Current Opinion in Psychiatry最新文献_第4页

Urbanization and psychosis: an update of recent evidence. 城市化与精神病：最新证据。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-04 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000931

Sandeep Grover, Natarajan Varadharajan, Sandesh Venu

{"title":"Urbanization and psychosis: an update of recent evidence.","authors":"Sandeep Grover, Natarajan Varadharajan, Sandesh Venu","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000931","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000931","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Urbanization, a complex global phenomenon, has a significant bearing on schizophrenia/psychosis burden through various socioeconomic and environmental factors. This review focuses on recent evidence (2019-2023) linking urbanization, schizophrenia, and the role of green space.Recent findings: This review analyzed 43 articles that examined the correlation between urban birth or upbringing, urban living (urbanicity), and various schizophrenia/psychosis-related outcomes such as incidence, psychotic experiences, etc. The studies showed differing results across geographical locations. Socioeconomic factors like area deprivation, migrant status (ethnic density) and social fragmentation were independently associated with the risk of schizophrenia/psychosis irrespective of urbanicity. More recently, environmental factors such as green space reduction and air pollution have been explored in urban living conditions and were positively associated with an increased risk of schizophrenia/psychosis.Summary: There is a need for further investigation in low and middle-income countries. The impact of urbanization-related factors and green space on the risk of schizophrenia/psychosis calls for appropriate governmental commitments toward structured and healthy urban planning.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140027581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A lifetime of mental health treatments for people with schizophrenia: update and narrative review. 精神分裂症患者的终生心理健康治疗：更新和叙述性综述。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-13 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000926

Lynn E DeLisi

引用次数: 0

Benefits of nature-based intervention in combating the impact of urbanization on psychopathology in industrialized societies. 以自然为基础的干预措施在消除城市化对工业化社会精神病理学影响方面的益处。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000937

Yuanyuan Wang, Franklin Timms, Jiaqi Li, Hui Yu

{"title":"Benefits of nature-based intervention in combating the impact of urbanization on psychopathology in industrialized societies.","authors":"Yuanyuan Wang, Franklin Timms, Jiaqi Li, Hui Yu","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000937","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000937","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The assumption has been made that urbanization adversely affects mental health, primarily attributed to the lack of access to nature. Our objective is to examine whether nature-based interventions can reduce psychopathology within an urban setting.Recent findings: Nature-based interventions are generally categorized as either physical or virtual. Physical interventions engage participants in various activities like passive exposure, outdoor swimming, or physical activities in natural environments. On the other hand, virtual interventions expose participants to visual, auditory, or even olfactory stimuli to simulate natural environments. While most interventions achieved some degree of success in enhancing overall well being, not all demonstrated a significant reduction in depression and anxiety.Summary: The review identified a shortage of well designed and well implemented outdoor or virtual nature-based interventions. Longitudinal designs in physical nature-based interventions provided the strongest evidence for reducing anxiety and depression. Multisensory virtual nature-based interventions also show significant potential for alleviating anxiety and depression in urban dwellers. Conversely, brief nature-based interventions yielded inconsistent results in improving mental health. Urgent investment in high-quality interventions and research in this domain is imperative to inform policy and enhance overall mental health in urban settings.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139982619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of urbanization on youth mental health in Hong Kong. 城市化对香港青少年心理健康的影响。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-13 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000930

Teris Cheung, Kwan Hin Fong, Yu-Tao Xiang

{"title":"The impact of urbanization on youth mental health in Hong Kong.","authors":"Teris Cheung, Kwan Hin Fong, Yu-Tao Xiang","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000930","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000930","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Urbanization is a multifaceted process that can have both positive and negative effects on mental health, especially in adolescents. This paper attempts to summarize the impact of urbanization on youth mental health in Hong Kong.Recent findings: Several studies have shown that urbanization is associated with an increased risk of youth mental health problems in Hong Kong. Psychosocial factors like perceived stress, social isolation, and exposure to environmental pollutants may contribute to a negative association between urbanization and mental health issues. Academic pressure, poor transparency and accessibility to mental health services in Hong Kong further exacerbate youth's mental health wellbeing. Environmental factors like housing conditions, green spaces, and visible urban greenery have been found to influence mental health outcomes. Existing empirical studies have found a positive association between urbanization and mental health problems, while others have found no association or even a negative association.Summary: Further research is warranted to investigate the complex relationship between urbanization and youth mental health in Hong Kong. Exploration of effective interventions is necessary to mitigate the negative impacts of urbanization on youth mental health. Understanding this relationship can inform health policy-making and formulate interventions to promote youth's mental health well being in the short-and long run.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140183991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Shifting the paradigm of social withdrawal: a new era of coexisting pathological and non-pathological hikikomori. 社会退缩范式的转变：病态与非病态蛰居并存的新时代。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-28 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000929

