Dental Research Journal最新文献

{"title":"Antibacterial effect of 940 nm diode laser on <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>-infected root canals.","authors":"Amir Ardalan Abdollahi, Seyyed Amir Seyyedi, Lida Lotfollahi, Navid Yekadast Javan","doi":"10.4103/drj.drj_260_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/drj.drj_260_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study compared the antibacterial effects of 940 nm diode laser and sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine irrigations on <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> in human permanent single-rooted teeth.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this <i>in vitro</i> study, 65 extracted human single-rooted teeth were prepared using the crown-down method using rotary files. The root canals were irrigated with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite, 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, and normal saline solution. After placing the roots in microtubules, they were transferred into an autoclave. The teeth were randomly divided into four groups (<i>n</i> = 15): laser, sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine, and saline. Three teeth were assigned to the positive control group and two to the negative control group. The root canals were sampled, and the colony counts were determined 24 h later. Then, antibacterial agents were applied to the canals, and immediately after, the root canals were sampled, and the colony counts were determined 24 h later. The data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney <i>U</i>-tests using the SPSS software version 26. The significance level was defined at <i>P</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine, laser, and normal saline significantly reduced bacterial colony counts, confirming their antimicrobial effects (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine showed the highest antimicrobial effects, with no significant differences between the sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine groups (<i>P</i> = 0.512); however, there were significant differences between the other groups (<i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>According to the results, 940 nm diode laser beams significantly reduced <i>E</i>. <i>faecalis</i> counts and could be used as a new, effective, and complementary treatment in disinfecting the root canal.</p>","PeriodicalId":11016,"journal":{"name":"Dental Research Journal","volume":"21 ","pages":"62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11676316/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142902677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of apically extruded debris from root canal filling removal of the mesiobuccal canal of maxillary molars using XP shaper and protaper with two different irrigation.","authors":"Sanaz Mirsattari, Maryam Zare Jahromi, Masoud Khabiri","doi":"10.4103/drj.drj_703_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/drj.drj_703_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Periapical extrusion of debris for root retreatment will effectively improve the posttreatment inflammation and pain. The aim of this study was to investigate the extruded debris for root retreatment using XP shaper and ProTaper files.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In his experimental laboratory study, 40 extracted human maxillary molars were used in this laboratory study. After disinfection and equalization of length, the samples were treated with a passive step-back technique and dressed. The samples placed in the tubes for retreatment were divided into four groups: (1) XP shaper file and hypochlorite, (2) XP shaper file and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), (3) ProTaper file and hypochlorite, and (4) ProTaper file and EDTA. Then, the teeth were taken out of the tubes, and cleaned to collect the remaining apical debris. The weight of the tube and the extruded debris was measured again. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test (<i>α</i> =0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The highest average of extruded debris was related to the XP shaper file with EDTA solution, and the lowest average was related to the ProTaper file with hypochlorite solution. Between the two files used with EDTA and hypochlorite solution, the average debris extrusion of the XP shaper file with EDTA solution was significantly higher (<i>P</i> < 0.05) compared to the ProTaper and XP shaper files with hypochlorite solution (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Regardless of the type of irrigant material, the ProTaper file can be a more suitable option than the XP shaper file for retreatment of the tooth root canal with minimal debris extrusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":11016,"journal":{"name":"Dental Research Journal","volume":"21 ","pages":"65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11676314/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142902686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of autologous platelet concentrates for root coverage of Miller's Class I and II gingival recession defects: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Jaber Yaghini, Ahmad Mogharehabed, Awat Feizi, Fatemeh Yazdanfar","doi":"10.4103/drj.drj_437_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/drj.drj_437_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficacy of autologous platelet concentrate (APCs) in comparison with coronally-advanced flap alone or in combination with connective tissue graft or other biomaterials or bioactive agents for root coverage (RC) of Miller's Class I and II gingival recession defects by measuring the keratinized mucosa width (KMW).