Current aging science最新文献

{"title":"Oxytocin-releasing reward: a remedy for cerebral inflammaging?","authors":"B. Buemann","doi":"10.2174/1874609815666220414104832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874609815666220414104832","url":null,"abstract":"MECHANISMS\u0000Oxytocinergic neurons emerging from the hypothalamus release oxytocin from the pituitary gland to the blood by axonal discharge to regulate reproductive organs. However, at the same time, oxytocin is secreted into neighboring areas of the hypothalamus from the dendrites of these neurons. Here the peptide acts by autocrine and paracrine mechanisms to influence other neuroendocrine systems. Furthermore, oxytocinergic neurons project to many different locations in the brain where it affects sensory processing, affective functions, and reward. Additional to its regulatory role, significant anti-inflammatory and restoring effects of oxytocin have been reported from many in-vivo and in-vitro studies. The pervasive property of the oxytocin system may enable it generally to dampen stress reactions both peripherally and centrally and protect neurons and supportive cells from inadequate inflammation and malfunctioning. Animal experiments have documented the importance of preserving immune- and stem cell functions in the hypothalamus to impede age-related destructive processes of the body. Sexual reward has a profound stimulating impact on the oxytocinergic activity and the present article therefore presents the hypothesis that frequent sexual activity may postpone the onset of frailty and age-associated diseases by neural protection from the bursts of oxytocin. Furthermore, suggestions are given how the neuroplastic properties of oxytocin may be utilized to enhance sexual reward by learning processes in order further to reinforce the release of this peptide.","PeriodicalId":11008,"journal":{"name":"Current aging science","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82576219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association of Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated Gene Polymorphism (rs9939609) on the Body Composition of Older People: Systematic Review.","authors":"Rebeca Gonçalves Trevisano, M. F. Gregnani, Bruna Cestari de Azevedo, S. S. de Almeida","doi":"10.2174/1874609815666220331090135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874609815666220331090135","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Population aging is growing faster than any other age group. Associated with aging, the prevalence of overweight and obesity is a potential risk factor for the development and aggravation of numerous pathologies. A genetic factor often associated with obesity is the Fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) (rs9939609) gene polymorphism, which has been extensively investigated in children, young, and adults. However, few studies have been carried out with the older population. This review aimed to verify the influence of the FTO (rs9939609) gene polymorphism on the body composition of the older population.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000We conducted a systematic review and Meta-analysis of PubMed, Scielo, and LILACS databases. Statistical analysis for meta-analysis was performed using mean values of Body Mass Index (BMI) and standard deviations.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The results did not show significant differences between FTO genotypes and BMI values (-0.32, 95%CI -0.45 to -0.19, I2 = 0%, p = 0.52). However, 59% of the studies identified some influence on body composition, obesity, or comorbidities.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000Few publications verify FTO polymorphism effects on specific groups of the older, suggesting a reduction in the influence of this gene in the BMI with advancing age. However, we believe that more controlled studies in older populations should be performed.","PeriodicalId":11008,"journal":{"name":"Current aging science","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78514632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Acid Load is Associated with Hypertension and Diabetes in the Elderly.","authors":"T. Omma, N. Gulcelik, Fatma Zengin, I. Karahan, C. Culha","doi":"10.2174/1874609815666220328123744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874609815666220328123744","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Diet can affect the body's acid-base balance due to its content of acid or base precursors. There is conflicting evidence for the role of metabolic acidosis in the development of cardiometabolic disorders, hypertension (HT), and insulin resistance (IR).\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000We hypothesize that dietary acid load (DAL) is associated with adverse metabolic risk factors and we aimed to investigate this in the elderly.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000A total of 114 elderly participants were included in the study. The participants were divided into four groups such as HT, diabetes (DM), both HT and DM, and healthy controls. Anthropometric, biochemical, and clinical findings were recorded. Potential renal acid load (PRAL) and net endogenous acid production (NEAP) results were obtained from three-day, 24-hour dietary records via a nutrient database program. (BeBiS software program).