Current Neuropharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Betaine: A Promising Natural Product for Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases.","authors":"Ying Zhang, Zhaojuan Ke, Jie Luo, Qibin Chen, Xin Jiang, Jialin Xiong, Linya Deng","doi":"10.2174/011570159X375540250718094903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011570159X375540250718094903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurological and psychiatric diseases pose a considerable global burden. Exploring additional potential prevention strategies and therapies is ongoing. As a prevalent natural product and nutraceutical from food, betaine's pharmaceutical applications suggest benefits for both health and disease in multiple organs. Recently, its efficacy on neurological and psychiatric health has been proposed and has drawn considerable attention. This review aims to provide an updated, critical, and comprehensive profile of the promising medicinal roles of betaine in these diseases. In addition to its well-known osmotic protection, due to methyl donation, it regulates metabolism, alleviates oxidative stress, and reduces inflammation. To manifest neurological and psychiatric health benefits, betaine acts by affecting gamma-aminobutyric acid associated with its transporters, related neurotransmitters, downstream and neurological pathways, and other specific mechanisms in the nervous system. Betaine demonstrates therapeutic potential against various neurological and psychiatric diseases, such as epilepsy, neurocognitive disorders (including Alzheimer's disease), Parkinson's disease, stroke, multiple sclerosis, traumatic brain injury, depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder, sleep disorders, fetal alcohol syndrome, syringomyelia, neonatal brain injury, neuropathic pain, and motor dysfunction. Despite the promising role of betaine in the treatment, diagnosis, and prevention of neuropsychiatric disorders, much of the present evidence appears to be fragmentary. Further studies elucidating the underlying mechanisms and direct clinical applications are required to obtain a deeper understanding of betaine and its underutilized potential. Overall, this review highlights the potential of betaine as a promising agent with benefits for neurological and psychiatric diseases, aiming to offer clues to advance this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":10905,"journal":{"name":"Current Neuropharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144834479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Cathepsin Family in Disease: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Applications.","authors":"Lorca Alzoubi, Yassmen Hamzat, Alaa Alqudah, Alaa A A Aljabali","doi":"10.2174/011570159X382799250721072924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011570159X382799250721072924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The cathepsin family of proteolytic enzymes is involved in the maintenance of major physiological processes, including protein degradation, immune modulation, tissue remodeling, and apoptosis. Members of the cathepsin family include cysteine, serine, and aspartic proteases, which are implicated in diverse cellular functions. Evidence for tissue-specific expression emphasizes the specialized functions of these enzymes in many organs. However, dysregulated cathepsin activity has been implicated in a wide range of pathological conditions, including, but not limited to, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegeneration, and autoimmune disorders. There is significant therapeutic potential for intervention, whereby specific inhibitors of certain cathepsins may offer promising strategies for disease management. Despite this promise, major challenges persist in designing inhibitors that avoid off-target effects while respecting the dual physiological and pathological roles of cathepsins. Structural similarities among family members and their context-dependent functions complicate precision targeting. This review identifies the emerging strategies-including structureguided design, cathepsin-cleavable delivery systems, and real-time imaging-that are reshaping therapeutic approaches toward these complex enzymes. A structured web-based literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar employing keywords such as \"cathepsins\", \"therapeutic targeting\", \"proteolytic enzymes\", and \"disease pathways\" to inform this review. As cathepsins continue to play a key role in health and disease, much research is warranted to determine their full therapeutic potential, which would represent a foundation for treatment options for various complex diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":10905,"journal":{"name":"Current Neuropharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144834481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediterranean Pattern Diet in Multiple Sclerosis: A Review Focusing on Immunometabolites.","authors":"Giulio Papiri, Cristina Paci, Giordano D'andreamatteo, Valentina Membrino, Tiziana Di Crescenzo, Gabriella Cacchio, Claudia Cagnetti, Arianna