Current aging science最新文献

{"title":"Sarcopenia: An Age-Related Multifactorial Disorder.","authors":"N. Priyadarsini, Pranati Nanda, S. Devi, Subarna Mohapatra","doi":"10.2174/1874609815666220304194539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874609815666220304194539","url":null,"abstract":"Sarcopenia is an emerging clinical entity characterized by a gradual decline in skeletal muscle mass and strength that accompanies the normal aging process. It has been noted that sarcopenia is associated with various adverse health outcomes in the geriatric population like prolonged hospital admission, disability, poor quality of life, frailty, and mortality. Factors involved in the development of age-related sarcopenia include anorexia, alteration in the hormone levels, decreased neural innervation, low blood flow to the muscles, cytokine dysregulation, altered mitochondrial activity, genomic instability, intracellular proteolysis, and insulin resistance. Understanding the mechanism may help develop efficient preventive and therapeutic strategies which can improve the quality of life in elderly individuals. Thus, the objective of the present article is to review the literature regarding the mechanism involved in the development of sarcopenia in aged individuals.","PeriodicalId":11008,"journal":{"name":"Current aging science","volume":"382 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79935934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Loneliness as risk factor for Alzheimer´s disease.","authors":"M. Avila-Villanueva, J. Gómez-Ramírez, J. Ávila, M. Fernández-Blázquez","doi":"10.2174/1874609815666220304195049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874609815666220304195049","url":null,"abstract":"There is considerable empirical evidence that unequivocally points to loneliness as a modifiable risk factor for the development of Alzheimer's disease and other related dementias. With the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting lockdown and social distancing, there has been renewed interest in studying this topic. The present review examines the links between loneliness and Alzheimer's disease, with particular emphasis on the mechanisms common to both conditions.","PeriodicalId":11008,"journal":{"name":"Current aging science","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74273373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methodological Proposal for Strength and Power Training in the Older Athlete: Narrative Review.","authors":"Jofré-Saldía E, Villalobos-Gorigoitía A, Gea-García G","doi":"10.2174/1874609815666220228153646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874609815666220228153646","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION\u0000Within the adult population, it is not uncommon to meet older athletes who challenges the negative stereotypes associated with aging. Although their physical performance is superior to their sedentary counterparts, they are not immune to impaired neuromuscular function, leading to a decreased physical capacity and an increased risk of injuries. Despite the abundant information about the benefits of strength/power training in advanced ages, there are no methodological proposals that guide physical activity professionals to program this type of training.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000To review the factors related to the decrease in sports performance within older athletes and the benefits of a strength/power program, in order to provide a methodological proposal to organize training in this population.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000This is a review article. First, databases from PubMed, Science Direct and SPORTSDiscus and search engines, Google Scholar and Scielo were reviewed, using standard keywords such as strength and power training, evaluation of physical performance, neuromuscular function, and risk of injury in the elderly athlete. All related articles published during the period 1963 to 2020 were considered. A total of 1837 documents were found. By removing 1715 unrelated documents, 122 articles were included in the study after revision control.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULT\u0000Strength/power training is key to alleviate loss of performance with older athletes, and the benefits in neuromuscular function, which helps to reduce the rate of serious injuries and to maintain sports practice for a longer period of time. In order to design an appropriate program, a prior evaluation of the individual's physical-technical level must be carried out, respecting the biological-pedagogical principles and safety regulations.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000The methodological proposal delivered in this review can serve as a technical guide for physical activity professionals, which will be able to structure the strength/power training and thus preserving the sports practice in older athletes for a longer time.","PeriodicalId":11008,"journal":{"name":"Current aging science","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85227201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parkinsonism-like Disease Induced by Rotenone in Rats: Treatment Role of Curcumin, Dopamine Agonist and Adenosine A_2A Receptor Antagonist.","authors":"Asmaa Fathy Aboul Naser,&nbsp;Wessam Magdi Aziz,&nbsp;Yomna Rashad Ahmed,&nbsp;Wagdy Khalil Bassaly Khalil,&nbsp;Manal Abdel Aziz Hamed","doi":"10.2174/1874609814666210526115740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874609814666210526115740","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Parkinsonism is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects elderly people worldwide.