Dental Research Journal最新文献

{"title":"Effect of the crystalline structure of ceramic orthodontic brackets on the adherence of <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> and <i>Candida albicans</i>: An <i>in vitro</i> study.","authors":"Aidin Hasanzadeh Azhiri, Ali Tashakor, Kamal Mirmohammadi, Reza Rasooli","doi":"10.4103/drj.drj_84_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/drj.drj_84_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>With recent increases in demand for the esthetic aspects of orthodontic treatments, the use of ceramic brackets has gained more popularity. Dental demineralization is a frequent, undesired effect of microbial biofilm adhesion to orthodontic appliances. The crystalline structure of ceramics results in different material properties, and its possible effect on microbial adhesion was investigated in this study.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This research was conducted experimentally and <i>in vitro</i>. Samples consisted of 40 monocrystalline and 40 polycrystalline brackets, further divided into two groups incubated with either <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> alone or <i>S. mutans</i> with <i>Candida albicans</i>. The culture medium was Tryptic Soy Broth with 20% sucrose. All samples were incubated at 37°C for 48 h. Macroscopic detachment of the formed biofilm would be the basis for adhesion scoring. The Mann-Whitney test was used to analyze the adhesion scores. In this study, a significance level of <i>P</i> < 0.05 was considered.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean for adhesion score in <i>S. mutans</i> group was 1.85 ± 0.67 for the monocrystalline group and 2.35 ± 0.59 for the polycrystalline group (27% difference, <i>P</i> = 0.035). The adhesion score in <i>S. mutans</i> and <i>C. albicans</i> group was lower in the monocrystalline group (1.6 vs. 2.0) but was not statistically significant (<i>P</i> = 0.108).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed that monocrystalline ceramic brackets had less overall microbial biofilm adhesion compared to polycrystalline ceramic brackets, especially when incubated with <i>S. mutans</i> alone. This observation might be explained primarily by lower surface roughness in monocrystalline ceramics.</p>","PeriodicalId":11016,"journal":{"name":"Dental Research Journal","volume":"21 ","pages":"61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11676311/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142902680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the mechanical properties of the polymer orthodontic bracket materials with the conventional orthodontic bracket materials: A systematic review.","authors":"Srinidhi Ramasundaram, Dilip Srinivasan, K Ravi, Davis Devasahayam","doi":"10.4103/drj.drj_196_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/drj.drj_196_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this study was to compare the mechanical properties of the polymer brackets with metal and ceramic brackets and verify if the polymer brackets could be used clinically.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A thorough search was conducted in four electronic databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Cochrane, Ovid, and Lilacs, with article selection based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis standards. A computerized search of the database was done from January 1990 to June 2024. Two independent reviewers were involved in study selection, data extraction, and synthesis. Disagreements were resolved by discussion with a third reviewer. The risk of bias was assessed by the quality assessment tool for <i>in vitro</i> studies (QUIN tool). The outcomes measured included permanent deformation, hardness, and torquing capacity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten studies were selected after excluding duplicates, screening, and complete text reading to identify the articles that met the eligibility criteria. All ten studies showed medium risk based on the quality assessment tool for <i>in vitro</i> studies (QUIN Tool).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The following findings were obtained: Polymer brackets have lower mechanical properties in terms of torque loss, fracture resistance, hardness, and torsional creep compared to metal brackets. Among the polymers listed in the studies, it was found that polyamide exhibited low hardness and polyoxymethylene exhibited the highest torque loss. Torque deformation was highest with a ceramic-reinforced polymer bracket, followed by pure polymer. Torque deformation was minimal with metal slot- and ceramic-reinforced polymers, followed by metal slot-reinforced polymers.