Dental Research Journal最新文献

{"title":"Oral health-related quality of life in adults with cleft lip and/or palate: A systematic review.","authors":"Sara Hashemi, Fatemeh Derakhshandeh, Mahmood Dashti, Hossein Abdali","doi":"10.4103/drj.drj_273_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/drj.drj_273_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) is a prevalent congenital craniofacial anomaly that affects facial esthetics, function, and psychosocial well-being. Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) is a critical measure reflecting the impact of oral health on daily functioning and overall life quality. Despite extensive treatment, adults with CL/P may continue to face challenges affecting their OHRQoL.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To systematically evaluate and synthesize the existing evidence on OHRQoL in adults (≥18 years) with CL/P.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted across Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and PubMed until March 2025. Eligible studies included those assessing OHRQoL in adults with CL/P, using validated questionnaires such as Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) and Oral Impacts on Daily Performances. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed, and the protocol was registered in PROSPERO. Risk of bias was assessed using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for cross-sectional studies and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Quality Assessment Tool for pre-post studies. Due to heterogeneity in methodologies, a narrative synthesis approach was adopted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 407 identified records, 9 studies met the inclusion criteria. The majority were cross-sectional (<i>n</i> = 7), with 2 pre-post intervention studies. Most used the OHIP-14 questionnaire. Findings consistently showed that adults with CL/P report diminished OHRQoL, particularly in physical and psychological domains. Interventions like orthognathic surgery and prosthetic rehabilitation improved specific outcomes, but did not fully resolve functional or psychosocial challenges. Factors such as female gender, low income, limited social support, and the extent of dental decay were associated with worse outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite receiving specialized, multidisciplinary treatment, adults with CL/P continue to experience impaired OHRQoL. These findings underscore the need for a more holistic, patient-centered care approach that includes psychological support and long-term follow-up. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies and explore strategies to address persistent psychosocial impacts in adulthood.</p>","PeriodicalId":11016,"journal":{"name":"Dental Research Journal","volume":"23 ","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12952549/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147347199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of silver diamine fluoride in preventing and arresting dental caries in pediatric dentistry.","authors":"Bahareh Abbaspanah, Ashkan Mozdgir","doi":"10.4103/drj.drj_246_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/drj.drj_246_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dental caries is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases among children worldwide. Conventional caries management methods such as fluoride sealants and varnishes are widely used; however, newer noninvasive therapies like silver diamine fluoride (SDF) have gained attention. SDF has been proposed as a topical treatment for pediatric carious lesions, with advantages including arresting caries progression, reducing pain, and promoting remineralization with minimal intervention.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This review summarizes available evidence on the effectiveness of SDF as a caries prevention and arrest agent in primary teeth. It is based on a comprehensive analysis of current clinical studies and trials, focusing on biochemical mechanisms of action (including antimicrobial effects and increased dentin hardness), alongside practical considerations such as safety, application ease, and cost-effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across reviewed clinical studies and trials, SDF demonstrates effectiveness in preventing and arresting caries in primary teeth. Evidence supports underlying mechanisms including antimicrobial activity and enhancement of dentin hardness. The review also highlights practical strengths (safety profile, ease of application, and cost-effectiveness) and limitations, particularly esthetic concerns and staining. It also notes potential usefulness in pediatric populations with limited access to dental care or special healthcare needs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SDF can be applied safely, effectively, and cost-effectively as a caries-preventive and caries-arresting approach for young primary teeth.