Vignini","doi":"10.2174/011570159X382929250719084728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011570159X382929250719084728","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multiple Sclerosis (MS), the most common demyelinating disease of the Central Nervous System (CNS), is characterized in its pathogenesis by an interplay of mechanisms pertaining to aberrant immune response, acute and chronic inflammation, glial housekeeping, and neuron survival, ultimately resulting in demyelination, synaptic dysfunction, and neuroaxonal loss. Experimental models as well as epidemiological observations support the hypothesis of a role of diet in the disease onset, activity, and progression. It has been suggested that Western-type diets might be detrimental, while on the other hand, certain dietary regimens, like Mediterranean, low-fat, ketogenic, or intermittent fasting, might lead to disease amelioration, possibly through differential regulatory effects upon inflammation, immunity, and regenerative processes of neurons and glia. Under this perspective, immunometabolites, small intermediates including among the others citrate, itaconate, lactate, glutamate, glutamine, alfa-ketoglutarate, 2-hydroxyglutarate, fumarate, ceramides, whose turn-over reflects metabolic reprogramming of immune cells, might be viewed as significant regulators of cellular responses against either local or systemic noxious stimuli, both in the periphery and in the CNS. The present narrative review aims at summarizing current experimental and clinical evidence regarding the role of immunometabolites in shaping MS pathology, to address whether they could be relevant either as disease markers or therapeutic targets, and whether they might be differentially influenced by dietary approaches, especially by Mediterranean Pattern Diets (MPD).</p>","PeriodicalId":10905,"journal":{"name":"Current Neuropharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144815964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Prospective Clinical Trial of Efgartigimod for New-Onset Generalized Myasthenia Gravis.","authors":"Chi Ma, Jingyi Shen, Ying Zhu, Ruixia Zhu","doi":"10.2174/011570159X366227250716054651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011570159X366227250716054651","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Numerous studies have demonstrated that efgartigimod is effective in treating myasthenia gravis (MG) across various patient populations. However, there is limited evidence regarding its use in patients with new-onset acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive generalized MG (AChR-gMG). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the real-world safety and effectiveness of efgartigimod in Chinese patients with new-onset anti-cholinergic receptor (AChR)- gMG.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective study was conducted in 29 patients with new-onset AChR-gMG, with a three-month follow-up. The Myasthenia Gravis Activities of Daily Living (MG-ADL) score, Quantitative Myasthenia Gravis score, prednisone dose, laboratory data, and adverse events were assessed at every follow-up visit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At 4, 8, and 12 weeks, the mean change in MG-ADL scores was 8.13 ± 3.66, 7.41 ± 4.22, and 6.37 ± 4.67, respectively. Compared with the baseline, 96% (28/29) of patients achieved an MG-ADL response (defined as a decrease of ≥2 points), with a mean response time of 0.81 ± 0.53 weeks (5.67 ± 3.71 days). After one cycle, 52% (15/29) of patients achieved minimal symptom expression (MSE), while 41% maintained MSE at 12 weeks. Moreover, 89% and 72% of MG-ADL responders sustained for 8 and 12 consecutive weeks, respectively. Additionally, patients with thymomatous MG exhibited a poorer response to efgartigimod and required two infusion cycles. All patients were able to reduce their daily steroid dose, and the mean daily prednisone dose decreased by 10.73 mg per day. The treatment was well tolerated, and a few mild adverse events were reported.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These results demonstrate the clinical significance of efgartigimod in patients with newonset AChR-gMG, achieving rapid symptom relief and steroid reduction. Additionally, the potential of efgartigimod to serve as a bridge treatment, facilitating a steady transition to long-term conventional immunosuppressive therapy, was demonstrated. Due to limitations in this study, such as a small sample size, larger randomized controlled trials are needed to validate.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study showed that efgartigimod is clinically beneficial and offers rapid symptom control in patients with new-onset AChR-gMG. A more aggressive application of efgartigimod in combination with corticosteroids may lead to a smoother therapeutic transition, which will further maintain favorable conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":10905,"journal":{"name":"Current Neuropharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144798462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Daridorexant and Insomnia in Clinical Practice: A Nominal Group Technique Consensus Study among Italian Sleep and Insomnia Experts.","authors":"Luigi Ferini Strambi, Dario Arnaldi, Enrica Bonanni, Alessandro Cicolin, Gian Luigi Gigli, Claudio Liguori, Carolina Lombardi, Liborio Parrino, Federica Provini, Monica Puligheddu, Andrea Romigi, Rosalia Silvestri, Laura Palagini","doi":"10.2174/011570159X367329250717020016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011570159X367329250717020016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chronic insomnia disorder significantly affects cognitive, emotional, and physical health. Recently, the dual orexin receptor antagonist (DORA) daridorexant was approved for treating chronic insomnia in several countries. Given the limited evidence available, expert consensus was sought to clarify key clinical issues, inform practice, and guide future research.