Current Opinion in Psychiatry最新文献_第4页

Loneliness and psychosis: an integrative review. 孤独与精神病：一项综合综述。

IF 5.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000001058

Gil Grunfeld, Sohee Park, Daniel Fulford

{"title":"Loneliness and psychosis: an integrative review.","authors":"Gil Grunfeld, Sohee Park, Daniel Fulford","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000001058","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000001058","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This review synthesizes emerging research on loneliness in psychosis, integrating neurocognitive, social, developmental, and phenomenological perspectives. We highlight how loneliness operates as both a precipitant and consequence of psychosis symptoms, discuss its manifestations across the psychosis spectrum, and outline conceptual and clinical priorities for advancing person-centered research and clinical care.Recent findings: Loneliness is highly prevalent in psychotic disorders and strongly associated with psychiatric symptom severity, instability of self-concept, and overall reduced wellbeing. Neurocognitive models demonstrate that chronic loneliness heightens social threat sensitivity and alters brain networks supporting social cognition and emotion regulation in individuals with psychosis. Longitudinal data show bidirectional relationships between loneliness and paranoia, psychotic-like experiences, and social-cognitive biases. Qualitative work emphasizes loneliness as a profound barrier to recovery across stages of illness. Understudied contributors, including attachment disruptions, social defeat, context, solitude, and disturbances in self and identity, shape subjective experiences of loneliness beyond objective isolation.Summary: Loneliness in psychosis is multidimensional, driven by interacting cognitive, interpersonal, developmental, and contextual processes. Future research should refine definitional distinctions of loneliness in psychosis phenomenology, incorporate dynamic and mixed-methods paradigms, and examine individual-specific and interpersonal mechanisms. Clinically, evidence supports treatments that prioritize meaning making, improving existing relationships, and addressing social biases, integrating cognitive, meta-cognitive, and narrative approaches.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"201-208"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145988764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Artificial intelligence for schizophrenia: from unimodal prediction to multimodal characterization. 精神分裂症的人工智能：从单峰预测到多峰表征。

IF 5.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000001076

Xinhui Li, Vince D Calhoun

{"title":"Artificial intelligence for schizophrenia: from unimodal prediction to multimodal characterization.","authors":"Xinhui Li, Vince D Calhoun","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000001076","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000001076","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Artificial intelligence is increasingly advancing both fundamental research and clinical applications in schizophrenia. This review surveys recent literature on artificial intelligence driven approaches for schizophrenia diagnosis, treatment, management, and characterization, using multiple data modalities such as neuroimaging, electrophysiology, electronic health records, and genomic data.Recent findings: Recent work shows substantial progress in leveraging machine learning and deep learning for diagnostic label prediction, treatment response modeling, and brain network characterization. While many studies continue to improve feature extraction and classification methods within single modalities, there is a growing trend to utilize multiple data sources to capture the complexity of schizophrenia from a comprehensive perspective. Emerging themes include multimodal fusion methodologies to identify linked correlates of schizophrenia, as well as data-driven approaches to learn subgroups, brain networks, and psychosis continua. The rise of large-scale multimodal datasets, foundation models, and mechanistic interpretability methods holds promise for scalable symptom assessment and biomarker identification, thereby better supporting early intervention and personalized treatment.Summary: Current literature highlights a shift from unimodal prediction to holistic, multimodal characterization of schizophrenia. Transforming these artificial intelligence models into clinical tools, however, requires careful attention to patient privacy and data bias, alongside rigorous validation across diverse populations and settings.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"192-200"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146141279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Urbanization and mental health in China. 中国城市化与心理健康

IF 5.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000001065

Wei-Lin Zeng, Xiao-Xuan Meng, Ling Zhang, Yuan Feng, Yu-Qin Sun, Sin Ieng Lon, Jinghua Li, Chee H Ng, Yu-Tao Xiang

{"title":"Urbanization and mental health in China.","authors":"Wei-Lin Zeng, Xiao-Xuan Meng, Ling Zhang, Yuan Feng, Yu-Qin Sun, Sin Ieng Lon, Jinghua Li, Chee H Ng, Yu-Tao Xiang","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000001065","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000001065","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The rapid urbanization in China has profoundly transformed social structures, environmental conditions, and public health landscapes within a relatively brief period. While driving economic growth, it has also generated complex mental health challenges. We explored the multifaceted relationships between urbanization and mental health in China, highlighting spatial and demographic disparities, impact pathways, and intervention strategies.Key findings: Mental health outcomes are shaped not by a simple urban-rural divide but by many determinants such as age, gender, chronic illness, socioeconomic status, and stage of life. Vulnerable groups, including rural older adults, migrant workers, left-behind or migrant children, and urban youth, face elevated psychological risks from environmental stressors, social exclusion and institutional barriers. Key influences are likely to involve the physical environment, social system, economic factors and policy frameworks. In addition, intervention strategies emphasize both individual and structural approaches, such as community-based psychosocial support, urban greening, inclusive policy design, and integrated mental health governance. However, current research on their impacts remains constrained by methodological limitations.Summary: This review underscores the need for equity-oriented approaches, interdisciplinary research and policy innovations to support community mental health within China's urbanization trajectory. Aligning public mental health strategies with national initiatives like \"Healthy China 2030\" and dual carbon goals is imperative to building inclusive and healthy urban environments for population mental well being and resilience.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"228-233"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145988054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Urban living and bipolar disorder: a review of the recent evidence. 城市生活与双相情感障碍：近期证据综述。