\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The groups were matched for age, gender, and BMI. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of NEAP (p=0.01) and no significant difference for PRAL (p=0.086). The lowest NEAP and PRAL levels were seen in the control group while the highest in the HT group. Both NEAP and PRAL were correlated with waist circumference (r=0,325, p=0.001; r=0,231, p=0,016, respectively).\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000Our data confirmed that subjects with HT and DM had diets with greater acid-forming potential. High NEAP may be a risk factor for chronic metabolic diseases, particularly HT. PRAL couldn't be shown as a significantly different marker in all participants. Dietary content has a significant contribution to the reduction of cardiovascular risk factors such as HT, DM, and obesity.","PeriodicalId":11008,"journal":{"name":"Current aging science","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85893972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sleep Quality and Quality of Life Among Older Adults During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-sectional Study.","authors":"P. Abdalla, Elzier Sampaio de Queiroz Neto, Ana Carolina Silveira de Souza Lage, Sérgio Gomes, Maria das Dores Bezerra de Freitas, Simão Pedro-Costa, D. Machado, José Oliveira, J. Mota, Lucimére Bohn","doi":"10.2174/1874609815666220304195647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874609815666220304195647","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Although home confinement reduces the number of SARS-CoV-2 infections, it may negatively impact the psychological and physical health of older adults.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000The present study attempted to describe the quality of life (QoL) of older adults before and during the COVID-19 outbreak focus on evaluating QoL, physical activity, sitting time, and sleep quality during home confinement.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHOD\u0000The present study was conducted in 1,063 older adults (91% females) enrolled in a Brazilian social program. They were interviewed for QoL (EQ-5D), physical activity (international physical activity questionnaire-short vision), and sleep quality [Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI)] after 11.6 ± 2.4 weeks of confinement. Logistic regression confirmed changes in QoL.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The QoL (86.5 ± 14.7) decreased significantly during confinement (66.0 ± 21.0; P < 0.001), whereas the PSQI global score was 6.8 ± 3.9 points. Older adults spent 18.7 ± 29.8 min/day in moderate to vigorous physical activity, whereas they spent 325.5 ± 144.4 min/day sitting. The PSQI global score [odds ratio (OR): 1.10], sitting time (OR: 1.001), and diseases (OR: 1.23) were significantly associated with low QoL (P < 0.05).\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000Confinement has a deleterious effect on QoL, which is influenced by quality of sleep, sitting time, and disease. Awareness regarding the significance of sleep and physical exercise in older adults can mitigate the damage to their health during confinement.","PeriodicalId":11008,"journal":{"name":"Current aging science","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78924449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contribution of Glutathione-S-Transferases Polymorphism and Risk of Coronary Artery Diseases: A Meta-Analysis.","authors":"S. S, K. K","doi":"10.2174/1874609815666220304193925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874609815666220304193925","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Oxidative stress is one of the risk components in the development of coronary artery diseases (CAD) and polymorphism in major antioxidant genes like Glutathione-S-Transferases (GST) has been associated with the increased CAD susceptibility and severity.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000To get a precise evaluation and to update the association, a meta-analysis on GST (GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1) polymorphism with CAD was performed. Moreover, the combined effect of GSTM1/GSTT1 null genotypes on CAD risk which is not yet studied so far but it has the highest risk of developing diseases.\u0000\u0000\u0000MATERIALS AND METHOD\u0000PubMed, Embase and Web of Science were systematically searched for eligible studies. Case-control studies with genotypic frequency, provide data to calculate odds ratio (OR) and in English language were selected. OR with 95% C.I was calculated and random effect model was used. NOS scale was used to asses the qulity of the included studies.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Meta-analysis indicated that the GSTM1 null genotype and GSTP1 (Ile105Val) polymorphism is significantly associated with CAD risk with a pooled OR-1.38, p=0.01 for GSTM1 and OR-1.19, p=0.04 for GSTP1. Dual null genotype of GSTM1-GSTT1 has highest risk for CAD development (OR-1.59, p=0.003) and there is no significant association for GSTT1 null genotype with CAD. In the subgroup analysis, GSTM1 showed the increased risk for Asians (OR-1.68, p=<0.01) and smokers (OR-1.98, p=<0.01). Publication bias was not observed.