</p>","PeriodicalId":11016,"journal":{"name":"Dental Research Journal","volume":"23 ","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12952551/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147347789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microleakage in fiber-reinforced versus conventional composite restorations.","authors":"Nafiseh Zarenejad, Mohsen Ramazani, Negar Gholizadeh, Sara Yaghoubi, Mahmood Moosazadeh, Amirhossein Aliei, Narges Tavahodi","doi":"10.4103/drj.drj_337_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/drj.drj_337_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Composite restorations are prone to hybrid structure degradation and microleakage over time, which causes destruction and discoloration of the restoration's margins, caries recurrence, postrestoration sensitivity, and pulp irritation. New fiber-reinforced restorations may reduce some of the disadvantages of conventional composite restorations. This study aimed to compare microleakage of fiber-reinforced and conventional composite restorations.</p><p><strong>Materials and ethods: </strong>In this <i>in vitro</i> experimental study, 40 healthy extracted permanent premolars were included. The teeth were randomly divided into two groups: the first group consisted of teeth restored with fiber-reinforced composite and the second group consisted of teeth restored with conventional composite. In the teeth of both groups, two class II cavities were prepared, and then, according to the grouping, they were restored with composite or composite and fiber. Each cavity had a mesiodistal length of 2 mm, a buccopalatal width of 4 mm, and a depth of 5 mm, with proximal locations in the premolars. In the next step, the apex of all samples was sealed with adhesive wax, and the tooth surfaces were covered with two layers of nail polish and placed in 0.5% Fuchsin solution at room temperature for 24 h. Finally, the teeth were cut in half, and the extent of dye penetration was determined with a stereomicroscope equipped with a digital camera. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare microleakage between groups. <i>P</i> ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median of microleakage score was 1 (interquartile range [IQR] = 2) in the intervention group and 2 (IQR = 1) in the control group. The difference between groups was statistically significant (<i>P</i> = 0.012).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study revealed significantly lower microleakage with fiber-reinforced composite compared to conventional composite.</p>","PeriodicalId":11016,"journal":{"name":"Dental Research Journal","volume":"22 ","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12844549/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146092409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indocyanine green-activated photodynamic therapy with diode laser eradicates <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> in infected root canals: An <i>in vitro</i> study.","authors":"Ali Falah Rfysh, Mohammed Rahid Hameed, Saeed Asgary, Mustafa Shubbar","doi":"10.4103/drj.drj_407_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/drj.drj_407_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The current endodontic disinfection techniques may be supplemented with photodynamic therapy (PDT), which is believed to eliminate intracanal bacteria more efficiently. This <i>in vitro</i> study aimed to assess the antimicrobial effectiveness of PDT using various photosensitizers, in conjunction with a near-infrared diode laser (810 nm wavelength), in the root canals of teeth infected with <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>. This research is crucial for determining the optimal PDT method for eliminating <i>E. faecalis</i>, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of endodontic disinfection techniques.</p><p><strong>Materials and ethods: </strong>This <i>in vitro</i> experimental study was conducted on 50 intact human maxillary first molars, which were decoronated, and palatal roots were instrumented to ISO size X5. After autoclaving, roots were inoculated with <i>E. faecalis</i> (ATCC 29212; 10⁸ CFU/mL) and incubated anaerobically for 72 h. The roots were randomly divided into five experimental groups: control (C), laser alone (L), PDT with indocyanine green (ICG), PDT with methylene blue (MB), and PDT with cetrimide (CT) 2%. Root canals were flushed with phosphate-buffered saline, and serial dilutions were plated on agar. Colony-forming units were counted after 48-h incubation. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey's <i>post hoc</i> test for pairwise comparisons. A significance level of <i>P</i> < 0.05 was considered.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PDT with ICG resulted in complete eradication of <i>E. faecalis</i> (0 CFU/mL), whereas PDT with MB and CT produced significant reductions (5.08 ± 0.2 and 5.55 ± 0.1 log₁₀ CFU/mL, respectively; <i>P</i> < 0.05). Laser alone reduced CFU/mL to 5.94 ± 0.07.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PDT with ICG and an 810 nm diode laser achieved complete eradication of <i>E. faecalis</i>, outperforming MB, CT, and laser alone. These results advocate for ICG-PDT as a potent adjunct in endodontic disinfection protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":11016,"journal":{"name":"Dental Research Journal","volume":"22 ","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12844553/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146092357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of the antibacterial effect of ultraviolet radiation on alginate and condensation silicone impressions compared to hypochlorite.","authors":"Farshad Bajoghli, Farzaneh Mohammadzadeh Rostami, Hossein Gugunani, Arezoo Mazaheri Nazarifar","doi":"10.4103/drj.drj_530_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/drj.drj_530_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dental impressions are a known potential vector for cross-contamination between patients and the dental laboratory. Effective disinfection is, therefore, a critical step in infection control protocols. This <i>in vitro</i> study aimed to evaluate and compare the antibacterial efficacy of ultraviolet (UV) radiation and 0.525% sodium hypochlorite solution for disinfecting two common impression materials: condensation silicone and alginate.