000933","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000933","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: About one in four children in China is a migrant child. This population has a higher risk of experiencing loneliness. However, existing studies present conflicting findings regarding the levels of loneliness among migrant children as compared to local urban children in urban China. This review performs a meta-analysis of studies comparing loneliness levels between these two groups.Recent findings: A literature search of major Chinese- and English-language databases revealed 27 eligible comparative studies. These studies reported the means and standardized deviations of loneliness scores for both migrant and nonmigrant children in urban China. Meta-analysis results showed that migrant children experienced significantly higher levels of loneliness than their urban nonmigrant counterparts [standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.21, P < 0.001]. Subgroup analysis revealed that studies enrolling migrant children from migrant children's schools had significantly higher pooled SMDs than those enrolling children from public schools (0.346 vs. 0.120, P = 0.047).Summary: Migrant children in urban China experience higher levels of loneliness compared to their local urban peers. Efforts to create a socially inclusive, migrant-friendly environment and reduce social isolation among migrant children are crucial to help alleviate their feelings of loneliness.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"162-171"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139982621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mental health status among children and adolescents in one-child and multichild families: a meta-analysis of comparative studies. 独生子女家庭和多子女家庭中儿童和青少年的心理健康状况：比较研究荟萃分析。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000935

Pan Chen, Shu-Ying Rao, Wei Zhang, Yuan-Yuan Jiang, Yifan Xiang, Nicole Xun Xiang, Yan-Zhang Li, Han-Yu Zhu, Zhaohui Su, Teris Cheung, Qinge Zhang, Chee H Ng, Yu-Tao Xiang

{"title":"Mental health status among children and adolescents in one-child and multichild families: a meta-analysis of comparative studies.","authors":"Pan Chen, Shu-Ying Rao, Wei Zhang, Yuan-Yuan Jiang, Yifan Xiang, Nicole Xun Xiang, Yan-Zhang Li, Han-Yu Zhu, Zhaohui Su, Teris Cheung, Qinge Zhang, Chee H Ng, Yu-Tao Xiang","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000935","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000935","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Controversy remains about the difference in mental health status among children and adolescents between one-child and multichild families in China. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis of studies comparing mental health status between both groups and explored their potential moderating factors.Recent findings: Totally, 113 eligible studies encompassing 237 899 participants (one-child families: 83 125; multichild families: 154 774) were included. The pooled SMD of SCL-90 total score was -0.115 [95% confidence interval (95% CI): -0.152; -0.078; I2 = 86.9%]. Specifically, children and adolescents from one-child families exhibited lower scores in terms of somatization (SMD = -0.056; 95% CI: -0.087; -0.026), obsessive-compulsive symptoms (SMD = -0.116; 95% CI: -0.154; -0.079), interpersonal sensitivity (SMD = -0.140; 95% CI: -0.171; -0.109), depression (SMD = -0.123; 95% CI: -0.159; -0.088); anxiety (SMD = -0.121; 95% CI: -0.151; -0.092); phobic anxiety (SMD = -0.124; 95% CI: -0.166; -0.081); paranoid ideation (SMD = -0.040; 95% CI: -0.070; -0.009); and psychoticism (SMD = -0.119; 95% CI: -0.148; -0.089). Study publication year was significantly associated with differences in mental health status between both groups ( P = 0.015).Summary: Children and adolescents from one-child families had better mental health status compared to those from multichild families in China. Future studies should investigate the underlying factors contributing to such mental health differences, and the potential interventions that could address these mental health problems.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"147-161"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139982622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Urbanization, self-harm, and suicidal ideation in left-behind children and adolescents in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 中国留守儿童和青少年的城市化、自残和自杀意念：系统回顾和荟萃分析。