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000The findings suggests that the GSTM1/GSTP1 polymorphism can be a predictive factor for CAD risk and a larger sample size is required further to confirm the association.","PeriodicalId":11008,"journal":{"name":"Current aging science","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84487195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum klotho concentrations in young and older men during prolonged exercise in temperate and hot conditions.","authors":"Kelli E. King, James J. McCormick, Sean R. Notley, Naoto Fujii, G. Kenny","doi":"10.2174/1874609815666220304200939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874609815666220304200939","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000The protein klotho protects cellular function during various physiological stressors, such as exercise, however it is unknown how the age-related decline in klotho production affects responses during exercise, especially in the heat.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000Our objective was to determine the effect of exercise in temperate and hot environmental conditions on serum klotho concentrations in young and older men.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u000012 young (mean ± SD: 22 ± 3 years) and 12 older (59 ± 4 years) men performed 180 minutes of moderate-intensity treadmill walking (metabolic rate: 200 W/m2) in a temperate [wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT) 16°C, achieved with 21.9°C, 35% relative humidity (RH)] and hot (WBGT 32°C, achieved with 41.4°C, 35% RH) environment. Serum klotho was assessed before and after exercise, as well as 60-min post-exercise recovery in the respective environments.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Absolute klotho concentrations were greater in young versus older men during all measured time points in the temperate (p = 0.032), but not the hot condition (p = 0.064). In the hot condition, the change in serum klotho from baseline was significantly higher after exercise in the heat (mean ± SEM: +251 ± 73 pg/mL) than the temperate (+75 ± 57 pg/mL) environment in both groups (p = 0.026). However, this elevation was not maintained during recovery.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000We showed that prolonged exercise in a temperate environment does not elicit a klotho response in either group. In contrast, despite lower resting klotho levels, the older men showed a similar exercise-induced increase in serum klotho response as their younger counterparts.","PeriodicalId":11008,"journal":{"name":"Current aging science","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87521936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sarcopenia: An Age-Related Multifactorial Disorder.","authors":"N. Priyadarsini, Pranati Nanda, S. Devi, Subarna Mohapatra","doi":"10.2174/1874609815666220304194539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874609815666220304194539","url":null,"abstract":"Sarcopenia is an emerging clinical entity characterized by a gradual decline in skeletal muscle mass and strength that accompanies the normal aging process. It has been noted that sarcopenia is associated with various adverse health outcomes in the geriatric population like prolonged hospital admission, disability, poor quality of life, frailty, and mortality. Factors involved in the development of age-related sarcopenia include anorexia, alteration in the hormone levels, decreased neural innervation, low blood flow to the muscles, cytokine dysregulation, altered mitochondrial activity, genomic instability, intracellular proteolysis, and insulin resistance. Understanding the mechanism may help develop efficient preventive and therapeutic strategies which can improve the quality of life in elderly individuals. Thus, the objective of the present article is to review the literature regarding the mechanism involved in the development of sarcopenia in aged individuals.","PeriodicalId":11008,"journal":{"name":"Current aging science","volume":"382 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79935934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Loneliness as risk factor for Alzheimer´s disease.","authors":"M. Avila-Villanueva, J. Gómez-Ramírez, J. Ávila, M. Fernández-Blázquez","doi":"10.2174/1874609815666220304195049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874609815666220304195049","url":null,"abstract":"There is considerable empirical evidence that unequivocally points to loneliness as a modifiable risk factor for the development of Alzheimer's disease and other related dementias. With the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting lockdown and social distancing, there has been renewed interest in studying this topic. The present review examines the links between loneliness and Alzheimer's disease, with particular emphasis on the mechanisms common to both conditions.","PeriodicalId":11008,"journal":{"name":"Current