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This <i>in vitro</i> study employed a comparative experimental design to evaluate disinfection efficacy. A total of 195 samples were utilized, comprising 90 discs each of condensation silicone and alginate, alongside positive and negative controls (<i>n</i> = 9 and <i>n</i> = 6, respectively). All samples were experimentally contaminated with standardized suspensions of three pathogenic species: <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> (beta-hemolytic Group A), <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. The disinfection protocols consisted of either exposure to 0.525% sodium hypochlorite spray for 10 min or treatment with UV radiation using a dedicated device (\"Fast Steril\"). Antibacterial efficacy was quantitatively assessed by enumerating the mean colony-forming units (CFUs) postdisinfection. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney <i>U</i>-tests, with the significance level defined at α = 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis revealed a statistically significant difference in bacterial reduction based on the microbial species (<i>P</i> < 0.001). UV radiation demonstrated superior efficacy compared to sodium hypochlorite in disinfecting condensation silicone impressions (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Conversely, no significant difference was observed between the two disinfection methods for alginate impressions. Regarding bacterial susceptibility, the mean reduction in CFUs for <i>S. pyogenes</i> was significantly greater than for <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>P. aeruginosa</i> (<i>P</i> < 0.001), between which no significant difference was found (<i>P</i> = 1.0).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Within the limitations of this study, UV radiation proved to be a more effective disinfection method for condensation silicone impressions than sodium hypochlorite spray. For alginate impressions, both methods were equally effective. Given its efficacy and the superior dimensional stability of UV-treated impressions reported in the literature, the adoption of UV radiation is recommended as a viable and efficient method for disinfecting both condensation silicone and alginate impressions, thereby mitigating the risk of cross-infection in dental practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":11016,"journal":{"name":"Dental Research Journal","volume":"22 ","pages":"56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12844545/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146092378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of polishing and glazing on fibroblast cell adhesion and viability on zirconia frameworks.","authors":"Hadi Kaseb Ghane, Gholamreza Esfahanizadeh, Mohammad Reza Hosseini Kordkheili, Nargol Novin, Nazanin Samiei","doi":"10.4103/drj.drj_258_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/drj.drj_258_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dental implants face challenges such as bacterial infiltration and peri-implantitis, emphasizing the need for a robust mucosal seal to ensure long-term success. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of polishing and glazing zirconia on the adhesion and survival of human gingival fibroblasts, which are critical for establishing this protective barrier.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this <i>in vitro</i> experimental study, 18 zirconia discs (2.5 mm thickness) were prepared, sintered, and divided into three groups: polishing, glaze, and simple. The polishing group underwent sequential polishing, whereas the glaze group was coated with glaze paste and heated in a vacuum oven; the simple group remained unaltered. Cell survival was assessed using direct and indirect 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays, and cell adhesion was analyzed through fluorescence microscopy and quantitative fluorometry. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 26, employing the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for normality and one-way ANOVA (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cell adhesion was significantly greater in the polished group compared to the simple group (<i>P</i> = 0.001) and the glazed group (<i>P</i> = 0.002). Cell survival did not significantly differ between the polished and plain groups (<i>P</i> = 0.111). However, the glazed group showed significantly higher cell survival compared to both the simple (<i>P</i> < 0.001) and polished groups (<i>P</i> = 0.004).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Within the limitations of this <i>in vitro</i> study, it can be concluded that polished zirconia surfaces promote greater gingival fibroblast adhesion. However, fibroblast cell viability was higher on glazed zirconia discs. These findings underscore the importance of zirconia surface treatments in improving gingival integration.