</p>","PeriodicalId":11016,"journal":{"name":"Dental Research Journal","volume":"21 ","pages":"59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11676312/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142902678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of topical application of amitriptyline and nortriptyline on irreversible pulpitis pain in teeth with failed pulpal anesthesia after a successful inferior alveolar nerve block: A randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Armita Vali Sichani, Hossein Baharian, Navid Yaraghi, Zahra Khosravani, Asana Vali Sichani","doi":"10.4103/drj.drj_324_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/drj.drj_324_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>No consensus has been reached on the effect of topical application of amitriptyline and nortriptyline on irreversible pulpitis pain in teeth with failed pulpal anesthesia after a successful inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) block. This study aimed to assess the effect of topical application of amitriptyline and nortriptyline on irreversible pulpitis pain in teeth with failed pulpal anesthesia after a successful IAN block.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 45 patients with irreversible pulpitis. The patients were randomly assigned to three groups (<i>n</i> = 15) for topical application of 10 mg amitriptyline, 10 mg nortriptyline, and starch (placebo). An IAN block was primarily administered by injection of lidocaine with 1:80,000 epinephrine. Next, the abovementioned medications were topically applied in each group. The pain level of patients was quantified by the McGill Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale (FPRS) before the intervention, immediately after injection, and after topical application of materials and compared. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 21 using the Chi-square test, likelihood ratio, one-way ANOVA, repeated-measures ANOVA, and the Kruskal-Wallis test. <i>P</i> < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All three interventions significantly decreased pain (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Although nortriptyline caused a greater pain relief, the difference among the three groups was not significant regarding the VAS or Wong-Baker FPRS scores (<i>P</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although nortriptyline caused a greater reduction in irreversible pulpitis pain than amitriptyline, the difference between the two medications was not significant. Future studies without a placebo group are recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":11016,"journal":{"name":"Dental Research Journal","volume":"21 ","pages":"60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11676318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142902681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of silver and calcium fluoride nanoparticles on antibacterial activity of composite resin against <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>: An <i>in vitro</i> study.","authors":"Mehdi Fathi, Zahra Hosseinali, Tina Molaei, Somayeh Hekmatfar","doi":"10.4103/drj.drj_12_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/drj.drj_12_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recurrent caries were attributed to the lack of antibacterial properties of the dental materials. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and calcium fluoride nanoparticles (CaF2NPs) are broad-spectrum antibacterial agents. The object of the study was to investigate the antibacterial properties of composite-incorporated AgNPs and CaF2NPs on <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This experimental study forty-eight disks containing 0.5, 1, and 1.5% wt AgNPs s (<i>n</i> = 24) and 5, 10, and 15% wt CaF2NPs were prepared from flowable composite resin (<i>n</i> = 24). The third group consisted of 9 types of the combination of AgNPs and CaF2NPs (<i>n</i> = 72). A field emission scanning electron microscope with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis system was used to test for the presence of nanoparticles in composite resins. The antibacterial efficacy of dental composite was evaluated by disk diffusion agar test. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration were conducted. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and multiple Tukey HSD (Honestly Significant Difference) tests. Significance level was set at 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nanoparticles added to composite produce bacterial inhibition zone. The greatest inhibition of bacterial growth was recorded in the third group which contained both nanoparticles (<i>P</i> < 0.05). MIC values decreased after adding CaF2 NPs to the AgNPs-containing composite. The results of the FE-SEM test indicate the presence of AgNPs and CaF2NPs in the dental composite resin sample. On the other hand, the formation of AgNPs and their elemental nature were proved using energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis EDX analysis. According to the results, composite resins containing 0.5% of AgNPs s and 15% of CaF2NPs exhibited a significantly lower antibacterial activity compared to the 1.5% and 1% of AgNPs s with 15% of CaF2NPs (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dental composite resins-containing CaF2NPs and AgNPs showed anti-bacterial activity against <i>S. mutans</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":11016,"journal":{"name":"Dental Research Journal","volume":"21 ","pages":"58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11676319/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142902690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of tribulus terrestris methanolic extract against <i>Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus</i>, and <i>Lactobacillus acidophilus:</i> An <i>in vitro</i> study.","authors":"Ali Azarm, Fatemeh Ayoobi, Mohammad Zare-Bidaki, Mohammad Taheri, Ebrahim Rezazadeh Zarandi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Tribulus terrestris</i> (TT) extract has shown good antibacterial activity against some bacteria. However, there are limited data on its cariogenic properties. This <i>in vitro</i> study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of TT extract against <i>Streptococcus mutans (S</i>. <i>mutans), Streptococcus sobrinus</i> (<i>S</i>. <i>sorbinus</i>), and <i>Lactobacillus acidophilus</i> (<i>L</i>. <i>acidophilus</i>) as the important cariogenic bacteria.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study was designed in an experimental model (<i>in vitro</i>). Phytochemical tests were carried out to detect herbal compounds in the TT extract. Agar well diffusion was performed to compare the extract (500-62.5 mg/mL) with different concentrations of chlorhexidine (2-0.25 mg/mL). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the TT extract and chlorhexidine were also determined. The lowest concentration showing ≥50% inhibition of biofilm formation (MBIC₅₀) was determined using crystal violet assay. Further, the time-kill assay (Log of CFU/mL) was performed, and acid production (pH) was measured at 1 × MIC concentration in 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h. Data analysis conducted using SPSS software (v26, IBM) involved One-way analysis of variance, Tukey <i>post hoc</i> tests, and <i>t</i>-test to compare concentrations and groups. Significance level is set at 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The TT extract mostly consisted of flavonoids. Its inhibition zones in the well diffusion test were statistically comparable with chlorhexidine in some concentrations (<i>P</i> > 0.05). The MIC of the TT extract was 15.625 mg/mL for all tested bacteria, whereas the MBC ranged from 31.25 to 62.5 mg/mL. Further, the MBIC₅₀ ranged from 7.8125 to 15.625 mg/mL for the extract. Time-kill assay showed that the bactericidal activity of the TT extract lasted for 8, 12, and 2 h for <i>S</i>. <i>mutans, S</i>. <i>sobrinus</i>, and <i>L</i>. <i>acidophilus</i>, respectively. The acid production decreased obviously after 8 h.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The TT extract showed good time-dependent antibacterial and antibiofilm activity, as well as acid production inhibition, against cariogenic bacteria in laboratory experiments.</p>","PeriodicalId":11016,"journal":{"name":"Dental Research Journal","volume":"21 ","pages":"57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11581358/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142686151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of remineralizing efficacy of calcium sodium phosphosilicate, ginger, turmeric, and fluoride.","authors":"Amir Shayegan, Sara Arab, Victor Manyong Makanz, Nicka Safavi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>White lesions, also known as white spots, are the earliest signs of tooth decay. At this stage, noninvasive preventive treatments, such as fluoride application, can help to slow down or even reverse the progression of white lesions. For decades, fluoride has held the spotlight as the go-to agent in oral preventive care, demonstrating significant remineralizing power. Recent scientific literature reveals a growing interest in alternative products as natural substances that demonstrate potential remineralizing effects on tooth enamel. This <i>in vitro</i> study aimed to evaluate the potential remineralizing effect of calcium sodium phosphosilicate (CSP), ginger, and turmeric.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This <i>in vitro</i> study was designed to evaluate the remineralizing effects of various materials on the enamel of extracted human teeth. The aim was to compare the effectiveness of these different substances in promoting enamel remineralization. Enamel blocks were prepared and were divided into seven experimental groups: CSP, fluoride toothpaste, nonfluoride toothpaste, turmeric, ginger, fluoride varnish, and distilled water. In this study, sample mineralization is assessed through the quantitative photo-induced fluorescence test before demineralization, after demineralization, and after remineralization. Statistical analysis of the data was conducted using a one-factor analysis of variance test. The significance level was set at <i>P</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The best results were obtained by groups treated with turmeric (<i>P</i> < 0.0001), Enamelast fluoride varnish (<i>P</i> < 0.0001), and NovaMin (<i>P</i> < 0.01), as compared to other remineralizing treatments.