IF 7.5 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000927

Kelly Lin, Sandra Ramos, Jing Sun

{"title":"Urbanization, self-harm, and suicidal ideation in left-behind children and adolescents in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Kelly Lin, Sandra Ramos, Jing Sun","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000927","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000927","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Economic development and urbanisation have prompted many Chinese parents to move from rural to urban regions for better job opportunities. Their children, who remain behind in rural regions, become left-behind children (LBC). With absent parents, children and adolescents are unable to maintain the secure attachment required for healthy social and emotional development, increasing the risk of mental illness. This study aimed to compare risk of self-harm and suicidal ideation in LBC and non-LBC in China.Recent findings: Greater risks for poor mental health outcomes including worse depression, loneliness and anxiety have been identified in LBC in cross-sectional studies. Previous studies have also identified higher prevalence of bullying victimization, poorer school performance and worse school attendance amongst LBC.Summary: Findings indicate that prolonged separation from parents put LBC at greater risks of poor mental health. Policy changes to allow children to migrate with their parents and policies to reduce inequalities in job opportunities between urban and rural regions are needed.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"225-236"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139982624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Public health surveillance of new psychoactive substances: recent developments. 新型精神活性物质的公共卫生监测：最新进展。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-03-27 DOI: 10.1097/yco.0000000000000938

Nicole D Fitzgerald, Linda B Cottler, Joseph J Palamar

引用次数: 0

Dementia care and prevention in community settings: a built environment framework for cognitive health promotion. 社区环境中的痴呆症护理和预防：促进认知健康的建筑环境框架。

IF 7.5 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000917

Daniel R Y Gan, Jim Mann, Habib Chaudhury

{"title":"Dementia care and prevention in community settings: a built environment framework for cognitive health promotion.","authors":"Daniel R Y Gan, Jim Mann, Habib Chaudhury","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000917","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000917","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Most people with dementia live in the community. As lifespan increases, one in three persons aged 85+ are expected to live with dementia. We conduct a systematic search to identify frameworks for dementia care and prevention in community settings. This is important to ensure quality of life for people living with cognitive decline (PLCD).Recent findings: 61 frameworks are synthesized into the dementia care and prevention in community (DCPC) framework. It highlights three levels of provision: built environment and policy supports, access and innovation, and inclusion across stages of decline. Domains of intervention include: basic needs; built environment health and accessibility; service access and use; community health infrastructure; community engagement; mental health and wellbeing; technology; end-of-life care; cultural considerations; policy, education, and resources. Personhood is not adequately represented in current built environment frameworks. This is supplemented with 14 articles on lived experiences at home and social practices that contribute to PLCD's social identity and psychological safety.Summary: Policy makers, health and built environment professionals must work together to promote \"personhood in community\" with PLCD. Clinicians and community staff may focus on inclusion, social identity and a sense of at-homeness as attainable outcomes despite diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"107-122"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139472286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recent advances in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders: a focus on older adults and sub-Saharan Africa. 艾滋病毒相关神经认知障碍的最新进展：关注老年人和撒哈拉以南非洲。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000919

Stella-Maria Paddick, Elizabeta B Mukaetova-Ladinska

{"title":"Recent advances in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders: a focus on older adults and sub-Saharan Africa.","authors":"Stella-Maria Paddick, Elizabeta B Mukaetova-Ladinska","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000919","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000919","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: We reviewed recent literature on prevalence and interventional approaches for cognitive impairment in the context of HIV infection alongside current controversies and challenges around its nomenclature, screening, and diagnosis.Recent findings: Prevalence estimates for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) indicate that HAND remains highly prevalent despite combination antiretroviral treatment (cART) widely used. The available data are heterogeneous, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) where recent reviews indicate substantial heterogeneity, wide prevalence estimates and lack of data from the majority SSA countries, despite them currently experiencing the greatest burden worldwide of both HIV and HAND.Several alternative approaches to diagnosis and classification of cognitive impairment in HIV have been published, taking into account changing clinical phenotypes.Summary: Cognitive impairment remains a significant challenge in the care of people living with HIV despite advances in treatment. Ongoing controversies exist around nomenclature and classification, screening measures, and the phenotype and aetiology of observed impairments. Two current areas of research priority and focus include understanding current phenotypes of individuals living and ageing with treated HIV and differing levels of risk for HAND in these phenotypes, alongside the effects of commonly occurring comorbidities.The current evidence base for interventional approaches is limited, but growing. The most promising avenues appear to be multidisciplinary. These are currently focussed on high income settings rather than SSA where the majority of people living with HIV, and affected by cognitive impairment in the context of HIV, currently reside.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"87-93"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139472291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recent advances in understanding of sleep disorders and disturbances for dementia risk and prevention. 了解睡眠障碍和干扰对痴呆症风险和预防的最新进展。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000921

