Current Opinion in Psychiatry最新文献_第4页

Harmonizing the inner orchestra: the impact of urbanization and evolution of stress, inflammation, diet, and lifestyles in depression. 协调内部管弦乐队：城市化和压力、炎症、饮食和生活方式在抑郁症中的演变的影响。

IF 7.5 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-26 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000986

Kuan-Pin Su

{"title":"Harmonizing the inner orchestra: the impact of urbanization and evolution of stress, inflammation, diet, and lifestyles in depression.","authors":"Kuan-Pin Su","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000986","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000986","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This review explores the intersection of urbanization, stress, inflammation, diet, lifestyle changes, and digital evolution as key factors influencing depression, emphasizing the necessity for integrative and evolutionary perspectives in mental health and intervention.Recent findings: Epidemiological studies reveal a dramatic increase in common mental disorders, particularly depression, alongside parallel increases in suicide, unemployment, and divorce rates. Evolutionary perspectives suggest that mechanisms once advantageous for survival, such as stress responses and inflammatory processes, may contribute to mental health challenges in modern urban environments. Moreover, the mental health crisis among generation Z underscores the impact of digital evolution, where the shift from play-based to phone-based childhood contributes significantly to rising depression rates. Recent research highlights the significant role of omega-3 fatty acids, circadian rhythm regulation, mindfulness, and anti-inflammatory lifestyle interventions in mitigating depressive symptoms.Summary: The interplay between our evolutionary heritage and rapid societal changes has created a \"symphony\" of factors contributing to depression. Understanding these evolutionary mismatches in stress responses, inflammatory processes, dietary shifts, circadian disruptions, and digitalization provides new insights into the etiology of depression. This holistic approach, conceptualized as \"harmonizing the inner orchestra,\" offers promising avenues for prevention and treatment strategies that address the multifaceted nature of depression in our modern world.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"209-216"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Renaming schizophrenia: why, how, and what next? 重命名精神分裂症：为什么，如何，下一步是什么？

IF 7.5 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000001002

Raquelle I Mesholam-Gately, Arundati Nagendra, Matcheri Keshavan

{"title":"Renaming schizophrenia: why, how, and what next?","authors":"Raquelle I Mesholam-Gately, Arundati Nagendra, Matcheri Keshavan","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000001002","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000001002","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The debate over renaming schizophrenia has gained international momentum, driven by concerns about stigma and scientific accuracy. This review examines the arguments for and against renaming schizophrenia, highlighting research data from the US and international efforts.Recent findings: Proponents argue that the current term perpetuates stigma, is scientifically outdated, and that stakeholders, including those with lived experience, favor a name change. Opponents, however, caution that renaming might not reduce stigma and could complicate access to care. Stigma associated with schizophrenia leads to significant discrimination in healthcare, employment, and social interactions. Moreover, the term inaccurately suggests a 'split' in the brain, contributing to public misconceptions. Survey data from various countries reveal substantial support for renaming, with some evidence suggesting that new terms can reduce stigma and improve treatment engagement. Historical precedents, such as the renaming of multiple personality disorder to dissociative identity disorder, show that such changes can occur without disrupting care.Summary: The review concludes that while renaming schizophrenia could align the term with contemporary science and reduce stigma, a systematic, consensus-building approach involving diverse stakeholders is essential. Future steps should focus on finding an appropriate name that reflects the illness's core aspects and ensures optimal care.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"147-153"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence of psychological symptoms among Chinese land-lost farmers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies by using the SCL-90-R. 中国失地农民心理症状的流行：基于SCL-90-R的横断面研究的系统回顾和荟萃分析

IF 7.5 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000988

Rui-Yao Wu, Lin-Feng Ge, Bao-Liang Zhong

{"title":"Prevalence of psychological symptoms among Chinese land-lost farmers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies by using the SCL-90-R.","authors":"Rui-Yao Wu, Lin-Feng Ge, Bao-Liang Zhong","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000988","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000988","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Land-expropriated farmers have become a large and rapidly growing subpopulation in recent decades due to China's unprecedented industrialization and urbanization. Land appropriation has detrimental effects on the mental health of land-lost farmers. However, existing studies have conflicting findings on the severity and types of psychological symptoms among land-lost farmers compared to the general population. This review presents a meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies that assessed the psychological symptoms of land-lost farmers using the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R).Recent findings: Major Chinese- and English-language databases were searched and eight eligible studies reporting the SCL-90-R subscale scores and standard deviations among Chinese land-lost farmers were included. Meta-analysis results showed that, among land-lost farmers, phobia was the most prominent psychological symptom (Cohen's d = 0.55), followed by depression ( d = 0.42), somatization ( d = 0.38), anxiety ( d = 0.35), interpersonal sensitivity ( d = 0.29), and hostility ( d = 0.25).Summary: Chinese land-lost farmers exhibit several significant psychological symptoms, including phobia, depression, somatization, anxiety, interpersonal sensitivity, and hostility. These data suggest a pressing need to integrate mental health support into existing social services and policies aimed at assisting land-lost farmers.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"200-208"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation in reducing depressive symptoms during the peripartum period: Erratum. 经颅磁刺激和经颅直流电刺激减轻围生期抑郁症状：勘误。