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While fluoride has undeniably revolutionized oral preventive care, the exploration of alternative products as natural substances and innovative compounds in recent scientific literature signals a shift in focus toward safer and potentially more diverse options.</p>","PeriodicalId":11016,"journal":{"name":"Dental Research Journal","volume":"21 ","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11581357/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142686082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In vitro</i> antibacterial effect of a nano-zinc oxide eugenol sealer alone and in combination with chitosan, propolis, and nanosilver on <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>.","authors":"Parisa Ghaffari, Habib Zeighami, Mohammad Najdalizade, Leila Eftekhar","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to assess the antibacterial effect of a nano-zinc oxide eugenol (nZOE) sealer alone and in combination with chitosan, propolis, and nanosilver on <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this <i>in vitro</i>, experimental study, nanosilver, chitosan, and propolis with 10wt%, 20wt%, and 60wt% concentrations, respectively, were added to nZOE sealer, and their antibacterial activity against <i>E. faecalis</i> was evaluated by agar diffusion and broth microdilution tests. The diameter of the growth inhibition zones was measured, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values were calculated for all materials. Data were analyzed by <i>t</i>-test (alpha = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The addition of nanosilver, chitosan, and propolis to nZOE did not change the diameter of growth inhibition zone in agar diffusion test. Propolis and eugenol alone showed the lowest MIC and MBC. Chitosan alone showed the highest MIC and MBC. Furthermore, nZOE showed lower MBC than micro-ZOE (<i>P</i> = 0.000). All groups containing nZOE showed the lowest MIC and MBC values.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The addition of propolis to nZOE can enhance its antibacterial activity against <i>E. faecalis in vitro</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":11016,"journal":{"name":"Dental Research Journal","volume":"21 ","pages":"56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11581359/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142686059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Masking ability of computer-aided design and manufacturing bleach shade ceramics with different thicknesses on titanium abutments.","authors":"Amin Bidaki, Ghazaleh Ahmadizenouz, Behnaz Esmaeili","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Titanium abutments are the gold standard of implant treatments. However, they may not create sufficient color matching to the natural teeth due to the gray color showing through under the ceramic crown. The present study aimed to determine the masking ability of computer-aided design and manufacturing () bleach shade ceramics in different thicknesses on titanium abutments.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this laboratory study, a total of 90 specimens of bleach shade ceramics Celtra Duo (CD), Vita Suprinity (VS), and zirconia Luxen were prepared in thicknesses of 1, 1.5, and 2 mm (<i>n</i> = 10). Background specimens of G-aenial composite in A3 color and titanium were used. The ceramic specimens were placed on titanium and composite backgrounds and L*a*b* color parameters and color difference (ΔE) were measured with the VITA Easyshade spectrophotometer. Data were analyzed using three-way and one-way analysis of variance tests. Pairwise comparisons of groups were also performed with Tukey's test. <i>P</i> <0.05 was considered statistically significant and ΔE <2.7 was considered clinically acceptable criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The effects of thickness, ceramic type, and their interaction effects on the ΔE were statistically significant (all three: <i>P</i> <0.001). The difference in ΔE values of bleach shade ceramics on titanium and composite backgrounds was estimated to be statistically significant in the thicknesses of 1 mm (<i>P</i> = 0.01), 1.5 mm (<i>P</i> < 0.001), and 2 mm (<i>P</i> = 0.001). Zirconia had a better performance for masking ability in thicknesses of 1.5 mm (<i>P</i> < 0.001) and 1 mm (<i>P</i> = 0.01), while VS ceramic showed the best masking ability in thicknesses of 2 mm (<i>P</i> = 0.001). The masking ability of ceramics was improved by increasing the thickness.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Except for VS ceramic in thickness of 1 mm, the rest of the bleach shade ceramics in all three thicknesses of 1, 1.5, and 2 mm have adequate ability to mask the titanium background and their use in line with the masking ability of titanium background has brought acceptable esthetic results.