Takahiro A Kato, Norman Sartorius, Naotaka Shinfuku

{"title":"Shifting the paradigm of social withdrawal: a new era of coexisting pathological and non-pathological hikikomori.","authors":"Takahiro A Kato, Norman Sartorius, Naotaka Shinfuku","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000929","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000929","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Social withdrawal syndrome, known as \"hikikomori,\" has been highlighted since the late 1990 s in Japan. Hikikomori is more common in urban areas, and often comorbid with mental disorders, and now spreading throughout the world. In the post-COVID-19 era, not outing is no longer considered pathological in itself as the \"new normal,\" and a novel concept of hikikomori is needed. This review summarizes the concept of hikikomori, and presents the latest methods for identification of hikikomori.Recent findings: The novel definition can distinguish between pathological and non-pathological hikikomori using the scale of \"Hikikomori Diagnostic Evaluation (HiDE),\" which has been developed in the hikikomori research lab at Kyushu University. An online survey among non-working adults has revealed that persons who have become pathological hikikomori for less than three months showed a particularly strong tendency toward gaming disorder and depression.Summary: Now, physical isolation itself is not pathological, but when dysfunction and distress are present, rapid mental health support should be provided. In the novel urban society, the establishment of a checkup system to assess whether persons who stay home are happy or suffering is important for prevention against mental disorders triggered by social isolation.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10990035/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139982623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Urbanization, self-harm, and suicidal ideation in left-behind children and adolescents in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 中国留守儿童和青少年的城市化、自残和自杀意念：系统回顾和荟萃分析。

IF 7.5 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000927

Kelly Lin, Sandra Ramos, Jing Sun

{"title":"Urbanization, self-harm, and suicidal ideation in left-behind children and adolescents in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Kelly Lin, Sandra Ramos, Jing Sun","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000927","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000927","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Economic development and urbanisation have prompted many Chinese parents to move from rural to urban regions for better job opportunities. Their children, who remain behind in rural regions, become left-behind children (LBC). With absent parents, children and adolescents are unable to maintain the secure attachment required for healthy social and emotional development, increasing the risk of mental illness. This study aimed to compare risk of self-harm and suicidal ideation in LBC and non-LBC in China.Recent findings: Greater risks for poor mental health outcomes including worse depression, loneliness and anxiety have been identified in LBC in cross-sectional studies. Previous studies have also identified higher prevalence of bullying victimization, poorer school performance and worse school attendance amongst LBC.Summary: Findings indicate that prolonged separation from parents put LBC at greater risks of poor mental health. Policy changes to allow children to migrate with their parents and policies to reduce inequalities in job opportunities between urban and rural regions are needed.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139982624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mental health status among children and adolescents in one-child and multichild families: a meta-analysis of comparative studies. 独生子女家庭和多子女家庭中儿童和青少年的心理健康状况：比较研究荟萃分析。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000935

Pan Chen, Shu-Ying Rao, Wei Zhang, Yuan-Yuan Jiang, Yifan Xiang, Nicole Xun Xiang, Yan-Zhang Li, Han-Yu Zhu, Zhaohui Su, Teris Cheung, Qinge Zhang, Chee H Ng, Yu-Tao Xiang

