Current aging science最新文献

{"title":"Revolutionizing Therapeutic Approaches Against Pathophysiology of Alzheimer's Disease: A Therapeutic Review.","authors":"Manita Saini, Seema Rohilla, Rakesh Kumar","doi":"10.2174/0118746098376646250715094707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118746098376646250715094707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial neuron-degenerative old age illness, which deteriorates the neuronal cells of the brain ultimately leading to dementia, decreased thinking ability and intricacy in performing daily routine activities. In most of the cases, AD is suspected to be caused by a combination of numerous factors, like environmental, genetic and lifestyle affecting the brain functioning. The present permitted treatments include N-methyl-Daspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists, cholinesterase inhibitors, and their combinations, which provide only momentary and symptomatic relief. Nowadays, clinical research is interested, in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease to target the metabolism of abnormal tau protein, removal of beta-amyloid inflammatory response, the cholinergic neuron, and free radical damage, and treatments that can either stop or modify the course, of AD. Globally, efforts are continued to search new targets to invent new options for the treatment of AD. The present review critically discusses about various treatment strategies for the patients presented with AD. Moreover, herbal drug and new drug candidates, along with nanoformulations for the treatments of AD and the role of AI-based technology in searching therapy for AD have been delineated in the present article. We concluded that preventing amyloid-β (Aβ) synthesis, enhancing the removal of Aβ deposition, or preventing Aβ aggregation can suppress AD. Moreover, herbal medicines have become an attractive alternative to cure this disease with numerous beneficial effects with little side effects. Novel approaches using AI are therefore required to create treatments with novel targets that may not only cure symptoms but also prevent disease development at an early stage to improve the quality of patients' lives.</p>","PeriodicalId":11008,"journal":{"name":"Current aging science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144774820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demographic Shifts and Disease Burden in Brazil: Analyzing Future Healthcare Trends and Expenditure Needs.","authors":"Rossano Kepler Alvim Fiorelli, Kai-Uwe Lewandrowski, Alexandre Siciliano, Sergio Luis Schmidt, Paulo Sérgio Teixeira de Carvalho, Stenio Karlos Alvim Fiorelli, Marcos Arêas Marques, Sandoval Lage Sobrinho","doi":"10.2174/0118746098371434250728051423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118746098371434250728051423","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This perspective paper presents an in-depth analysis of the demographic shifts and changing disease burden in Brazil, exploring their profound impact on future healthcare trends and expenditure requirements. Brazil, with its vast and diverse population, is witnessing significant demographic transformations, including an aging populace and a notable shift in disease patterns. These changes are steering the country towards a heightened burden of chronic noncommunicable diseases, even as it continues to grapple with existing infectious diseases. Using data extracted from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation database and published in the 2017 Global Disease Burden Study, the paper examines current demographic trends in Brazil, emphasizing the increasing proportion of the elderly and the consequent rise in age-associated health conditions, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancers. It highlights the implications of these shifts on the healthcare system, particularly the increased demand for long-term healthcare services and the challenge of providing comprehensive care within Brazil's existing healthcare infrastructure. This transition poses significant challenges in healthcare financing and resource allocation, necessitating strategic healthcare planning and substantial investments. This paper also explores potential strategies for addressing these emerging healthcare challenges. It advocates for the strengthening of primary healthcare services, investment in preventive healthcare measures, and the integration of advanced healthcare technologies. It provides projections for future healthcare expenditures in Brazil and highlights the need for efficient and targeted healthcare spending, aligned with the evolving demographic and disease profiles. Additionally, it underscores the importance of a multi-faceted approach involving government, private sector, and community collaboration for a robust and sustainable healthcare system.</p>","PeriodicalId":11008,"journal":{"name":"Current aging science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144774819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomarkers for Chronic Kidney Disease: An Updated Review of Innovative Detection Approaches.","authors":"Zahra Tolou-Ghamari","doi":"10.2174/0118746098380113250707112707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118746098380113250707112707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive and incurable condition that impairs kidney function over time. Affecting approximately 13% of the global population, CKD poses a substantial economic burden on healthcare systems and significantly reduces both the quality and duration of life for affected individuals. The overview of innovative methods will facilitate the identification and documentation of novel biomarkers associated with kidney diseases.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This review summarizes the findings of previous studies associated with novel therapeutic approaches and biomarkers for the early detection of CKD.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>All relevant databases were searched for published articles on the topic of interest from the beginning of the study period up to April 2025, using the following search terms: \"Chronic Kidney Disease,\" \"Conventional Biomarkers,\" and \"Novel Biomarkers.