IF 5.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000001070

Qian Hui Chew, Kang Sim

{"title":"Urban living and bipolar disorder: a review of the recent evidence.","authors":"Qian Hui Chew, Kang Sim","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000001070","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000001070","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Recent evidence has expanded understanding of how urbanization influences bipolar disorder, yet findings remain inconsistent due in part to heterogeneous definitions of urbanicity. This review synthesizes recent studies using a structured framework encompassing interconnected constructs, timing of exposure, and community-level mechanisms. The aim is to clarify potential mediating factors underlying the relationship between urban environments and bipolar disorder.Recent findings: Few recent studies focus specifically on bipolar disorder, but most report a positive association between urbanicity and bipolar disorder risk or clinical encounters. Conventional urbanicity measures show limited associations with bipolar disorder related outcomes. In contrast, timing effects such as the interaction between urban birth and longest rural residence appear relevant. Community-level mechanisms constitute the most active domain of new research. Air pollution, high ambient temperatures, limited greenspace, and high walkability are associated with increased bipolar disorder risk or service use, while virtual exposure to nature appears beneficial.Summary: Environmental and community-level characteristics may play a more significant role in bipolar disorder than traditional geographic definitions of urbanicity. However, findings remain fragmented due to variable operationalization, small study numbers, and limited replication. Future work requires clearer differentiation between urbanization constructs, adoption of standardized or context-specific measures, investigation of macro- and micro-environmental mechanisms, and comparative analyses across bipolar disorder subtypes and related disorders.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"242-250"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145988741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of urbanisation on mental health. 城市化对心理健康的影响。

IF 4.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-26 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000001083

Yu-Tao Xiang, Yi-Ran Huang, Nan Ji, Chee H Ng

引用次数: 0

Recognizing autism in vulnerable populations: an equity lens and guidance. 识别弱势群体中的自闭症：公平视角与指导。

IF 5.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000001069

Maha AlMuraikhi, Muhammad Waqar Azeem, Salma Malik, Ahsan Nazeer

{"title":"Recognizing autism in vulnerable populations: an equity lens and guidance.","authors":"Maha AlMuraikhi, Muhammad Waqar Azeem, Salma Malik, Ahsan Nazeer","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000001069","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000001069","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Early autism diagnosis is especially difficult when developmental history or caregiver input is unavailable (e.g., displaced, institutionalized, or orphaned children). We synthesize observation-first, clinician-led approaches and regulated, technology-enabled aids that minimize reliance on collateral history.Recent findings: Standardized direct observation (e.g., ADOS-2 modules that do not require a caregiver) can support diagnosis when history is limited, but feasibility hinges on training, cultural adaptation, and service capacity. Many legacy instruments predate DSM-5/DSM-5-TR, creating construct gaps. Recently cleared aids, an eye-tracking system for toddlers, and a software tool combining short videos, caregiver input, and clinician ratings, function as decision support rather than stand-alone diagnostics. Mobile and remote screening paradigms show promise but require independent, cross-cultural validation.Summary: Diagnostic equity necessitates pathways that are effective when medical histories are incomplete. We outline a minimum dataset and a pragmatic workflow that replace caregiver reports with structured observations, school/residential collateral, and carefully integrated objective measures, under clinician synthesis. Priorities include updating legacy instruments, publishing brief observational batteries with known accuracy bounds, and validating tools across languages and contexts.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"118-128"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145988775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Apathy in dementia: pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatment strategies. 痴呆中的冷漠：药物和非药物治疗策略。

IF 5.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-21 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000001054

Deniz Büyükgök, Ezgi Ince Guliyev, Başar Bilgiç

{"title":"Apathy in dementia: pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatment strategies.","authors":"Deniz Büyükgök, Ezgi Ince Guliyev, Başar Bilgiç","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000001054","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000001054","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Apathy is one of the most prevalent and disabling symptoms of neurodegenerative disorders, yet targeted treatments remain poorly defined. In recent years, growing interest in its conceptualization and management has led to an increasing number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses addressing both pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions.Recent findings: Among pharmacological approaches, methylphenidate presented with early reductions in apathy with an acceptable safety profile in multiple RCTs, including a large 6-month trial. However, the sustainability of effect has not been fully achieved. Other stimulants, bupropion, and conventional Alzheimer's medications such as cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine show inconsistent or limited effects. Antidepressants and antipsychotics are not recommended for apathy, although selected agents may benefit comorbid conditions. As for the nonpharmacological interventions, evidence supports the benefits of physical exercise and the emerging promise of neuromodulation. Technology-based interventions are feasible but show variable efficacy.Summary: Methylphenidate currently represents the most studied pharmacological agent for apathy in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, optimal management is likely to combine pharmacological and psychosocial strategies tailored to the patient context. Future studies should include pragmatic trials with apathy as a primary endpoint, long-term follow-up, and expansion beyond AD.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":"39 2","pages":"160-167"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146084800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neurodevelopmental disabilities among children and adolescents: perspectives and priorities in low- and middle-income countries. 儿童和青少年的神经发育障碍：低收入和中等收入国家的观点和优先事项。