</p>","PeriodicalId":11016,"journal":{"name":"Dental Research Journal","volume":"22 ","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12844552/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146092380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revolutionizing dental restorations: Insights into computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing materials - A systematic review.","authors":"B K Ramnarayan, Suresh M Nagral, Pallavi Nanaiah, Krishnanand P Satelur, R Venkatasubramanian, J Avinash","doi":"10.4103/drj.drj_286_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/drj.drj_286_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The integration of computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) technology has significantly transformed restorative dentistry. This review explores the game-changing influence of CAD/CAM systems in restorative dentistry, emphasizing the clinical performance, mechanical attributes, and esthetic potential of contemporary materials such as zirconia, lithium disilicate, polyetheretherketone, polymethylmethacrylate, and advanced resin composites.This systematic review, conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and structured using the PICO framework, comprehensively explored evidence on CAD/CAM dental materials. A thorough search of PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Google Scholar (2015-2025) initially identified 1300 records. After rigorous screening and eligibility assessment, studies addressing clinical indications, mechanical performance, and material-specific outcomes of CAD/CAM restorations were included for qualitative synthesis. Lithium disilicate and zirconia emerged as frontrunners in fracture resistance, marginal adaptation, and long-term esthetics. Glass-ceramics and nanohybrid composites demonstrated high performance in posterior and veneer applications. Comparative trials favored CAD/CAM over conventional restorations in precision, fit, and durability. Risk-of-bias assessment indicated predominantly low bias across key domains, ensuring reliability of findings. CAD/CAM materials combine digital precision with clinical excellence, offering strong mechanical performance and refined esthetics for optimal functional outcomes. Clinical evidence highlights their accuracy, efficiency, and long-term success compared to traditional restorative techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":11016,"journal":{"name":"Dental Research Journal","volume":"22 ","pages":"52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12844550/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146092434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence on pharmacological agents for treating bony defects in chronic periodontitis: A network meta-analysis.","authors":"Shivani Sanjay Koli, Surekha Ramrao Rathod, Pranjali Bawankar, Vishwajeet Singh, S Savitha","doi":"10.4103/drj.drj_174_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/drj.drj_174_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic periodontitis is an infectious disease of the oral cavity that causes progressive destruction of periodontal tissues, leading to structural changes like attachment loss, bone resorption, resulting in bony defects, and potential tooth loss if left untreated. Effective drugs, such as alendronate, rosuvastatin (RSV), atorvastatin, melatonin, and metformin (MF), have been used as adjuncts to scaling and root planning and require evaluation for their comparative effectiveness in treating bony defects in patients with chronic periodontitis. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of these drugs for treating such defects.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This network meta-analysis (NMA) was conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024600432). A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library identified 11 eligible randomized clinical trials reporting changes in clinical attachment level (CAL) and bone fill (BF) at 6 months posttreatment. The NMA systematically compared treatment outcomes across different intervention groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MF was the most effective treatment for CAL and BF at 6 months. Ranking probabilities indicated that MF and RSV had the highest likelihood of being the most effective treatments.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings from the NMA suggest that MF may be an effective option for CAL improvement and BF. Further research is needed to validate these results and optimize treatment strategies for bony defects in chronic periodontitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":11016,"journal":{"name":"Dental Research Journal","volume":"22 ","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12844558/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146092311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of a nanoemulsion-containing <i>Nigella sativa</i> nanoparticles encapsulated in propolis nanomicelles on dentin tubule occlusion: An scanning electron microscopy study.","authors":"Niloofar Shadman, Faeze Hamze, Fatemeh Habibagahi, Razieh Hoseinifar, Mahnaz Amiri, Mahsa Fatahi","doi":"10.4103/drj.drj_13_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/drj.drj_13_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a prevalent clinical condition, occurring when exposed dentin reacts to various thermal, chemical, or mechanical stimuli. Although different interventions such as fluoride varnish, adhesives, and natural bioactive compounds have been tested, there is still a demand for more effective and durable solutions.This study aimed to evaluate the ability of a nanoemulsion containing <i>Nigella sativa</i> nanoparticles encapsulated in propolis nanomicelles to occlude dentinal tubules and to compare its performance with fluoride varnish under the simulated acidic and mechanical challenges.