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Curcumin, adenosine A_2AR antagonist (ZM241385) and Sinemet^® (L-dopa) were evaluated against Parkinson's disease (PD) induced by rotenone in rats, and the findings were compared to our previous study on mice model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Rats injected with rotenone showed severe alterations in adenosine A_2A receptor gene expression, oxidative stress markers, inflammatory mediator, energetic indices, apoptotic marker and DNA fragmentation levels as compared to the control group. Treatments with curcumin, ZM241385, and Sinemet^® restored all the selected parameters. The brain histopathological features of cerebellum regions confirmed our results. By comparing our results with the previous results on mice, we noticed that mice respond to rotenone toxicity and treatments more than rats with regards to behavioral observation, A_2AR gene expression, neurotransmitter levels, inflammatory mediator and apoptotic markers, while rats showed higher response to treatments regarding oxidative stress and energetic indices.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Curcumin succeeded in attenuating the severe effects of Parkinson's disease in the rat model and can be considered as a potential dietary supplement. Adenosine A_2AR antagonist has almost the same pattern of improvement as Sinemet^® and may be considered as a promising therapy against PD. To compare the role of animal species in response to PD symptoms and treatments, our previous report on mice explored the response of mice to rotenone toxicity in comparison with rats, where rats have shown a higher response to treatments. Therefore, no animal model can perfectly recapitulate all the pathologies of PD.</p>","PeriodicalId":11008,"journal":{"name":"Current aging science","volume":"15 1","pages":"65-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39023838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Body Composition with Functional Capacity and Cognitive Function in Older Adults Living in Nursing Homes.","authors":"Pinelopi S Stavrinou,&nbsp;George Aphamis,&nbsp;Eleni Andreou,&nbsp;Marios Pantzaris,&nbsp;Christoforos D Giannaki","doi":"10.2174/1874609814666210831155002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874609814666210831155002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Older adults living in nursing homes have an increased risk of adverse outcomes. However, the role of body composition in vital health and quality of life parameters such as functional capacity and cognitive function is less studied in this group of older adults compared to community-dwelling counterparts.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the present study was to examine the association of body composition with functional capacity and cognitive function in nursing home residents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-three older adults (82.8 ± 7.3 years) were enrolled in this study and they underwent body composition evaluation, functional capacity and cognitive function measurements.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed a high prevalence of obesity accompanied by functional capacity limitations and cognitive impairment in older adults living in nursing homes. Partial correlations, controlling for age, showed that body fat percentage was positively correlated with sit-to-stand-5 (r = 0.310, p = 0.025) and timed-up-and-go (r = 0.331, p = 0.017), and negatively correlated with handgrip strength test results (r = -0.431, p<0.001), whereas greater lean body mass was associated with better sit-to-stand-5 (r = -0.410, p = 0.003), handgrip strength (r=0.624, p<0.001) and cognitive function performance (r = 0.302, p = 0.037).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These important associations reinforce the need to develop effective healthy lifestyle interventions targeting both lean mass and body fat to combat functional and cognitive decline in nursing home residents.</p>","PeriodicalId":11008,"journal":{"name":"Current aging science","volume":"15 1","pages":"77-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39387367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurological Disorders in an Elderly Cohort Experienced Past Stressful Events: A Retrospective-prospective Study.","authors":"Raúl O Domínguez,&nbsp;Enrique R Marschoff,&nbsp;Liliana M Oudkerk,&nbsp;Luis E de la Ossa Angulo,&nbsp;Susana Villamizar Pérez,&nbsp;Graciela A Bianchi,&nbsp;Marisa G Repetto,&nbsp;Jorge A Serra","doi":"10.2174/1874609815666220118104234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874609815666220118104234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Psychological stress may be a risk factor for dementia, but the association between exposure to stressful life events and the development of cognitive dysfunction has not been conclusively demonstrated. We hypothesize that if a stressful event has an impact on the subjects, its effects would be different in the three diseases.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to assess the effects of stressful events in senior patients who later developed ischemic stroke, Alzheimer's, or Parkinson's disease.