IF 7.5 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000001007

引用次数: 0

Urbanicity and anxiety disorders: current evidence and quo vadis? 都市化与焦虑症：现有证据与现状？

IF 7.5 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000995

Qian Hui Chew, Kai Samuel Sim, Yao Eric Shi, Kang Sim

{"title":"Urbanicity and anxiety disorders: current evidence and quo vadis?","authors":"Qian Hui Chew, Kai Samuel Sim, Yao Eric Shi, Kang Sim","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000995","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000995","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: There are few studies investigating the effects of urbanization on various anxiety-related conditions in specific population subgroups. This review aims to examine the effects of urbanization through the lens of population subgroups as well as anxiety disorder subtypes.Recent findings: There was more consistent evidence suggesting that those of a younger age group and from disadvantaged backgrounds (such as lower socioeconomic status, refugee status) may be more vulnerable to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). When we examined the relationship between urbanization and anxiety disorder subtype, the results were largely mixed, with some evidence for the positive association between urbanization and PTSD. Many of the recent studies had been conducted in the context of the recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.Summary: The association between urbanicity and anxiety-related disorders in the various subgroups can be influenced by socio-demographic factors. Interventions and policies that aim to ameliorate the effects of urbanicity would need to identify vulnerable individuals early based on social or environmental factors. Given that the short and long-term psychological sequelae of the recent COVID-19 pandemic are still being evaluated, the inter-relationships between urbanization, external factors and specific anxiety disorders await further delineation.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"217-226"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Relationship of glutamate signaling to cannabis use and schizophrenia. 谷氨酸信号与大麻使用和精神分裂症的关系。

IF 7.5 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-07 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000001003

Margaret Niznikiewicz, Alexander Lin, Lynn E DeLisi

{"title":"The Relationship of glutamate signaling to cannabis use and schizophrenia.","authors":"Margaret Niznikiewicz, Alexander Lin, Lynn E DeLisi","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000001003","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000001003","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This review examines the literature associating cannabis with schizophrenia, glutamate dysregulation in schizophrenia, and cannabis involvement in glutamate pathways. Cannabis use is widespread among adolescents world-wide and is sold legally in many countries for recreational use in a variety of forms. Most people use it without lasting effects, but a portion of individuals have negative reactions that manifest in acute psychotic symptoms, and in some, symptoms continue even after the use of cannabis has ceased. To date, there is a huge gap in our understanding of why this occurs.Recent findings: Recent studies have focused on abnormalities in the glutamate pathway in schizophrenia, the effect of cannabis on the glutamate system, and the role of glutamate in the brain Default Mode Network.Summary: Given these observations, we hypothesize that perturbance of glutamate neuronal connectivity by cannabis in the brains of individuals genetically at high risk for psychosis will initiate a schizophrenia-like psychosis. Future studies may tie together these diverse observations by combining magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the default resting state network in patients with new onset schizophrenia who do and do not use cannabis compared with nonpsychotic individuals who do and do not use cannabis.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"177-181"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Virtual reality as a novel therapeutic tool in psychiatry: will virtual reality intervention for families rescue hikikomori? 虚拟现实作为一种新的精神病学治疗工具：虚拟现实会干预家庭拯救“隐蔽青年”吗？

IF 7.5 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000996

Taisei Kubo, Takahiro A Kato

{"title":"Virtual reality as a novel therapeutic tool in psychiatry: will virtual reality intervention for families rescue hikikomori?","authors":"Taisei Kubo, Takahiro A Kato","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000996","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000996","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Digital technology is beginning to revolutionize psychiatry. Virtual reality (VR) allows users to experience a virtual space through their three primary senses. In psychiatry, social skills training (SST), including role-play, has been introduced in occupational therapy to improve patients' social abilities. In face-to-face SST, the therapist's leadership skills and the patient's ability to deal with situations are necessary. VR could resolve such limitations. Herein, we introduce recent advances in VR for psychiatry.Recent findings: The introduction of VR has improved the social skills of patients with schizophrenia, social anxiety, and autism spectrum disorder. We have introduced VR not only for psychiatric patients themselves but also for their family members to improve their skills in intervening with the patients, especially hard-to-reach patients such as hikikomori (social withdrawal). A pilot trial was conducted involving several family cases living with people with hikikomori, and this approach showed promising effectiveness.Summary: VR has the potential to overcome the problems of conventional treatments by enabling experiential learning. In the future, VR is expected to support not only patients with mental disorders but also to improve the skills of therapists and caregivers, including family members. Empirical research through industry-academia collaboration is desirable for spreading VR-based interventions in psychiatry.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"227-234"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia: when, what, and is it remediable? 精神分裂症的认知障碍：何时、何事以及是否可以补救？