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirteen Italian sleep experts employed the Nominal Group Technique (NGT) to identify and rank important clinical questions. The process involved independent thought generation, group discussion, and online voting using a 5-point Likert scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The NGT process resulted in 55 statements across five key clinical questions, with relevance scores guiding their categorization into three tiers. Key findings highlight daridorexant's mechanism of action, safety profile, efficacy on night and day parameters, and suitability for long-term use. The experts emphasized cross-tapering strategies for switching from other hypnotics, the importance of sleep psychoeducation, and using the Insomnia Severity Index and sleep diaries for treatment evaluation.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Daridorexant may address insomnia without increasing sedation via its dual orexin receptor antagonism. Daridorexant seems to be effective and safe even in special patient populations, such as the elderly and those with comorbid conditions (neurodegenerative disorders and cognitive impairments, comorbid insomnia and sleep apnea, psychiatric conditions and mood disorders, epilepsy syndromes, and restless leg syndrome), thus representing a new, promising option for insomnia treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The expert consensus provides a comprehensive framework for daridorexant clinical application, advocating for further research to expand the evidence base and refine best practices, as well as underscoring the importance of a multidisciplinary approach that combines both pharmacological and psychosocial interventions to optimize outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10905,"journal":{"name":"Current Neuropharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144798463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Ischemic Stroke from the Perspective of Inflammation.","authors":"Nai-He Chen, Jia-Xin Ren, Guang-Jian Li, Xin Sun","doi":"10.2174/011570159X380644250707075513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011570159X380644250707075513","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ischemic stroke, triggered by the interruption of cerebral blood flow, initiates a complex inflammatory process involving both brain-resident and peripheral immune cells. Microglia, the primary brain-resident immune cells of high heterogeneity, regulate central nervous system inflammation upon activation. Activated microglia are commonly classified into two predominant phenotypes (pro-inflammatory M1 and anti-inflammatory M2), which exert dual effects through the secretion of distinct cytokine profiles. Peripheral immune cells, including monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils, contribute to stroke pathogenesis and progression via diverse inflammatory mechanisms. Multiple microRNAs regulate the inflammatory dynamics of ischemic stroke across all phases by modulating both brain-resident and peripheral immune cells. MicroRNAs play a pivotal role in the activation and polarization of microglia, as well as cytokine release. Furthermore, microRNAs modulate the activation and extravasation processes of peripheral leukocytes by enhancing or attenuating signaling pathways. These mechanisms suggest that microRNA alterations could be biomarkers for predicting, diagnosing, and prognosticating ischemic stroke. Additionally, microRNA modulation offers potential as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of ischemic stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":10905,"journal":{"name":"Current Neuropharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144774787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing Alzheimer's Diagnosis with AI-Enhanced MRI: A Review of Challenges and Implications.","authors":"Zahra Batool, ShanShan Hu, Mohammad Amjad Kamal, Nigel H Greig, Bairong Shen","doi":"10.2174/011570159X353595250303064846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011570159X353595250303064846","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurological disorders are marked by neurodegeneration, leading to impaired cognition, psychosis, and mood alterations. These symptoms are typically associated with functional changes in both emotional and cognitive processes, which are often correlated with anatomical variations in the brain. Hence, brain structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data