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Current opinion in microbiology最新文献

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Temporospatial control of topoisomerases by essential cellular processes 细胞基本过程对拓扑异构酶的时空控制
IF 5.9 2区 生物学
Current opinion in microbiology Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2024.102559
Sora Kim, Monica S Guo
{"title":"Temporospatial control of topoisomerases by essential cellular processes","authors":"Sora Kim,&nbsp;Monica S Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102559","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102559","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Topoisomerases are essential, ubiquitous enzymes that break and rejoin the DNA strand to control supercoiling. Because topoisomerases are DNA scissors, these enzymes are highly regulated to avoid excessive DNA cleavage, a vulnerability exploited by many antibiotics. Topoisomerase activity must be co-ordinated in time and space with transcription, replication, and cell division or else these processes stall, leading to genome loss. Recent work in <em>Escherichia coli</em> has revealed that topoisomerases do not act alone. Most topoisomerases interact with the essential process that they promote, a coupling that may stimulate topoisomerase activity precisely when and where cleavage is required. Surprisingly, in <em>E. coli</em> and most other bacteria, gyrase is not apparently regulated in this manner. We review how each <em>E. coli</em> topoisomerase is regulated, propose possible solutions to ‘the gyrase problem’, and conclude by highlighting how this regulation may present opportunities for antimicrobial development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 102559"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142616428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Editorial overview: Human fungal pathogens: An increasing threat 编辑综述：人类真菌病原体：威胁与日俱增。
IF 5.9 2区 生物学
Current opinion in microbiology Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2024.102560
J. Christian Pérez
{"title":"Editorial overview: Human fungal pathogens: An increasing threat","authors":"J. Christian Pérez","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102560","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102560","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 102560"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142496678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
It's complicated: relationships between integrative and conjugative elements and their bacterial hosts 这很复杂：整合元件和共轭元件与其细菌宿主之间的关系
IF 5.9 2区 生物学
Current opinion in microbiology Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2024.102556
Alexa FS Gomberg, Alan D Grossman
{"title":"It's complicated: relationships between integrative and conjugative elements and their bacterial hosts","authors":"Alexa FS Gomberg,&nbsp;Alan D Grossman","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102556","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102556","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs) are typically found integrated in a bacterial host chromosome. They can excise, replicate, and transfer from cell to cell. Many contain genes that confer phenotypes to host cells, including antibiotic resistances, specialized metabolisms, phage defense, and symbiosis or pathogenesis determinants. Recent studies revealed that at least three ICEs (ICE<em>clc</em>, Tn<em>916</em>, and Tn<em>Smu1</em>) cause growth arrest or death of host cells upon element activation. This review highlights the complex interactions between ICEs and their hosts, including the recent examples of the significant costs to host cells. We contrast two examples of killing, ICE<em>clc</em> and Tn<em>916</em>, in which killing, respectively, benefits or impairs conjugation and emphasize the importance of understanding the impacts of ICE–host relationships on conjugation. ICEs are typically only active in a small fraction of cells in a population, and we discuss how phenotypes normally occurring in a small subset of host cells can be uncovered.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 102556"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142445867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How do bacteria tune transcription termination efficiency? 细菌如何调节转录终止效率？
IF 5.9 2区 生物学
Current opinion in microbiology Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2024.102557
Kathryn Julia Dierksheide , Robert A. Battaglia , Gene-Wei Li
{"title":"How do bacteria tune transcription termination efficiency?","authors":"Kathryn Julia Dierksheide ,&nbsp;Robert A. Battaglia ,&nbsp;Gene-Wei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102557","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bacterial operons often contain intergenic transcription terminators that terminate some, but not all, RNA polymerase molecules. In these operons, the level of terminator readthrough determines downstream gene expression and helps establish protein ratios among co-regulated genes. Despite its critical role in maintaining stoichiometric gene expression, terminator strength remains difficult to predict from DNA sequence. The necessary features of a major class of bacterial terminators — intrinsic terminators — have been known for half a century, but a strong sequence–function model has yet to be developed. Here, we summarize high-throughput approaches for probing the sequence determinants of intrinsic termination efficiency and discuss the impact of <em>trans</em>-acting factors on this sequence–function relationship. Building on the main lessons from these studies, we map out the experimental challenges that must be circumvented to establish a quantitative model for termination efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 102557"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142445866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Temperature structuring of microbial communities on a global scale 全球微生物群落的温度结构
IF 5.9 2区 生物学
Current opinion in microbiology Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2024.102558
Martina Dal Bello , Clare I Abreu
{"title":"Temperature structuring of microbial communities on a global scale","authors":"Martina Dal Bello ,&nbsp;Clare I Abreu","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102558","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102558","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Temperature is a fundamental physical constraint regulating key aspects of microbial life. Protein binding, membrane fluidity, central dogma processes, and metabolism are all tightly controlled by temperature, such that growth rate profiles across taxa and environments follow the same general curve. An open question in microbial ecology is how the effects of temperature on individual traits scale up to determine community structure and function at planetary scales. Here, we review recent theoretical and experimental efforts to connect physiological responses to the outcome of species interactions, the assembly of microbial communities, and their function as temperature changes. We identify open questions in the field and define a roadmap for future studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 102558"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142445868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Tapping the treasure trove of atypical phages 挖掘非典型噬菌体的宝库。
IF 5.9 2区 生物学
Current opinion in microbiology Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2024.102555
Simon Roux , Vivek K Mutalik