\" We also reviewed the reference lists of eligible studies, previous review articles, and registered clinical trials. A total of 101 manuscripts were included in this evaluation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>To comprehensively understand the diverse changes resulting from the complex pathomechanisms of CKD, the use of a combination of biomarkers is recommended. Relying solely on creatinine levels, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and proteinuria may be insufficient for accurate diagnosis. However, for the diagnosis, monitoring of progression, and assessment of disease severity, direct measurement of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) remains the most reliable and optimal approach. Glomerular, tubular, and tissue integrity of endothelial and epithelial cells in the nephron could be representative of morphophysiological changes associated with CKD. Albumin and creatinine are not sufficient for clinical application in the early detection of CKD. The published articles reported urea/BUN, creatinine, and cystatin C as the functional biomarkers. Injury biomarkers included: proteinuria, hematuria, creatinine (when > 40% kidney parenchyma is damaged), cystatin C, podocytes, podocalyxin, Nephrin, Podocin, CR1, CD80, synaptopodin, GLEPP-1, CD59, WT1, and CD59. For CKD progression, measuring DKK3, CKD273, hL-FABP, Fetuin-A, and Scd25 might offer valuable information.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Different biomarkers should be deliberated regarding the early detection of CKD based on their sensitivity, efficacy, specificity, and, of course, cost benefits for both patients and health system decision makers, which confer relevance.</p>","PeriodicalId":11008,"journal":{"name":"Current aging science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144682143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allicin and its Therapeutic Potential in Diabetes Management: A Comprehensive Review.","authors":"Anmol Saini, Vishakha Saini, Suresh Kumar, Ashwani K Dhingra, Jatin Kumar","doi":"10.2174/0118746098362006250602085308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118746098362006250602085308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It has been known since ancient times that garlic (Allium sativum), a member of the Alliaceae family, is an indispensable component of human food. This compound contains abundant nutrients, minerals, sulphur-containing compounds, essential oils, phenols, and free amino acids. Sugar levels in the blood that are abnormally high are a symptom of diabetes mellitus, in which the body has difficulty appropriately regulating glucose metabolism. Elevated levels of glucose in blood plasma are considered DM. It has been suggested that two primary mechanisms are responsible for the pathogenesis of the disease. One of the main causes of the persistent hyperglycemia linked to diabetes mellitus is the immune system's devastation of pancreatic β-cells, which results in a lack of insulin synthesis. Additionally, endogenous resistance of the body cells to the action of insulin is also a contributing factor. Children who have type 1 diabetes frequently experience symptoms such as polyuria, weight loss, and polydipsia of varying degrees. A comprehensive literature search on the potential benefits of allicin in diabetes mellitus (DM) was conducted using reputable databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and other recognized scientific sources. Furthermore, information on the clinical application of allicin was reviewed and compiled from ClinicalTrials.gov to provide insights into ongoing and completed clinical studies. Allicin is a compound that has the potential to have effects on pancreatic cells, wound healing, promoting insulin secretion, diabetic macroangiopathy, maintaining glucose homeostasis, and diabetic nephropathy. In addition, studies on cell lines that were carried out with different concentrations of allicin demonstrated a significant inhibitory effect on diabetes mellitus. The promising treatment strategy, therapeutic benefits, and inhibitory actions that allicin exhibits on diabetes make it an appealing candidate for additional research and the possibility of its application in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.</p>","PeriodicalId":11008,"journal":{"name":"Current aging science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144539402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When Cysts Mislead: A Case Report of Ovarian Cyst Resembling Giant Ureterocele after Hysterectomy.","authors":"Naina Kumar, Immanuel Pradeep, Annapurna Srirambhatla, Mishu Mangla","doi":"10.2174/0118746098365660250423075122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118746098365660250423075122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Women undergoing hysterectomy without oophorectomy face a risk of needing re-surgery for new adnexal conditions. Additionally, large ovarian cysts in posthysterectomy patients can complicate diagnoses, often mimicking conditions, like mesenteric cysts, massive ascites, or giant hydronephrosis.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 54-year-old para four and live four (P4L4) post-hysterectomy woman presented to the gynecological outpatient department with complaints of lower abdominal and back pain lasting seven days, along with difficulty urinating and burning during micturition. Her initial outside imaging, including a CECT and CT-urogram, suggested a grade three or four ureterocele, with potential differentials, such as megaureter and vesicoureteric reflux. However, upon clinical examination and further evaluation using MRI, it was found to be a large left-sided ovarian cyst of 13.8x9.5x11.3 cm causing hydroureteronephrosis (left>right). Her intraoperative findings revealed a large predominantly, tense cystic lesion of size 13x12 cm, completely occupying the lower pelvis in the midline, and it was densely adherent to the bladder and omentum anteriorly, and to the bowel posteriorly and on sides. Subsequent histopathological examination confirmed it as a mucinous cystadenoma of the ovary.