{"title":"Mental health status among children and adolescents in one-child and multichild families: a meta-analysis of comparative studies.","authors":"Pan Chen, Shu-Ying Rao, Wei Zhang, Yuan-Yuan Jiang, Yifan Xiang, Nicole Xun Xiang, Yan-Zhang Li, Han-Yu Zhu, Zhaohui Su, Teris Cheung, Qinge Zhang, Chee H Ng, Yu-Tao Xiang","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000935","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000935","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Controversy remains about the difference in mental health status among children and adolescents between one-child and multichild families in China. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis of studies comparing mental health status between both groups and explored their potential moderating factors.Recent findings: Totally, 113 eligible studies encompassing 237 899 participants (one-child families: 83 125; multichild families: 154 774) were included. The pooled SMD of SCL-90 total score was -0.115 [95% confidence interval (95% CI): -0.152; -0.078; I2 = 86.9%]. Specifically, children and adolescents from one-child families exhibited lower scores in terms of somatization (SMD = -0.056; 95% CI: -0.087; -0.026), obsessive-compulsive symptoms (SMD = -0.116; 95% CI: -0.154; -0.079), interpersonal sensitivity (SMD = -0.140; 95% CI: -0.171; -0.109), depression (SMD = -0.123; 95% CI: -0.159; -0.088); anxiety (SMD = -0.121; 95% CI: -0.151; -0.092); phobic anxiety (SMD = -0.124; 95% CI: -0.166; -0.081); paranoid ideation (SMD = -0.040; 95% CI: -0.070; -0.009); and psychoticism (SMD = -0.119; 95% CI: -0.148; -0.089). Study publication year was significantly associated with differences in mental health status between both groups ( P = 0.015).Summary: Children and adolescents from one-child families had better mental health status compared to those from multichild families in China. Future studies should investigate the underlying factors contributing to such mental health differences, and the potential interventions that could address these mental health problems.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139982622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Elevated levels of loneliness in migrant children compared to nonmigrant children in urban China: a systematic review and meta-analysis of comparative studies. 中国城市流动儿童的孤独感水平高于非流动儿童：比较研究的系统回顾和荟萃分析。

IF 7.5 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-19 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000933

Lin-Feng Ge, Rui-Yao Wu, Bao-Liang Zhong

{"title":"Elevated levels of loneliness in migrant children compared to nonmigrant children in urban China: a systematic review and meta-analysis of comparative studies.","authors":"Lin-Feng Ge, Rui-Yao Wu, Bao-Liang Zhong","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000933","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000933","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: About one in four children in China is a migrant child. This population has a higher risk of experiencing loneliness. However, existing studies present conflicting findings regarding the levels of loneliness among migrant children as compared to local urban children in urban China. This review performs a meta-analysis of studies comparing loneliness levels between these two groups.Recent findings: A literature search of major Chinese- and English-language databases revealed 27 eligible comparative studies. These studies reported the means and standardized deviations of loneliness scores for both migrant and nonmigrant children in urban China. Meta-analysis results showed that migrant children experienced significantly higher levels of loneliness than their urban nonmigrant counterparts [standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.21, P < 0.001]. Subgroup analysis revealed that studies enrolling migrant children from migrant children's schools had significantly higher pooled SMDs than those enrolling children from public schools (0.346 vs. 0.120, P = 0.047).Summary: Migrant children in urban China experience higher levels of loneliness compared to their local urban peers. Efforts to create a socially inclusive, migrant-friendly environment and reduce social isolation among migrant children are crucial to help alleviate their feelings of loneliness.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139982621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Public health surveillance of new psychoactive substances: recent developments. 新型精神活性物质的公共卫生监测：最新进展。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-03-27 DOI: 10.1097/yco.0000000000000938

Nicole D Fitzgerald, Linda B Cottler, Joseph J Palamar

引用次数: 0

Dementia care and prevention in community settings: a built environment framework for cognitive health promotion. 社区环境中的痴呆症护理和预防：促进认知健康的建筑环境框架。

IF 7.5 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000917

Daniel R Y Gan, Jim Mann, Habib Chaudhury

{"title":"Dementia care and prevention in community settings: a built environment framework for cognitive health promotion.","authors":"Daniel R Y Gan, Jim Mann, Habib Chaudhury","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000917","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000917","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Most people with dementia live in the community. As lifespan increases, one in three persons aged 85+ are expected to live with dementia. We conduct a systematic search to identify frameworks for dementia care and prevention in community settings. This is important to ensure quality of life for people living with cognitive decline (PLCD).Recent findings: 61 frameworks are synthesized into the dementia care and prevention in community (DCPC) framework. It highlights three levels of provision: built environment and policy supports, access and innovation, and inclusion across stages of decline. Domains of intervention include: basic needs; built environment health and accessibility; service access and use; community health infrastructure; community engagement; mental health and wellbeing; technology; end-of-life care; cultural considerations; policy, education, and resources. Personhood is not adequately represented in current built environment frameworks. This is supplemented with 14 articles on lived experiences at home and social practices that contribute to PLCD's social identity and psychological safety.Summary: Policy makers, health and built environment professionals must work together to promote \"personhood in community\" with PLCD. Clinicians and community staff may focus on inclusion, social identity and a sense of at-homeness as attainable outcomes despite diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139472286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0