have become a critical focus in research, particularly for predictive modeling. The involvement of large MRI data consortia, such as the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI), has facilitated numerous MRI-based classification studies utilizing advanced artificial intelligence models. Among these, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and non-convolutional artificial neural networks (NC-ANNs) have been prominently employed for brain image processing tasks. These deep learning models have shown significant promise in enhancing the predictive performance for the diagnosis of neurological disorders, with a particular emphasis on Alzheimer's disease (AD). This review aimed to provide a comprehensive summary of these deep learning studies, critically evaluating their methodologies and outcomes. By categorizing the studies into various sub-fields, we aimed to highlight the strengths and limitations of using MRI-based deep learning approaches for diagnosing brain disorders. Furthermore, we discussed the potential implications of these advancements in clinical practice, considering the challenges and future directions for improving diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes. Through this detailed analysis, we seek to contribute to the ongoing efforts in harnessing AI for better understanding and management of AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":10905,"journal":{"name":"Current Neuropharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144774785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analyses of Nogo-Family Genes in Mouse and Human Microglia Omics Datasets Identify LINGO1 as a Candidate Drug Target in Alzheimer’s Disease","authors":"Elliot J. Glotfelty, Tobias E. Karlsson, Luis B. Tovar-y-Romo, Lars Olson, Brandon K. Harvey, Nigel H. Greig","doi":"10.2174/011570159X359944250722061312","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011570159X359944250722061312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microglia are the innate immune cells of the brain. Recent single cell and nucleus sequencing along with other omics technologies are leading the way for new discoveries related to microglial function and diversity. The Nogo-signaling system is a prime target for investigation with these tools as it has previously been neglected in microglia. The Nogo-signaling system consists of approximately 20 proteins, including ligands, receptors, co-receptors, and endogenous inhibitors known for their neuronal plasticity restricting properties via RhoA and ROCK1/ROCK2 activation, and have recently been implicated in microglial function. Here, we explore expression patterns of Nogo-family genes in the mouse and human brain. In mice, we focus on brain cell type enrichment, patterns of expression in microglia from embryonic stages to adulthood, sex differences, and changes in expression in acute and chronic inflammatory contexts from publicly available RNAseq and RiboTag translational profiling datasets. We identified differential expression of Nogo-family genes across age, sex, and disease/injury in mice. To analyze human microglia, we utilize a new tool, the CZ CellxGene Discover, to aggregate 21 single cell sequencing datasets of human brain cells in Alzheimer’s (AD) and control patients. In humans, LINGO1 is highly enriched in human AD microglia, a previously undescribed finding. We used The Alzheimer’s Cell Atlas (TACA) to further verify if this enrichment correlates to disease state, severity of human AD diagnosis, or sex of patients. The current work provides a comprehensive analysis of Nogo-family genes in microglia and identifies\u0000LINGO1 as a potential therapeutic target for AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":10905,"journal":{"name":"Current Neuropharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144774786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Venlafaxine and Deep Brain Stimulation Against the Effects of Hippocampal Lesion with Ibotenic Acid in Animals Exposed to the Chronic Mild Stress Model of Depression.","authors":"Ewa Litwa, Aleksandra Bartosz-Nowakowska, Bartosz Bobula, Piotr Gruca, Magdalena Lason, Dominika Biala, Krzysztof Tokarski, Grzegorz Hess, Mariusz Papp","doi":"10.2174/011570159X391083250716080839","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011570159X391083250716080839","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dysfunction of the pathway between the ventral hippocampus (vHPC) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) may be responsible for the weaker or lack of efficacy of antidepressant drugs in patients suffering from treatment-resistant depression. This study aims to evaluate the behavioural effects of vHPC lesion with ibotenic acid (IBO) in animals subjected to the chronic mild stress (CMS) procedure and treated with either chronic venlafaxine or acute deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the mPFC. In addition, electrophysiological studies are expected to reveal neuromodulatory effects on the function and plasticity of mPFC neurons in response to stress, lesion, and deep brain stimulation (DBS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Wistar Han rats were exposed to the chronic mild stress model of depression and IBO lesion in vHPC. The effects of both procedures were evaluated in a series of behavioural tests (sucrose test, elevated plus maze, novel object recognition, and social interaction) and in electrophysiological recordings (field potential recording and LTP induction).