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Together with demographic variables (age, sex, race, socioeconomic and cultural levels), five types of past stressful events, such as death or serious illness of close relatives, job dismissal, change of financial status, retirement, and change of residence, were recorded in 1024 patients with Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and ischemic stroke. Time-todiagnosis (months from the event to the first symptoms: retrospective study) and evolution time (years of follow-up of each patient: prospective study) were recorded. The variance and nonparametric methods were analyzed to the variables time-to-diagnosis and evolution time to analyze differences between these diseases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The demographic variables, such as age, sex, race, economic and cultural levels, were found to be statistically non-significant; differences in the economic level were significant (P<0.05). Significant differences (P<0.001) were found in the mean time-to-diagnosis between diseases (Alzheimer's disease>Parkinson's disease >Stroke), and minor differences (P<0.05) in evolution time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Differences in time-to-diagnosis between the diseases indicate that the stressful effect of having experienced the death or serious illness of a close relative has an impact on their emergence. The measurement of time-to-diagnosis and evolution time proves useful in detecting differences between diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":11008,"journal":{"name":"Current aging science","volume":"15 2","pages":"163-171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39690941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitochondrial Ion Channels in Aging and Related Diseases.","authors":"Md Ashrafuzzaman","doi":"10.2174/1874609815666220119094324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874609815666220119094324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transport of materials and information across cellular boundaries, such as plasma, mitochondrial and nuclear membranes, happens mainly through varieties of ion channels and pumps. Various biophysical and biochemical processes play vital roles. The underlying mechanisms and associated phenomenological lipid membrane transports are linked directly or indirectly to the cell health condition. Mitochondrial membranes (mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM) and mitochondrial inner membrane (MIM)) host crucial cellular processes. Their malfunction is often found responsible for the rise of cell-originated diseases, including cancer, Alzheimer's, neurodegenerative disease, etc. A large number of ion channels active across MOM and MIM are known to belong to vital cell-based structures found to be linked directly to cellular signaling. Hence, their malfunctions are often found to contribute to abnormalities in intracellular communication, which may even be associated with the rise of various diseases. This article aims to pinpoint ion channels that are directly or indirectly linked to especially aging and related abnormalities in health conditions. An attempt has been made to address the natural structures of these channels, their mutated conditions, and the ways we may cause interventions in their malfunctioning. The malfunction of ion channel subunits, especially various proteins, involved directly in channel formation and/or indirectly in channel stabilization leads to the rise of various channel-specific diseases, which are known as channelopathies. Channelopathies in aging will be discussed briefly. This mini-review may be found as an important reference for drug discovery scientists dealing with aging-related diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":11008,"journal":{"name":"Current aging science","volume":"15 2","pages":"97-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39832738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relevance of Bioassay of Biologically Active Substances (BAS) with Geroprotective Properties in the Model of the Nematode Caenorhabditis Elegans in In Vivo Experiments.","authors":"Lyubov S Dyshlyuk,&nbsp;Anastasiya I Dmitrieva,&nbsp;Margarita Yu Drozdova,&nbsp;Irina S Milentyeva,&nbsp;Alexander Yu Prosekov","doi":"10.2174/1874609814666211202144911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874609814666211202144911","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aging is an inevitable process of nature. The age of living organisms contributes to the appearance of chronic diseases, which not only reduce the quality of life but also significantly damage it. Modern medicines can successfully fight multiple diseases and prolong life. At the same time, medications have a large number of side effects. New research indicates that bioactive phytochemicals have great potential for treating even the most severe diseases and can become an alternative to medicines. Despite many studies in this area, the effects of many plant ingredients on living organisms are poorly understood. Analysis of the mechanisms through which herbal preparations influence the aging process helps to select the right active substances and determine the optimal doses to obtain the maximum positive effect. It is preferable to check the effectiveness of plant extracts and biologically active components with geroprotective properties in vivo. For these purposes, live model systems, such as Rattusrattus, Musmusculus, Drosophila melanogaster, and Caenorhabditis elegans are used. These models help to comprehensively study the impact of the developed new drugs on the aging process. The model organism C. elegans is gaining increasing popularity in these studies because of its many advantages. This review article discusses the advantages of the nematode C. elegans as a model organism for studying the processes associated with aging. The influence of various BAS and plant extracts on the increase in the life span of the nematode, its stress resistance, and other markers of aging is also considered. The review shows that the nematode C.elegans has a number of advantages over other organisms and is a promising model system for studying the geroprotective properties of BAS.