Laleh Maleki, Bahareh Fattahi, Seyed Mohammad Razavi, Mina Shekarian, Shahnaz Eskandari
{"title":"CD44 and EPCAM expression in pleomorphic adenoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma: An immunohistochemical method.","authors":"Laleh Maleki, Bahareh Fattahi, Seyed Mohammad Razavi, Mina Shekarian, Shahnaz Eskandari","doi":"10.4103/drj.drj_545_24","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recent studies have indicated that assessing the expression levels of cancer stem cell markers is critical in predicting the behavior of these neoplasms. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the expression levels of CD44 and epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) markers in pleomorphic adenoma (PA) and mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) using immunohistochemistry.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study, 20 samples each of PA and MEC were selected from Kashani Hospital, Isfahan, Iran, based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Specimens were prepared using immunohistochemical methods and analyzed under an optical microscope. Pathologists evaluated microscopic grade, staining intensity and percentage, and the staining intensity distribution (SID) index. Statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS (version 26), employing the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, <i>t</i>-test, Chi-square, and Fisher's exact test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean frequency of stained cells for both CD44 (<i>P</i> = 0.39) and EpCAM (<i>P</i> = 0.40) markers showed no statistically significant differences between the PA and MEC groups. Similarly, the mean intensity of staining did not differ significantly for either CD44 (<i>P</i> = 0.40) or EpCAM (<i>P</i> = 0.18). The average SID index for the EpCAM marker in the MEC group was significantly higher than the PA group (<i>P</i> = 0.03) and for the EpCAM marker, there was a significant difference between the average SID index and all three variables of microscopic grade (<i>P</i> = 0.01), clinical stage (<i>P</i> = 0.00), and 3-year prognosis (<i>P</i> = 0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of EpCAM immunohistochemical marker may help to predict the behavior of salivary gland tumors and obtain better treatment measures for patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":11016,"journal":{"name":"Dental Research Journal","volume":"22 ","pages":"16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12063989/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Dental Research Journal","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.4103/drj.drj_545_24","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"Dentistry","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Recent studies have indicated that assessing the expression levels of cancer stem cell markers is critical in predicting the behavior of these neoplasms. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the expression levels of CD44 and epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) markers in pleomorphic adenoma (PA) and mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) using immunohistochemistry.
Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study, 20 samples each of PA and MEC were selected from Kashani Hospital, Isfahan, Iran, based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Specimens were prepared using immunohistochemical methods and analyzed under an optical microscope. Pathologists evaluated microscopic grade, staining intensity and percentage, and the staining intensity distribution (SID) index. Statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS (version 26), employing the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, t-test, Chi-square, and Fisher's exact test.
Results: The mean frequency of stained cells for both CD44 (P = 0.39) and EpCAM (P = 0.40) markers showed no statistically significant differences between the PA and MEC groups. Similarly, the mean intensity of staining did not differ significantly for either CD44 (P = 0.40) or EpCAM (P = 0.18). The average SID index for the EpCAM marker in the MEC group was significantly higher than the PA group (P = 0.03) and for the EpCAM marker, there was a significant difference between the average SID index and all three variables of microscopic grade (P = 0.01), clinical stage (P = 0.00), and 3-year prognosis (P = 0.02).
Conclusion: The use of EpCAM immunohistochemical marker may help to predict the behavior of salivary gland tumors and obtain better treatment measures for patients.
期刊介绍:
Dental Research Journal, a publication of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, is a peer-reviewed online journal with Bimonthly print on demand compilation of issues published. The journal’s full text is available online at http://www.drjjournal.net. The journal allows free access (Open Access) to its contents and permits authors to self-archive final accepted version of the articles on any OAI-compliant institutional / subject-based repository. The journal will cover technical and clinical studies related to health, ethical and social issues in field of Dentistry. Articles with clinical interest and implications will be given preference.