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this <i>in vitro</i> study, hydroethanolic extract of <i>Nigella sativa</i> was encapsulated in propolis-based micelles to prepare the nanoemulsion. Thirty-six extracted human third molars were sectioned at the mid-crown and randomly assigned to four groups (<i>n</i> = 9): (1) normal saline, (2) nanoemulsion (15-min immersion), (3) nanoemulsion (30-min immersion), and (4) 5% fluoride varnish. Each group was further divided into three subgroups: control (no challenge), acid challenge, and simulated toothbrushing. Scanning electron microscopy at × 4000 magnification was used to quantify the percentage of occluded dentinal tubules. Data were analyzed with the two-way analysis of variance and least significant difference <i>post hoc</i> tests at a significance level of <i>P</i> ≤ 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Material type (<i>P</i> = 0.018), challenge regimen (<i>P</i> < 0.001), and their interaction (<i>P</i> < 0.001) significantly influenced occlusion percentage. The highest occlusion was observed with nanoemulsion (30-min immersion) in the acid challenge subgroup (46.78%), followed by nanoemulsion (15-min immersion) after toothbrushing (41.85%), and fluoride varnish in the acid challenge subgroup (37.19%). Acidic and brushing challenges significantly reduced occlusion in all groups (<i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nanoemulsion containing <i>Nigella sativa</i> nanoparticles within propolis nanomicelles demonstrated superior dentinal tubule occlusion compared to fluoride varnish, with notable resistance to acid and brushing challenges. Given their natural origin, anti-inflammatory, and remineralizing properties, such nanoformulations may offer an effective and biocompatible alternative for managing DH. Clinical studies are recommended to validate these findings <i>in vivo</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":11016,"journal":{"name":"Dental Research Journal","volume":"22 ","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12844554/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146092334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of two micro-osteoperforation protocols using mini-screws on the rate and type of extraction space closure: A randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Mostafa Abtahi, Arezoo Jahanbin, Farzin Memari, Shayan Yousefi","doi":"10.4103/drj.drj_347_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/drj.drj_347_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accelerating orthodontic space closure while minimizing anchorage loss remains a clinical priority. Micro-osteoperforation (MOP) has emerged as a minimally invasive technique to enhance tooth movement. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of two MOP protocols on the rate and pattern of maxillary extraction space closure.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this parallel three-arm randomized controlled trial, 30 patients (17-30 years) with 3-4 mm of residual maxillary extraction space were randomly assigned to MOP1, MOP2, or control groups (<i>n</i> = 10 each). All underwent space closure using 0.019\" × 0.025\" stainless steel archwires and 150 g NiTi closed coil springs. MOP1 involved four perforations (two buccal, two palatal) at the extraction site center; MOP2 included additional perforations mesial and distal to the first molar. MOPs were performed monthly for 3 months. Primary outcome was space closure rate assessed via monthly three-dimensional intraoral scans. Secondary outcomes included angular tipping (PA radiographs) and relative anterior/posterior tooth movement. Statistical analysis used ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, and nonparametric <i>post hoc</i> tests (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty patients (11 males, 19 females) were equally divided into MOP1, MOP2, and control groups. After 3 months, mean space closure was 0.88 mm greater in MOP1 and 0.90 mm greater in MOP2 compared to control. The 0.02 mm difference between MOP1 and MOP2 was clinically negligible. Control showed the greatest tipping, whereas MOP2 had the least. No adverse events were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Monthly application of MOP significantly accelerates space closure and reduces tipping without increasing anchorage loss. The difference between MOP protocols was minimal and clinically negligible.</p>","PeriodicalId":11016,"journal":{"name":"Dental Research Journal","volume":"22 ","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12844559/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146092221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}