</p>","PeriodicalId":11008,"journal":{"name":"Current aging science","volume":"15 2","pages":"121-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39685814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Val16Ala Polymorphism of Manganese Superoxide Dismutase (MnSOD) with Food Intake and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in the Elderly in Primary Care in Porto Alegre.","authors":"Maria G V Gottlieb,&nbsp;Cristiane A Borges,&nbsp;Vera E Closs,&nbsp;Raquel Seibel,&nbsp;Rodolfo H Schneider,&nbsp;Carla H Schwanke,&nbsp;Irenio Gomes","doi":"10.2174/1874609814666210526115150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874609814666210526115150","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aging process causes physiological changes on its own. The combination of an unhealthy lifestyle with the presence of genetic polymorphisms, such as the Val16Ala of the antioxidant enzyme manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) may contribute to a greater occurrence of cardiometabolic risk factors.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to verify the association of Val16Ala-MnSOD polymorphism with food intake, caloric expenditure, and cardiometabolic risk factors in the elderly.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study with a sample size of 270 elderly individuals assisted in primary health care in the city of Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Val16Ala polymorphism, glucose, lipid profile, insulin, HOMA-IR, blood pressure, waist circumference, PCR-us, IL-6, food consumption, and caloric expenditure were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average age of the elderly was 68.6 ± 7.6 years. There were statistically significant differences regarding the consumption of two or more servings of fruits and vegetables daily between the elderly VV versus AV (P=0.017). There were also statistically significant differences regarding the consumption of two or more daily servings of legumes and eggs between the elderly AA versus VV (P=0.002). The median of insulin was higher in the elderly AA versus AV (P=0.025) and the median of HOMA-IR was higher in the elderly VV versus AV (P=0.029). AA elderly individuals had higher means of high-density lipoprotein (HDL-c), compared to AV (P=0.029).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results suggest that Val16Ala -MnSOD polymorphism is associated with the consumption of fruits, vegetables, legumes, and eggs, as well as with cardiometabolic risk factors in the elderly.</p>","PeriodicalId":11008,"journal":{"name":"Current aging science","volume":"15 1","pages":"49-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39023837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Evaluation of a Low-cost Dairy Food Supplement with <i>Mauritia Flexuosa</i> (Buriti) to Combat Malnutrition: Translational Study in Mice and Institutionalized Elderly Woman.","authors":"Audrey Handyara Bicalho,&nbsp;Fabio Ribeiro Santos,&nbsp;Daniele Cristina Moreira,&nbsp;Victor Hugo Dantas Guimarães,&nbsp;Guilherme Henrique Ribeiro,&nbsp;Alfredo Mauricio Batista De Paula,&nbsp;André Luis Sena Guimarães,&nbsp;Ulisses A Pereira,&nbsp;Theles Costa,&nbsp;Caroline Liboreiro Paiva,&nbsp;Marcelo Perim Baldo,&nbsp;Sérgio Henrique Sousa Santos","doi":"10.2174/1874609814666210614104904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874609814666210614104904","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The present study aimed to develop and evaluate a new dairy by-product nutritional supplement with Buriti fruit to improve malnutrition in mice and elderly woman.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Malnutrition is a prevalent problem in the elderly; therefore, oral dietary supplementation is an important strategy to reduce this health problem incidence.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study evaluated the effects of a low-cost food supplement, made from byproducts of the dairy and fruit industry in the Brazilian Cerrado (Buriti), on the nutritional status and on the recovery of the metabolic profile of malnourished animals and elderly women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the pre-clinical phase, Swiss mice were divided into six groups and subjected to malnutrition and renutrition. The clinical phase was carried out with 25 elderly women residing in a long-term institution, aged ≥ 65 years and with malnutrition or risk of malnutrition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The main results showed improvements in anthropometric parameters and an increase in serum albumin levels, in addition to lipid profile improvement in the preclinical phase and an increase in the red blood cells and hemoglobin in the clinical phase.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The supplement based on Buriti was able to reverse malnutrition promoting improvements in anthropometric and biochemical parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":11008,"journal":{"name":"Current aging science","volume":"15 1","pages":"37-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39765928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}