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Large ovarian masses in post-hysterectomy patients present significant diagnostic and management challenges as they can mimic a range of conditions. This underscores the need for a multidisciplinary approach to improve diagnostic accuracy and optimize patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11008,"journal":{"name":"Current aging science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144062658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subtle Intrusion: Minimal Serous Uterine Carcinoma in an Asymptomatic Postmenopausal Patient-A Case Report.","authors":"Naina Kumar, Seetu Palo, Ashutosh Rath, Mishu Mangla, Pooja Rathod","doi":"10.2174/0118746098347939250407050519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118746098347939250407050519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Minimal serous uterine cancers (MUSCs) represent a distinct subset of endometrial malignancies characterized by early-stage presentation and unique histopathological features. These tumors typically manifest as intraepithelial or superficial serous carcinomas confined to endometrial polyps without myometrial invasion or lymphovascular involvement. MUSCs are predominantly diagnosed in postmenopausal women and are associated with favorable prognosis.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>The present case report briefs the finding of a 60-year-old woman presenting to the gynecological outpatient department for a routine gynaecological check-up. She was a known case of type II diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and asthma. She had no history of postmenopausal bleeding or vaginal discharge. Incidentally, on per speculum examination, a polyp of 2x3 cm was seen protruding through the cervical opening (cervical os). Her transvaginal ultrasound revealed a postmenopausal uterus with a thickened endometrium of 10mm. Her histopathology report of dilatation and curettage with polypectomy revealed serous carcinoma against the background of atrophic endometrium. The patient was managed with staging laparotomy with Wertheim's hysterectomy with bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection, omentectomy, and parietal peritoneum biopsy. Her final histopathology report revealed Stage 1A1 MUSC with atrophic endometrium.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The case report highlights the clinical significance of recognizing MUSC as an early- stage variant of endometrial cancer. Postmenopausal women, vulnerable to uterine serous carcinoma, require comprehensive sampling of all endometrial biopsies, curettings, and endometrial polyps to ensure early detection and accurate staging.</p>","PeriodicalId":11008,"journal":{"name":"Current aging science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143973084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cachexia: Unraveling its Complex Pathophysiology and Novel Therapeutic Approaches.","authors":"Kiran Dudhat, Misari Vanpariya, Rahul Kumar Sah","doi":"10.2174/0118746098355767250325074021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118746098355767250325074021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cachexia is a complex, multifactorial syndrome marked by progressive weight loss, muscle wasting, and metabolic disturbances. It presents significant challenges in clinical practice and contributes to 20% of all cancer-related deaths. While cachexia is commonly linked to cancer, it is also associated with a range of chronic conditions, including chronic heart failure, chronic kidney disease, and autoimmune disorders. Additionally, cachexia is not limited to cancer. Still, it can also occur in end-stage or chronic diseases such as AIDS, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), rheumatoid arthritis, tuberculosis, and gastrointestinal diseases. This article aims to explore the intricate pathophysiological mechanisms underlying cachexia and discuss emerging therapeutic strategies for its management. This comprehensive review of the literature and clinical studies explores the intricate interactions between inflammation, disrupted metabolism, hormonal imbalances, and immune dysfunction in cachexia. Furthermore, this review highlights the importance of early detection and intervention in improving the devastating consequences of cachexia on patient outcomes. Finally, this review presents the latest advancements in therapeutic approaches, including pharmacological interventions, nutritional support, exercise regimens, and novel targeted therapies, while underscoring the need for multidisciplinary and personalized treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11008,"journal":{"name":"Current aging science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143994557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishing Cut-off Points for the Cornell Scale to Enhance Depression Diagnosis in Parkinson's Disease Patients: A Study in the Vietnamese Healthcare Context.","authors":"Thanh-Nghiep Pham-Tran, Manh Xuan Bui, Nghia Trung Tran, Vu Hoang Anh Nguyen","doi":"10.2174/0118746098370198250322165956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118746098370198250322165956","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) often coexists with Parkinson's Disease (PD), significantly affecting the quality of life. Depression in Parkinson's disease patients is frequently neglected due to an emphasis on motor symptoms, resulting in underdiagnosis. The Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia (CS) demonstrates potential as a screening instrument for identifying depression in Parkinson's disease patients, while research on its use in Vietnam is scarce.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aims to calculate the Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (AUROC) curve and identify optimal cut-off points for the CS in diagnosing depression in patients with Parkinson's disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study conducted at Nguyen Tri Phuong Hospital from February to September 2022, 54 patients with Parkinson's disease were examined for major depressive disorder according to DSM-5 criteria and evaluated using the CS. Reliability was assessed by inter-rater reliability testing. The diagnostic performance was assessed by calculating sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and the Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (AUROC) curve.