Current opinion in microbiology最新文献_第5页

The role of microbial succinate in the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease: mechanisms and therapeutic potential 微生物琥珀酸盐在炎症性肠病病理生理中的作用：机制和治疗潜力

IF 5.9 2区生物学

Current opinion in microbiology Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2025.102599

Sonia Fernández-Veledo , Carme Grau-Bové , Sara Notararigo , Isabel Huber-Ruano

{"title":"The role of microbial succinate in the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease: mechanisms and therapeutic potential","authors":"Sonia Fernández-Veledo , Carme Grau-Bové , Sara Notararigo , Isabel Huber-Ruano","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2025.102599","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mib.2025.102599","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic immune-mediated condition linked to gut microbiota dysbiosis and altered production of bacterial metabolites, including succinate, which is also a key intermediate in human mitochondrial energy metabolism in human cells. Succinate levels in the gut are influenced by microbial community dynamics and cross-feeding interactions, highlighting its dual metabolic and ecological importance. Extracellular succinate acts as a key signaling metabolite linking microbial metabolism to host physiology, with transient rises supporting metabolic regulation but chronic elevations contributing to metabolic disorders and disease progression. Succinate signals through its cognate receptor SUCNR1, which mediates adaptive metabolic responses under normal conditions but drives inflammation and fibrosis when dysregulated.</div><div>IBD patients display a dysbiotic gut microbiota characterized by an increased prevalence of succinate-producing bacteria, contributing to elevated succinate levels in the gut and circulation. This imbalance drives inflammation, worsens IBD severity, and contributes to complications like <em>Clostridioides difficile</em> infection and fibrosis. Emerging evidence highlights the potential of intestinal and systemic succinate levels as indicators of microbial dysbiosis, with a bidirectional relationship between microbial composition and succinate metabolism. Understanding the factors influencing succinate levels and their interaction with dysbiosis shows promise in the development of therapeutic strategies to restore microbial balance. Approaches such as dietary fiber enrichment, prebiotics, and probiotics to enhance succinate-consuming bacteria, combined with targeted modulation of succinate pathways (e.g. SDH inhibitors, SUCNR1 antagonists), hold promise for mitigating inflammation and improving gut health in IBD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 102599"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143685137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Immune evasion runs in the family: two surface protein families of Plasmodium falciparum–infected erythrocytes 免疫逃避在家族中运行：恶性疟原虫感染红细胞的两个表面蛋白家族。

IF 5.9 2区生物学

Current opinion in microbiology Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2025.102598

Samuel G Chamberlain , Shiroh Iwanaga , Matthew K Higgins

{"title":"Immune evasion runs in the family: two surface protein families of Plasmodium falciparum–infected erythrocytes","authors":"Samuel G Chamberlain , Shiroh Iwanaga , Matthew K Higgins","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2025.102598","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mib.2025.102598","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two protein families are found on the surfaces of erythrocytes infected with <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em>, a causative agent of deadly malaria. PfEMP1 are tethers binding endothelial receptors and holding infected erythrocytes to tissue and blood vessel surfaces, away from splenic clearance. RIFINs interact with immune receptors on natural killer cells, suppressing infected erythrocyte destruction. Both have expanded into families of diverse members to allow antigenic variation but retain surfaces of conserved chemistry and shape to bind human receptors. Recently discovered broadly inhibitory antibodies target one such surface on many EPCR-binding PfEMP1. Remarkable antibodies take this one step further, directly incorporating ectodomains of immune receptors into their loops, allowing RIFIN recognition. Finally, some RIFINs are targets of activating killer immune receptors, helping natural killer cells destroy infected erythrocytes. Studies of these two families therefore reveal a snapshot of the battle between this ancient parasite and the immune system of its human host.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 102598"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How pathogens drive adipose tissue loss in the host 病原体是如何导致宿主脂肪组织流失的

IF 5.9 2区生物学

Current opinion in microbiology Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2025.102597

Abdulbasit Amin , David V Ferreira , Luisa M Figueiredo

引用次数: 0

Induced pluripotent stem cell–based tissue models to study malaria: a new player in the research game 基于诱导多能干细胞的组织模型研究疟疾：研究游戏中的新玩家

IF 5.9 2区生物学

Current opinion in microbiology Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2025.102585