IF 7.5 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000991

Ashlee Guzman, Philip D Harvey

{"title":"Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia: when, what, and is it remediable?","authors":"Ashlee Guzman, Philip D Harvey","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000991","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000991","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia (SCZ) is very common and functionally relevant, being a consistent predictor of the ability to perform critical functional skills and real-world activities, such as residential independence, self-care, productive, and social activities. These impairments are not exclusive to individuals with SCZ; they are also observed in people with bipolar disorder and other mood disorders. Here, we review recent findings in the nature, determinants, and treatment of cognitive impairments with a focus on SCZ and linkage to other closely related conditions.Recent findings: Recent studies have identified multiple levels of similarity in cognitive functioning across psychiatric conditions and identified a number of efficacious treatments. So much successful work has taken place in training-focused treatment domains that multiple meta-analyses have catalogued the level of gains, the predictors of gains, the optimal strategies, and the durability of improvement. There is also convincing evidence for the first time of pharmacological cognitive enhancement with a mechanism that is plausible for cross-diagnostic impact.Summary: Clinicians need to consider cognitive functioning and not just in people with SCZ. Available treatments should be considered, including suggesting computerized cognitive and skills training across the full spectrum of conditions and the lifespan. Attending to new developments in pharmacological interventions will be critical, as there is at least one very promising candidate compound approved for the general treatment of SCZ with evidence of wide-ranging benefits. Other medications are in phase 2 and 3 trials and may be approved.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"154-158"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bacteria in the brain: do they have a role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease? 大脑中的细菌：它们在阿尔茨海默病的发病机制中起作用吗？

IF 7.5 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000989

Arnav Bhattacharya, Claire Shepherd, Fatima El-Assaad, Karen A Mather

{"title":"Bacteria in the brain: do they have a role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease?","authors":"Arnav Bhattacharya, Claire Shepherd, Fatima El-Assaad, Karen A Mather","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000989","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000989","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Worldwide efforts continue to unravel the complex pathological pathways that lead to Alzheimer's disease. The gut-brain-microbiome axis, a communication pathway between the gut, brain and microorganisms, is emerging as a potential mechanism involved in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. While the gut microbiome's role in Alzheimer's disease has gained significant attention, the brain microbiome remains relatively unexplored. This review summarizes the latest research on the brain microbiome in Alzheimer's disease.Recent findings: In the past 4 years, four out of five studies have found bacteria, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae , in postmortem samples of both control and Alzheimer's disease brains, supporting the idea that the brain is not a sterile environment. Two studies report the overabundance of several bacterial phyla, including Proteobacteria and Actinomycetes, in postmortem Alzheimer's disease brains versus controls. One study reported the presence of Borrelia burgdorferi in a subset of Alzheimer's disease cases compared to controls.Summary: Limitations and challenges persist in studying the brain microbiome, including the lack of standardized assays and data analysis methods, small sample sizes, and inconsistent use of controls for environmental microbial contamination during sample processing. Well designed studies that employ reproducible and rigorous methods are required to elucidate whether microbes are involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"252-257"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11957443/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Global prevalence of internet addiction among university students: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 大学生网络成瘾的全球流行：一项系统回顾和荟萃分析。

IF 7.5 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000994

Xin Liu, Zhen Gui, Zi-Mu Chen, Yuan Feng, Xiao-Dan Wu, Zhaohui Su, Teris Cheung, Gabor S Ungvari, Xuan-Chen Liu, Yi-Ran Yan, Chee H Ng, Yu-Tao Xiang

{"title":"Global prevalence of internet addiction among university students: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Xin Liu, Zhen Gui, Zi-Mu Chen, Yuan Feng, Xiao-Dan Wu, Zhaohui Su, Teris Cheung, Gabor S Ungvari, Xuan-Chen Liu, Yi-Ran Yan, Chee H Ng, Yu-Tao Xiang","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000994","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000994","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The prevalence of internet addiction among university students has been extensively studied worldwide, however, the findings have been mixed. This meta-analysis aimed to examine the global prevalence of internet addiction in university students and identify its potential moderators.Recent findings: A total of 101 eligible studies, comprising 128020 participants across 38 countries and territories, were included. The pooled global prevalence of internet addiction among university students was 41.84% [95% confidence interval (95% CI): 35.89-48.02]. Significant differences in the prevalence were observed across different income levels, regions, periods of COVID-19 pandemic, and cut-off values of the Internet Addiction Test (IAT). Sample size was negatively associated with internet addiction prevalence, while depression prevalence was positively associated with internet addiction prevalence. Male students had a significantly higher risk of internet addiction compared to female students [pooled odd ratio (OR): 1.32, 95% CI: 1.19-1.46].Summary: This meta-analysis found that the prevalence of internet addiction was high among university students, which has increased since the COVID-19 pandemic. Screening and intervention measures to address internet addiction should prioritize students with an increased risk including male students, those from lower-income regions and those with depression.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"182-199"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0