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis guidelines. An electronic search of the literature was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane, Web of Science, Magiran, Scientific Information Database, and Irandoc for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that used APCs for RC in their intervention group. Eligible articles were retrieved by assessment of titles and abstracts and then the full texts. The risk of bias was assessed by the Cochrane Library Risk of Bias Assessment Tool. Meta-analysis was carried out by RevMan 5.3 software. In the case of homogeneity, variables were reported as weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for each group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The search yielded 689 articles; out of which, 32 were eligible for study inclusion. Meta-analysis did not show any additional effect for RC and KMW with APCs. Clinical parameters were as follows: RC: WMD = -1.57 mm (95% CI: -2.49, -0.659; <i>P</i> = 0.001) and KMW: -0.106 mm (95% CI: -0.3222, 0.110; <i>P</i> = 0.337).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The application of APCs for RC of Miller's Class I and II gingival recession defects does not seem to improve the clinical parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":11016,"journal":{"name":"Dental Research Journal","volume":"21 ","pages":"63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11676317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142902683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating paranasal sinuses developmental disorders and septum deviation angle effects on olfactory fossa depth using cone-beam computed tomography.","authors":"Hoda Haerian, Roshanak Ghaffari, Shabnam Azari","doi":"10.4103/drj.drj_50_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/drj.drj_50_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The ethmoid roof separates the ethmoid cells from the anterior cranial fossa. From the medial side, the roof of the ethmoid is connected to the lateral lamella of the ethmoid plate, which is the thinnest bone at the base of the skull and is most vulnerable to damage during endoscopic surgeries. The purpose of this study is to investigate the height of the lateral lamella in patients with hypoplasia/aplasia of the paranasal sinuses and deviation of the nasal septum using reconstructed multiplanar images by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this descriptive-analytical (cross-sectional) study, 192 CBCT images (89 males and 103 females) with an age range of 18 years and older were examined. These 192 participants included 58 cases of frontal sinus (FS) hypoplasia/aplasia, 42 cases of maxillary sinus (MS) hypoplasia/aplasia, 12 cases of sphenoid sinus (SS) hypoplasia/aplasia, 40 cases of nasal septum deviation, and 40 cases as a control group. As Keros classification indicates, the depth of the olfactory fossa was estimated in three categories: type 1 (1-3 mm), type 2 (4-7 mm), and type 3 (8-16 mm). The height of the lateral lamella was measured in the coronal section in all images. The septum deviation angle was also measured in the coronal section. For statistical analysis, Shapiro-Wilk, independent <i>t</i>, nonparametric Mann-Whitney, Pearson correlation, and Kruskal-Wallis tests were done using the SPSS 22 software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most common type of olfactory fossa in all disorders and the control group was type II of the Keros classification. The highest average lateral lamella height was in the SS hypoplasia group (6.226 mm) and the lowest in the FS aplasia group (4.411 mm). The lateral lamella height in FS aplasia/hypoplasia groups was significantly lower than the control group (<i>P</i> = 0.002 and <i>P</i> = 0.044). The average deviation angle of the nasal septum was 19.73° ±5.35° and no significant relationship was found between this angle and the height of lateral lamella (<i>P</i> = 0.938). The height of the lateral lamella in the FS hypoplasia group was significantly higher in men than in women (<i>P</i> = 0.019), but in other groups, there was no relationship between lateral lamella height and gender. Seventy-five percent of the participants of the nasal septum deviation group were type II of Keros classification and the remaining 25% were type I.