Current Opinion in Psychiatry最新文献_第4页

Psychotherapies for the treatment of personality disorders: the state of the art. 治疗人格障碍的心理疗法：最新进展。

IF 7.5 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-26 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000968

Paul M G Emmelkamp, Katharina Meyerbröker

{"title":"Psychotherapies for the treatment of personality disorders: the state of the art.","authors":"Paul M G Emmelkamp, Katharina Meyerbröker","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000968","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000968","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: To provide an update of systematic reviews, meta-analyses and recent clinical outcome studies for personality disorder (PD) in order to investigate the state of the art of the evidence of psychotherapy for personality disorders.Recent findings: Few outcome studies in patients with Cluster A and Cluster C PD have been conducted, which limits the conclusions which can be drawn. Most recently published research has been conducted with borderline PD. There is limited evidence that dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), mentalization based therapy and schema therapy are more effective than treatment as usual. There is no convincing evidence that long and intensive therapy is more effective than short and less intensive therapy. Drop-out is rather high for patients with borderline PD. Group therapy results in more drop-outs than individual therapy.Summary: There is a clear need of studies evaluating whether psychotherapies developed for PDs are more effective than CBT for patients with Cluster C PD. Given that studies with patients with Cluster B PD suggest that longer treatment of DBT and mentalization-based treatment is not more effective than shorter treatment this needs to be studied with other evidence-based therapies as well. Serious efforts are needed to evaluate therapies for patients with Cluster A PDs.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"66-71"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142139569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Climate change, socioeconomic transition and mental health. 气候变化、社会经济转型和心理健康。

IF 7.5 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000974

Tomasz M Gondek

引用次数: 0

Urbanization and substance use in left-behind children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 城市化与留守儿童和青少年的药物使用：系统回顾和荟萃分析。

IF 7.5 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000970

Kelly Lin, Nicholas Buys, Yannan Jiang, Jing Sun

{"title":"Urbanization and substance use in left-behind children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Kelly Lin, Nicholas Buys, Yannan Jiang, Jing Sun","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000970","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000970","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Inequalities in job opportunities between urban and rural regions have driven many parents to move from rural to urban regions with aims to improve household income. Financial and political barriers prevent children from moving with their parents, meaning that their children become left-behind in rural regions. This study aims to meta-analyse the risk of drinking, smoking, illicit drug use and drunk experiences in left behind children (LBC) and non-LBC.Recent findings: Previous studies have indicated the negative effects of prolonged parental separation on children and adolescent mental health. Parental separation and poor mental health have both been identified as proximal risk factors for substance use in adolescence.Summary: The results indicated that LBC were at significantly greater risk of drinking, smoking, using illicit drugs, and having drunk experiences. Positive psychology interventions are required to help provide LBC with positive coping strategies against psychological distress. Policy changes to reduce inequalities in job opportunities between urban and rural regions are required to reduce the prevalence of LBC.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"48-58"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142388800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Personality disorders and their association with adverse childhood events. 人格障碍及其与童年不良事件的关系。

IF 7.5 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-02 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000959

Ştefania Crişan, Diana Nechita

{"title":"Personality disorders and their association with adverse childhood events.","authors":"Ştefania Crişan, Diana Nechita","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000959","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000959","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Theoretical models of personality disorders (PDs) highlight the role of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in the development and maintenance of personality pathology. This review presents recent studies on the associations between childhood adversity and PDs, while discussing mechanisms and factors that impact these relationships.Recent findings: Studies point to small to moderate associations between childhood adversity and cluster A, cluster B, and cluster C PDs, and some research suggests that childhood adversity could be a predictor for the onset and development of personality pathology. Most research focuses on borderline PD, while research on other PDs is limited. Some mechanisms that explain these associations have been proposed, with the literature investigating emotion dysregulation, dissociation, avoidance, or psychosocial dysfunction as mediators.Summary: The consistent associations between ACEs and PDs seems to point that childhood adversity could be a transdiagnostic risk factor for PDs, but research warrants further prospective investigations for causal conclusions, and calls for future research to investigate potential mediators and moderators more thoroughly.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"59-65"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141987558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social media addiction, personality traits, and disorders: an overview of recent literature. 社交媒体成瘾、人格特质和障碍：最新文献综述。

