Autoimmune dementia.

IF 7.5 2区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY
Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-22 DOI:10.1097/YCO.0000000000000980
Alessandro Dinoto, Eoin P Flanagan
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose of review: The aim of this review is to summarize clinical, radiological and laboratory findings in autoimmune dementia, to help clinicians in promptly identify this elusive condition.

Recent findings: The rapid advances in the field of autoimmune neurology have led to the discovery of novel antibodies and associated disorders, which are more frequent than previously hypothesized. The correct and prompt identification of cognitive decline of autoimmune origin is vital to ensure early treatment and better outcomes. The diagnosis of autoimmune dementia relies on specific clinical and radiological features and on the detection of specific autoantibodies. Autoantibody specificities predict response to treatment and the occurrence of cancer. In recent years, the differential diagnosis of autoimmune dementia has become more relevant, as the overinterpretation of antibody results, clinical and radiological findings may lead to an erroneous diagnosis of autoimmune dementia, with potential harm to patients due to inappropriate exposure to immunosuppressants.

Summary: Autoimmune dementia is a potentially treatable condition and should not be missed in clinical practice given the potential for reversibility with immunotherapy. The diagnosis of autoimmune dementia relies on a comprehensive review of clinical, radiological and laboratory data, and exclusion of other causes of dementia.

自身免疫性痴呆。
综述目的:本综述的目的是总结自身免疫性痴呆的临床、放射学和实验室研究结果,以帮助临床医生及时识别这种难以捉摸的疾病。最近的发现:自身免疫神经学领域的快速发展导致了新的抗体和相关疾病的发现,这些疾病比以前假设的更频繁。正确和及时地识别自身免疫性起源的认知衰退对于确保早期治疗和更好的结果至关重要。自身免疫性痴呆的诊断依赖于特定的临床和放射学特征以及特定自身抗体的检测。自身抗体特异性预测治疗反应和癌症的发生。近年来,自身免疫性痴呆的鉴别诊断变得越来越重要,因为对抗体结果、临床和放射学结果的过度解释可能导致自身免疫性痴呆的错误诊断,并且由于不适当的免疫抑制剂暴露对患者有潜在的危害。自身免疫性痴呆是一种潜在的可治疗的疾病,在临床实践中不应忽视免疫治疗的可逆性。自身免疫性痴呆的诊断依赖于对临床、放射学和实验室数据的全面审查,并排除痴呆的其他原因。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Current Opinion in Psychiatry
Current Opinion in Psychiatry 医学-精神病学
CiteScore
12.20
自引率
1.40%
发文量
76
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Current Opinion in Psychiatry is an easy-to-digest bimonthly journal covering the most interesting and important advances in the field of psychiatry. Eight sections on mental health disorders including schizophrenia, neurodevelopmental disorders and eating disorders, are presented alongside five area-specific sections, offering an expert evaluation on the most exciting developments in the field.
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