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The lateral lamella height in hypoplastic/aplastic FSs is lower than normal, and this information is useful in preventing complications during endoscopic sinus surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":11016,"journal":{"name":"Dental Research Journal","volume":"21 ","pages":"64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11676313/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142902687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the crystalline structure of ceramic orthodontic brackets on the adherence of <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> and <i>Candida albicans</i>: An <i>in vitro</i> study.","authors":"Aidin Hasanzadeh Azhiri, Ali Tashakor, Kamal Mirmohammadi, Reza Rasooli","doi":"10.4103/drj.drj_84_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/drj.drj_84_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>With recent increases in demand for the esthetic aspects of orthodontic treatments, the use of ceramic brackets has gained more popularity. Dental demineralization is a frequent, undesired effect of microbial biofilm adhesion to orthodontic appliances. The crystalline structure of ceramics results in different material properties, and its possible effect on microbial adhesion was investigated in this study.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This research was conducted experimentally and <i>in vitro</i>. Samples consisted of 40 monocrystalline and 40 polycrystalline brackets, further divided into two groups incubated with either <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> alone or <i>S. mutans</i> with <i>Candida albicans</i>. The culture medium was Tryptic Soy Broth with 20% sucrose. All samples were incubated at 37°C for 48 h. Macroscopic detachment of the formed biofilm would be the basis for adhesion scoring. The Mann-Whitney test was used to analyze the adhesion scores. In this study, a significance level of <i>P</i> < 0.05 was considered.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean for adhesion score in <i>S. mutans</i> group was 1.85 ± 0.67 for the monocrystalline group and 2.35 ± 0.59 for the polycrystalline group (27% difference, <i>P</i> = 0.035). The adhesion score in <i>S. mutans</i> and <i>C. albicans</i> group was lower in the monocrystalline group (1.6 vs. 2.0) but was not statistically significant (<i>P</i> = 0.108).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed that monocrystalline ceramic brackets had less overall microbial biofilm adhesion compared to polycrystalline ceramic brackets, especially when incubated with <i>S. mutans</i> alone. This observation might be explained primarily by lower surface roughness in monocrystalline ceramics.</p>","PeriodicalId":11016,"journal":{"name":"Dental Research Journal","volume":"21 ","pages":"61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11676311/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142902680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the mechanical properties of the polymer orthodontic bracket materials with the conventional orthodontic bracket materials: A systematic review.","authors":"Srinidhi Ramasundaram, Dilip Srinivasan, K Ravi, Davis Devasahayam","doi":"10.4103/drj.drj_196_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/drj.drj_196_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this study was to compare the mechanical properties of the polymer brackets with metal and ceramic brackets and verify if the polymer brackets could be used clinically.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A thorough search was conducted in four electronic databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Cochrane, Ovid, and Lilacs, with article selection based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis standards. A computerized search of the database was done from January 1990 to June 2024. Two independent reviewers were involved in study selection, data extraction, and synthesis. Disagreements were resolved by discussion with a third reviewer. The risk of bias was assessed by the quality assessment tool for <i>in vitro</i> studies (QUIN tool). The outcomes measured included permanent deformation, hardness, and torquing capacity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten studies were selected after excluding duplicates, screening, and complete text reading to identify the articles that met the eligibility criteria. All ten studies showed medium risk based on the quality assessment tool for <i>in vitro</i> studies (QUIN Tool).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The following findings were obtained: Polymer brackets have lower mechanical properties in terms of torque loss, fracture resistance, hardness, and torsional creep compared to metal brackets. Among the polymers listed in the studies, it was found that polyamide exhibited low hardness and polyoxymethylene exhibited the highest torque loss. Torque deformation was highest with a ceramic-reinforced polymer bracket, followed by pure polymer. Torque deformation was minimal with metal slot- and ceramic-reinforced polymers, followed by metal slot-reinforced polymers.