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CMS procedure caused a decrease in sucrose consumption, deficits in cognitive function and social interaction, and increased anxiety. The lesion in vHPC with IBO resulted in similar behavioral changes. Repeated (5 weeks) administration of venlafaxine (10 mg/kg, IP) reversed these deficits in stressed animals but was only partially effective in reversing the effects of IBO lesion in HPC. In contrast, the neuromodulation strategy with DBS of the mPFC produced a robust reversal of all behavioural changes observed in both stressed and lesioned rats. The CMS did not affect the amplitude of Field potentials in mPFC slices, but the induction of Long-Term Potentiation was impaired in these animals. The IBO lesion significantly reduced the amplitude of Field potentials as compared to unstressed rats. Both repeated venlafaxine and acute DBS normalized these effects of the IBO lesion.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Observed effects were fully normalized by DBS in mPFC but not by venlafaxine, which only partially reversed the IBO lesion-induced effects. The weaker sensitivity of vHPC-lesioned animals to the therapeutic action of venlafaxine provides further evidence that insufficient transmission from the vHPC to the mPFC could be responsible for antidepressant non-response.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These data support the hypothesis that resistance to antidepressant treatment may result from the inability of antidepressants to fully activate the impaired vHPC-PFC pathway, which could be overcome by the neuromodulatory properties of deep brain stimulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":10905,"journal":{"name":"Current Neuropharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Research Focus and Trends of Remimazolam: A Bibliometric Analysis of the 100 Most Cited Articles.","authors":"Yunying Chen, Junting Wu, Huangyi Chen, Chenxing Lei, Dezhao Liu, Ying Wang","doi":"10.2174/011570159X370775250704060228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011570159X370775250704060228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Remimazolam is a novel benzodiazepine derivative with advantages such as prompt onset, short duration of action, fast recovery, and non-organ dependence. Numerous studies have been conducted on remimazolam. However, bibliometric analysis on high-quality and highly cited articles related to remimazolam is lacking. The objective of this article is to evaluate the current research status and prevailing trends regarding the most frequently cited articles on remimazolam, utilizing bibliometrics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Studies related to remimazolam were searched in the Web of Science core database. The search period ranged from the inception of the database to April 2025, and 100 highly cited research articles were selected. The researchers gathered and analyzed pertinent data from the studies and subsequently conducted visual analysis utilizing VOSviewer and CiteSpace.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The total number of citations for the top 100 highly cited studies was 6683, published between 2010 and 2024. China, the United States, and the United Kingdom contributed the majority of these studies. These studies were published in 47 different journals. The journal with the highest number of publications was the Journal of Anesthesia. The institution with the highest publication volume was PAION DEUTSCHLAND GMBH in Germany, and the author with the highest contribution was Schippers F. The pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, safety, and efficacy of remimazolam were the main research directions and focuses in the field.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our analysis of the top 100 cited remimazolam papers reveals a rapidly advancing field. The surge in high-quality clinical studies confirms remimazolam's practical edge over older agents, such as propofol, particularly in offering better blood pressure stability for older patients and fewer breathing problems during procedures like endoscopy. While these advantages position it as a strong contender, important questions linger about its use in people with severe liver or kidney issues due to how it is broken down, and its effects on delirium remain unclear. Broadening research globally and focusing on these specific patient groups, as well as long-term safety, will be key to realizing remimazolam's full clinical potential.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study analyzed the 100 most frequently referenced articles on remimazolam, providing valuable insights into the characteristics and focal areas of research related to this topic.</p>","PeriodicalId":10905,"journal":{"name":"Current Neuropharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}