</p>","PeriodicalId":11016,"journal":{"name":"Dental Research Journal","volume":"21 ","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542750/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142602091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytotoxicity of dental ceramic materials on human gingival fibroblasts.","authors":"Omid Savabi, Farahnaz Nejatidanesh, Morteza Sharifi, Mohammadjavad Shirani, Alireza Valanezhad, Ikuya Watanabe, Batool Hashemi Beni, Mohammad Khodaei","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the effect of new computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing all-ceramic materials on the viability and adhesion properties of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this experimental study, the proliferation and adhesion potential of the cells were evaluated by seeding the HGF cells on rectangular samples (<i>n</i> = 18 for each group). The studied groups were tetragonal zirconia (TZr), cubic zirconia (CZr), lithium disilicate (LDS), zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS), and hybrid ceramic (HyC) (<i>n</i> = 6 for each studied time). The cell viability (3-[4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay was conducted at determined times (24 h, 72 h, and 168 h) to evaluate the cell proliferation. Subsequently, the cultured cells were processed for scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation at each time interval. The surface roughness and wettability of studied ceramics were assessed using a surface profilometer and water contact angle. Differences in the cellular viability, surface roughness (Ra), and wet ability (wetting angle) of studied groups were compared by one-way analysis of variance and the Tukey multiple comparisons test (á = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The highest percentage of cell viability after 24 h, 72 h, and 168 h cultures was related to ZLS, LDS, and CZr, respectively. The lowest proliferation of fibroblast cells was shown in ZLS compared to other groups. SEM analysis showed that the CZr and LDS groups have better adhesion patterns and morphology. The surface of HyC groups was significantly less rough than other groups. Regarding the water wetting angle (wettability), the TZr and CZr showed significantly larger angles.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Within the limitation of this study, it can be concluded that CZr and LDS ceramics had better adhesion patterns and typical morphology. On the other hand, zirconia with a larger wetting angle can reduce the chance of bacteria adhesion to the surface.</p>","PeriodicalId":11016,"journal":{"name":"Dental Research Journal","volume":"21 ","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542751/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142603564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Matrix metalloproteinase 9 level changes in gingival crevicular fluid samples of teeth with acute and chronic apical periodontitis.","authors":"Nozhan Azimi, Mohammad Mahdi Khanmohammadi, Sarvin Mesbahian, Mozhgan Khatibzadeh, Mehdi Vatanpour, Amirabbas Moshari","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study investigates the influence of dental pulp and periapical status on inflammatory mediators, particularly matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which contribute to tissue destruction around the teeth and the development of periodontitis. This study aimed to compare MMP-9 levels in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) between the cases of acute apical periodontitis, chronic apical periodontitis, and healthy controls before and after root canal treatment (RCT).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This prospective, cohort study involved 19 samples each of acute and chronic periodontitis cases, both before and after RCT, along with 18 samples from healthy control teeth. The samples were collected from the GCF using paper cones. After 2 weeks of RCT, the process was repeated. MMP-9 levels were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. Statistical analysis was performed using the paired <i>t</i>-test and analysis of variance test and the significance level was set at < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Before treatment, there was no significant difference in MMP-9 levels between the healthy (0.476 μg/μL) and acute (0.48 μg/μL) groups; however, significant differences were observed between the healthy and chronic (0.534 μg/μL) groups. In addition, MMP-9 levels differed significantly between the acute and chronic groups before treatment. Post-treatment, the healthy group showed no notable difference compared to either patient group. However, a significant difference was observed between the acute (0.445 μg/μL) and chronic (0.491 μg/μL) groups after treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that MMP-9 levels in GCF increase during periapical inflammation and decrease after endodontic treatment. MMP-9 may serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker for pulp and periapical inflammation, enhancing our understanding of these clinical conditions and informing future therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11016,"journal":{"name":"Dental Research Journal","volume":"21 ","pages":"52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542748/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142602168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}