François Korbmacher , Maria Bernabeu

{"title":"Induced pluripotent stem cell–based tissue models to study malaria: a new player in the research game","authors":"François Korbmacher , Maria Bernabeu","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2025.102585","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mib.2025.102585","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Most <em>in vitro</em> studies on parasite development and pathogenesis in the human host have been conducted using traditional primary or immortalized cells, despite their inherent limitations. Breakthroughs in the field of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are revolutionizing disease modeling, offering alternatives to traditional <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em> infection models. Human iPSCs differentiate into all cell types, proliferate indefinitely, and offer experimental advantages, like genome editing and donor control. iPSCs can be engineered into complex 3D tissue models that closely mimic morphology and function of their <em>in vivo</em> counterparts and allow for precise experimental manipulation.</div><div>The physiological complexity of iPSC-based tissue models has improved rapidly. Given <em>Plasmodium</em>'s systemic impact across multiple organs, these models provide an invaluable resource for studying parasite–tissue interactions. This opinion article focuses on recent developments of iPSC-based models for <em>Plasmodium</em> research. We describe the main highlights and potential use of these systems while acknowledging current limitations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"84 ","pages":"Article 102585"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143488213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Can a microbial community become an evolutionary individual? 微生物群落能成为一个进化的个体吗？

IF 5.9 2区生物学

Current opinion in microbiology Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2025.102596

Afra Salazar , Sara Mitri

引用次数: 0

Targeted isolation of piperazate-containing molecules: bioinformatics and spectroscopy 含哌酸酯分子的靶向分离：生物信息学和光谱学

IF 5.9 2区生物学

Current opinion in microbiology Pub Date : 2025-02-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2025.102584

Mostafa Hagar , Sangwook Kang , Raymond J Andersen , Dong-Chan Oh , Katherine S Ryan

引用次数: 0

Protein families secreted by nematodes to modulate host immunity 线虫分泌调节宿主免疫的蛋白家族

IF 5.9 2区生物学

Current opinion in microbiology Pub Date : 2025-02-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2025.102582

Florent Colomb, Henry J McSorley

引用次数: 0

A CRISPR view on genetic screens in Toxoplasma gondii 刚地弓形虫基因筛选的CRISPR观点。

IF 5.9 2区生物学

Current opinion in microbiology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2024.102577

Franziska Hildebrandt , Ana N. Matias , Moritz Treeck

{"title":"A CRISPR view on genetic screens in Toxoplasma gondii","authors":"Franziska Hildebrandt , Ana N. Matias , Moritz Treeck","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102577","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102577","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Genome editing technologies, such as CRISPR-Cas9, have revolutionised the study of genes in a variety of organisms, including unicellular parasites. Today, the CRISPR-Cas9 technology is vastly applied in high-throughput screens to investigate interactions between the Apicomplexan parasite <em>Toxoplasma gondii</em> and its hosts. <em>In vitro</em> and <em>in vivo T. gondii</em> screens performed in naive and restrictive conditions have led to the discovery of essential and fitness-conferring <em>T. gondii</em> genes, as well as factors important for virulence and dissemination. Recent studies have adapted the CRISPR-Cas9 screening technology to study <em>T. gondii</em> genes based on phenotypes unrelated to parasite survival. These advances were achieved by using conditional systems coupled with imaging, as well as single-cell RNA sequencing and phenotypic selection. Here, we review the state-of-the-art of CRISPR-Cas9 screening technologies with a focus on <em>T. gondii</em>, highlighting strengths, current limitations and future avenues for its development, including its application to other Apicomplexan species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 102577"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142946126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gram-positive pathogens, inflammation, and the host lipid environment 革兰氏阳性病原体，炎症和宿主脂质环境

IF 5.9 2区生物学

Current opinion in microbiology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2025.102581

Reginald A Woods , Sarai Guzman Vela , Francis Alonzo III

引用次数: 0

Harnessing gut microbial communities to unravel microbiome functions 利用肠道微生物群落来揭示微生物群的功能。

IF 5.9 2区生物学

Current opinion in microbiology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2024.102578

Samir Giri , Handuo Shi , Athanasios Typas , Kerwyn Casey Huang

{"title":"Harnessing gut microbial communities to unravel microbiome functions","authors":"Samir Giri , Handuo Shi , Athanasios Typas , Kerwyn Casey Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102578","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102578","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The gut microbiome impacts human health in direct and indirect ways. While many associations have been discovered between specific microbiome compositions and diseases, establishing causality, understanding the underlying mechanisms, and developing successful microbiome-based therapies require novel experimental approaches. In this opinion, we discuss how <em>in vitro</em> cultivation of diverse communities enables systematic investigation of the individual and collective functions of gut microbes. Up to now, the field has relied mostly on simple, bottom-up assembled synthetic communities or more complex, undefined stool-derived communities. Although powerful for dissecting interactions and mapping causal effects, these communities suffer either from ignoring the complexity, diversity, coevolution, and dynamics of natural communities or from lack of control of community composition. These limitations can be overcome in the future by establishing personalized culture collections from stool samples of different donors and assembling personalized communities to investigate native interactions and ecological relationships in a controlled manner.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 102578"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142946135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0