IF 7.5 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000969

Eiman Ahmed, Saad Ahmed

{"title":"Social media addiction, personality traits, and disorders: an overview of recent literature.","authors":"Eiman Ahmed, Saad Ahmed","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000969","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000969","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The rapid proliferation of social media has raised concerns regarding the maladaptive use of these platforms. Individuals exhibiting specific personality traits and disorders may be particularly vulnerable to the adverse outcomes associated with social media addiction. Despite the increasing research attention this topic has received, the relationship between personality traits, personality disorders, and addiction to social media remains fragmented and unclear.Recent findings: Research has primarily investigated the association between Big Five and Dark Triad model personality traits and social media addiction. Findings indicate that while most of the traits within the Big Five model vary in terms of significance, personality disorders and traits within the Dark Triad, which are generally associated with maladaptive thoughts and behaviors, are positively related to addictive social media use.Summary: Personality traits and disorders play a vital role in individuals' behavior. Research shows discrepancies in the relationship between certain traits in the Big Five model and social media addiction, warranting further investigation. At the same time, research also underscores the role of social media in potentially exacerbating conditions for those with personality disorders.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"72-77"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142343344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of immunomodulators in severe mental disorders: future perspectives. 免疫调节剂在严重精神障碍中的作用：未来展望。

IF 7.5 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000976

Bernhard T Baune, Sarah E Fromme

{"title":"The role of immunomodulators in severe mental disorders: future perspectives.","authors":"Bernhard T Baune, Sarah E Fromme","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000976","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000976","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The immune system is of pivotal importance with regard to the development and maintenance of mental illness. Aberrant cytokine levels are significant immune markers, and research is increasingly focusing on the complement system and the gut-brain axis. The efficacy and safety of immunomodulatory interventions are currently the subject of clinical studies. Hence, this review is timeline and relevant to evaluate the latest evidence on the clinical value of immunomodulatory treatments from studies over the past 18 months in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and unipolar depression.Recent findings: While conventional psychotropic drugs (antidepressants, antipsychotics, lithium) appear to have immunomodulatory adverse effects, antibiotics (minocycline), nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs (celecoxib) and anti-inflammatory therapeutics in particular are the subject of ongoing clinical trials. Integrative medical interventions such as nutritional supplements (e.g., N -acetyl- l -cysteine, polyunsaturated fatty acids) and exercise interventions (e.g., running, yoga) are being evaluated for their immunomodulatory effects and clinical value.Summary: No evidence-based recommendation can be made for the immunomodulatory treatment of depression, although celecoxib appears to be more effective than minocycline and omega-3 fatty acid. N -acetylcysteine (NAC) may be beneficial for the treatment of bipolar and schizophrenia disorders. However, further translational research is required to confirm these findings.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"41-47"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142616348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of climate change, biodiversity loss, and pollution on the incidence and manifestation of depressive and anxiety disorders. 气候变化、生物多样性丧失和污染对抑郁症和焦虑症发病率和表现的影响。

IF 7.5 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000971

Sebastian Karl, Lasse Brandt, Jurjen J Luykx, Geert Dom

{"title":"Impact of climate change, biodiversity loss, and pollution on the incidence and manifestation of depressive and anxiety disorders.","authors":"Sebastian Karl, Lasse Brandt, Jurjen J Luykx, Geert Dom","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000971","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000971","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Climate change, biodiversity loss, and pollution present a major threat to health. Although emphasis has been put on physical health impacts, evidence on the mental health consequences is now also accumulating quickly. Given the rapid developments in the field, this article provides an expert opinion on the emerging research.Recent findings: Umbrella reviews are adding more high-level evidence on the associations of environmental crises and mental health. Individual studies are focusing on specific aspects of environmental crises and mental health, shedding light on potential direct links between climate change and mental health. Further studies are aiming to quantify individual burden and societal cost of the environmental crises and mental health nexus and to identify those most at risk for negative mental health outcomes. Many studies focus on eco-emotions, attempting to characterize them further, provide tools for quantification, and to determine their effect on functioning.Summary: Although the accumulating research on the impacts of environmental change on depression and anxiety is filling important knowledge gaps, important questions remain, for example concerning the risk factors for the development of mental health disorders caused by ecological crises, tailored preventive strategies, and concerning the effects of biodiversity loss on mental health. Health systems need to further develop responses to these environmental crises.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":"38 1","pages":"35-40"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142921062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Update on eating disorders and disordered eating behaviors in metabolic bariatric surgery patients. 代谢性减肥手术患者饮食失调和饮食行为紊乱的最新情况。