IF 5.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000001064

Nazish Imran, Sania Mumtaz Tahir, Maryam Ayub, Ahsan Nazeer

{"title":"Neurodevelopmental disabilities among children and adolescents: perspectives and priorities in low- and middle-income countries.","authors":"Nazish Imran, Sania Mumtaz Tahir, Maryam Ayub, Ahsan Nazeer","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000001064","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000001064","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: To synthesize recent evidence on neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) among children and adolescents in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and outline practical priorities for services, policy, and research.Recent findings: Latest research suggests that NDDs are very common in LMICs. The population estimates of NDDs are 10-20% in children depending on subtype and setting. Yet, the diagnosis and treatment interventions remain inadequate. Current evidence suggests that implementation of targeted strategies for NDDs can be helpful. These include caregiver mediated interventions, task shifting approaches integrating community health workers and inclusive education interventions. There are also promising opportunities available in tele-health and emerging applications of artificial intelligence. But disparities continue to persist due to stigma, limited data, lack of adult diagnostic tools, and weak policy frameworks.Summary: To enhance developmental outcomes, it is important integrate NDD care into existing health and education systems. In current times, this includes ability to utilize artificial intelligence and digital technologies. In addition, it is essential to develop policy frameworks, invest in research, and foster collaboration between various sectors.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"103-108"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145988725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The incidence of dementia in populations around the globe. 痴呆症在全球人群中的发病率。

IF 5.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000001053

Ashleigh S Vella, Susanne Roehr, Perminder S Sachdev

{"title":"The incidence of dementia in populations around the globe.","authors":"Ashleigh S Vella, Susanne Roehr, Perminder S Sachdev","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000001053","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000001053","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This review synthesizes recent advancements in understanding global dementia incidence while recognizing research inequities that hinder accurate estimates, especially among low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and ethnoracial minorities. We highlight data gaps and outline opportunities to address these inequities, emphasizing the importance of diversity to achieve more reliable estimates.Recent findings: Dementia incidence varies geographically; however, global estimates remain skewed due to under-representation and underdiagnosis in LMICs and minorities. While evidence from Europe and the USA show declining incidence, this trend is not universal with increases in Japan, Taiwan, and South Korea. Therefore, forecasted estimates assuming stable incidence, leave health systems underprepared. Risk factors like apolipoprotein Eε4 status show population-specific effects with a strong link to dementia incidence in Western but attenuated effects in African populations. Hence, variation in modifiable and protective factors call for country-specific estimates and interventions, based on diverse representative samples.Summary: Recent findings bring into focus the urgent need for high-quality longitudinal representative datasets, especially among under-researched LMICs and diverse ethnoracial groups. Investment into locally led cohort studies, culturally sensitive assessments and harmonization procedures, equitable collaborations, and methodological transparency will improve incidence accuracy, guiding population-specific interventions and public health policy.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"168-174"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13259594/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145458115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Childhood adversities and the exposome in dementia risk and brain health. 童年逆境和痴呆风险与大脑健康的暴露点。

IF 5.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000001057

Sandra Baez, Yehia Nabil, Agustin Ibanez

{"title":"Childhood adversities and the exposome in dementia risk and brain health.","authors":"Sandra Baez, Yehia Nabil, Agustin Ibanez","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000001057","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000001057","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Prevention research has largely concentrated on mid- and late-life modifiable risk factors, whereas early-life adversities have received less attention. Growing evidence shows that early adversities can influence brain health across biological systems and social environments, yet findings are fragmented and rarely address broader structural conditions. This review synthesizes recent evidence and introduces an exposome-informed conceptual model to guide future research and prevention.Recent findings: Childhood adversities are linked to faster aging-related changes, including biological alterations, poorer cognition, subjective decline, functional impairment, and neuropsychiatric and mental health symptoms, as well as increased risk of mild cognitive impairment and dementia. Abuse, neglect, and socioeconomic deprivation show the most consistent associations. However, variation in how adversities are measured and the underrepresentation of global settings limit comparability. Few studies examine combined social and physical exposures, incorporate structural determinants such as segregation or conflict, or assess protective factors.Summary: Findings highlight the need to move beyond single exposures, address structural and environmental influences, and broaden diversity in research populations. Identifying individuals exposed to early adversities may help tailor prevention efforts. An exposome-informed conceptual model links social and physical exposures with both vulnerability and resilience and can inform precision-prevention strategies to promote equitable brain health.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"136-150"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13036883/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145988738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0