{"title":"Tapping the treasure trove of atypical phages","authors":"Simon Roux ,&nbsp;Vivek K Mutalik","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102555","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102555","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With advancements in genomics technologies, a vast diversity of ‘atypical’ phages, that is, with single-stranded DNA or RNA genomes, are being uncovered from different ecosystems. Though these efforts have revealed the existence and prevalence of these nonmodel phages, computational approaches often fail to associate these phages with their specific bacterial host(s), while the lack of methods to isolate these phages has limited our ability to characterize infectivity pathways and new gene function. In this review, we call for the development of generalizable experimental methods to better capture this understudied viral diversity via isolation and study them through gene-level characterization and engineering. Establishing a diverse set of new ‘atypical’ phage model systems has the potential to provide many new biotechnologies, including potential uses of these atypical phages in halting the spread of antibiotic resistance and engineering of microbial communities for beneficial outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 102555"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dissecting host–microbe interactions with modern functional genomics 利用现代功能基因组学剖析宿主与微生物之间的相互作用。
IF 5.9 2区 生物学
Current opinion in microbiology Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2024.102554
Baylee J Russell , Manasvi Verma , Nolan K Maier , Marco Jost
{"title":"Dissecting host–microbe interactions with modern functional genomics","authors":"Baylee J Russell ,&nbsp;Manasvi Verma ,&nbsp;Nolan K Maier ,&nbsp;Marco Jost","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102554","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102554","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interrogation of host–microbe interactions has long been a source of both basic discoveries and benefits to human health. Here, we review the role that functional genomics approaches have played in such efforts, with an emphasis on recent examples that have harnessed technological advances to provide mechanistic insight at increased scale and resolution. Finally, we discuss how concurrent innovations in model systems and genetic tools have afforded opportunities to interrogate additional types of host–microbe relationships, such as those in the mammalian gut. Bringing these innovations together promises many exciting discoveries ahead.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 102554"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142377768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Iron–sulfur Rrf2 transcription factors: an emerging versatile platform for sensing stress 铁硫 Rrf2 转录因子：感知压力的新兴多功能平台
IF 5.9 2区 生物学
Current opinion in microbiology Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2024.102543
Rajdeep Banerjee , Isabel Askenasy , Erin L Mettert , Patricia J Kiley
{"title":"Iron–sulfur Rrf2 transcription factors: an emerging versatile platform for sensing stress","authors":"Rajdeep Banerjee ,&nbsp;Isabel Askenasy ,&nbsp;Erin L Mettert ,&nbsp;Patricia J Kiley","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102543","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102543","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The widespread family of Rrf2 transcription factors has emerged as having prominent roles in diverse bacterial functions. These proteins share an overall common structure to sense and respond to stress signals. In many known cases, signaling occurs through iron–sulfur cluster cofactors. Recent research has highlighted distinct characteristics of individual family members that have enabled the Rrf2 family as a whole to sense a diverse array of stresses and subsequently alter gene expression to maintain homeostasis. Here, we review unique traits of four Rrf2 family members (IscR, NsrR, RisR, and RirA), which include iron–sulfur ligation schemes, stress-sensing mechanisms, protein conformation changes, and differential gene regulation, that allow these transcription factors to rapidly respond to environmental cues routinely encountered by bacteria.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 102543"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142314593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Predicting the evolution of antibiotic resistance 预测抗生素耐药性的演变
IF 5.9 2区 生物学
Current opinion in microbiology Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2024.102542
Fernanda Pinheiro
{"title":"Predicting the evolution of antibiotic resistance","authors":"Fernanda Pinheiro","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102542","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102542","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Predicting the evolution of antibiotic resistance is critical for realizing precision antibiotic therapies. How exactly to achieve such predictions is a theoretical challenge. Insights from mathematical models that reflect future behavior of microbes under antibiotic stress can inform intervention protocols. However, this requires going beyond heuristic approaches by modeling ecological and evolutionary responses linked to metabolic pathways and cellular functions. Developing such models is now becoming possible due to increasing data availability from systematic experiments with microbial systems. Here, I review recent theoretical advances promising building blocks to piece together a predictive theory of antibiotic resistance evolution. I focus on the conceptual framework of eco-evolutionary response models grounded on quantitative laws of bacterial physiology. These forward-looking models can predict previously unknown behavior of bacteria upon antibiotic exposure. With current developments covering mostly the case of ribosome-targeting antibiotics, I write this Opinion piece as an invitation to generalize the principles discussed here to a broader range of drugs and context dependencies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 102542"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369527424001188/pdfft?md5=c5a40650bac522618648ffd0caa862ca&pid=1-s2.0-S1369527424001188-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142238846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Molecular architecture and function of the bacterial stressosome 细菌应激体的分子结构和功能
IF 5.9 2区 生物学
Current opinion in microbiology Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2024.102541
Ziyi Zhao , Fahimeh Hajiahmadi , Maryam S Alehashem , Allison H Williams
{"title":"Molecular architecture and function of the bacterial stressosome","authors":"Ziyi Zhao ,&nbsp;Fahimeh Hajiahmadi ,&nbsp;Maryam S Alehashem ,&nbsp;Allison H Williams","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102541","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mib.2024.102541","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The bacterial stressosome is a supramolecular multiprotein complex that acts as a critical signal integration and transduction hub, orchestrating cellular responses to environmental stimuli. Recent studies have resolved near-atomic stressosome structures from various bacterial species, revealing assemblies that should be capable of altering their configuration in response to external changes. Further genetic, biochemical, and cell biology research has elucidated interactions and phosphorylation status within the stressosome complex as well as its subcellular localization and mobility within living cells. These insights enhance our comprehension of the stressosome pathways and their roles in directing various survival responses during environmental stress.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 102541"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142173305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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