IF 7.5 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-16 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000962

Eva Conceição, James E Mitchell, David B Sarwer

{"title":"Update on eating disorders and disordered eating behaviors in metabolic bariatric surgery patients.","authors":"Eva Conceição, James E Mitchell, David B Sarwer","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000962","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000962","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Recent literature suggests a potential causal link between metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS) and an increased risk of eating disorders. However, the available literature offers unclear results regarding the definition of eating problems among MBS patients, their potential impact on weight outcomes, and the efficacy of adjunctive treatment.Recent findings: Although eating disorders may be rare phenomena after surgery, disordered eating behaviors are more common and tend to be more consistently associated with suboptimal weight loss. There also appear to be clear problems when using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition (DSM-5) criteria to assess eating disorders among MBS patients, particularly for restrictive eating, binge-eating episodes, and the core psychopathology of eating disorders. Finally, preoperative interventions appear to offer effects limited to the presurgery period, and the evidence for the efficacy of postoperative interventions remains limited. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) offer promising benefits for weight loss and the treatment of binge-eating problems, but their potential risks must be carefully managed.Summary: Recognizing the diverse presentations of these problems among individuals undergoing MBS is crucial. Clinical attention should focus on intensive specialized care during the postoperative period for those who develop eating-related problems.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"424-429"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142139571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Systematic review of the epidemiology of eating disorders in the Arab world. 阿拉伯世界饮食失调流行病学系统回顾。

IF 7.5 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-16 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000960

Bernou Melisse, Eric van Furth, Hans W Hoek

{"title":"Systematic review of the epidemiology of eating disorders in the Arab world.","authors":"Bernou Melisse, Eric van Furth, Hans W Hoek","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000960","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000960","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The Arab world is dealing with modernization and sociocultural changes both associated with eating disorders. The present review provides an update of 'Eating disorders in the Arab world: a literature review', which was published in 2020.Recent findings: There are 22 recent epidemiological studies on eating disorders in five different countries in the Arab world. A large-scale national mental health survey reported a 12-month eating disorder prevalence of 3.2% and an eating disorder lifetime prevalence of 6.1%. Binge-eating disorder was the most common eating disorder (12-month prevalence = 2.1%, lifetime prevalence = 2.6%), 1.6% was at high risk for binge-eating disorder. Overall, between 23.8 and 34.8% was at high risk for any eating disorder. Body-shape dissatisfaction, a high BMI and separated/widowed/single marital status were associated with eating disorder pathology.Summary: Although there is still a lack of studies compared to the western world, the number of epidemiological studies on eating disorders in the Arab world is growing and there is an increase in studies using appropriate assessment-tools and norms. It is recommended to offer specialized treatment and to implement preventive programs.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"388-396"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11426976/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141987559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Early intervention for eating disorders. 饮食失调的早期干预。

IF 7.5 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000963

Regan Mills, Lucy Hyam, Ulrike Schmidt

{"title":"Early intervention for eating disorders.","authors":"Regan Mills, Lucy Hyam, Ulrike Schmidt","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000963","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000963","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Research on early intervention for eating disorders has started to gain traction and examples of this in practice are increasing. This review summarizes findings over the past 3 years, focusing on the clinical effectiveness of early intervention in practice and the barriers and facilitators to its implementation.Recent findings: Recent developments in early intervention for eating disorders can be divided into three broad themes: research that has examined the efficacy of early intervention pathways in practice, research that has informed understanding of the target patient groups of early intervention (via clinical staging models, e.g.), and research that has suggested new ways to progress early intervention, towards becoming a standard part of best practice care.Summary: Early intervention pathways have shown promising clinical outcomes and are viewed positively by patients, clinicians and other stakeholders. However, more robust trials of their efficacy, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness are needed. Additionally, barriers to early intervention have been identified (e.g. delayed help-seeking); research must now develop and evaluate strategies to address these. Finally, the early intervention models in practice are underpinned partly by clinical staging models for eating disorders, which require further development, especially for eating disorders other than anorexia nervosa.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"397-403"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11426982/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141987523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0