</p>","PeriodicalId":11016,"journal":{"name":"Dental Research Journal","volume":"21 ","pages":"59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11676312/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142902678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of topical application of amitriptyline and nortriptyline on irreversible pulpitis pain in teeth with failed pulpal anesthesia after a successful inferior alveolar nerve block: A randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Armita Vali Sichani, Hossein Baharian, Navid Yaraghi, Zahra Khosravani, Asana Vali Sichani","doi":"10.4103/drj.drj_324_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/drj.drj_324_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>No consensus has been reached on the effect of topical application of amitriptyline and nortriptyline on irreversible pulpitis pain in teeth with failed pulpal anesthesia after a successful inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) block. This study aimed to assess the effect of topical application of amitriptyline and nortriptyline on irreversible pulpitis pain in teeth with failed pulpal anesthesia after a successful IAN block.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 45 patients with irreversible pulpitis. The patients were randomly assigned to three groups (<i>n</i> = 15) for topical application of 10 mg amitriptyline, 10 mg nortriptyline, and starch (placebo). An IAN block was primarily administered by injection of lidocaine with 1:80,000 epinephrine. Next, the abovementioned medications were topically applied in each group. The pain level of patients was quantified by the McGill Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale (FPRS) before the intervention, immediately after injection, and after topical application of materials and compared. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 21 using the Chi-square test, likelihood ratio, one-way ANOVA, repeated-measures ANOVA, and the Kruskal-Wallis test. <i>P</i> < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All three interventions significantly decreased pain (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Although nortriptyline caused a greater pain relief, the difference among the three groups was not significant regarding the VAS or Wong-Baker FPRS scores (<i>P</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although nortriptyline caused a greater reduction in irreversible pulpitis pain than amitriptyline, the difference between the two medications was not significant. Future studies without a placebo group are recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":11016,"journal":{"name":"Dental Research Journal","volume":"21 ","pages":"60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11676318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142902681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of silver and calcium fluoride nanoparticles on antibacterial activity of composite resin against <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>: An <i>in vitro</i> study.","authors":"Mehdi Fathi, Zahra Hosseinali, Tina Molaei, Somayeh Hekmatfar","doi":"10.4103/drj.drj_12_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/drj.drj_12_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recurrent caries were attributed to the lack of antibacterial properties of the dental materials. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and calcium fluoride nanoparticles (CaF2NPs) are broad-spectrum antibacterial agents. The object of the study was to investigate the antibacterial properties of composite-incorporated AgNPs and CaF2NPs on <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This experimental study forty-eight disks containing 0.5, 1, and 1.5% wt AgNPs s (<i>n</i> = 24) and 5, 10, and 15% wt CaF2NPs were prepared from flowable composite resin (<i>n</i> = 24). The third group consisted of 9 types of the combination of AgNPs and CaF2NPs (<i>n</i> = 72). A field emission scanning electron microscope with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis system was used to test for the presence of nanoparticles in composite resins. The antibacterial efficacy of dental composite was evaluated by disk diffusion agar test. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration were conducted. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and multiple Tukey HSD (Honestly Significant Difference) tests. Significance level was set at 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nanoparticles added to composite produce bacterial inhibition zone. The greatest inhibition of bacterial growth was recorded in the third group which contained both nanoparticles (<i>P</i> < 0.05). MIC values decreased after adding CaF2 NPs to the AgNPs-containing composite. The results of the FE-SEM test indicate the presence of AgNPs and CaF2NPs in the dental composite resin sample. On the other hand, the formation of AgNPs and their elemental nature were proved using energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis EDX analysis. According to the results, composite resins containing 0.5% of AgNPs s and 15% of CaF2NPs exhibited a significantly lower antibacterial activity compared to the 1.5% and 1% of AgNPs s with 15% of CaF2NPs (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dental composite resins-containing CaF2NPs and AgNPs showed anti-bacterial activity against <i>S. mutans</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":11016,"journal":{"name":"Dental Research Journal","volume":"21 ","pages":"58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11676319/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142902690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of tribulus terrestris methanolic extract against <i>Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus</i>, and <i>Lactobacillus acidophilus:</i> An <i>in vitro</i> study.","authors":"Ali Azarm, Fatemeh Ayoobi, Mohammad Zare-Bidaki, Mohammad Taheri, Ebrahim Rezazadeh Zarandi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Tribulus terrestris</i> (TT) extract has shown good antibacterial activity against some bacteria. However, there are limited data on its cariogenic properties. This <i>in vitro</i> study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of TT extract against <i>Streptococcus mutans (S</i>. <i>mutans), Streptococcus sobrinus</i> (<i>S</i>. <i>sorbinus</i>), and <i>Lactobacillus acidophilus</i> (<i>L</i>. <i>acidophilus</i>) as the important cariogenic bacteria.