aging science","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74273373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methodological Proposal for Strength and Power Training in the Older Athlete: Narrative Review.","authors":"Jofré-Saldía E, Villalobos-Gorigoitía A, Gea-García G","doi":"10.2174/1874609815666220228153646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874609815666220228153646","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION\u0000Within the adult population, it is not uncommon to meet older athletes who challenges the negative stereotypes associated with aging. Although their physical performance is superior to their sedentary counterparts, they are not immune to impaired neuromuscular function, leading to a decreased physical capacity and an increased risk of injuries. Despite the abundant information about the benefits of strength/power training in advanced ages, there are no methodological proposals that guide physical activity professionals to program this type of training.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000To review the factors related to the decrease in sports performance within older athletes and the benefits of a strength/power program, in order to provide a methodological proposal to organize training in this population.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000This is a review article. First, databases from PubMed, Science Direct and SPORTSDiscus and search engines, Google Scholar and Scielo were reviewed, using standard keywords such as strength and power training, evaluation of physical performance, neuromuscular function, and risk of injury in the elderly athlete. All related articles published during the period 1963 to 2020 were considered. A total of 1837 documents were found. By removing 1715 unrelated documents, 122 articles were included in the study after revision control.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULT\u0000Strength/power training is key to alleviate loss of performance with older athletes, and the benefits in neuromuscular function, which helps to reduce the rate of serious injuries and to maintain sports practice for a longer period of time. In order to design an appropriate program, a prior evaluation of the individual's physical-technical level must be carried out, respecting the biological-pedagogical principles and safety regulations.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000The methodological proposal delivered in this review can serve as a technical guide for physical activity professionals, which will be able to structure the strength/power training and thus preserving the sports practice in older athletes for a longer time.","PeriodicalId":11008,"journal":{"name":"Current aging science","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85227201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) - A Brand Ambassador/Alarming Bell for Potentially Inappropriate Medication in Elderly Inpatients.","authors":"Rishabh Sharma,&nbsp;Parveen Bansal,&nbsp;Manik Chhabra,&nbsp;Malika Arora","doi":"10.2174/1874609814666210719113157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874609814666210719113157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Since the past decade, prevalence of Potentially Inappropriate Medication (PIM) among elderly inpatients has increased drastically. However, limited data is available on PIM indicators and PIMs use among the elderly in patients suffering from Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of PIMs in elderly hospitalized patients with CKD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was carried out on 102 patients in a tertiary care hospital. PIMs were identified using Beers criteria 2019. Chi-square test was used to identify the association between variables and PIMs use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PIMs, as assessed according to AGS updated Beers criteria 2019 was found to be in more than 68.6% of patients of median age 65 years and 3 diagnoses and 7 days median length of stay. Most of the patients (47.1%) had ≥4 diagnosis. The most common comorbidities in patient were diabetes mellitus (n=54) and hypertension (n=55). Most of the subjects (66.7%) were on polypharmacy (5-9 medications/day) and 25.5% were on a higher level of polypharmacy (>10 medicines/day). Approximately 90% of the patients were having very low CrCl < 21ml/min (calculated with the help of Cockcroft- Gault formula). A significant association between PIM use and an increased number of diagnoses, polypharmacy or high-level polypharmacy, was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of PIMs in elderly inpatients suffering from CKD is quite high. The study clearly indicates negligence/ lack of awareness amongst physicians leading to increase in PIM use. Authors propose that the CKD patients should attract special attention of physician and should be treated as brand ambassadors/alarming bell for PIM use.</p>","PeriodicalId":11008,"journal":{"name":"Current aging science","volume":"15 1","pages":"59-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39749721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}