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CS exhibited significant reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.91; ICC = 0.91) and diagnostic precision (AUROC = 0.968). An ideal cut-off score of 9 was determined, exhibiting a sensitivity of 88.5% and a specificity of 89.3%. The results indicated cut-off scores of 6 and 11 for excluding or diagnosing depression, respectively, affirming the CS as a versatile and efficient screening instrument for patients with Parkinson's disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The CS is a dependable and valid screening tool for identifying depression in Vietnamese PD patients, enabling early detection and intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":11008,"journal":{"name":"Current aging science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143779390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frontotemporal Dementia, Current Diagnosis and Treatment Emphasis on Natural Products: A Review.","authors":"Zulfa Nooreen, Fariha Sumayya, Pranay Wal, Awani Kumar Rai, Sudeep Tandon","doi":"10.2174/0118746098343389250131050235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118746098343389250131050235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) refers to a spectrum of brain illnesses that mostly affects the frontal and temporal lobes. These regions are commonly related to personality, behaviour, and communication. It is brought on by aberrant protein aggregates, genetics and mutation. FTD most frequently affect people between the ages of 45 and 65 but can also affect young and elderly people. It is estimated that 1.0 to 15.4 per 100,000 members of the population can be affected by FTD in the near future. About 20,000 to 30,000 cases of FTD were reported in the USA alone in 2016. Presently, no specific pharmaceutical treatments for FTD have been authorized by the US Food and Drug Administration. Nowadays, various biomarkers are available for the correct diagnosis of the disease.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The present review demonstrates the risk factors, pathogenesis, pathophysiology, diagnostic criteria and treatment of FTD using a number of synthetic and natural drugs to treat the disease and focuses on natural products used to manage the disease. The literature search was done by online databases of SciFinder, Medline, Pubmed, GoogleScholar and Scopus.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Various pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions have been recorded to treat the disease. Primary treatment is a temporary reduction in the symptoms and progression of the disease. Anticholinesterase, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant compounds are gaining interest in the management of FTD. Herbal remedies and Phytoconstituents, either alone or in combination, could serve as excellent therapies for dementia with fewer adverse effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":11008,"journal":{"name":"Current aging science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-silico Comparative Analysis of TOP3B Protein Mammals Species with Emphasis on Heterocephalus glaber and Homo sapiens.","authors":"Yuhan Ye, Muhammed Asim Ali, Yifei Zhu, Athar Hussain","doi":"10.2174/0118746098338510250222054836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118746098338510250222054836","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction/background: </strong>TOP3B (Topoisomerase III-Beta) is a DNA topoisomerase enzyme essential for managing DNA topology during various cellular processes. TOP3B knockout mice typically develop but have a shorter lifespan; however, the exact role of TOP3B is not fully understood. This study aims to investigate the diversity of TOP3B across various mammalian species, with a particular focus on comparing the naked mole-rat (Heterocephalus glaber), known for its exceptional longevity and genomic stability, and humans (Homo sapiens).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study analyzed 30 putative TOP3B genes across 23 mammalian species, including Heterocephalus glaber (Hgl), Octodon degus (Ode), Pongo abelii (Pab), Trachypithecus francoisi (Tfr), Cavia porcellus (Cpo), Aotus nancymaae (Ana) and Homo sapiens (Hsa). Further deep in-silico analysis was done by covering structural and functional delivery analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Database searches revealed the presence of two transcript isoforms, X1 and X3, in the naked mole-rat (NMR) and three isoforms in humans (Hsa), while most other species exhibited one to two isoforms. Analyses of conserved domain architecture and de novo motifs indicated noticeable differences in the domain and motif patterns between the NMR and human isoforms. Additionally, multiple sequence alignment identified several mutations at critical sites in the NMR's TOP3B protein, including A46D and G47S, and five other unnamed mutations that may contribute to genomic stability. Evolutionary analyses showed that the TOP3B sequences of the NMR are closely related to those of Cavia porcellus (guinea pig) and Octodon degus (Degus). Furthermore, protein-protein interaction network analyses, along with pathway and molecular docking studies, revealed significant diversity in the interaction patterns of TOP3B between the NMR and humans.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The structural diversity and conserved-site mutations in Hgl's TOP3B protein suggest a potential role in promoting genomic stability and extending lifespan. These unique structural features may contribute to the Heterocephalus glaber's exceptional resistance to genomic instability and aging, offering insights into potential longevity mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that structure variations and mutations in NMR's TOP3B protein are associated with enhanced genomic stability, which may underlie its remarkable lifespan. This study provides preliminary insights into the potential function of TOP3B in genomic maintenance across species, particularly in aging and longevity.</p>","PeriodicalId":11008,"journal":{"name":"Current aging science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}