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study was designed in an experimental model (<i>in vitro</i>). Phytochemical tests were carried out to detect herbal compounds in the TT extract. Agar well diffusion was performed to compare the extract (500-62.5 mg/mL) with different concentrations of chlorhexidine (2-0.25 mg/mL). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the TT extract and chlorhexidine were also determined. The lowest concentration showing ≥50% inhibition of biofilm formation (MBIC₅₀) was determined using crystal violet assay. Further, the time-kill assay (Log of CFU/mL) was performed, and acid production (pH) was measured at 1 × MIC concentration in 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h. Data analysis conducted using SPSS software (v26, IBM) involved One-way analysis of variance, Tukey <i>post hoc</i> tests, and <i>t</i>-test to compare concentrations and groups. Significance level is set at 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The TT extract mostly consisted of flavonoids. Its inhibition zones in the well diffusion test were statistically comparable with chlorhexidine in some concentrations (<i>P</i> > 0.05). The MIC of the TT extract was 15.625 mg/mL for all tested bacteria, whereas the MBC ranged from 31.25 to 62.5 mg/mL. Further, the MBIC₅₀ ranged from 7.8125 to 15.625 mg/mL for the extract. Time-kill assay showed that the bactericidal activity of the TT extract lasted for 8, 12, and 2 h for <i>S</i>. <i>mutans, S</i>. <i>sobrinus</i>, and <i>L</i>. <i>acidophilus</i>, respectively. The acid production decreased obviously after 8 h.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The TT extract showed good time-dependent antibacterial and antibiofilm activity, as well as acid production inhibition, against cariogenic bacteria in laboratory experiments.</p>","PeriodicalId":11016,"journal":{"name":"Dental Research Journal","volume":"21 ","pages":"57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11581358/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142686151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of remineralizing efficacy of calcium sodium phosphosilicate, ginger, turmeric, and fluoride.","authors":"Amir Shayegan, Sara Arab, Victor Manyong Makanz, Nicka Safavi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>White lesions, also known as white spots, are the earliest signs of tooth decay. At this stage, noninvasive preventive treatments, such as fluoride application, can help to slow down or even reverse the progression of white lesions. For decades, fluoride has held the spotlight as the go-to agent in oral preventive care, demonstrating significant remineralizing power. Recent scientific literature reveals a growing interest in alternative products as natural substances that demonstrate potential remineralizing effects on tooth enamel. This <i>in vitro</i> study aimed to evaluate the potential remineralizing effect of calcium sodium phosphosilicate (CSP), ginger, and turmeric.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This <i>in vitro</i> study was designed to evaluate the remineralizing effects of various materials on the enamel of extracted human teeth. The aim was to compare the effectiveness of these different substances in promoting enamel remineralization. Enamel blocks were prepared and were divided into seven experimental groups: CSP, fluoride toothpaste, nonfluoride toothpaste, turmeric, ginger, fluoride varnish, and distilled water. In this study, sample mineralization is assessed through the quantitative photo-induced fluorescence test before demineralization, after demineralization, and after remineralization. Statistical analysis of the data was conducted using a one-factor analysis of variance test. The significance level was set at <i>P</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The best results were obtained by groups treated with turmeric (<i>P</i> < 0.0001), Enamelast fluoride varnish (<i>P</i> < 0.0001), and NovaMin (<i>P</i> < 0.01), as compared to other remineralizing treatments.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While fluoride has undeniably revolutionized oral preventive care, the exploration of alternative products as natural substances and innovative compounds in recent scientific literature signals a shift in focus toward safer and potentially more diverse options.</p>","PeriodicalId":11016,"journal":{"name":"Dental Research Journal","volume":"21 ","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11581357/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142686082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}