Aaron Lam, Shawn Kong, Sharon L Naismith

{"title":"Recent advances in understanding of sleep disorders and disturbances for dementia risk and prevention.","authors":"Aaron Lam, Shawn Kong, Sharon L Naismith","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000921","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000921","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: To synthesise the recent work examining the relationship between sleep disturbances and dementia, emphasising studies involving individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or Alzheimer's disease (AD) and/or those investigating AD biomarkers. Additionally, we provide an update on recent interventions targeting sleep-related issues in older adults with MCI or AD.Recent findings: Various studies have examined obstructive sleep apnoea, sleep duration, and circadian alterations in relation to Alzheimer's pathology and dementia risk, with an emerging body of evidence suggesting that cardiovascular disease, hypertension, glymphatic function, and inflammation might serve as plausible pathophysiological mechanisms contributing to dementia during critical brain periods. Conversely, recent studies investigating insomnia have produced disparate results. Regarding intervention studies, the scarcity of prospective randomised control trials poses a challenge in establishing the benefits of addressing sleep disorders and disturbances.Summary: Recent work examining the pathophysiological links between sleep and dementia is strongest for obstructive sleep apnoea and sleep duration, while findings in insomnia studies exhibit inconsistency, possibly due to varied associations with dementia among different insomnia subtypes. It is apparent that more longitudinal studies examining the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are necessary, alongside more rigorous clinical trials. Although some trials are underway in this field, there is still scarcity in trials examining interventions for circadian disturbances.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"94-100"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139472297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Safety of noninvasive brain stimulation in children. 儿童非侵入性脑部刺激的安全性。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000923

Mohammad Ali Salehinejad, Michael Siniatchkin

{"title":"Safety of noninvasive brain stimulation in children.","authors":"Mohammad Ali Salehinejad, Michael Siniatchkin","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000923","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000923","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) is a promising method for altering cortical excitability with clinical implications. It has been increasingly used in children, especially in neurodevelopmental disorders. Yet, its safety and applications in the developing brain require further investigation. This review aims to provide an overview of the safety of commonly used NIBS techniques in children, including transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Safety data for other NIBS methods is not reported in this review.Recent findings: In line with studies from the last decade, findings in the last 2 years (2022-2023) support the safety of NIBS in children and adolescents within the currently applied protocols. Both tES and TMS are well tolerated, if safety rules, including exclusion criteria, are applied.Summary: We briefly discussed developmental aspects of stimulation parameters that need to be considered in the developing brain and provided an up-to-date overview of tES/TMS applications in children and adolescents. Overall, the safety profile of tES/TMS in children is good. For both the tES and TMS applications, epilepsy and active seizure disorder should be exclusion criteria to prevent potential seizures. Using child-sized earplugs is required for TMS applications. We lack large randomized double-blind trialsand longitudinal studies to establish the safety of NIBS in children.Video abstract: http://links.lww.com/YCO/A78 .","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"78-86"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139471359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advancements in the phenomenology, assessment, and treatment of Tourette syndrome. 妥瑞症现象学、评估和治疗方面的进展。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000922

Kesley A Ramsey, Joseph F McGuire

引用次数: 0

Deep learning applications in vascular dementia using neuroimaging. 利用神经影像将深度学习应用于血管性痴呆症。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000920

Chao Dong, Shizuka Hayashi

{"title":"Deep learning applications in vascular dementia using neuroimaging.","authors":"Chao Dong, Shizuka Hayashi","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000920","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000920","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second common cause of dementia after Alzheimer's disease, and deep learning has emerged as a critical tool in dementia research. The aim of this article is to highlight the current deep learning applications in VaD-related imaging biomarkers and diagnosis.Recent findings: The main deep learning technology applied in VaD using neuroimaging data is convolutional neural networks (CNN). CNN models have been widely used for lesion detection and segmentation, such as white matter hyperintensities (WMH), cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), perivascular spaces (PVS), lacunes, cortical superficial siderosis, and brain atrophy. Applications in VaD subtypes classification also showed excellent results. CNN-based deep learning models have potential for further diagnosis and prognosis of VaD.Summary: Deep learning neural networks with neuroimaging data in VaD research represent significant promise for advancing early diagnosis and treatment strategies. Ongoing research and collaboration between clinicians, data scientists, and neuroimaging experts are essential to address challenges and unlock the full potential of deep learning in VaD diagnosis and management.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"101-106"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139472284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0